Abstract: A steering gear includes a housing defining a chamber. A piston divides the chamber into first and second chamber portions. The piston is moveable along a linear axis relative to the housing upon pressurization of fluid in one of the first and second chamber portions. A pressure relief vents pressurized fluid from one of the first and second chamber portions to one other of the first and second chamber portions upon movement of the piston to a predetermined position. The pressure relief assembly includes a first valve at a first end of the pressure relief assembly and a second valve at a second end of the pressure relief assembly. The pressure relief assembly is axially movable relative to the piston to adjust the position of the first valve and the second valve relative to the piston.

Abstract: A storage container for hydrocarbon fluid includes a mixing device having a sacrificial coating to protect against abrasion of the protective coating along the container wall during mixing.

Abstract: Method of remanufacturing a component comprising: removing a damaged area of a cast iron component, the remaining component constituting a cast iron base; depositing molten particles on the cast iron base to form a pool of agglomerated molten particles, wherein the pool comprises aluminum and at least one of nickel, cobalt, chromium, silicon, or iron; cooling the pool to form a solid intermediate layer; and depositing solid particles on the solid intermediate layer to form an outer layer, wherein the solid particles comprise steel. Additionally, a component comprising: a cast iron base; an intermediate layer covering at least a portion of the cast iron base, wherein the intermediate layer comprises aluminum and at least one of nickel, cobalt, chromium, silicon, or iron; and an outer layer covering the intermediate layer, wherein the outer layer comprises steel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a multi-part piston (10, 110) for an internal combustion engine, comprising the following method steps: producing an upper piston part (11) and a lower piston part (12), each having an inner support element (22, 26; 122, 126) having joining surfaces (24, 28; 124, 128) and an outer support element (23, 27; 123, 127) having joining surfaces (25, 29; 125, 129), applying a high-temperature solder material in the area of at least one joining surface (24, 28 or 25, 29; 124, 128 or 125, 129), assembling the upper piston part (11) and the lower piston part (12) to form a piston body by establishing a contact between the joining surfaces (24, 28 or 25, 29; 124, 128 or 125, 129), placing the piston body in a vacuum furnace and evacuating the vacuum furnace; heating the piston body at a pressure of at most 10?2 mbar to a soldering temperature of at most 1300° C.

Abstract: A multilayer lubrication coating film is formed on the outer surface of an object to be coated. The multilayer lubrication coating film comprises a lower-layer coating film formed on an outer surface of the object to be coated, and an upper-layer coating film formed on a surface of the lower-layer coating film. The lower-layer coating film has a higher Vickers hardness than the Vickers hardness of the object to be coated.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which an anodic oxidation coating film is formed on all or a portion of a wall that faces a combustion chamber, wherein the anodic oxidation coating film has a structure that is provided with a bonding region in which each of hollow cells forming the coating film is bonded to the adjacent hollow cells, and a nonbonding region in which three or more adjacent hollow cells are not bonded to each other, and wherein a porosity of the anodic oxidation coating film is determined by a first void present in the hollow cell and a second void that forms the nonbonding region.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a piston base material including a pair of skirt portions opposed to each other in a radial direction of the piston base material. The piston includes a multiple-layer coating formed on at least one of surfaces of the pair of skirt portions. The piston further includes marks provided to respective layers of the multiple-layer coating at locations different from each other.

Abstract: Exemplary power cell assemblies and methods of making the same are disclosed. An exemplary power cell assembly may include a piston crown and connecting rod. In an exemplary illustration, a power cell assembly includes a piston crown having a ringland extending circumferentially about a combustion bowl. The boss portions may each include inwardly extending shoulders defining arcuate crown running surfaces. The power cell assembly may further include a connecting rod having a shank and an upper end received in a cavity of the crown. The upper end of the connecting rod may define arcuate connecting rod running surfaces extending away from the shank. The crown running surfaces and connecting rod running surfaces generally allow the connecting rod to pivot with respect to the piston crown about an axis of rotation that extends from one of the boss portions to the other of the boss portions.

Abstract: A method of producing a piston includes a step of producing a naked piston having the skirt portion; a step of forming the skirt portion with streaks; a step of applying a skirt portion of the s naked piston with a first film forming paint which is provided for producing the inner solid lubricant film; a step of heating the first film forming paint on the skirt portion at a temperature of 60° C. to 160° C. for a time less than 800 seconds to dry the same; a step of applying an outer surface of the dried first film forming paint with a second film forming paint which is provided for producing the outer solid lubricant film; and a step of heating the first and second film forming paints on the skirt portion at a temperature of 160° C. to 240° C. for a time of 15 minutes to 180 minutes.

Abstract: A piston allowing a lubrication layer of a resin coating with a low friction coefficient to be tightly adhered to a skirt portion of a piston for an internal combustion engine, with low friction, superior wear resistance, and superior anti-seizing properties and that can reduce wear of a cylinder inner wall even if the lubrication layer is peeled off or abraded, is provided. Metal or ceramic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 20 ?m to 400 ?m are injected with compressed air or compressed nitrogen as a mixture fluid onto the skirt portion of the piston, made of an aluminum alloy and produced by a method such as casting or forging, at an injection speed of 80 m/s or more or an injection pressure of 0.2 MPa or more to be collided with the skirt portion, thereby uniformly making a microstructure of a piston base material fine-grained in a depth range of 1 ?m to 15 ?m from a surface of the skirt portion and forming a modified layer with an activated surface.

Abstract: Exemplary connecting rods and methods of making a connecting rod are disclosed. A method of making a connecting rod may include the step of providing a connecting rod blank, where the connecting rod blank includes a crankshaft end and a piston pin end. The method may further include forming a crankshaft pin recess in the crankshaft end of the connecting rod blank and a piston pin recess in the piston pin end, and forming at least one lubrication recess in the piston pin end of the connecting rod blank. The lubrication recess and the piston pin recess may both formed concurrently.

Abstract: A piston assembly including a piston body having a crown and a skirt, the skirt including at least a major thrust face and a minor thrust face, wherein the piston body defines a bore between the major thrust face and the minor thrust face, and a wear coating applied to the major thrust face and the minor thrust face, the wear coating having a cured thickness of at least about 30 microns.

Abstract: An internal combustion piston comprises a modified layer produced by a surface treatment including injecting injection powders having a diameter of 20 ?m to 400 ?m and containing a reinforcing element to be collided with a surface of the internal combustion piston obtained by casting and forging by injecting at an injection speed of 80 m/s or more or at an injection pressure of 0.3 MPa or more, the reinforcing element improving a strength of an alloy comprising the piston when being diffused and penetrated in the alloy, wherein by the surface treatment, oxides generated on the surface of the piston by the casting and forging are removed, and surface flaws generated on the surface are repaired, whereby the modified layer is formed to have a uniformly fine-grained metal microstructure which contains the reinforcing element in the injection powders diffused and penetrated in the vicinity of the surface of the piston and an alloy element of the alloy comprising the piston.

Abstract: A reciprocating fluid machine (2) includes pistons (32) reciprocated in respective cylinder bores (40). Each piston includes, as a lateral surface (32a) thereof, a cylindrical section (64) disposed in sliding contact with the corresponding cylinder bore with a coating layer (66) therebetween, ring groove sections (68) fitted with respective piston rings (34), and tapered sections (70) each formed between the cylindrical section and the corresponding ring groove section and inclined from the cylindrical section toward the ring groove section so as to be gradually set apart from the cylinder bore. The coating layer is also formed on each tapered section in such a manner as to be gradually set apart from the cylinder bore.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an internal combustion engine piston which is provided with at least one cooling channel (12) and at least one reinforced piston ring groove (14) consisting in producing a piston blank (1), in forming a groove (10) provided with a cooling channel (12) and an external ring (11) in said piston blank (1), in filling the cooling channel (12) with are movable material (2), in filling the external ring with a reinforcing material (3) in removing the removable material (2) and in finish-machining the piston. A piston made of aluminum alloy and produced according to the inventive method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A double-layer lubrication coating composition is made up of an upper-layer coating composition and a lower-layer coating composition. The upper-layer coating composition is made up of 50 to 70 wt % of an epoxy resin or a polyamide-imide resin, 5 to 20 wt % of boron nitride, and 15 to 30 wt % of silicone nitride or alumina. The lower-layer coating composition is made up of 50 to 70 wt % of an epoxy resin or a polyamide-imide resin, 15 to 30 wt % of polytetrafluoroethylene and 5 to 20 wt % of molybdenum disulfide and may include graphite as required.

Abstract: A method for attaching a ring element to a piston for an internal combustion engine, in which the ring element is screwed onto the piston body by a thread applied to the radially outer surface of a part of the piston crown, a circumferential groove that is open towards the top is formed into the piston crown in the region of the thread, the groove is filled with solder material, the piston is heated until the solder material liquefies and flows between the thread channels of the thread and subsequently, the piston is cooled. As a result, a secure screw connection between the basic piston body and the ring element is obtained. Furthermore, the cooling channel is sealed with regard to the combustion gases, which stand under high pressure and act on the piston crown.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piston (1) for a combustion engine, comprising hub bores (3) that are provided with plain bearing surfaces (5) and are used for accommodating a piston pin. In order to very effectively and inexpensively prevent the piston pin and the hub bores from jamming and wearing off, a self-lubricating coating (6) made of a thermally cured resin which contains embedded solid lubricant particles is applied directly to at least one subarea (Tb) of the plain bearing surfaces by means of rotary atomization.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment capable of easily improving a mechanical strength of an internal combustion piston at a reasonable cost is provided. A modified surface layer is formed by injecting injection powders containing a reinforcing element to be collided with an Al—Si alloy-based piston obtained by casting and forging by injecting under predetermined conditions, the reinforcing element being diffused and penetrated in the piston to improve the strength thereof. When a function, such as fuel modification, is imparted to the modified surface layer, an element exhibiting a photocatalytic function by oxidation, such as Ti, Sn, Zn, Zr, or W, is selected as the reinforcing element.

Abstract: A downhole pump for a well has a barrel and a plunger. The barrel has a passage extending along the length of the barrel, with the passage having an inside diameter. The plunger has an outside diameter and is received by the barrel passage for relative reciprocal movement. One of the barrel or the plunger is equipped with wear rings, with a wear ring at one or at each end. The wear rings are made of a material that is harder than the material of the respective plunger or barrel. The wear rings provide protection from abrasion, particularly in a sandy well.

Abstract: A double-layer lubrication coating composition is made up of an upper-layer coating composition and a lower-layer coating composition. The upper-layer coating composition is made up of 50 to 70 wt % of an epoxy resin or a polyamide-imide resin, 5 to 20 wt % of boron nitride, and 15 to 30 wt % of silicone nitride or alumina. The lower-layer coating composition is made up of 50 to 70 wt % of an epoxy resin or a polyamide-imide resin, 15 to 30 wt % of polytetrafluoroethylene and 5 to 20 wt % of molybdenum disulfide and may include graphite as required.

Abstract: A piston formed from an Al alloy, such as an Al—Si alloy, has wear resistant coating applied to a predetermined portion of the outer surface. The predetermined portion of the outer surface preferably includes the piston skirt. The coating includes an adhesion promoting primer layer of a silane and a polymer coating layer. The silane primer coating promotes adhesion between the Al-alloy and the polymer coating.

Abstract: A miniature cooling device includes numerous improvements capable of increasing the reliability and useful lifetime of the device, as well as improving electrical power to cooling power conversion efficiency. The improvements include a unitary DC motor shaft design that incorporates a unitary mass flywheel into the shaft element and provides a solid shaft cross-section for increasing magnetic flux density in the DC motor. Additional improvements include a bend resistant flexible vane in the DC motor to compression piston drive coupler, reduced dead space volume within the compression cylinder, improved heat dissipation by a cylinder head cover and an athermalized compressor design that provides uniformly efficient operation over a wide range of operating temperatures. Further improvements include fabrication and coating improvements that increase the life of compression piston and compression cylinder wear surfaces.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment capable of easily improving a mechanical strength of an internal combustion piston at a reasonable cost is provided. A modified surface layer is formed by injecting injection powders containing a reinforcing element to be collided with an Al—Si alloy-based piston obtained by casting and forging by injecting under predetermined conditions, the reinforcing element being diffused and penetrated in the piston to improve the strength thereof. When a function, such as fuel modification, is imparted to the modified surface layer, an element exhibiting a photocatalytic function by oxidation, such as Ti, Sn, Zn, Zr, or W, is selected as the reinforcing element.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion motor has a skirt with a surface, which is at least partially polished and thereafter coated with a coating having a hardness of greater than 8 GPa and having a coefficient of friction of less than 0.20. The piston has an increased performance, a longer lifetime and a reduced friction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piston adapted for reciprocal movement within the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. The piston includes a body having a crown formed at the uppermost margins of the body and a skirt, depending from the crown, adapted for relative sliding motion with respect to the cylinder. The piston further includes a coating bonded to the piston skirt so as to be juxtaposed between the skirt and the cylinder. The coating has a plurality of recesses formed thereon so as to define a predetermined pattern of recesses on the surface of the skirt that retains lubricant between the skirt and the cylinder wall. The coating may also direct lubricant along the outer circumference of the piston skirt during reciprocal movement of the piston within a cylinder. A method of applying the coating to the piston skirt is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming a jacketed steam distribution tube assembly includes extruding a jacketed steam distribution tube assembly in a single extruder. The jacketed steam distribution tube assembly includes an inner tube, an outer tube, and a plurality of connecting members connecting the inner tube to the outer tube. The inner tube, outer tube, and plurality of connecting members of the jacketed steam distribution tube assembly are simultaneously extruded such that the inner tube and plurality of connecting members are simultaneously extruded within the outer tube in the single extruder, thereby forming a jacketed steam distribution tube assembly having a first predetermined length. The first predetermined length of the jacketed steam distribution tube assembly is then divided into a plurality of jacketed steam distribution tube portions.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion motor has a skirt with a surface, which is at least partially polished and thereafter coated with a coating having a hardness of greater than 8 GPa and having a coefficient of friction of less than 0.20. The piston has an increased performance, a longer lifetime and a reduced friction.

Abstract: Pistons reciprocating in cylinders of a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine tend to trap air and unburned fuel between the top of the piston head and its enclosing cylinder wall. The circumferential side surface (or land) of the piston head above its upper piston ring groove is provided with a thin coating of porous aluminum oxide. Particles of an oxidation catalyst for the engine's fuel are electrolytically deposited in the pores of the oxide coating. During engine operation the oxide-supported catalyst particles promote combustion of the entrained fuel.

Abstract: Pistons reciprocating in cylinders of a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine tend to trap air and unburned fuel between the top of the piston head and its enclosing cylinder wall. The circumferential side surface (or land) of the piston head above its upper piston ring groove is provided with a thin coating of porous aluminum oxide. Particles of an oxidation catalyst for the engine's fuel are electrolytically deposited in the pores of the oxide coating. During engine operation the oxide-supported catalyst particles promote combustion of the entrained fuel.

Abstract: A member for an internal combustion engine, such as a piston, a valve and a fuel injection valve. The member includes a substrate. A carbon-based coating film is formed on the substrate to cover at least a part of a region of the substrate to which region fuel for the internal combustion engine is contactable. The carbon-based coating film contains fluorine and has a thickness of 10 ?m or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piston adapted for reciprocal movement within the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. The piston includes a body having a crown formed at the uppermost margins of the body and a skirt, depending from the crown, adapted for relative sliding motion with respect to the cylinder. The piston further includes a coating bonded to the piston skirt so as to be juxtaposed between the skirt and the cylinder. The coating has a plurality of recesses formed thereon so as to define a predetermined pattern of recesses on the surface of the skirt that retains lubricant between the skirt and the cylinder wall. The coating may also direct lubricant along the outer circumference of the piston skirt during reciprocal movement of the piston within a cylinder. A method of applying the coating to the piston skirt is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piston for a diesel engine comprising a combustion cavity. The piston crown and the cavity are plasma-sprayed with a coating. The aim of the invention is to produce the coating in a cost-effective manner. To achieve this, the layer thickness of the coating is uneven, being thicker in the border region of the cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a piston or piston head with a combustion relief (6) for an internal combustion engine. The aim of the invention is to easily and economically produce pistons having a reduced tendency to scale at the edge of the combustion relief. To this end, the piston is formed from a cylindrical unmachined part (1) made of steel, whereby the rod section has at least one front face (2). The method is characterized by the following steps: A) forming an annulary encircling recess (3) in the front face (2); B) introducing additional material (4) into the recess (3); connecting the additional material (4) to the steel of the unmachined part (1) in an at least partially non-positive manner; C) forging the unmachined part (1), which is formed according to steps A) and B), into a piston blank (5), and; D) machining the piston blank (5) into a piston (10) that is ready to be installed in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hollow piston for variable displacement swash plate compressors of air conditioning systems is disclosed. This method produces a desired hollow piston by separately forming a body and a cap and by simply machining the body and the cap prior to simply welding the body and the cap together into a single structure through a frictional welding process. This method thus remarkably simplifies the pre-welding machining process. In the frictional welding process, the body and the cap are welded together into a single structure by simply and relatively rotating the body and the cap while forcing them toward each other under atmospheric air at room temperature. The frictional welding process is thus accomplished using a simple welding machine, thereby reducing the equipment cost while producing the hollow pistons. The frictional welding process is also free from oxidizing the welded portions of a resulting hollow piston, and so the resulting piston does not have micro pores in its structure.

Abstract: A piston production method produces an internal combustion engine piston. The method comprises forging a billet from an initial billet comprising an aluminum alloy that comprises silicon, intermetallic particles, and injected hardening particles, the forging is conducted under at least one of super-plasticity and hot deformation conditions; and heat treating the forged billet. The forging comprises forging at a temperature in a range from about 0.8 Tmelt to about 0.98 Tmelt. The forging also comprises forging at a STRAIN rate in a range from about 5×10−2 s−1 to about 5×10−5 s−1. The piston being formed with a configuration that enables other as parts to be connected to the piston. The initial billet comprises at least one of: coarse grain silicon, intermetallic particles, and injected hardening particles having at least one of a lamellar, comprehensive shape, and fine grain silicon, intermetallic particles, and injected hardening particles being globular in shape.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy brake disc body for a disc brake device is provided with a metal layer of a high wear-resistance. The high wear-resistance metal layer is configured to reduce thermal stresses within the aluminum alloy brake disc body so as to inhibit warping, bending or flexing of the brake disc when heated during braking. The high wear-resistant metal layer also is applied to the aluminum alloy brake disc body in a manner reducing manufacturing costs. In one mode, a plating layer made of a metal having a high wear-resistance is formed on a frictional surface of an aluminum alloy brake disc body. Cracks in the form of a fine network are formed in the whole area of the plating layer. The cracks can be formed by a plating process, by nitrosulphurization, by heating, by burnishing or by use of the plated component. The cracks advantageously provide for expansion between the individual metal fragments and, thus, create an expandable plated wear surface.

Abstract: To provide an aluminum alloy member having a high machinability while keeping a sufficient mechanical strength and a sufficient wear resistance, and a method of producing the aluminum alloy member. In an aluminum alloy member formed from an aluminum-silicon alloy by casting, eutectic silicon grains are exposed from at least part of an exposed plane of the aluminum alloy member. A coating layer having a thickness nearly equal to or thinner than a diameter of each of the eutectic silicon grains is formed on the exposed plane from which the eutectic silicon grains are exposed.