Abstract: A subject information acquisition unit of a mammary gland amount calculation unit acquires the thickness and the mammary gland amount of the breast based on a low voltage image. An absorption coefficient acquisition unit acquires an absorption coefficient of fat and an absorption coefficient of mammary gland with reference to the relationship between the thickness of the breast and the X-ray absorption coefficient, which is calculated in advance according to the energy distribution and the substance forming the breast. A calculation unit calculates a new thickness and a new mammary gland amount of the breast based on the low voltage image, a high voltage image, a tube voltage at the time of imaging, the absorption coefficient of fat, and the absorption coefficient of mammary gland.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the angular velocity of a railway vehicle circulating on a track, the vehicle including an inertial unit including at least one angular velocity sensor, the method including measuring an instantaneous angular velocity provided by the sensor, determining the bias of the angular velocity measured around at least one axis, the velocity bias being taken as equal to the value of the angular velocity measured around this axis when the measured angular velocity is substantially constant for a predetermined period, and calculating the evaluated angular velocity, by subtracting from the measured angular velocity, the previously determined velocity bias.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating vehicle states, such as vehicle roll-rate, vehicle roll angle, vehicle lateral velocity and vehicle yaw-rate, for use in rollover reduction. The system includes an extended Kalman filter observer responsive to a steering angle signal, a yaw-rate signal, a roll-rate signal, a speed signal and a lateral acceleration signal that calculates an estimated yaw-rate signal, an estimated roll-rate, an estimated roll angle and an estimated lateral velocity. The system also includes a lateral velocity estimation processor responsive to the roll-rate signal, the estimated roll angle signal, the estimated lateral velocity signal and the lateral acceleration signal that calculates a modified lateral velocity estimation signal when the vehicle is operating in a non-linear region.

Abstract: An automatic switching system integrated into freight cars includes a microcomputer for controlling the automatic system and regulating the shunting speed, a rotary pulse generator for determining the shunting distance and freight car speed, distance sensors for detecting the distance to and difference in speed relative to cars in front, an automatic coupling, a brake system for controlling the speed of the freight cars in the shunting zone and precise target braking on the sorting tracks and a data transmission devices for information exchange with a superordinated control station. The automatic switching system integrated into the freight cars makes it possible to decouple the freight cars by remote control, to precisely control the shunting speed, to maintain a minimum distance between the sections for safe setting of the switches, to automatically reduce speed by braking and re-coupling on the sorting tracks as well as to conduct a remote-monitored freight car diagnosis and brake test.