Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating a low-power voltage transformer (LPVT). Systems include a capacitive voltage divider and a variable capacitance device connected to the capacitive voltage divider. A parameter of the variable capacitance device is adjusted to minimize the ratio error of the LPVT. Methods include connecting a variable capacitance device to a capacitive voltage divider of the LPVT system, measuring a ratio error of the LPVT system based on an output of the variable capacitance device, and adjusting a parameter of the variable capacitance device.

Abstract: A method for connecting an energy generation installation to a medium-voltage grid includes determining a calibration factor for adjusting first voltage values to second voltage values by a controller of the energy generation installation. During an idle state of a medium-voltage transformer, the first voltage values are detected at a capacitive voltage divider, arranged on the medium-voltage side of the medium-voltage transformer, and the second voltage values are detected by a voltage detection means, arranged on the low-voltage side of the medium-voltage transformer. The method further includes closing a circuit breaker arranged on the medium-voltage side of the medium-voltage transformer by the controller of the energy generation installation, when voltage values determined at the capacitive voltage divider exceed a first threshold value after the calibration factor has been applied.

Abstract: A direct current controller includes a rectifier configured to convert alternating current input into a direct current output. A converter electrically coupled to the rectifier generates a converted direct current voltage that regulates a converted direct current from the direct current output of the rectifier and synthesizes an ac component of an alternating current grid to counteract an induced back-emf. A direct current controller central controller coupled to the converter regulates the converted direct current.

Abstract: A bicycle electrical system is provided with a first electric component, a second electric component, and a third electric component. The first electric component includes a first electric power line communication section. The second electric component includes a second electric power line communication section. The third electric component includes a third electric power line communication section. The first and second electric power line communication sections are connected with a first electric power line such that the first and second electric power line communication sections conduct communications via the first electric power line. The second and third electric power line communication sections are connected with a second electric power line such that the second and third electric power line communication sections conduct communications via the second electric power line.

Abstract: A method for detecting an ingress of a short wave radio signal in a power line communication system which determines a strength of a common mode signal at a frequency of the power line communication system during a time period when no communication in the power line communication system at this frequency takes place and an ingress is detected if the strength of the common mode signal is above a determined threshold. A corresponding power line communication modem can implement such a method.

Abstract: A return communication system and method for an Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) System allows a pick-up device (3) to receive an instruction and supply a load (36) in such a way that a predetermined variation occurs in current in the primary conductive path (2) of the system The variation may be detected and decoded to determine a response from the pick-up to the instruction.

Abstract: A discharge prevention circuit and electronic equipment with the discharge prevention circuit are provided. The discharging prevention circuit includes a first power line, a second power line, a capacitor, a current detector and a switch. The first and second power lines directly or indirectly connect a power feed line to a load. The capacitor and the current detector are directly or indirectly connected in series between the first and second power lines. The switch is disposed in the first or second power line. The current detector detects at least charging current to the capacitor and discharging current from the capacitor. And if the current detector detects discharging current from the capacitor, the switch acts to stop current flow between the capacitor and the power feed line through the switch.

Abstract: An independent automatic shedding system that automatically allows any combination of loads to powered under limited power availability (such as a standby power source) without overloading the generator or rewiring, while contributing to the stability of the power grid. A motorized disconnection actuation mechanism under control of a controller disconnects or recloses the contacts of a branch circuit breaker. A sensor detects the presence or absence of a power source and the type of power source, which is classified according to its type. A power source classification program is executed by the controller that interprets the sensor data and causes disconnection or reclosing of the disconnection actuation mechanism depending on a desired status (ON or OFF) of the branch circuit breaker when standby power is available. Conventional circuit protection is provided an optional advanced circuit protection such as ground or arc fault circuit interruption.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention are directed to power distribution systems and methods for distributing power from a primary power source and a backup power source to a load. In one particular aspect, a power distribution system includes a first input to receive input power from the primary power source, a second input to receive input power from the backup power source, an output that provides output power from at least one of the primary power source and the backup power source, a first switch operatively coupled to the first input and the output and operative to selectively couple the first input to the output, a second switch operatively coupled to the second input and the output and operative to selectively couple the second input to the output, and a controller operatively coupled to the first switch and to the second switch and configured to control the first switch and the second switch to provide an electrical interlock.

Abstract: A generator structure is provided for generating an AC power for a load. The generator structure includes a generator connectable to a load and an engine operatively connected to the generator for driving the same. A generator controller is operatively connected to the engine for controlling operation thereof and operatively connected to a generator for controlling the AC power generated thereby. A communications link connects the generator control to a network.

Abstract: A system and method for AC line voltage analysis is disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system for AC line voltage analysis on an AC line includes a transformer that steps down the AC line voltage, a rectifier that rectifies the stepped down AC line current, a filter that filters the rectified AC line current, a voltage divider that reduces the AC line voltage; and an A/D converter that converts the reduced AC line voltage to digital bits. According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for AC line voltage analysis of an AC line includes the steps of (1) calibrating equipment for measuring AC line voltage analysis, (2) adjusting for at least one load, (3) filtering an adjusted measurement; and (4) determining an actual line voltage.

Abstract: A control arrangement and method is provided for detecting and responding to disturbances in electrical power systems. In a preferred arrangement, an integration is initiated that is based on a comparison of actual voltage of a source and a reference voltage. When the integration exceeds a predetermined value, the source is considered unreliable. Also in a preferred arrangement, a determination is made as to whether or not the disturbance is a downstream fault condition. For example, this is useful for applications where a transfer is made from a first source to a second source when predetermined disturbances are detected. In this manner, the transfer of the load to a second source is avoided which would continue the supply of the downstream fault. Additionally, the arrangement distinguishes between various degrees of disturbances to permit appropriate response based on the severity and type of disturbance. For example, a first immediate response, i.e.

Abstract: A pulse signal transmitting circuit generates a pulse signal having an enhanced high-frequency component with a reduced power loss. A pulse signal is transmitted to a load circuit through a transmission cable connected to a secondary winding of a transformer. First and second transistors are connected to a primary winding of the transformer. A voltage output from an external power source is input to the primary winding of the transformer when at least one of the first and second transistors is conductive so that a pulse voltage signal is input to the transformer. A booster power supply circuit is located between the external power source and a middle point of the primary winding of the transformer. The booster power supply circuit superimposes a boost voltage onto the voltage input to the primary winding of the transformer so that a high-frequency component of the pulse voltage signal input to the primary winding of the transformer is enhanced.

Abstract: An oscillating flux transformer for transforming relatively large blocks of electrical power at power frequencies in direct accordance with the turn ratio of toroidal primary and secondary windings. The transformer includes a core-coil assembly having a poloidal winding in addition to primary and secondary toroidal windings, with the poloidal and toroidal windings being disposed on a magnetic core which is in the form of a closed loop or torus. Direct current in the poloidal winding establishes an equilibrium position of a saturation induction phasor. The AC flux produced by the toroidal primary winding combines vectorially with the DC flux to cause the induction phasor to oscillate about the equilibrium position, with an angular excursion responsive to the magnitude of the voltage applied to the toroidal primary winding.

Abstract: A three phase ripple control system for feeding a control signal onto each phase line employs an injection transformer having a primary winding and three secondary windings. A control signal generator is connected in circuit with the primary winding and serves to provide a signal thereto. A respective inductor is connected in series in each phase line and is connected in parallel with a respective one of the secondary windings. The inductors have a value of inductance arranged such that their impedance at line frequency is substantially smaller than the magnetizing impedance of the transformer. The secondary winding thereby introduce a common control signal onto each of the three phase lines.

Abstract: A generator structure is provided for generating an AC power for a load. The generator structure includes a generator connectable to a load and an engine operatively connected to the generator for driving the same. A generator controller is operatively connected to the engine for controlling operation thereof and operatively connected to a generator for controlling the AC power generated thereby. A communications link connects the generator control to a network.