Abstract: A cutter assembly for use in a shaver for shaving hair from the skin of a user includes a casing formed with a static blade configuration and a static bearing surface removed from the static blade configuration. Mounted within the casing is a moving cutter, which has a number of blades and a bearing surface formed to complement the static bearing surface. A spring element biases the moving cutter against the casing so that the complementary bearing surface slides against the static bearing surface, this sliding corresponding to a shearing cutting action of the moving blades relative to the static blade configuration. This reduces the frictional heating between the blades. Also described is a static blade configuration in which extended open-ended slots are reinforcement by transverse support ribs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shaving apparatus comprising a housing (1) and at least one hair-cutting member (6). In order to prevent a user from irritating and injuring the skin during shaving, as far as possible, the shaving apparatus comprises means for warning the user when a given preset force is exceeded. The means can be, for example, one or more sensors which measure the force between the hair-cutting member and the housing during shaving. The sensor can be, for example, a Hall sensor (21), which is secured to the housing and which cooperates with an annular magnet (19), which is secured to a coupling pin (11) for driving the rotary hair-cutting member (6). The invention can also be used in wet-shavers.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a dry shaving apparatus, with a housing portion (21) provided on the housing (1) in which at least two latch elements (29) are arranged, with at least one spring (31) as well as with a frame (20) carrying at least one outer cutter (18) and providing at least two coupling elements (28). For controlling the latch elements (29), at least one slidably arranged control member is provided.

Abstract: In a shaving apparatus (1) comprising a housing (2) and a shaving head (10) with a shaving-head frame (12) and a foil frame (31) which can be locked thereto the two transverse side walls (15, 16) of the shaving-head frame (12) are extended relative to the two transverse side walls (35, 36) of the foil frame (31) in a direction towards the housing (2) of the shaving apparatus (1) by a wall extension (61, 62), and on each wall extension (61, 62) a latch (65, 66), which extends substantially in the direction of the wall extension (61, 62), is supported so as to be movable transversely of the wall extension (61, 62) against spring force to provide positive locking of the foil frame (31) in the shaving-head frame (12).

Abstract: A shaving apparatus is provided which comprises a housing having a shaving head carrying an external shaving member with hair-entry apertures and an internal shaving member which is coupled to a motor in the housing and which is drivable relative to the external shaving member with a combined movement, the combined movement comprising an oscillatory rotation about an axis of rotation of the internal shaving member and a reciprocating movement in the direction of the axis of rotation. The internal shaving member is provided with a support which is flexible in the direction of the axis of rotation but which is stiff in directions transverse to said direction of the axis of rotation, and the support rotatably supports an internal shaving-member holder which is coupled to the motor.

Abstract: A dry shaver has a flat casing mounting a flat cutter head composed of an outer shear foil and an inner cutter assembly. The inner cutter assembly is driven by a flat motor accommodated within the casing to reciprocate in hair shearing engagement with the outer shear foil. A flat and elongated battery is disposed within the casing over substantially the entire length thereof in side-by-side relation to the flat motor. The motor has a length shorter than the battery and is disposed in the casing with its lower end in substantially the same level as that of the battery so as to define above the motor a space which extends into an upper center portion from one lateral side of the casing. The flat motor has an output rotor shaft extending upwardly into the space for coupling thereat to an output rotor shaft.

Abstract: A shaving unit for a shaver is provided comprising a shear plate and a cutting member, one of the cooperating surfaces being covered with a friction-reducing layer comprising carbon and metal in an atomic ratio between 50.1/49.9 and 99.9/0.1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a rotary type electric razor which includes an arch-shaped external cutting edge detachably mounted on an upper side of a main body case, an internal cutting edge driving unit supported for free vertical movement with respect to the main body case, and a motor speed detecting means provided within the main body case. The internal cutting edge driving unit comprises a rotary internal cutting edge which rotates in sliding contact with respect to the internal face of the external cutting edge, an internal cutting edge driving chassis for rotatably supporting the rotary internal cutting edge, a motor mounted on the internal cutting edge driving chassis, and a drive transmitting means for transmitting the output of the motor to the rotary internal cutting edge. The motor speed detecting means comprises a rotary member mounted to the output shaft of the motor, and a photosensor opposite the rotary member.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electric dry shaving apparatus with a housing, a movably carried shaving head, a shaving assembly including at least one circular upper cutter and rotary lower cutter and having its axis of rotation at right angles to a shearing plane extending parallel to the outer surface of the upper cutter. The movable shaving head axis of symmetry intersects the shearing plane in any direction in the geometric center of the shaving assemblies. The geometric center is provided as the stationary pole.

Abstract: A cutting unit for a shaving apparatus, which cutting unit comprises a cutting head with hair entrance apertures and a drivable cutting member, the hair entrance apertures being separated by dams which extend substantially transversely to the direction of driving. The dams are constructed with a profile which is asymmetrical in cross-section and has a thickness which increases in the direction of driving.

Abstract: An electric shaving apparatus comprises at least one drivable shaving member, a first housing section which accommodates the drive mechanism for the shaving member and a detachable second housing section which accommodates an electric power source, for example a rechargeable battery, a switching device, which comprises an actuating member, being arranged in an electric circuit which also includes the drive mechanism and the power source and a contact member. The actuating member is arranged on a wall of the first housing section and is detachably coupled to the contact member in the second housing section by mechanical means.

Abstract: In a box-type plastic frame having longitudinal strut portions in which a vaulted shearing foil is embedded and transverse strut portions made of a resilient material in order to facilitate the insertion of the plastic frame shearing foil unit into a shearing head casing member.

Abstract: In a dry-shaving apparatus comprising a slidable shutter (3) for optionally covering or exposing a shear foil of the dry-shaving apparatus an arm (15) of a slide (14) for actuating a switch (11) in the motor circuit extends in the path of the shutter end which is remote from the shear foil when the shutter is moved away from the shear foil to expose the shear foil for the purpose of shaving, the free end of said arm being elastically deflectable transversely of the direction of movement of the shutter to interlock with the shutter end, so that upon a further movement of the shutter away from the shear foil the slide is moved via the arm and the switch is actuated.

Abstract: A self-contained electric shaver capable of being used with water and powered from either a main or a reserve rechargeable battery comprises a housing having thereon a shaving head and accommodating therein the main and reserve rechargeable batteries. The housing also accommodates a motor drivingly connected to the shaving head for effecting a hair shearing operation. Terminal pins adapted to be connected to an external battery charger for feeding an electric charging current to the batteries extend in a sealed manner through respective apertures formed in the lower end wall of the housing. At least one drain pipe extends in a sealed manner through a vent hole also formed in the lower end wall for passing out of the housing the gas discharged from the batteries upon charging thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus such as a dry shaver comprises a housing formed by two opposing housing sections accommodating an electric motor therewithin. A first outwardly extending mounting rim and a second outwardly extending mounting rim are provided on the electric motor, the second mounting rim being spaced from the first mounting rim. The first and second mounting rims engage the two housing sections and axially retain a part of each housing section therebetween. An axially directed edge portion is provided along the periphery of the first mounting rim and engages the two housing sections to radially retain the same therebetween.

Abstract: An inner cutter for a dry shaver is formed from a tube of hardenable steel which is slotted transversely to form a series of bridge members on which individual teeth are formed by shallow annular grooves which locally reduce the thickness of the bridge members.

Abstract: A disposable hair clipping head assembly adapted for attachment to an electric clipper is disclosed. The assembly is characterized by a novel two-piece construction including fixed and movable members formed of synthetic plastic material. The fixed member includes a base and an integral spring having a portion thereof extending in parallel spaced relation from the base. One edge of the fixed member base contains a plurality of teeth. The movable member is arranged between the spring and base of the fixed member, with the spring serving to retain the movable member which is adapted for reciprocal movement relative to the base. One edge of the movable member also contains a plurality of teeth which are arranged adjacent the teeth of the fixed member. The fixed member also includes a pair of lugs integrally connected with the spring, the lugs being adapted for interlocking attachment to the electric clipper.

Abstract: An electric shaver comprising a housing, a shaving head projecting from an upper end of the housing, a shaving blade having a front shaving edge extending laterally along a front end of the head, a comb having a number of combing teeth arranged laterally side by side and positioned below the front shaving edge of the shaving blade, and an edge cover provided above the shaving blade for abutting against skin when the shaver is in use to regulate, together with the comb, an angle which the edge of the shaving blade makes with respect to the skin. A front edge of the edge cover, the front shaving edge of the shaving blade, and a front end of the comb are aligned substantially on a straight line in a plane perpendicularly cutting the front end of the edge cover, the front shaving edge of the shaving blade and the front end of the comb.

Abstract: An outer blade for electric shavers having hair inlet apertures the peripheral side wall of respective which is undulated including cove-like retreating parts and headland-like projecting parts, and the projecting parts are sloped at a smaller angle of inclination than that of the retreating parts for positive raise and introduction specifically of long hair into the apertures.

Abstract: A comb assembly for an electric dry shaver is provided with a perforated central comb panel and two end comb panels disposed adjacent the edges of the central comb panel and having long hair slots. The end panels and the central comb panels are separately fabricated from stock materials of different predetermined thicknesses and assembled to form an accurate and smoothly interfitting comb assembly. Thus, the thickness of the central comb panel is determined independent of the end comb panel thickness. The central comb panel, fabricated from a stock material of a uniformly thinner thickness than that of the end panels, requires no grinding in the fabrication of the comb and thus results in a more uniform thinner comb than obtained with grinding operations.

Abstract: A method for the controlled generation and amplification of electromagnetic waves and systems utilizing these waves are disclosed. An incident electromagnetic wave of a given frequency stimulates a beam of moving charged particles to radiate in a polarizable medium. The resulting electromagnetic radiation is emitted intensively in highly directional shock waves of narrow-frequency bands about controllable frequencies that are in general substantially different from that of the incident wave. The energy of the radiation so produced can be substantially greater than that of the incident wave. The additional energy is supplied by the moving chaged-particle beam. The method leads to new and novel frequency-transferred wave sources and radiation amplifiers applicable to communication systems, to more efficient laser pumping systems, and to new laser systems, called frequency transducers.