Abstract: A switch device for switching different signal types includes a signal input unit for receiving a signal; a detection unit, coupled to the signal input unit, for generating a first control signal and a second control signal according to a signal type of the signal received by the signal input unit; and a switch unit, coupled to the signal input unit and the detection unit, for switching the signal input unit to either couple to a first signal processing unit or a second signal processing unit according to the first control signal and the second control signal outputted by the detection unit.

Abstract: An electric power conservation system to be used between an AC utility power source and a load circuit in a home or business. The electric power conservation system comprises an energy charger component, a DC rechargeable energy source, an inverter unit, a bypass isolation circuit, a monitor and control unit, coil contactors and contacts, and necessary circuitry for supplying a load circuit with the power it requires. The invention reduces consumption of electric power from public utility companies, thereby decreasing the load on the national electrical grid. Where utility companies offer lower off-peak rates to consumers of electrical power, it becomes exceedingly desirable to have such a system in place, to save consumers money. During normal operations wherein normal utility power is available, the load circuit derives part of its power from the AC utility power source, and the remaining power that it requires from the electric power conservation system.

Abstract: An apparatus for managing power of a mobile terminal includes: a first voltage regulating unit that changes the level of power from an external power source to a first level; a second voltage regulating unit that changes the level of power from the first voltage regulating unit or the external power source to a second level; and a switching unit that switches an output of the external power source or the first voltage regulating unit to the second voltage regulating unit. The coverage of an output voltage of the mobile terminal can be extended and the cost of the power management apparatus can be reduced.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods to firewall distributed energy sources. In one aspect, an apparatus includes: a first connector configured to interface with a distributed energy source; a second connector configured to interface with a connection point of an electric power system; at least one switch coupled between the first connector and the second connector; at least one sensor coupled with the switch; and a controller coupled with the at least one switch, the controller to use the at least one switch to selectively connect or disconnect an electric path between the first connector and the second connector based on signals from the at least one sensor.

Abstract: A power distribution apparatus for use with a master device and suite of peripheral devices, comprising a master electrical outlet and at least one standby electrical outlet, both connectable to a common electrical power supply. The apparatus further comprising sensing means for detecting changes in the operating state of master device and a controller operable to interrupt power to the at least one standby electrical outlet when the sensing means detects a prescribed change in operating state of the master device. In which, following an interruption of power, the controller automatically restores power to the at least one standby electrical outlet after a predetermined interval of time, thereby providing at least a standby power to any peripheral device connected to the standby outlet when the master device is off or on standby. In this way, peripheral devices may then enter standby states of operation, if equipped to do so.

Abstract: A control device for controlling a switching power supply adapted to convert an input voltage into an output voltage according to a switching rate of a switching element. The control device includes first control means for switching the switching element in a first working mode at a constant frequency and second control means for switching the switching element in a second working mode at a variable frequency, under a maximum frequency, in response to the detection of a predefined operative condition of the switching power supply. The control device further includes means for selecting the first working mode or the second working mode.

Abstract: A PDA, which functions as an electronic unit, includes power supply which includes a fuel cell unit and an auxiliary power supply which is charged by an output of the fuel cell unit. A non-use state of the PDA is detected by non-use detection unit. Upon detection of the non-use state by the non-use detection unit, the output from the fuel cell unit is stopped and an output of the auxiliary power supply is shut off.

Abstract: In an electronic apparatus such as a DVD recorder (1) which controls electric power supply to a main micro processor (3) and peripheral devices (10, 11, 15) with a auxiliary micro processor (4), a power control method by the auxiliary micro processor (4) can be changed. The main micro processor (3) transmits a power control data, which indicates a control method of the electric power supply, to the auxiliary micro processor (4). The auxiliary micro processor (4) controls the electric power supply by a method indicated by the power control data.

Abstract: A touch switch for controlling accessory equipment of a vehicle in such a manner that malfunctions caused by factors such as changes in atmospheric conditions, receipt of an electromagnetic impulse, or the like can be avoided.

Abstract: There is disclosed a power supply, a system, and method. A power supply may include a power converter for converting AC primary power into DC power, an internal load, and a DC power plug for delivering DC power from the power supply to a load external to the power supply. The power converter may include a standby circuit to place the power converter into a low power quiescent operating mode. A switch may be integrated into the DC power plug, the switch having an operate state and a standby state. The switch may control the flow of power from the power converter to the internal load.

Abstract: A detector circuit detects whether a headset is present (inserted) in a jack by measuring the impedance between the connection points of the jack. The detector circuit further determines the headset type (e.g., whether of cellular headset, stereo headset or stereo+cellular headset) by measuring the impedance between the connection points of the jack. Power consumption may be reduced by powering down components which determine headset type if the headset is determined not to be present. Additional power reduction is attained by checking for headset removal only periodically if the headset is determined to be present.

Abstract: A power control system for use in an electronic device provided with a transforming module becoming self-contained upon connection with a power supply includes a switch module, a delay module, and a control module. The switch module turns on or off a power input route whereby the transforming module can supply power to the electronic device, and keeps the power input route at an off state while the transforming module remains unconnected to the power supply. The delay module performs a delay process and generates delay signals. The control module receives the delay signals generated and enables the switch module to turn on the power input route. The present invention prevents the stability of the electronic device from being deteriorated as a result of electric sparks induced by metallic friction and excessive instantaneous current while the electronic device is being connected to the power supply.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing isolated high and low direct current power supplies to a Power Device using a sealed high Power Device Gate Driver having a single transformer, wherein the Gate Driver integrates the power supplies, gating control and gate control, gate drive and Power Device diagnostics into a sealed unit, wherein the unit may be further sealed hermetically.

Abstract: A power control circuit includes an electronic switch (20) interposed between a power unit (10) and an electronic device (30), a driving circuit (40) and a mechanical switch (50). The driving circuit receives a power-on signal from the mechanical switch, and signals the electronic switch to turn on and supply power to the electronic device in accordance with the power-on signal. The electronic device controls the driving circuit to maintain the electronic switch to be on and continue the power supply to the electronic device. The electronic device further receives a power-off signal from the mechanical switch, and signals the driving circuit to turn off the electronic switch and discontinues the power supply to the electronic device.

Abstract: This system provides a method for determining whether ordinary battery cells, a battery pack, and/or a charger unit are attached to a portable electronic device. The system provides a center contact in a battery shaft that contacts a battery pack or a point on an individual battery and allows the device regulation unit to measure the voltage at that point. If the voltage is below a particular threshold, then the system determines that a battery pack may be inserted in the battery shaft and the portable electronic unit enters a battery pack mode. If the voltage is above the threshold voltage, then the portable electronic device enters the battery operation mode. If a voltage transition is sensed on the DEVICE START line, the portable electronic device determines that the charger is installed and the portable electronic device enters the appropriate mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing current to a load. The apparatus includes a full or half bridge switching circuit, including at least one switching element for supplying power to a load when switched on and means for switching a state of the switching element only at a time when a substantially zero voltage is applied across the switching element.

Abstract: A method and system where, by tabulating the known values and parameters of a distribution system and its automated equipment in a specific manner, the automated system reconfiguration can quickly identify and thereby implement the optimal system reconfiguration for service restoration.

Abstract: A power supply includes at least one current source for providing current and a reference voltage generator for providing a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage. A control circuit selectively couples the current to the power supply output as a function of a monitored voltage, the first reference voltage, and the second reference voltage.

Abstract: A method for controlled reclosing of branch elements in an electric power system that has been subjected to a disturbance and that includes at least one branch element and at least one circuit breaker connected thereto. The angular difference between voltage vectors on both sides of the circuit breaker or at two end points of the branch element is detected and compared with a comparison value. In dependence on a magnitude of a deviation of the angular difference from the comparison value, the reclosing is either completed or blocked. The comparison value is updated automatically and regularly in such a way that an adaptive value is obtained. A system includes an element arranged to update the comparison value automatically and regularly in such a way that an adaptive value is obtained.

Abstract: A method and a circuit for controlling a switch intended to apply an AC signal, by application of a control signal on a terminal of a circuit, at least one signal of information as to the state of the switch or of a load that it controls being provided to said terminal in a time multiplexing with said control signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for controlling a JFET power electronic switch (15) of the normally ON type, the control device comprising a main gate control circuit (30) powered by a main power source (11) for driving the gate of the JFET switch. The control device comprises a protection switching device (41,51) that is switchable between two states, an auxiliary circuit (40,50) for controlling the switching device, and an auxiliary power source (25) whose positive terminal is connected to the source of the JFET switch and whose negative terminal is connected to the gate of the JFET switch, bypassing said gate control circuit (30) in one of the two positions of the switching device. The switching device is an electromagnetic or electronic switch.

Abstract: A capacitive relay takeoff swimming platform sensor system including multiple stations, timing devices and capacitive sensor devices where the presence or departure of a second swimmer on a relay takeoff swimming platform is sensed by the change in capacitance of a sensor mat and compared to the arrival of a first swimmer at a touchpad sensor. The system includes automatic recalibration of sensing, such that presence of a swimmer is sensed and then system recalibrated so as to detect departure of the swimmer. The sensor mat includes an polycarbonate perimeter.

Abstract: A system that includes a bus, a battery, core processing circuitry, radio frequency (RF) processing circuitry, first power regulating circuitry, second power regulating circuitry, and control circuitry is provided. The bus can be coupled to receive power from a source external to the system. The core processing circuitry and RF processing circuitry can be selectively coupled to each other via a switch. The switch can be operative to turn ON and OFF based on a signal level received on the bus. The first power regulating circuitry can be electrically coupled to the bus, the core processing circuitry, and the switch. The second power regulating circuitry can be electrically coupled to the battery, the RF processing circuitry, and the switch. The control circuitry can be operative to selectively turn ON and OFF the first power regulating circuitry and the second power regulating circuitry based on a number of monitored conditions.

Abstract: A current limiting system in accordance with the present invention comprises an accessory or canopy mount device that is permanently installed between a source of electrical power 1 and a track lighting system 2. The system may be installed integrally with a track lighting system to supply power to a plurality of lighting tracks from a plurality of power sources or circuits, as desired by a user or lighting designer. The system may also be configured to be compatible with a wide variety of track lighting system power tracks and is difficult to remove once properly installed, thereby making it tamper-proof.

Abstract: An electrical switching topology for a hybrid switch provides extremely low losses in both cryogenic and non-cryogenic electronic systems. In this switch having switch modules connected in parallel, switching losses in a first module are separated from conduction losses in the parallel-connected second module. The conduction losses are then further reduced by cryogenically cooling the second module. Since the switching losses of the first module can be absorbed outside a cryogenic container, the switching losses do not add to the cryogenic heat load. In other applications, the switching module operates at lower temperatures to provide higher switching speeds and reduces switching heat generation.

Abstract: An improved electrical lockout mechanism includes a first connection means to a power source, and a second connection means to the power input terminal of the machine being protected. The machine being protected includes a manually-operated ON/OFF switch. A switching element is operably coupled between the first and second connection means. The switching element is adapted to selectively complete and break an electrical circuit between the first and second connection means in response to a control signal supplied thereto. A control circuit generates a control signal that is supplied to the switching element thereby causing the switching element to complete the electrical circuit between the first and second connection means under a first set of operating conditions and causing the switching element to break the electrical circuit between the first and second connection means under a second set of operating conditions in a manner that prevents unwanted machine restarts.

Abstract: A motor control center (MCC) is provided. The MCC includes a power and data distribution bus comprising a plurality of conductive bars for distributing power and data signals within the MCC. In one embodiment, the plurality of conductive bars is configured to receive and distribute three-phase power from an external power source. The MCC may also include a device configured to receive power and data from the plurality of conductive bars. Devices and methods for distributing power and data to such devices within an MCC are also disclosed.

Abstract: The control circuit comprises a source of dc voltage, a first electronic switch, interposed between a first terminal of the voltage source and a corresponding first terminal of the load, a second electronic switch, interposed between the other or second terminal of the load and the other or second terminal of the source, a current recirculation device, including a diode connected between the said first terminal of the load and the other or second terminal of the voltage source to allow a circulation current in the load when the first switch is open, and a control circuit arranged to control the switches in a predetermined manner. The recirculation device further includes a third electronic switch disposed between the first terminal of the load and the other or second terminal of the voltage source, and the control unit is arranged to control this third switch in a synchronous manner, but in phase opposition, in relation to the first switch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shock-proof electrical output device, which comprises a voltage converter, a current monitoring relay device, a latching relay device, and a changeover relay device.

Abstract: In a disconnection detecting mode, first and second MOSFETs are turned off, a transistor is turned on, and charges of a capacitor are initialized. After that, third and fourth MOSFETs are alternately turned on/off by drive signals and having a complementary relation. When an antenna is connected normally, a pulse AC signal is transmitted to an output terminal via the antenna, and current flows from the output terminal into the capacitor via a resistor, a diode, and a resistor. When a voltage across terminals becomes equal to or higher than a determination reference voltage, a disconnection detection signal is changed to the H level (a connection state).

Abstract: A power distribution expert system is provided to determine an optimal power distribution configuration, and also to determine an optimal transition path to reach said optimal configuration. An exemplary first set of rules is provided to determine an optimal power distribution configuration. An exemplary second set of rules is provided to determine an optimum transition path to achieve the optimal power distribution configuration.

Abstract: An apparatus in an electronic control system allows two or three wire operation. A power supply can supply power to the enclosed circuitry in both two and three wire installations. Two separate zero cross detectors are used such that timing information can be collected in both two and three wire installations. Both zero cross detectors are monitored and are used to automatically configure the electronic control. Over voltage circuitry senses an over voltage condition across a MOSFET which is in the off state and turns the MOSFET on so that it desirably will not reach the avalanche region. Over current circuitry senses when the current through the MOSFETs has exceeded a predetermined current threshold and then turns the MOSFETs off so they do not exceed the MOSFETs' safe operating area (SOA) curve. Latching circuitry is employed to keep the protection circuitry in effect even after a fault condition has cleared.

Abstract: A mechanism of one embodiment of the invention is disclosed that disconnects an electronic device from a power source includes a user-actuable switch, an electronically controllable switch, and a feedback mechanism. The electronically controllable switch couples the power source to the electronic device. The feedback mechanism turns on and off the electronically controllable switch in response to actuation of the user-actuable switch.

Abstract: A switching circuit includes switching transistors connected to one of an input terminal and an output terminal of the switching circuit, and a control bias supply circuit that supplies a control bias for cutting off all the switching transistors to the switching transistors when all of the switching transistors are in a non-selected state.

Abstract: An electrical distribution system includes a plurality of separate consumer modules for supplying power to a plurality of consumer loads, respectively. Each of the consumer modules includes an overload fault detection device for automatically interrupting the supply of power to a given consumer load upon the detection of a fault therein by an overload protection arrangement. When the voltage drop across a measuring resistor exceeds a given threshold value, a non-conducting transistor becomes conductive, thereby opening a gate circuit to disconnect the consumer load from its power supply. Resistors of varying resistance values may be selected manually or by remote control to correspond with the demand requirements of the consumer loads.

Abstract: An electronic power circuit includes at least one power semiconductor whose control inputs are connected to a trigger device and a power supply which, on the output side, is connected to terminals of the trigger device and, on the input side, is connected to an accessory device to which a supply voltage is applied. The power semiconductor is implemented as a self-conducting power semiconductor, which economically reduces the forward power losses and switching losses of an electronic power circuit.

Abstract: Power distribution apparatus include a rack mountable housing, an electrical power input assembly and an electrical power output assembly including a plurality of external circuits adapted for hardwired to remote equipment and a plurality of internal circuits each adapted to receive a plug of electrical equipment and to provide power thereto. The plurality of internal circuits may include differently configured receptacles adapted to receive differently configured plugs.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device is used to transfer power from a source generator to a power generator that delivers electrical power to a load, while maintaining electrical isolation between the source generator and power generator for size critical applications where transformers or coupling capacitors would not be practical, but where electrical isolation is desired.

Abstract: An automatic transfer switch (ATS) system and method of operating an ATS system are disclosed. The ATS system includes at least one input port capable of being coupled to at least one power source to receive an input power, a first internal component that requires internal power satisfying a first criterion in order to properly operate, and a power converter such as a switch mode power supply that is coupled to the first internal component and to the at least one input port. The power converter is capable of receiving the input power by way of the at least one input port and converting the input power into the internal power to be provided to the first internal component. The internal power provided by the power converter satisfies the first criterion, even though at least one characteristic of the input power varies within a range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a storage medium protection system for protecting one or more storage media from the effects of one or more undesirable conditions. The system includes an enclosure formed from a material resistant to the one or more undesirable conditions, and the storage medium is positioned within the interior of the enclosure. Further, the system provides a sealing mechanism for sealing a circulation passageway of the enclosure in the event of an occurrence of the one or more undesirable conditions.

Abstract: A switch (10) comprises a face plate (16) and a single switch sensing oscillator (18) responsive to a switch activating presence. The oscillator (18) has a resistive component (36) connected to a sensing plate (38) which acts as a first capacitor plate. The face plate (16) is arranged to prevent electrical contact between the user and the oscillator (18). Any object, when placed adjacent the face plate (16), acts as a second capacitor plate which alters the frequency of the oscillator (18). A microprocessor (20) senses the smoke detector (62). In a further aspect the switch includes a mains electricity cable signal transmitter/receiver and a microprocessor whereby each such switch may communicate directly with another such switch.

Abstract: An electric device including an electric switch having a plurality of contact members arranged in series to form a plurality of breaking points arranged in series. One of the contact members at each breaking point is movable. A drive is arranged to actuate each movable contact member. The drive is arranged to effect simultaneous movement of the movable contact members. A commutation circuit is connected in parallel with the electric switch. Each contact member constitutes a part of a contact element, which contact elements are arranged in series. The contact elements have conducting and insulating parts. Every second contact element is movable in relation the others so that movement effects a breaking or closing position of the electric switch. The invention also includes a current limiter such as an electric device and also an electric power network provided with such a current limiter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides for high-speed switching of high-voltage and high power MOSFET-based solid state relays. A driver for a MOSFET based, high voltage, high current electronic relay includes a current supply for actuating the switching circuit and a transformer arrangement coupled to the current supply for receiving the supply of current from the current supply. The transformer arrangement is adapted for coupling with the switching circuit for selectively applying a predetermined voltage to the switching circuit which establishes the switching circuit in switch conducting or switch isolation.

Abstract: A mobile high voltage network supplies electrical consumer units connected via a plug-in connector and can be switched on and off by means of mechanical switches, with a fuse responding in the event of a short circuit. The high voltage network carries a direct voltage and to each electrical consumer unit (8; 10) a separate diagnostic and protection monitoring system is assigned which is activated when it is switched on and/or off. Such a direct voltage and high voltage network in conjunction with the diagnostic and protection monitoring system makes it possible, before starting up any circuit of consumer units, to effect a self-diagnosis of the protection monitoring system, to ensure that all components are fully functional. Without this, self-diagnosis with proof of functionality the relevant circuit of consumer units is not switched on.

Abstract: A technique for controlling a switching circuit includes one or more sensing circuits that generate signals based upon the presence of an actuating object and upon a randomly applied strobe signal. The generated signals are sampled and are used as a for determining the state of an output signal. The sensing circuit may generate the signals based upon capacitive coupling with the actuating object. The randomization of the sampling enhances immunity to periodic noise. Where more than one sensing circuit is included, the output of the circuits may be considered together for determining the state of the output signal, such as based upon predetermined ranges of signal levels. Signals of the sensing circuit may be sampled in the absence of the strobe to provide an indication of the relative noise level. If the noise level is determined to be elevated, the output signal may not change states.

Abstract: New techniques are presented for providing proportional activation of model railroad functions and effects with control keys on a model railroad layout control system. This permits for example a throttle device connected to a digital layout control system to provide for a “playable” or variable-pitch whistle sound effect where prior art was severely limited in providing this effect realistically. This invention allows proportional keys with the added ability to control multiple aspects of any effect and to latch proportional values at any state. This invention also allows the expansion of the wireless and Internet connection capabilities of the network of a layout control system so the new proportional capabilities can be carried across these connections.

Abstract: Circuit arrangement for detecting the state of at least one electrical switch having at least one set input (Set1, Set2, Set3) in each case and at least one sensor output (Sensor1, Sensor2, Sensor3) in each case, each of which is allocated to an electrical switch (S1, S2, S3), wherein the sensor output (Sensor1, Sensor2, Sensor3) is connected via a first current path to a first potential if a signal with the value logic “1” is present at the set input (Set1, Set2, Set3) and is connected via a second current path to a second potential if a signal with the value logic “0” is present at the set input (Set1, Set2, Set3), and wherein a wake-up signal is generated at a wake-up signal output (wakeup) if a current which is greater than a predetermined threshold current is detected in the first or second current path.

Abstract: An integrated circuit and method for providing a switchover from the primary power source to the secondary power source to prevent a volatile element from losing stored data. The integrated circuit includes a forced power source switchover circuit for detecting that the supply level of the primary power source drops below a predefined threshold level. A switchover circuit on the integrated circuit initiates a switchover operation based upon the forced power source switchover circuit detecting that the supply level being received from the primary power source drops below the predefined threshold level. The detection by the forced power source switchover circuitry may occur on a signal level that transitions faster than a predetermined negative rate of change. The integrated circuit may be incorporated in any system having volatile elements, such as memory or a clock.

Abstract: The invention concerns the control of thyristor-type semiconductor power components (Sw) powered by an alternating current network (VS). The control signal is a pulse (Ie). It is stored in the form of magnetic induction (B), positive or negative, in a core (T) made of ferromagnetic material. At each current alternation of the network, the interrogation of the magnetic state of the strand results in the presence, or not, of a control signal on the power device (Sw).

Abstract: An improved electrical lockout mechanism includes a first connection means to a power source, and a second connection means to a power input terminal of the machine being protected. The machine includes a manually-operated ON/OFF switch. A switching element, which is coupled between the first and second connection means, selectively completes and breaks an electrical circuit between the first and second connection means in response to a control signal supplied thereto. A control circuit generates this control signal in a manner that prevents unwanted machine restarts. The switching element may be realized by an electromagnetic relay device, or by a thyristor-based switching device such as a triac device. The electrical lockout mechanism can be integrated with a power cord that delivers electrical power to a machine, or can be integrated into the machine itself.