Abstract: A fluid pipe connection is disclosed having an inner pipe assembly including a first inner pipe section and a second inner pipe section, and an inner joint between the first inner pipe section and second inner pipe section; an outer pipe assembly having a first outer pipe section, a second outer pipe section, a shroud covering the inner joint and mechanically connecting the first outer pipe section to the second outer pipe section via a mechanical connection, and a hatch fastened to the shroud by one or more fasteners and covering a hole in the shroud, wherein the hatch is moveable between a closed position and an open position to provide access to the inner joint through the hole.

Abstract: An arcuate sweep elbow pipe connector section is disclosed as part of the piping system used to deliver water from a source to a fire sprinkler head. The arcuate sweep elbow pipe connector section is integrally formed at one end with a first connecting section and integrally formed at a section end with a second connection section. The connecting sections are positioned ninety degrees relative to each other and the arcuate sweep elbow pipe connector section optimizes water flow through both connecting sections.

Abstract: A fitting assembly may seal a wire within a tube to inhibit ingress of fluid outside the tube into the tube and into contact with the wire. The fitting assembly may optionally include a body and a nut, with a part of the nut received within the body. The nut may be threadedly connected to the body, such that threading and/or unthreading the nut translates the part of the nut within the body. Optionally, the nut may include a ring extension that is received within a ring cavity of the body, and an interfacing between the ring extension and the ring cavity may create a seal to inhibit leaking of the fluid past the seal. A method of sealing a wire within a tube may comprise positioning a tube with a wire therein within such a fitting assembly.

Abstract: A pigtail hose is described for connecting a gas canister to a gas regulator. The pigtail hose includes a gas hose having an inlet end and an outlet end; and an elbow fitting connected to the inlet end of the gas hose. The elbow fitting has a bore which turns the gas supply through 90° at a convenient point of the gas supply assembly to assist with the connection of the canister in a confined storage space.

Abstract: A wiring member includes: a wire-like transmission member; a first sheet to which the wire-like transmission member is fixed; and a second sheet, at least a part of which is overlapped with the first sheet, wherein a first through hole is formed in one of the first sheet and the second sheet, a second through hole formed to be continuous with the first through hole and smaller than the first through hole is formed in another one of the first sheet and the second sheet.

Abstract: Disclosed in an embodiment is a fluid heater including a main body including a partitioning part having a plate shape and a flow passage forming part forming a flow passage on the other surface of the partitioning part, a heating plate disposed on the flow passage forming part and having a plate shape and including a heating pattern having a shape corresponding to the flow passage, a circuit board disposed on one surface of the partitioning part and configured to control the heating pattern to generate heat, and a bus bar electrically connecting the heating pattern and the circuit board, wherein the flow passage forming part includes a turning vane disposed in a curved flow passage of the flow passage.

Abstract: A liquid system for a motor vehicle has at least one supply line which can be supplied with a liquid, and at least one functional unit which can be arranged on a movable component of the motor vehicle and is connected in a communicating manner to the supply line. The supply line has at least one immovable line portion which can be arranged on an immovable component of the motor vehicle and at least one movable line portion which can be arranged on the movable component and is connected to the functional unit. In order to ensure a leakage-proof supply of the functional unit with the liquid, the supply line has at least one rotary coupling via which the immovable line portion is connected in a communicating manner to the movable line portion.

Abstract: A condulet assembly for fabricating a metal conduit raceway of an electrical system is provided. The condulet assembly includes a condulet and a clamp assembly. The condulet includes a condulet body and a mouth including a mouth wall. The mouth wall further includes a plurality of first sloped recesses positioned circumferentially in an interior of the mouth wall, each of the plurality of first sloped recesses including a first slope that has a first end and a raised end positioned opposite the first end and more distal to the rim than the first end. The clamp assembly includes a clamp ring and a plurality of clamps each including a longitudinal portion and a claw, the longitudinal portion extending longitudinally from the clamp ring, and the claw extending transversely and inwardly from the longitudinal portion. Each of the clamps is sized to be received in one of the first sloped recesses.

Abstract: A condulet assembly for fabricating a rigid or intermediate metal conduit raceway of an electrical system is provided. The condulet assembly includes a gasket and a condulet including a condulet body and a mouth with an interior ridge positioned circumferentially along an interior of the mouth wall. The interior ridge includes a plurality of projections configured to form a plurality of indentations circumferentially around an exterior of the metal conduit and engage the metal conduit at the indentations when the mouth is compressed with the metal conduit received therein. The gasket is sized to circumscribe the conduit and includes a ring body and a first lip, wherein the ring body and the first lip deform and seal a gap between the interior of the mouth wall and the exterior of the metal conduit when the mouth is compressed with the metal conduit received therein.

Abstract: A pipe coupling comprising a housing with a receiving space for a pipe section, with fixing members for releasably fixing the pipe section in the housing, and a sealing element which is arranged in the receiving space and is designed to surround the free end of the pipe section received in the receiving space on the outer circumferential side and thereby seal the interface between the housing and the pipe section in a fluid-tight manner. The pipe coupling is characterized in that the sealing element is designed in the form of a sleeve with a first and a second free end, in that a bulge is provided at the first free end, and in that a tubular section protrudes from the bulge and forms the second free end on the edge side.

Abstract: A mandrel 10 for producing a thin-walled bent tube having a bending portion with high strength and a small radius of curvature by rotary draw bending without either cracks in an outside of bend or wrinkles and buckling in an inside of bend occurring includes a shank 14, a connection mechanism 15 and a mandrel ball 16. In a cross-section orthogonal to an axial direction of the mandrel ball 16 at a central position in the axial direction of the mandrel ball 16, the mandrel ball 16 has a first position 19 and a second position 20 at which a first straight line m that passes through a mandrel ball center 17 meets an outer periphery 21 of the mandrel ball. Further, a ratio (L1/L2) between a dimension L1 from the mandrel ball center 17 to the first position 19 and a dimension L2 from the mandrel ball center 17 to the second position 20 is in a range of 0.915 to 0.976.

Abstract: A shaping method for a double pipe includes: bending the double pipe with a specified curvature to form a bent portion in the double pipe; and arranging the bent portion on a first shaping die having a first shaping surface at a position biased inward or outward in a curvature radius direction of the bent portion relative to the first shaping surface, wherein the first shaping surface is configured to shape a first outer surface of both outer surfaces of the bent portion that are located on both sides of a plane including a central axis of the bent portion, and pressing the bent portion arranged on the first shaping die by a second shaping die having a second shaping surface configured to shape a second outer surface of the both outer surfaces of the bent portion.

Abstract: An apparatus that has a conduit and an impact absorber assembly. The impact absorber assembly includes a core and a frame, where the core has an aperture configured to receive the conduit and the frame includes a cavity sized and shaped to receive the core. The frame also has a first side wall and a second side wall that are spaced apart to define, at least in part, a cavity. The first and second side walls also include an intermediate portion that includes a waveform shape. The waveform shape includes at least a pair of ridges and a trough between the ridges.

Abstract: Provided herein are components for a fluid network, specifically a U bend structure connected to at least two pipes which is modified for one or more objective functions of interest such as pressure drop, erosion rate, fouling, coke deposition and operating costs. The U bend structure is so designed to have a specific ARQ between 1.0 to 1.02 for 5% of the flow passage from the inlet and from the outlet, and an ARQ from 1.02 to 1.15 over the remaining 90% of the flow passage through an Rb/D ratio being greater than 1 and less than 4.

Abstract: A pipe bend, in particular for an exhaust air duct of a fume extraction hood, which has a deflection of 60° to 120°, preferably 90°, with an inflow side and an outflow side, wherein the pipe bend has at least one air guide element which is curved in deflection direction and which extends in the interior of the pipe bend, characterized in that the pipe bend has a cross-sectional widening in flow direction behind the inflow side, in particular adjacent thereto, and a cross-sectional tapering in front of the outflow side, in particular adjacent thereto, the course of the bend of the outer wall of the bend deviating from the course of a quarter circle and having a bulge lying outside the vertex of the bend, in particular downstream of the vertex in the direction of flow.

Abstract: The present invention has as its object to provide a method for manufacturing a shaped part able to suppress the occurrence of shaping defects when manufacturing a tubular shaped part. The above object is achieved by providing a method for manufacturing a shaped part comprising a first bending process of press-forming a metal sheet to obtain a curved intermediate part curved in a longitudinal direction by a curvature ?, a U-process of press-forming the curved intermediate part into an approximately U-section to obtain a first curved U-section intermediate part provided with a bottom part having the curvature ?, and an O-process of press-forming the first curved U-section intermediate part to form a closed cross-section to obtain a tubular shaped part provided with a bottom part having the curvature ?.

Abstract: A quick-fitting pipe fitting assembly for coupling with at least one pipe element includes a pipe fitting body, at least one coupling unit, at least one gasket and a plurality of connecting elements. Each coupling unit includes a fixed coupling element integrally extended from the pipe fitting body and a movable coupling element, the gasket disposed at the coupling unit, the connecting elements movably connect the fixed coupling element with the movable coupling element, wherein the at least one coupling unit is adapted for being preassembled with the at least one pipe element and can be fastened by at least one fastening element that is capable of being operated to fasten the movable coupling element with the fixed coupling element.

Abstract: A sanitary wall installation connection box unit, including a box housing body having a rear-side base portion and a sleeve portion projecting to the front from the base portion, which sleeve portion peripherally surrounds a sanitary component mounting space, which space is accessible via an open front end face of the sleeve portion, and a connector body disposed on the base portion of the box housing body, which connector body includes a sanitary component connection contour facing the sanitary component mounting space, a fluid line connection interface structure accessible on an outer side of the box housing body, a fluid conduit structure for fluid connection of the fluid line connection interface structure to the sanitary component connection contour and at least one electric line feed-through opening leading from an outer side of the connector body through the connector body to the sanitary component mounting space.

Abstract: A vibration suppressing piping member suppresses vibration caused by a pulsating discharged gaseous fluid. The piping member includes a tubular portion and flange portions at both ends of the tubular portion. A bent portion is formed between the two flange portions. The two flange portions are directly connected to each other.

Abstract: An isolation valve unit with a fusion outlet including a valve body comprised of a metal, such as brass, and having at least two ports, at least one of the ports including an overmolded thermoplastic end surrounding and enclosing the port from which the fusion outlet extends. In one embodiment, the thermoplastic end is composed of a PP-RCT material and is securely formed over the port by way of an over molding technique. The valve unit further includes a ball valve accommodated within the valve body and a handle for actuating the ball valve. The isolation valve unit is configured to couple to a larger polymeric pipe and to control the flow of fluids in a plumbing system via actuation of the ball valve.

Abstract: A flow control device includes a valve body having an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet. A flow vane is coupled to the valve body and disposed in the flow path to divide a flow of fluid through the valve body. The flow vane has a first surface, a second surface, and a corrugation formed on at least one of the first and second surfaces. A control element is disposed in the flow path and movable in the valve body between an open position and a closed position.

Abstract: A connector system and method, of which the connector system includes a first conduit having a lower coupling and a first alignment feature, and a frame configured to be coupled to an oilfield tubular, and configured to receive the first conduit and a second conduit. The frame includes a second alignment feature configured to mate with the first alignment feature such that the lower coupling is aligned with the second conduit, and the first alignment feature is configured to slide vertically with respect to the second alignment feature such that the lower coupling is brought into engagement with the second conduit while the first and second alignment features are mated together.

Abstract: An arcuate sweep elbow pipe connector section is disclosed as part of the piping system used to deliver water from a source to a fire sprinkler head. The arcuate sweep elbow pipe connector section is integrally formed at one end with a first connecting section and integrally formed at a section end with a second connection section. The connecting sections are positioned ninety degrees relative to each other and the arcuate sweep elbow pipe connector section optimizes water flow through both connecting sections.

Abstract: A low profile elbow, and a process of manufacturing the same, includes a tube secured at two different location in two different planes of a base, wherein an end surface of the tube is positioned at an acute angle with respect to a tube axis, and wherein the tube defines a center of curvature positioned lower than a lower surface of the base.

Abstract: Fuel gas (G) is supplied via a pipe to a pre-combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The pre-combustion chamber is formed inside a chamber body which is received in a cavity of the engine body, while the pipe is received in a passageway of the engine body which communicates with the cavity. A seal which may be made from an elastomer comprises a wall defining an interior space opening through the wall at first, second and third openings. A first portion of the wall defining the first and second openings is arranged in the cavity so that the chamber body can be inserted through the openings into the interior space of the seal, while a second portion of the wall comprising the third opening is received in the passageway so that the pipe can be inserted into the interior space of the seal via the third opening. The pipe is sealed in fluid communication with the pre-combustion chamber via an inlet in the chamber body by sealing regions of the seal.

Abstract: A spring brake actuator has a service brake with a service brake housing and a service brake working chamber located in the service brake housing. The service brake working chamber is confined by a diaphragm. A service brake piston movable along an actuator-longitudinal axis and abuts the diaphragm, which applies a brake force onto the service brake piston. A spring between the service brake piston and the service brake housing pushes the service brake piston against the direction of the brake force. A modulator valve unit communicates with the service brake working chamber and is configured to regulate the inlet and outlet of fluid into and out of the service brake working chamber. The modulator valve unit is integrated into the spring brake actuator and includes a controllable inlet valve communicating with the service brake working chamber and a controllable outlet valve communicating with the service brake working chamber.

Abstract: An elbow screw joint system for screw-connecting and rerouting elongate shaped parts includes a guiding body, an insert and a cover. The insert has a guiding section rotatably arranged at least partially inside the guiding body. The guiding body has a guiding recess and an outlet recess. The guiding recess has a guiding axis and extends along the guiding axis from a receiving side to an opposite head side. The outlet recess has an outlet axis and extends from an outlet side, along the outlet axis, to the guiding recess. Also, the guiding axis and the outlet axis are at an angle relative to one another. The guiding section has a screw thread at an upper end region which is associated with the head side of the guiding body, and the cover is screw-connected, from the head side, to the screw thread of the guiding section.

Abstract: A frac tree coupled to a wellhead is connected to either flowback equipment or zipper modules using a single straight-line connection of pipes, valves, and/or frac iron that define a straight-line pathway for fluid, gas, or flowback materials. The disclosed single straight-line connections referenced herein may be used in pressure pumping operations to deliver hydraulic fracturing fluid (“frack fluid”) to a frac tree for delivery to a wellhead or for carrying flowback from the wellhead to a flowback-collecting equipment. To dramatically reduce the wear-and-tear on the frac tree, blocks at or near the top of the frac trees are strategically lined with a high-strength wear-resistant material internally at points where frack fluid or flowback changes direction to flow toward or away from the single straight-line connections.

Abstract: A device for repairing pipe leakage takes the form of a short section of PVC pipe with fittings. The pipe is ideally a 1?-2? section fashioned into a U-bend with a substantially semi-circular bend and two arms, and the fittings take the form of an elbow joint glued onto each arm. The arms are ideally offset up to 5° from parallel. A method of repairing cracked PVC piping using the device involves cutting out a 4?-6? section of piping, gluing the exposed ends of the broken piping as well as the elbow joints, squeezing the U-bend, positioning the squeezed device into the gap in broken piping, and releasing the U-bend to fit the elbow joints over the exposed ends of broken piping. The device has no vulnerable moving parts or O-rings, and it obviates the need to remove entire pipes.

Abstract: A method of production of a shaped article able to suppress occurrence of shaping defects, that is, a method of production of a shaped article including a first step of press-forming a metal plate (1a) into a U-shape to obtain a U-shaped article (1b) having a bottom part (2) straight extending in a longitudinal direction and a second step of press-forming the U-shaped article (1b) to bend it in the longitudinal direction so that the bottom part (2) of the part projects to the inside and obtain a U-cross-section bent article (1c).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides air intake ports and/or intake manifolds having an altered configuration to improve the efficiency of the air intake ports, intake manifolds, and by extension, the engine.

Abstract: A fueling system is disclosed for use with a service vehicle with a fuel tank and a main engine, and an auxiliary system. A fuel distribution system can include at least one fuel pump and at least one fuel nozzle. A compound fuel extractor can be configured to engage the main fuel tank of the service vehicle to provide first and second overlapping flow paths out of the main fuel tank. The first overlapping flow path can direct fuel from the main fuel tank to the main engine, and the second overlapping flow path can direct fuel from the main fuel tank to the auxiliary system.

Abstract: A contact force sensor is constructed using a spring in which a resilient member is interposed between two contacting elements. Extensions connected to the resilient member are in contact with the elements. A force applied to at least one of the elements causes a deformation of the spring that correlates with a displacement of the elements relative to one another.

Abstract: A valve and adapter for coupling a tubing to the valve. The adapter has first and second adapter end portion with connected fluid passageways. The second adapter end portion being insertable into the free-end portion of the tubing. A valve housing has a first chamber sized to receive the first adapter end portion and a second chamber has inward and outward fluid ports. When the first adapter end portion is positioned within the first chamber, an outer end portion of its fluid passageway is in fluid communication with the inward fluid port of the second chamber. A seal and gripper ring within the first chamber seal with and releasably grip the first adapter end portion. A valve element selectively control fluid flow between the first and second fluid passageways. The adapter may be used with a test cap and other fittings which include a seal and a gripper ring.

Abstract: A detachable 90 degree pivoting elbow forming an air channel that connects to a cleaning element permitting a swivel connection in orthogonal directions to provide a connection to the free end of an elongate wand of a vacuum cleaning system.

Abstract: Systems are provided for aligning and assembling an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) assembly with an engine intake housing. In one example, an intake system may include an EGR port housing for coupling the EGR assembly on an intake housing. The EGR port housing may include one or more alignment tabs on at least one side of the EGR port housing for aligning and guiding the EGR assembly during installation onto the intake housing.

Abstract: A quick connect assembly for releasably engaging an endform including a tubular stem, a collar member and a retaining member. The tubular stem includes a radially extending flange formed proximate to an upper end thereof. The radially extending flange is formed to include a first plurality of locating features. The collar member is carried by the tubular stem and is rotatably adjustable relative to the tubular stem about a longitudinally extending axis to a plurality of indexed positions. The collar member includes an inwardly extending lip proximate a lower end thereof and further including a second plurality of locating features. The retaining member holds the radially extending flange of the tubular stem against the inwardly extending lip of the collar member.

Abstract: A pipe fitting for plain end pipe is formed of housing portions defining receptacles for receiving pipe elements. The receptacles are coaxial with respective axes oriented angularly with respect to each other. Each receptacle has a channel that faces a respective axis with floors at different radii of curvature. Retainers are received within the channels. The retainers have teeth and one or more offset tabs that cooperate with the channels to prevent improper assembly of the fitting. Ring seals are received within channels positioned adjacent to the receptacles. The ring seals cooperate with the retainers to hold the segments in spaced relation sufficient to insert pipe elements into the receptacles when the fitting is pre-assembled. Apertures are provided in the receptacles to permit visual determination of the presence of the retainers post assembly.

Abstract: A push-in connector for releasably connecting the ends of two media lines consists of a push-in part (2) and a socket part (1) composed of a first socket section (3) and a second socket section (5). In the installed condition, the push-in part (2) is axially latched in the second socket section (5) and accommodated in a manner that is rotatable about its axis, whereas the second socket section (5) can be accommodated in the first socket section (3) at different rotational angles about the common axis (18) in an axially latched manner. The second socket section (5) carries an actuation element (7) that is movable between a latched position shown by an axial pull-out safety device of the push-in part (2) and an unlatched position in which this pull-out safety device is lifted.

Abstract: Methods of making hose fittings include providing a stem having a fluid conduit, a first end, a second end with a raised shoulder, and a crimp region disposed between the first end and the second end. A swivel tube nut is placed over the stem, and the swivel tube nut is retained on the stem the by the raised shoulder. A ferrule is thereafter placed over the first end of the stem, and the ferrule comprises a partially formed hexagonal wrench surface, formed prior to. The ferrule is then crimped, at the hexagonal wrench surface, onto the crimp region of the stem.

Abstract: An air intake device includes a bypass passage which makes a portion of an air intake passage on an upstream side of a compressor and a portion of the air intake passage on a downstream side of the compressor communicate with each other, and a bypass passage open/close valve which opens or closes the bypass passage. The air intake passage includes a first passage extending toward an upstream side from the compressor along a first direction, a bent portion bent from an upstream end of the first passage in a second direction, and a second passage extending from an upstream end of the bent portion along the second direction. The second passage has a vertically elongated cross-sectional shape. A vibration suppressing part for suppressing vibrations of the second passage is disposed in at least one of the second passage and the bent portion.

Abstract: An end cap configured for use with a recirculation heat exchanger of an aircraft environmental control system includes a body having an inlet section adjacent an inlet end, an outlet section adjacent an outlet end, and a transition section fluidly coupling the inlet section and the outlet section. The inlet section includes a generally rounded portion having a radius of about 0.870 inches (2.21 cm) and at least one flange formed at a side of the rounded portion. An exterior of the flange is positioned at a distance of about 1.012 from an origin of the rounded portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an engagement structure of a push rod guide and a push rod guide cover of a brake chamber for a vehicle, in which a pair of semi-circular, hingedly connected, half members in a shape of a plate are assembled at a side surface of an axial direction of the push rod into a shape of a disk, a push rod opening is formed at the center of the disk to guide a movement of the push rod, a protrusion projecting upwards is provided at a central part of the push rod guide, forming a step in a radial direction of the push rod guide, and a receiving groove corresponding to the step is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the push rod guide cover and is connected to the step.

Abstract: A ground connect duct includes a ground connect flange with an inner diameter and an outer diameter, wherein the inner diameter is between 7.000 inches and 9.000 inches and the outer diameter is between 9.000 inches and 11.000 inches, a V-band flange, and a duct body with the inner diameter, wherein the duct body is coupled to the ground connect flange and the V-band flange to have an overall length between 6.261 inches and 8.261 inches and to dispose the V-band flange at an angle between 6.000 degrees and 8.000 degrees relative to the ground connect flange.

Abstract: A compact, pressure conserving, steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system can include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and a conditioning orifice plate. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure flow conditions of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to reduce pressure loss and control flow rate. The conditioning orifice plate can be implemented to reduce flow conditioning pipe lengths and eliminate secondary flow conditioning elements. By placing the two flow elements in series, data from the flow elements can allow for a simultaneous solution of flow equations yielding a measurement for steam quality.

Abstract: A ceramic-backed elbow featuring an extended chamber which alters the flow of fluent through the elbow section. This chamber is lined with a ceramic material and ceramic tiles. The remainder of the elbow is similarly coated with a ceramic mixture. The elbow could be placed into a coating pan upon the tiles being adhered to the elbow, and the entire elbow may be coated with an abrasive-resistant coating. A thin metal skin may then be applied over the entire surface of the coating.

Abstract: A joint having connection surface has a main body including a first connection surface and a second connection surface, each of which is structured to connect to a connection target such as a port of hydraulic equipment, a piping, and a joint, the connection target having a path in which a hydraulic oil flows, a first opening end opened on the first connection surface and connecting to the path, first coupling holes each structured as a threaded hole, which are opened on the first connection surface and arranged on a circle concentric with the first opening end, a second opening end opened on the second connection surface and connecting to the path, and second coupling holes each structured as a through hole or a threaded hole, which are opened on the second connection surface and arranged along a circle concentric with the second opening end.

Abstract: A head assembly for a pulverized coal nozzle includes removeable wear-resistant inserts having vanes. The vanes may be flat or curved to direct a stream of air and pulverized solid fuel particles from the inlet port toward the outlet port. The curved vanes curve in two dimensions to evenly distribute the stream of air and pulverized solid fuel away from the outer surfaces reducing wear and corrosion. The pipe elbow has a removable cover that allows for easy access. The vanes are attached to a wear-resistant replaceable liner thus allowing them to be easily removed and replaced. The wear-resistant liner may be made from several parts for ease of removal and replacement.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting annular corrugations in an interior surface of a cylindrical tube having a cutter head comprising a plurality of cutting teeth; a drive shaft coupled to the cutter head for spinning the cutter head; a mandrel coupled to the cutter head, wherein the mandrel defines a longitudinal axis, wherein an axis of rotation of the cutter head is parallel to, but in a position not coaxial with the axis of rotation of the cutter head; an outer eccentric coupled to mandrel, wherein the outer eccentric rotates the mandrel, wherein the axis of rotation orbits around the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An improved opening for a metal faucet has an outlet neck having an opening with an outer threaded section at an outer edge and a curved stopping ring at the opening, the stopping ring having a rounded surface at an inner edge. The improved opening for a metal faucet which does not have any sharp edge and provide smooth water flows.