Abstract: There is provided an electromagnetic switch, for a starter, that is capable of preventing a defect caused by the formation of a leakage circuit between the battery terminal and the motor terminal, even in the case where the electromagnetic switch is flooded with water. On the outer surface of a switch cap, there is provided a diaphragm disposed between the battery terminal and the motor terminal that are arranged in such a way as to be exposed outside the switch cap; the diaphragm is formed in such a way that a wall face thereof that faces one terminal, out of the battery terminal and the motor terminal, which is disposed upper than the other terminal has a protrusive shape.

Abstract: A vehicular electric power source controller that controls the electrification of an electrical load mounted in a vehicle includes: a first electrical load that are a portion of the electrical load mounted in the vehicle; a second electrical load that are electrified preferentially over first electrical loads when a vehicle is parked; an electric power source-switching ECU, an ACC relay and an IG relay that switch not only the electrification of the first electrical load to but also the electrification of the second electrical load; and an electric power source management ECU, a parked state ACC relay and a parked state IG relay that switch the electrification of only the second electrical load. The vehicular electric power source controller curbs wasteful electricity consumption while operating an electrical load that is used while the vehicle is parked.

Abstract: An electrical supply and starting system for a motor vehicle has a variable-voltage on-board electrical system that can be operated by two different DC voltages for supplying the motor vehicle, and having a motor/generator system that operates as a generator to deliver electrical energy to the on-board electrical system of the motor vehicle, and operates for starting an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A device for supplying an ignition current from an energy reserve to at least one ignition power module, a voltage regulator being provided between the energy reserve and the at least one ignition power module, setting a voltage on the at least one ignition power module at a predetermined level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for securing the operation of a voltage-holding device (DMT) used for starting or restarting the heat engine of a vehicle, said device being electrically connected by a multiplex network (12) to an electric machine (10) and to a monitoring computer (4). According to the invention, the DMT can be activated only if it has previously received an activation authorisation message (16, 18), which can be a starting or restarting (16) message, sent by said computer (14) to said electric machine (10) and to said voltage holding device (DMT), or a message (18) transmitted by said electric machine (10) indicating it is about to restart the heat engine.

Abstract: A starter driving semiconductor switch apparatus energizes and de-energizes a starter according to a command from an outside. A series circuit to which semiconductor switches are connected in series is provided between a battery serving as a power supply and the starter. The starter is energized by bringing all the semiconductor switches into conduction. A voltage or a current at a predetermined point in the series circuit is monitored to make a self-diagnosis on whether the starter is allowed to start and whether there is a failure in the semiconductor switches according to a monitor output. The starter driving semiconductor switch apparatus is thus expected to have a longer useful life by energizing the starter not by using mechanical contacts but by using semiconductor switches.

Abstract: An engine start system for use with a ground engaging vehicle, the system including an input device, a processing circuit, a display and an engine controller unit. The input device produces a signal when depressed, the signal initiates the application of electrical power to the engine start system. The processing circuit is activated by the application of electrical power thereto. The display is communicatively coupled with the processing circuit. The input device produces another signal when depressed. The other signal is detected by the processing circuit and the processing circuit, in response to the other signal, sends either a PIN request notice to the display or a start signal to the engine controller unit.

Abstract: An automatic transmission calculates a current thermal load state of the frictional element, predicts (S24, 531), prior to the start of the shift, a heat generation amount of the frictional element during the shift, predicts (S25, S32) a thermal load state of the frictional element upon shift completion on the basis of the current thermal load state and the predicted heat generation amount, and when the predicted thermal load state upon shift completion is inside a predetermined region, either performs (S28, S38) the shift after modifying a shift mode such that the heat generation amount of the frictional element is smaller than that of a case in which the predicted thermal load state upon shift completion is outside the predetermined region, or prohibits (S39) the shift, wherein the predetermined region is set at a different region depending on whether the shift is an upshift or a downshift.

Abstract: An electric power controller for a vehicle with stop-start system is provided to prevent electric energy from being decreased in a power capacitor when an engine is in an idle-stop state. The engine is in the idle-stop state by idle-stop control means, the transfer of the electric energy between the power capacitor and a vehicle-mounted battery is stopped by power control means connected between the power capacitor and the vehicle-mounted battery.

Abstract: A method of controlling a hybrid vehicle with an engine, a battery, and at least one motor generator. System efficiencies of each of several candidate driving states are calculated. Calculating efficiency when the battery is discharged uses power of the engine Pfuel, power drawn from the battery Pb,out, and required driving power Pdemand. Calculating efficiency when the battery is charged uses Pfuel, Pdemand, and power charged to the battery Pb,in. Pb,out is calculated using a real battery discharge power Pb,out,real, a battery discharge energy efficiency ?bd, a historic efficiency ?b,pwr of energy loss when the battery is charged, and a correction coefficient SOCcorrection for controlling the battery charge amount. Pb,in is calculated using real battery charge power Pb,in,real, battery charge energy efficiency ?bc, ?bd, and efficiency ?in,pwr when power is consumed in the future. The driving state with the highest efficiency is then selected.

Abstract: An engine starting device includes an ignition switch configured to cause turning-on and off of a main power source line connecting a power source for a vehicle and an engine control unit (ECU). The ignition switch includes a stationary contact and a movable contact that is rotatable relative to the stationary contact. The stationary contact includes a main contact configured to be connected to a power source input section of the ECU and a starter contact configured to be connected to a starter. The engine starting device also includes a relay provided on a sub power source line that is connected in parallel to the main power source line, the relay connecting the power source of the vehicle and a sub power source input section of the ECU, the relay being excited by the start of the ECU and providing electric continuity between the power source and the ECU.

Abstract: An electric parking brake system includes an electric parking brake mechanism that includes a brake which suppresses rotation of a wheel and an electric motor which applies or releases the brake, and that maintains a vehicle at a standstill while the brake is applied. A parking switch selectively outputs an application command for applying the brake and a release command for releasing the brake in response to an operation of an operating portion for the parking switch. A parking switch malfunction determination unit determines whether the parking switch malfunctions, and a parking brake automatic control unit automatically applies the brake by operating the electric motor when an ignition switch of the vehicle is turned off in response to an operation of an operating portion for the ignition switch, in a case where the parking switch malfunction determination unit determines that the parking switch malfunctions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motor vehicle control device data transfer system and process. In particular, it relates to such a system and process for the transfer of data, subject to the risk of tampering, from a central data-processing device (12) at the motor vehicle manufacturer's to a motor vehicle data-processing device (5), such as an electronic drive engine control device, in which tamper-free data transfer is guaranteed. In this connection, an authentication enquiry value is generated by the vehicle data-processing device (5) and transferred to the central data-processing device (12) by means of a mobile data-processing device (9). This generates an authentication response value, which is transferred back by the same route with release data.

Abstract: A power generation system and method uses a constant frequency generator to generate electrical power in a generate mode. When operating in a start mode, the constant frequency generator is controlled by a motor controller which at least partially controls another component while the system is in a generate mode. The power generation system and method can be implemented in, for example, an aircraft electrical architecture.

Abstract: An electromagnetic switch is described as including a starter relay, in particular, for an electrical starter motor for controlling a starter pinion when starting an internal combustion engine, having a housing, an armature electromagnetically controllable therein, for controlling a control lever, and having a flexible protective cap which seals a transition from the housing to the armature, the protective cap being developed to be pot-shaped and having a pot floor and a pot opening, the pot floor having a circular opening having a thickened ring for the form-locking connection to the armature, and the pot opening being developed reinforced at its circumferential edge for the form-locking connection to the housing, the pot floor having a setpoint bending region, as seen in cross section. In order to create a small installation space, the protective cap has an arrangement or structure, on its inner wall, for connecting to the housing, which are able to be connected to the housing in a form-locking manner.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system includes a key detector that detects whether an ignition key is in an on state, a control portion that outputs different control signals according to whether the engine is on if the key is on, and a valve, such as a solenoid valve, that controls gear shifts according to the control signals from the control portion. A hydraulic control method includes determining whether an ignition key is on; determining whether an engine is on or off if the key is on; and controlling a valve, such as a solenoid valve, that controls gear shifts, differently depending on whether the engine is on or off, such as by applying different duty values to the valve. A low duty value may be applied to the valve when the engine is off, and a higher duty value may be applied to the valve when the engine is on.

Abstract: A terminal state of a terminal 15 of a vehicle is enabled to be maintained for a minimum period of time even after a drop in the voltage supply. At the same time other loads are to have no effect on the holding time. A control device for controls access to a vehicle and has a voltage source, a voltage supply terminal to which a supply voltage can be applied, and a holding circuit to which the voltage source and the voltage supply terminal are connected in a common circuit point for the purpose of holding an On state for as long as the voltage at the voltage source does not fall below a predetermined value. A switching element that is connected into the circuit between the voltage supply terminal and the common circuit point serves to separate the common circuit point from the supply voltage. The holding time is thus decoupled from the VCC currents drawn by other loads.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolating switch system. The isolating switch system includes an isolating switch for interrupting a main line running between an electric power source and an electric consumer. The isolation switch is controlled in dependence on an ignition switch. The isolating switch system includes a signal generating unit, a signal detector unit and a signal processing unit. The signal generating device generates an electric signal that can be fed to the electric consumer and conducted to the ignition switch. The electric signal, in dependence on a switching state of the ignition switch can be conducted to the signal detector unit via a conduction path. The signal processing unit, upon detection of the electric signal, causes the isolation switching system to open or close the main circuit line. The electric signal generated by the signal generating unit is a pulsed signal.

Abstract: The dual type vehicle power-supply apparatus includes a bidirectional power transmission unit capable of performing bidirectional electric power transmission between a high voltage source of a high power-supply voltage supply system and a low voltage source of a low power-supply voltage supply system, and a power transmission controller controlling the bidirectional power transmission unit to perform the bidirectional electric power transmission. The power transmission controller has a function of detecting a surplus amount of electric power in the low power-supply voltage supply system, a function of detecting a shortage amount of electric power in the high power-supply voltage supply system, and a function of commanding the bidirectional power transmission unit to transmit electric power from the low voltage source to the high voltage source by an mount equal to the detected shortage amount when the detected surplus amount is larger than the detected shortage amount.

Abstract: A motorcycle with reduced fuel consumption. A centrifugal clutch intermittently transfers torque from an engine to a drive wheel in accordance with engine speed. A brake lock switch regulates the engine speed. When the brake lock switch is off, engine start inhibition control is executed. When the brake lock switch is on, engine speed regulation control is executed to prevent engagement of the centrifugal clutch.

Abstract: The security system provides an aircraft security system capable of protecting both single and multiple engine aircraft. Variations of the present system prevent unauthorized starting of protected aircraft and activate an alarm when engine starting it is attempted. Embodiments of the system draw no power from the aircraft when the security system is armed and in no way interferes with the normal starting or operation of the aircraft when the system is disarmed. Embodiments of the present system can activate an alarm when an aircraft's doors or panels are opened. Embodiments of the present invention can activate an alarm when installed equipment or other devices are tampered with or removed from their housings.

Abstract: A slot device for holding a portable device that communicates with a controller installed in a vehicle. The slot device includes a retainer for retaining the portable device, a shutter for closing the retainer, and a spring received in a spring receptacle for urging the shutter to close the retainer. The spring is supported in an inclined state to contact the inner surface of the spring receptacle and prevent vibrations and noise.

Abstract: A power-down control method of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle includes determining an operation mode when a key-off command is input. If the mode is a fuel cell mode, the method includes: converting a low voltage DC-DC converter connected to an auxiliary battery to a boost mode; maintaining a driving state of a high voltage part, powered by voltage from the auxiliary battery and boosted by the low voltage DC-DC converter; subsequently stopping operation of a fuel cell stack and turning off the high voltage part; and subsequently turning off the low voltage DC-DC converter. If the mode is a hybrid mode, the method includes: maintaining a driving state of the high voltage part, powered by voltage from a super capacitor; subsequently stopping operation of the fuel cell stack and turning off the high voltage part; subsequently turning off the DC-DC converters; and subsequently cutting power of the super capacitor.

Abstract: A power supply device of the present invention includes a switching element and a switch that operate so that when a primary DC voltage source of the device is in a voltage drop state, the power of a secondary auxiliary voltage source thereof is mixed with the power of the DC voltage source in a balanced manner and supplied to a load. This structure can reduce the maxim amount of power storage necessary for the auxiliary voltage source and thus the number of power storage elements necessary for the auxiliary voltage source. Thus, a smaller power supply device can be provided.

Abstract: A cruise control device has an activation device embodied as a key button. By activating the activation device it is possible to transfer the cruise control device, from a switched off operating state to a switched on standby operating state, and by a further activation of the activation device it is possible to transfer the cruise control device from the standby operating state to a switched on control operating state. The cruise control device has a storage device storing a state of the cruise control device immediately before the motor vehicle is switched off and a readout device which reads out the stored state of the cruise control device immediately after the motor vehicle is switched on. If the cruise control device had a switched on operating state immediately before the ignition device is last switched off, the cruise control device is transferred automatically to the standby operating state.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for starting an engine in a vehicle, the engine including a starter, the vehicle including a plurality of energy storage devices electrically coupled to the starter. One example method comprises, during a first charging condition, electrically coupling the plurality of energy storage devices in parallel to each other; and during a second discharging condition, electrically coupling the plurality of energy storage devices in series to each other and to the starter to actuate the starter and rotate the engine.

Abstract: Provided is a device mounted contactor and a method of reducing continuous charge distribution, especially in a vehicle. The contactor includes a housing, and a plurality of power terminals. The device may further include a conductance shield and support structure extending from the housing. Situated at least partially in the housing is a switch, which is capable of electrically coupling at least two of the plurality of power terminals. One or more electrically insulative covers may be provided. The contactor may also provide a fused accessory terminal, which is electrically coupled to one of the power terminals through a fuse. A method according to the present invention reduces continuous electrical charge distribution in an electrical circuit by mechanically attaching a first contactor power terminal to a battery terminal and electrically coupling a second contactor power terminal to a circuit, which may include a vehicle starter.

Abstract: A method for operating a reversible polyphase rotating electrical machine (2) in a motor vehicle, which consists in performing the high-level and low-level management of the machine with a remote-control unit (1), which exchanges physical data, via a plurality of links (3), with a power module (20) integrated in or immediately proximate the machine (2). The method and electrical machine may be an alternator-starter.

Abstract: When an ignition switch (22) is operated to other than a start position for cranking an engine (20), a switch (relay 28) places a megafuse (30) in circuit with protecting cables to the electric starter motor (18) and alternator (16) to protect against shorts. When ignition switch (22) is operated to start position for cranking the engine (20), switch (28) removes the megafuse (30) from protecting the cables. If a short blew the megafuse (30) before starting, the ignition switch (22) cannot operate the switch (28) and the engine cannot be cranked.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simplified digital wiring system for vehicles. The invention comprises a synchronisation generator (2) which is connected to a plurality of multiplexer modules (1a, 1b, 1b?) via a synchronisation (6) and, at other times, data line. In turn, the aforementioned multiplexer modules (1a, 1b, 1b?) are connected to a plurality of inputs and/or outputs for receiving/transmitting data from/to electroelectronic devices, such that the synchronisation generator selects a multiplexer module so that said module manages the inputs and/or outputs thereof and, in this way, can control the operations of the different electroelectronic devices (13-19). Moreover, the multiplexer modules can be connected to the synchronisation generator (2) in parallel (1a) or in series (1b, 1b?). The invention is advantageous in that the multiplexer modules (1a, 1b, 1b?) are connected using a single synchronisation (6) and data (7) line, thereby simplifying the wiring.

Abstract: The engine starting apparatus operates on battery voltage when the battery voltage is higher than a predetermined voltage to control starting of an engine of a vehicle. The engine starting apparatus includes a relay control section configured to output a drive signal individually to first and second relays of a starter of the vehicle engine to drive the first and second relays when predetermined engine start conditions are satisfied, the starter being configured to operate when the first and second relays are driven, and an inter-relay switch configured to make electrical connection between the first and second relays when the first relay is applied with the battery voltage, the second relay being applied with the battery voltage when the electrical connection is made. The first relay is configured to be applied with the battery voltage when a manual start switch is operated.

Abstract: In a navigation apparatus in a vehicle, a user designates a validating route, which is stored in a memory device. A control unit invalidates a predetermined function of the navigation apparatus at a start-up, which is for the first time after an in-vehicle battery is connected or which results from turning on of a power source. Use of the navigation apparatus by the user is thereby disturbed. When the control unit determines that a route, which the vehicle has traveled through, is included in the previously designated validating route stored in the memory device, the control unit re-validates the invalidated predetermined function.

Abstract: An engine starting device includes an ignition switch configured to cause turning-on and off of a main power source line connecting a power source for a vehicle and an engine control unit (ECU). The ignition switch includes a stationary contact and a movable contact that is rotatable relative to the stationary contact. The stationary contact includes a main contact configured to be connected to a power source input section of the ECU and a starter contact configured to be connected to a starter. The engine starting device also includes a relay provided on a sub power source line that is connected in parallel to the main power source line, the relay connecting the power source of the vehicle and a sub power source input section of the ECU, the relay being excited by the start of the ECU and providing electric continuity between the power source and the ECU.

Abstract: An engine start controller having a starter motor that is driven by battery to start engine, an activation switch that sends to the starter motor a START command for starting the engine, an activation circuit that connects the starter motor to the battery to supply a drive current, and an engine start control unit that issues an OPERATE command for operating the activation circuit when receiving the START command from the activation switch, and supplies the drive current to the starter motor. The controller is provided with a bypass circuit that directly sends to the activation circuit the START command that has been sent from the activation switch.

Abstract: A neutral starter interlock for motorcycles, a form of electronic safety circuit, is disclosed. The interlock is designed as a retrofit especially for Harley-Davidson® Big Twin and Sportster® motorcycles manufactured prior to model-year 2007 and factory equipped with an electric starter and a neutral indicator light. The interlock circuit interconnects the neutral indicator circuit (between the battery and the transmission neutral switch) and the starting circuit (between the battery and the starter solenoid) of the motorcycle, and includes an electronic relay that bars current from flowing from the battery to the starter solenoid unless the motorcycle's transmission is in neutral. This prevents unanticipated movement of the motorcycle if an attempt is made to start the engine with the transmission in gear.

Abstract: A three-position, single-pole, double-throw, rotary ignition switch is disclosed that is water-tight and provides qualitative and quantifiable durability in the presence of high-current loads, even after long use. It withstands a continuous 20 A load, plus an additional occasional 20 A load, when in the “run” position. It withstands an additional 75 A inductive load when in the “start” position. Then even after 12,000 operational cycles, leakage current (with 28 VDC supply voltage) when the switch is in the “off” position, and between non-current-carrying terminals when the switch is in the “on” position, remains under 0.3 mA, and still allows leakage current not exceeding 10 mA at any time while each disconnected pair of terminals and between terminals and ground are exposed to 1,000±5 Vrms at a frequency of at least 60 Hz being increased 400 V/sec for one minute.

Abstract: A vehicle remote operation device of optimized fail-safe function is disclosed that directs a vehicle to execute operations in response to a remote operation request made by a user of the vehicle. The vehicle remote operation device has a fail-safe control unit that changes a fail-safe criterion in execution of the remote operation according to a distance between the user and the vehicle. Preferably, the fail-safe criterion is moderated when the distance between the user and the vehicle is short. Alternatively, instead of measuring the distance between the user and the vehicle, a Smart Entry System is used to detect a key carried by the user to determine whether the user is near the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle disable system including an onboard computer linked to a throttle control relay. The onboard computer is capable of communicating to a remote control center by way of telecommunications link. If certain security protocols are breached, the control center communicates a shutdown command to the vehicle by way of the telecommunications link and the vehicle initiates a shutdown procedure for incapacitating the vehicle throttle controls.

Abstract: A system and method for bypassing the ignition switch and controlling operation of an engine and an accessory drive of a vehicle, the system comprising an ignition switch, a user-activated secondary switch, a control logic circuit, and a third switch. The ignition switch controls operation of the engine that enables the engine to operate when the ignition switch is in an ON state. The user-activated secondary switch makes a connection in a parallel electrical power supply circuit to the engine and vehicle accessory drive, when the secondary switch is in the CLOSED state. The control logic circuit is responsive to the ignition switch, the secondary switch, and a user-activated vehicle control device. The third switch is associated with a user-activated vehicle control device wherein the third switch causes the logic circuit to interrupt the parallel electrical power supply circuit, when the user-activated vehicle control device is activated.

Abstract: A starter control device includes an auxiliary switch for controlling an operation of a starter main switch, the auxiliary switch having a cap made from an insulating member. The starter control device also includes a control circuit part disposed on the cap, a terminal disposed on the cap, and a connection metal attachment for connecting the control circuit part and the terminal.

Abstract: An electromagnetic switch for a starter comprises a current-supply terminal and a vibration absorber configured to absorb vibration imposed on the terminal. The terminal is provided so that one end of the terminal is tightly attached to the switch, and the other end is connected to a cable which supplies electric current to the switch. One end of the terminal is tightly attached to a bobbin wound by an excitation coil to which the current is supplied and the other end protrudes through a molded cover outward to be connected to the cable at a connection port formed in the molded cover. The vibration absorber is, for example, a bent portion of the terminal formed integrally with the terminal itself. One or more flexible members are attached to the terminal to support the terminal within the electromagnetic switch and to seal inner spaces between the terminal and the switch.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a multiple battery system and network controlled multiple battery system. A main battery having a main positive output and a main negative output is also provided, together with an at least one auxiliary battery having an at least one auxiliary positive output and an at least one auxiliary negative output. A main electrical circuit having an at least one switching device is provided with at least two operating positions. The two operating positions selectively couple the main and at least one auxiliary battery to the common positive terminal. In the first of the at least two operating positions electrical charge is provided to both the main battery and the at least one auxiliary battery. A controller is also provided and coupled to the main electrical circuit and switches the at least one switching device based on input from an at least one sensor.

Abstract: A safety system for a locking device of a motor vehicle includes a unit control device which has at least one power switch for controlling an electromechanical unit in a blocking state, a central control device including signal links to the unit control device and further unit control devices of the motor vehicle, at least the electromechanical unit being controllable through the central control device via the signal links, and an electrical lead connection which is independent of the signal links. The unit control device is connected to the central control device through the independent electrical lead connection. A potential of a control connection of the power switch or a power connection of the unit control device is controllable by the central control device via the independent electrical lead connection.

Abstract: A device and method are provided for starting the engine of a motor vehicle equipped with an authentification device, which includes an access entitlement unit that the user can carry and a vehicle-side access entitlement test device having a receptacle for the access entitlement unit, and with a tripping unit, which includes a tripping element that when activated can initiate an engine start. The tripping element and the receptacle are connected mechanically together such that the tripping element is actuatable by an essentially translatory movement of the access entitlement unit inserted into the receptacle.

Abstract: In a power supply system, a controller is electrically connected with a plurality of switching elements of a multiphase inverter. The controller switches the plurality of switching elements on and off during a multiphase motor being activated. This converts a voltage of a first power storage device into a multiphase AC voltage so as to supply the multiphase AC voltage to the multiphase motor. This also boosts a voltage of a second power storage device to charge the first power storage device by the boosted voltage via multiphase windings of the motor. The controller switches the plurality of switching elements on and off during the multiphase motor being inactivated to thereby boost the voltage of the second power storage device to charge the first power storage device by the boosted voltage.

Abstract: A non-contact neutral sensing apparatus with directional feedback in a vehicle directional control system for an agricultural or construction vehicle.

Abstract: A method for operating a reversible polyphase rotating electrical machine (2) in a motor vehicle which consists in performing the high-level and low-level management of the machine with a remote-control unit (1), which exchanges physical data, via a plurality of links (3) with a power module (20) integrated in or immediately proximate the machine (2). The method and electrical machine may be an alternator-starter.

Abstract: An anti-theft system for a vehicle includes schedule taking means for taking a usage schedule of the vehicle, wherein the usage schedule of the vehicle includes a future time for the vehicle to be used next, interval calculating means for calculating an interval between a present time and the future time, and security level setting means for setting a security level of the anti-theft system based on the interval between the present time and the future time.

Abstract: A starting button apparatus for a vehicle includes a switch body, an antenna coil, a reciprocation housing, and a rotation housing. The switch body includes a key hole therein, into which a key fob is inserted, and a starting button mounted thereto. The antenna coil is provided to the switch body to allow power to be applied to the key fob inserted into the key hole. The reciprocation housing is secured to an outer surface of the starting button and has a first inclined guide. The rotation housing is fitted around the reciprocation housing and has a second inclined guide which is slidably engaged with the first inclined guide so as to push the starting button when the inserted key fob is rotated.

Abstract: When an ignition key is turn ON, an ECU drives a bidirectional DC/DC converter to charge a capacitor to a voltage Vth1. The ECU turns on a first relay only and diagnoses whether or not a second relay, which is off, is welded, based on a change in a voltage VL at that time. After the diagnosis on welding, the ECU turns on the second relay, and the capacitor is charged to a voltage level of a main power storage device.