Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide an integrated circuit (IC) chip that includes a feedback control circuit and a detecting circuit. The feedback control circuit is configured to govern a feedback signal to a first regulator that regulates a first power supply to the IC chip based on the feedback signal. The feedback control circuit is powered at least partially by a second power supply. The detecting circuit is configured to detect a power down of the second power supply, and to cause the feedback control circuit to be disengaged from the feedback signal in response to the power down.

Abstract: Multilevel power converters, power cells and methods are presented for selectively bypassing a power stage of a multilevel inverter circuit, in which a single relay or contactor includes one or more normally closed output control contacts coupled between a given power cell switching circuit and the given power cell output, along with a normally open bypass contact coupled across the power stage output, with a local or central controller energizing the coil of the relay or contactor of a given cell to bypass that cell.

Abstract: A system is provided for controlling power generation. For example, the system may include a drive, an electrical generator coupled to the drive, and a controller coupled to the drive. The controller may include a stabilizing mode responsive to a utility signal representative of a grid destabilizing event.

Abstract: A method of configuring an installed energy harvesting device to comply with a local grid connection standard is provided. The method identifies a local grid connection standard for an energy harvesting device that has been installed in a physical installation. The method then configures the energy harvesting device to apply the identified grid connection standard. To identify the local gird connection standard, the method determines a physical location for the installation of the energy harvesting device. The method then identifies the local grid connection standard based on the determined physical location.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating an electric energy production facility during a fault in a utility grid to which energy is to be delivered. The energy production facility includes at least one wind turbine. The method includes disconnecting the utility grid from the wind turbine. The method further includes connecting an external generator via a cable to an auxiliary equipment of the wind turbine, to deliver active power to the auxiliary equipment. The cable is connected to a converter of the wind turbine the converter supporting reactive power. A corresponding arrangement also provided.

Abstract: According to an aspect, power management of a multi-core processing system includes determining workload characteristics in the multi-core processing system. A power adjustment scenario is identified based on the workload characteristics. A predetermined actuation order for at least two power adjustment actuators is identified based on the power adjustment scenario. Based on the predetermined actuation order, it is determined whether there is an adequate adjustment capacity for a power adjustment action associated with one of the at least two power adjustment actuators. The power adjustment action is initiated based on the predetermined actuation order and determining that the adequate adjustment capacity is available.

Abstract: A power conversion apparatus and a controlling method thereof are disclosed. The power conversion apparatus is applied with a power generation apparatus, which outputs a first signal. The power conversion apparatus includes a conversion-sensing circuit, a control signal generating circuit and a switching circuit. The conversion-sensing circuit converts the first signal into a second signal, and senses at least a voltage waveform change of the second signal to generate a time interval. The control signal generating circuit is electrically connected with the conversion-sensing circuit and outputs a control signal according to the time interval. The switching circuit is electrically connected with the power generation apparatus and the control signal generating circuit, and has a plurality switching elements. The switching circuit receives the first signal and conducts one of the switching elements according to the control signal so as to convert the first signal and output an output signal.

Abstract: There provided a power receiving device connectable with a first load circuit operating according to AC power from a power transmitting device in which the power receiver receives the AC power from the power transmitting device via magnetic coupling, the impedance adjuster is capable of converting at least one of voltage and current of the AC power received at the power receiver, the controller controls increase in output voltage of the power transmitting device, the AC power is supplied to the first load circuit via the impedance adjuster when the first load circuit is connected to the power receiving device, and the controller controls the impedance adjuster such that an input impedance of the impedance adjuster is lower than an input impedance of the first load circuit during at least a part of a time period where the output voltage of the power transmitting device is increased.

Abstract: A backup power supplying device having programmable current-balancing control includes at least two power modules connected in parallel. The power module includes a power converter, a current sensing component, a potential tuner, a microprocessor, a current-balancing control circuit and an output voltage controller. The current sensing component senses an output current of the power converter to generate a current sensing signal. The microprocessor controls the potential tuner to generate a tuning signal, and receives a mode signal to control the power module to operate in a power supply or sleep mode. The current-balancing control circuit receives the current sensing signal, the tuning signal and the mode signal. When the power module operates in the sleep mode, an output voltage of the power converter is a sleep voltage; a voltage level of the sleep voltage is lower than a voltage level of a supply voltage by a predetermined voltage value.

Abstract: It is presented a method executed in a transmission system, the transmission system comprising an AC grid, a DC grid and at least two AC/DC converters connected between the AC grid and DC grid. The method comprises the steps of: obtaining set points for each one of the at least two AC/DC converters, each set point comprising a magnitude and direction of power through the respective AC/DC converter during normal operation generating, based on the set points, a virtual AC grid, the virtual AC grid corresponding to AC behavior of the DC grid, as viewed from each AC side of the at least two AC/DC converters; and controlling the at least two AC/DC converters to mimic a behavior in accordance with the virtual AC grid. A corresponding transmission system is also presented.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a flywheel power generating facility includes a flywheel power generator including a flywheel for storing rotational energy, and configured to convert the rotational energy into electric power to supply the electric power to a test facility. The generating facility further includes a driving motor configured to rotate the flywheel, and a power supply device configured to supply electric power to the driving motor. The generating facility further includes a detector configured to output a signal related to the rotation of the flywheel, and a controller configured to control operation of the driving motor, based on the outputted signal. The controller controls the operation of the driving motor so that the driving motor provides accelerating torque to the flywheel while the supply of the electric power to the test facility is stopped and while the electric power is supplied to the test facility.

Abstract: A photovoltaic system includes solar cells and photovoltaic inverters configured to convert direct current generated by the solar cells to alternating current. Grid voltage at the point of interconnection (POI) of the photovoltaic system and the power grid is measured and compared to a setpoint. A control signal is generated based on the measured grid voltage. The control signal is provided to the photovoltaic inverters. The control signal is adjusted to cause the photovoltaic inverters to generate or absorb reactive power to respond to transient grid voltage changes.

Abstract: A direct current (dc) uninterruptible power system is disclosed. The dc-based uninterruptible power system includes a multiplexer, a battery unit, a linear regulator, a switch-transistor, a voltage comparator and micro controller. The multiplexer receives a first control signal, a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage and outputs a control voltage according to the first control signal. The switch-transistor has a body diode and the body diode has a conduction voltage. When the dc-based uninterruptible power system is non-discharge mode, the switch-transistor is switched-off and the linear regulator receives the first reference voltage, so that the subtraction of the output voltage and the power-supply voltage is smaller than the conduction voltage to cutoff the body diode.

Abstract: A direct current to alternating current inverter sub-system is for a HVDC distribution system. The DC to AC inverter sub-system includes an enclosure and a DC to DC galvanically isolated buck converter having a DC input electrically connectable to a HVDC cable and a DC output. A DC to AC inverter includes a DC input electrically connected to the DC output of the DC to DC galvanically isolated buck converter and an AC output electrically connectable to an AC transmission line. The DC to AC inverter is mounted in an enclosure with the DC to DC galvanically isolated buck converter, in order that the DC output of the DC to DC galvanically isolated buck converter is directly electrically connected within the enclosure to the DC input of the DC to AC inverter.

Abstract: A method for determining a photovoltaic (PV) current from each of a plurality of PV elements arranged in a differential network is provided. The differential network is controlled with a plurality of control signals, where the differential network includes a plurality of inductors, and each control signal has a duty cycle. A plurality of controller parameters is received from the plurality of differential controllers. The PV current for each of the plurality of PV elements is calculated from the plurality of inductor currents and the duty cycle for each control signal.

Abstract: Various enhancements to grid-interactive inverters in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed. One embodiment includes input terminals configured to receive a direct current, output terminals configured to provide an alternating output current to the utility grid, a controller, an output current sensor, and a DC-AC inverter stage comprising a plurality of switches controlled by control signals generated by the controller. In addition, the controller is configured to: generate control signals that cause the switches in the DC-AC inverter stage to switch a direct current in a bidirectional manner; measure the alternating output current; perform frequency decomposition of the output current; and generate control signals that cause the switches in the DC-AC inverter stage to switch current in a way that the magnitude of a plurality of unwanted current components is subtracted from the resulting output current.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed that can monitor the solar power inverters in real-time both day and night, and generate surveillance alarms and actions when a solar power inverter is removed or disconnected from the AC powerline for unknown reasons. It offers a low cost and reliable surveillance means to help guard a residential-scale, commercial-scale, or utility-scale solar power system in real-time at all times.

Abstract: An energy management system and method connecting a load to multiple energy sources. The system includes a load connection, source connections for each energy source, a control unit and at least one energy management module having an inductor and four switches. The first source is in parallel with the load. The first switch couples the first source positive terminal to the first inductor end, second switch couples the first source negative terminal to the first inductor end, third switch couples the second source positive terminal to the second inductor end, and fourth switch couples the second source negative terminal to the second inductor end. The control unit controls the four switches of each module to transfer energy between the energy sources through the module inductor. The system can have more than two sources. Modes including one or two switch, synchronous or asynchronous, and buck or boost can be used.

Abstract: A method to collect energy from generation systems such as, for example, wind farms or solar farms with widely distributed energy-generation equipment. In some cases, static inverters are used to feed the energy directly into the power grid. In some other cases, back-to-back static inverters are used create a high-voltage DC transmission line to collect power from multiple generation sites into one feed-in site.

Abstract: A power system is coupled to a powered system and a system capacitance. The power system includes a power system output sensor, a power conversion device, and a power system output controller. The power system output controller includes a powered system threshold that is related to a power excursion capability of the powered system. The power system output controller is operable, in response to receiving a power system output signal from the power system output sensor that exceeds the powered system threshold, to control the power conversion device to increase the power system output from the power conversion device in order to increase the energy stored in the system capacitance for use by the powered system during a power excursion. The powered system may include processors that draw power from the system capacitance during power excursions so as to not exceed the limits of the power system.

Abstract: Provided is a platform with backup power and burst load power needs met using a supercapacitor.

Abstract: A reactive energy compensator (10) comprising: an input DC voltage (Vc) bus (13) capable of providing reactive energy; an inverter (18) connected to the DC voltage bus (13) and including controllable electronic switches (34) capable of converting the input DC voltage (Vc) into an intermediate alternating voltage, a device (22) for controlling the electronic switches, regulation means (22) for determining a value of a target active current circulating between the inverter and the network, capable of regulating the input direct current voltage (Vc) relatively to a set reference value; the device for controlling the switches, determining control signals according to the value of said target active current, determined from the error between the reference value and the square of the DC voltage of the bus via a transfer function, the definition of which varies according to the current value of said DC voltage.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of power supplies and a controller. The plurality of power supplies outputs power to a load. A serial bus connects the plurality of power supplies in a daisy chain. The controller is connected to first and last ones of the power supplies by the serial bus. The controller is connected to a management bus via a management bus interface. The controller monitors the plurality of power supplies via the serial bus. The controller transmits status information of the plurality of power supplies to the management bus via the management bus interface of the controller.

Abstract: This invention concerns an electrical energy supply and distribution system. The system is able to handle both large centralized electricity generation plants, as well secondary energy sources which are becoming increasingly important. These sources may or may not be connected to deliver electrical energy to a 50 Hz AC power distribution grid. The system comprises a supply side where multiple electrical energy generators are connected via connections ports, involving conditioning circuitry, into a single DC electrical energy source. This energy source may be supplied to a common inverter system to convert it to AC for transmission on over a power grid. A rectifier may take the AC power from the grid and delivers it to loads. Whether an AC grid in involved or not, on the delivery side energy is delivered to multiple loads via connection ports involving conditioning circuitry. Any of the generators or loads may be taken offline or connected back into the system at will.

Abstract: A system for generating electrical power is described. In at least one embodiment, the system includes a turbine that is mechanically connected to a generator, wherein the generator is electrically connected via a first converter to a load. The first converter generates a first output current. A second output current is generated by a second converter and is added to the first output current. The second output current is generated such that an actual current over the load follows a desired current.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a solar array system is described. The example solar array system is prefabricated as a single unit. The solar array system includes a plurality of solar panels. The solar panels of the plurality of solar panels are configured to be electrically connected to one another. At least one solar panel of the plurality of solar panels is electrically connected to a mini-inverter. The mini-inverter is configured to perform maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and apply a load to at least one solar panel of the plurality of solar panels. The mini-inverter is also configured to convert direct current (DC) power generated by the plurality of solar panels to alternating current (AC) power. The solar array system further includes a plurality of locking hinges. The locking hinges are configured to allow the plurality of solar panels to be folded on top of one another.

Abstract: A photo-voltaic (PV) power generating system and a control system for PV array string-level control and PV modules serially-connected into strings of PV modules. The system includes plural parallel strings of serially-connected power-generating photovoltaic modules that form a PV array, DC/DC micro-converters that are coupled to a DC voltage buss and to the output of a corresponding photovoltaic module or to the output of a string of photovoltaic modules; a gating or central inverter; and a control system. The micro-converters are structured and arranged to include at least one of: an active clamp device, a ground fault detection device, and a fractional power converter that injects power in series or in parallel with voltage or current from the power-generating portion onto the DC buss.

Abstract: A method for detecting an arc fault in a photovoltaic power circuit includes operating a photovoltaic generator at a first working point. A first signal related to a DC-current and/or a DC-voltage in the power circuit is determined. The first signal is analyzed and it is determined whether the signal indicates the presence of an electric arc in the power circuit. If so, the photovoltaic generator is operated at a second working point and a second signal related to the DC-current and/or the DC-voltage is determined. The first and second signals are then compared; and the occurrence of an arc fault in the power circuit is selectively signaled based on the comparison.

Abstract: An inverter circuit contains a first and second DC sources for providing a DC voltage, a common step-up converter for boosting the DC voltage, an intermediate circuit capacitor connected between the outputs of the common step-up converter, and an inverter for converting the DC voltage provided by the capacitor into an AC voltage. The common step-up converter contains a series circuit having a first inductance and a first rectifier element and is connected between an output of the first DC source and one side of the intermediate circuit capacitor as well as a series circuit which includes a second inductance and a second rectifier element and is connected between an output of the second DC source and another side of the intermediate circuit capacitor. The common step-up converter further contains a common switching element which is connected between the first and second DC sources.

Abstract: The power of DC electrical sources is combined onto a DC buss, such that each source behaves independently from any other source attached to the buss. In one embodiment, a converter module is attached to each of a plurality of solar photovoltaic panels and its output is attached in a parallel manner to a common buss that forms the input to a DC AC inverter. The converter module includes a Maximum Power Point Tracking component that matches the output impedance of the panels to the input impedance of the converter module. The converter also includes a communication component that provides parametric data and identification to a central inverter. Data generated by each converter module is transmitted over the power line or by wireless means and is collected at the inverter and forwarded to a data collection and reporting system.

Abstract: A direct feeding apparatus for impedance matching of a wireless power transmission device includes a helical type resonator, and a feeding unit configured to directly feed power to a region having a relatively small current value as compared to a center of a conductive line of the resonator.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus includes a converter to convert AC power into DC power, an SMPS to convert the DC power into DC powers desired by loads, a capacitor to interconnect the converter and the SMPS, a PTC element connected to the converter, a first switch connected in parallel with the PTC element, and a second switch connected in series with the first switch. The method includes turning on the second switch to start charging of the capacitor, turning on the first switch to charge the capacitor to a target voltage level, and turning off both the first switch and second switch if a voltage across the capacitor rises over the target voltage level, to discharge the voltage across the capacitor so as to lower the voltage across the capacitor to the target voltage level or lower.

Abstract: A method and system for implementing DMPP tracking of partially shaded/uniformly illuminated photovoltaic arrays using switched capacitor DC-DC converter is disclosed. Here, a dedicated SC converter is connected across each PV cell or PV module made of series connected PV cells wherein series connected modules make a PV string and parallel connected PV strings make up a PV array. This SC converter injects an equalization current across the PV module or PV cell so that the total current in the parallel combination of the PV module or PV cell and the corresponding SC converter is the same as the PV string current. In another implementation of DMPP tracking using SC converters, a dedicated SC converter is connected across each isolated PV module to perform MPP tracking of the respective PV module. Then all MPP tracking SC converter outputs are diode ORed to the common load.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a power-fluctuation reducing apparatus in a power generation system to control a converter connected to the power generation system and connected to secondary batteries. The power-fluctuation reducing apparatus includes adjusting direct current voltages output from the secondary batteries, respectively, detecting the directing current voltages output from the secondary batteries, respectively, controlling to adjust the direct current voltages output from the secondary batteries to make the direct current voltages uniform, based on the detected direct current voltages, and controlling the converter to reduce power fluctuations in the power generation system.

Abstract: A high efficiency solar power system combining photovoltaic sources of power (1) can be converted by a base phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (6) and an altered phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (8) that have outputs combined through low energy storage combiner circuitry (9). The converters can be synchronously controlled through a synchronous phase control (11) that synchronously operates switches to provide a conversion combined photovoltaic DC output (10). Converters can be provided for individual source conversion or phased operational modes, the latter presenting a combined low photovoltaic energy storage DC-DC photovoltaic converter (15) at string or individual panel levels.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a voltage amplifier is provided. In this voltage amplifier, a DC/DC boost converter converts an input DC voltage to an output DC voltage, which is higher than the input DC voltage. A DC/AC converter connected to the DC/DC boost converter converts the output DC voltage to an AC pulse-train. A voltage multiplier connected to the DC/AC converter converts the AC pulse-train to an amplified output DC voltage that is higher than the AC pulse-train. A discharger connected to the voltage multiplier can discharge the amplified output DC voltage.

Abstract: A dc energy store includes auxiliary systems operable in different modes, including self-supporting, island mode and normal modes. In the self-supporting mode a first controller uses a voltage demand signal indicative of desired ac voltage of an AC/DC power converter to control semiconductor power switching devices to achieve the desired level of ac voltage. The voltage demand signal is derived from comparing a voltage feedback signal and a second voltage demand signal preset to provide the desired ac voltage for the auxiliary systems. A second controller uses a current demand signal indicative of the desired dc link current to control the semiconductor power switching devices of a DC/DC power converter to achieve the desired level of dc link current. The current demand signal is derived from comparing a dc link voltage demand signal indicative of a desired dc link voltage and a dc link voltage feedback signal.

Abstract: A switching converter includes an input end, N output ends, an inductor, a charging/discharging control unit, an energy distribution control unit and a logic control unit. The input end is utilized for receiving an input voltage. The N output ends are utilized for outputting N output voltages. The inductor is utilized for storing energy of the input voltage. The charging/discharging control unit and the energy distribution control unit are respectively utilized for generating a charging/discharging control signal and N energy distribution control signals to control a charging switch and N output switches according to the N output voltages, wherein the i-th distribution control signal is corresponding to the i-th output voltage signal to the N-th output voltage signal. The logic control unit is utilized for generating the charging switch control signal and N output switch control signals according to the charging/discharging control signal and the N energy distribution control signals.

Abstract: Switched capacitor multilevel output DC-DC converters can be used as panel integrated modules in a solar maximum power point tracking system. The system can also include a central input current-controlled ripple port inverter. The system can implement per panel MPPT without inter-panel communication, electrolytic capacitors or per panel magnetics. A Marx converter implementation of the switched capacitor module is studied. Average total efficiencies (tracking×conversion) greater than 93% can be achieved for a simulated 510 W, 3 panel, DC-DC system.

Abstract: In order to control a plurality of inverters, which are connected on their input side to a current source each and on their output side to a common grid connection point, electrical variables are measured at the individual inverters and are used for controlling the individual inverters, currents being output by the individual inverters depending on the electrical variables measured at the location of the individual inverters Effects of the connection equipment between the individual inverters and the common grid connection point on currents are determined, electrical variables being measured at the grid connection point and are set in relation to the electrical variables measured at the same time at the individual inverters. The connection equipment between the individual inverters and the common grid connection point is taken into consideration in controlling the individual inverters.

Abstract: A power system includes a power generating plant including a plurality of power generators, and an AC collection grid adapted to interconnect the power generating plant and an HVDC converter station. The AC collection grid is adapted to operate outside network regulations, whereby advantages such as simplified control and electronics are achieved. A method of operating a power system is also provided.

Abstract: An arrangement for operating a rail vehicle includes a DC voltage intermediate circuit which is connected to an energy supply network, at least one traction inverter which is connected at its DC voltage side to the DC voltage intermediate circuit and at its AC voltage side which is connected one or more traction motors of the rail vehicle. An auxiliary system inverter is connected at its DC voltage side to the DC voltage intermediate circuit and is connected at its AC voltage side to a primary side of an auxiliary system transformer. Auxiliary systems are connected to a secondary side of the auxiliary system transformer via an auxiliary line. Electrical energy generated by an electrical energy supply unit is transferred via the auxiliary line, the auxiliary system transformer and the auxiliary system inverter into the DC voltage intermediate circuit for operation of the at least one traction motor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photovoltaic system for feeding three-phase current to a power grid that includes several monophase or three-phase photovoltaic inverters that can be connected to the power grid at the output end and are each fitted with a disconnecting device at the output end. The system includes several photovoltaic generators that are connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverters. A central control and monitoring unit is connected between the photovoltaic inverters and the power grid. The control and monitoring unit has a grid monitoring device at the feeding point to the grid to measure one or more grid parameters. At least one communication link is provided between the individual photovoltaic inverters or the individual disconnecting devices and the connected central control and monitoring unit such that the connecting devices can disconnect the individual photovoltaic inverters from the power grid by means of a control instruction signal of the communication link.

Abstract: Series strings of photovoltaic (PV) modules with integrated dc-dc microconverters that can function in buck, boost, or an intermediate bridge mode based on the load can harvest more energy than conventional central-inverter architectures, especially when the arrays are partially shaded or when the modules are mismatched. The integrated multi-mode dc-dc converter includes a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm that can track the true MPP, even when a PV module becomes partially-shaded, without scanning the entire output voltage range. The algorithm compares power levels only at a voltage that occurs when a bypass diode bypasses a portion of an associated PV module, and multiples thereof.

Abstract: A power management system may employ a power source, a distribution system between the power source and electrical loads and an energy accumulator. The accumulator may comprise a plurality of energy processing blocks. Each block may have a limited number of energy storage cells connected in series to produce first voltage. A second higher output voltage from the accumulator may be achieved though integrated DC-DC, DC-AC and AC-DC conversion with intermediate boost of AC voltage through high frequency transformers. Bidirectional power flow may be achieved with high efficiency during charge and discharge of the accumulator. Secondary windings of the transformers may be connected with one another in series so that the accumulator can transfer energy between the distribution system and any one or all of the energy processing units in a fault-tolerant and efficient manner.

Abstract: A power supply is coupled to an input voltage source. The power supply includes a plurality of converters. Each converter has an input for receiving an input voltage and an output for providing an output voltage. The inputs are connected in series and the outputs are connected in parallel to provide an output voltage. The power supply further includes an output regulating controller coupled to one of the plurality of converters for regulating the output voltage. The power supply further includes one or more input regulating controllers correspondingly coupled to the remaining one or more converters of the plurality of converters for regulating one or more input voltages.

Abstract: A power feeding apparatus, power receiving apparatus, wireless power feeding system, and method for wireless transfer of power are provided. The power feeding apparatus includes an impedance detector, a controller, a power transmitter, a variable matching circuit, and a signal transmitter. The controller is configured to provide first control information and second control information based on an impedance detected by the impedance detector. The power feeding apparatus' variable matching circuit is configured to change a variable diameter of a power feeding coil according to the first control information. The power receiving apparatus includes a power receiver, a signal receiver, and a variable matching circuit. The power receiving apparatus'variable matching circuit is configured to change a variable diameter of a power feeding coil according to the second control information provided by the power feeding apparatus.

Abstract: Devices that include one or more functional semiconductor elements that are immersed in static electric fields (E-fields). In one embodiment, one or more electrets are placed proximate the one or more organic, inorganic, or hybrid semiconductor elements so that the static charge(s) of the electret(s) participate in creating the static E-field(s) that influences the semiconductor element(s). An externally applied electric field can be used, for example, to enhance charge-carrier mobility in the semiconductor element and/or to vary the width of the depletion region in the semiconductor material.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an adaptive phase-shifted synchronization clock generation circuit and a method for generating phase-shifted synchronization clock. The adaptive phase-shifted synchronization clock generation circuit includes: a current source generating a current which flows through a node to generate a node voltage on the node; a reverse-proportional voltage generator coupled to the node for generating a voltage which is reverse-proportional to the node voltage; a ramp generator receiving a synchronization input signal and generating a ramp signal; a comparator comparing the reverse-proportional voltage to the ramp signal; and a pulse generator for generating a clock signal according to an output from the comparator.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting power includes at least one impedance matching network which receives an electrical signal. The apparatus includes at least one AC to DC converter in communication with the impedance matching network. Also disclosed is a method for powering a load and an apparatus for converting power and additional embodiments of an apparatus for converting power.