Abstract: The present invention relates generally to linear electric machines, capable of converting electrical current into mechanical work or mechanical work into electrical current. More specifically, this invention relates to an electric machine having a ferromagnetic vessel containing a single-pole magnetic field, end caps for reflecting magnetic energy and a shaft having an electromagnetic coil which moves relative to the magnetic field.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to linear electric motor, capable of converting electrical current into mechanical work. More specifically, this invention relates to an electric motor having a ferromagnetic vessel containing a single-pole magnetic field, and a shaft having an electromagnetic coil which moves relative to the magnetic field.

Abstract: A magnetic power apparatus includes an outer shell made of magnetically conductive metal, the outer shell having a through hole on one side wall thereof, an iron core axially movably disposed inside the outer shell, a coil positioned in the outer shell around the iron core and controlled to move the iron core axially in the outer shell, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet symmetrically mounted inside the outer shell and axially aligned at two opposite sides of the iron core with same pole aimed against each other, and a driving circuit disposed outside the outer shell and connected with a power output line thereof to the coil to charge a capacitor, the driving circuit outputting to the coil a positive impulse voltage when electrically connected, or a negative impulse voltage when electrically disconnected, causing the iron core to shift the iron core, and causing the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet to change magnetic path and to keep the iron core in shifted position.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to linear electric machines, capable of converting electrical current into mechanical work or mechanical work into electrical current. More specifically, this invention relates to an electric machine having a ferromagnetic vessel containing a single-pole magnetic field, end caps for reflecting magnetic energy and a shaft having an electromagnetic coil which moves relative to the magnetic field.

Abstract: An electromagnetic assembly includes a casing, a solenoid disposed inside the casing, a stationary magnetic core, and a movable magnetic core. The stationary magnetic core is disposed at least partially inside the solenoid and is fixed relative to the solenoid and the casing, while the movable magnetic core is disposed for reciprocation partially inside the solenoid along an axis. The stationary magnetic core, the movable magnetic core, the solenoid, and the casing have rectangular or square cross-sections in planes oriented essentially perpendicularly to the axis.

Abstract: An encapsulated stator for use in solenoid-actuated liquid metering device has a bobbin assembly and a plunger guide which are substantially surrounded by a plastic overmold to hold the assembly together and provide a protective housing. Upper and lower ends of the plunger guide are not covered by the overmold, but rather are left exposed so that additional manufacturing and assembly steps may be performed upon the stator. The plunger guide is formed integrally with a support plate and two threaded body for receiving bolts to secure the stator in its operating position. A plastic cap with an integrally molded electrical connector housing for mating engagement with an electrical power supply is secured to the bobbin assembly and retains the core and plunger guide in proper positions relative to the bobbin prior to the assembly being encased in the overmold. A method of manufacturing the encapsulated stator is also disclosed.

Abstract: A solenoid operated remote resetting device with a protective solenoid activation circuit is disclosed. The device includes a housing for enclosing and protecting a solenoid with a movable plunger, a movable mechanical operator having an operator arm extending through an opening defined in the housing and a circuit board on which a solenoid activation circuit is mounted. The solenoid activation circuit includes circuitry for protecting the solenoid from overheating due to intentional or unintentional prolonged current flow in the solenoid.

Abstract: A solenoid is provided having a housing with a housing bore with a central axis. The housing bore opens at an opening in the housing at a first end. The solenoid further has an actuator extending from the opening, and which is sized to movably slide within the housing bore and within the opening along the central axis. A biasing member is provided in the solenoid for cooperating with the actuator and for biasing the actuator in a direction along the central axis. The solenoid also has an indicator positioned within the housing. The indicator cooperates with the actuator for relative movement therewith, and has an indicator path. An indication receiver is positioned within the housing, and located adjacent the indicator and the indicator path, for generating a signal that is representative of the position of the indicator and the position of the actuator. A method of manufacturing the solenoid is also provided, and includes the step of aligning the indication receiver within a recess in the housing.

Abstract: A linear actuator is used to push a spring-loaded ram The loading force of the spring against a stationary workpiece is calibrated with the displacement of the ram once the load exceeds the spring preset value. At a preset loading position, an electrical contact opens, indicating that the spring load has reached or exceeded the preset value. A mechanical stop, acting in conjunction with the stall characteristics of the linear actuator, prevents the operating range from being exceeded. This device has applications where precise standoff from a surface, the application of a precise force to that surface, and a controlled rate of the application of the force is needed.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuating device comprises a solenoid coil to which a control current can be applied and an armature associated with the solenoid coil which is adapted to carry out movements which are dependent upon a control current flowing through the solenoid coil and a spring arrangement for biassing the armature into opposite directions, with a holding position being defined which is assumed by the armature at a holding current through the solenoid coil, with the holding current flowing through the solenoid coil being variable to a higher value or to a lower value with the armature not leaving the holding position, and both the higher and the lower current value being able to be dimensioned in such a manner that interference influences on the magnetic and spring forces which actuate the armature do not bring the armature from its holding position into an actuated position which is different from the holding position.

Abstract: A displacer assembly for a Stirling cycle system includes a displacer and a synchronous linear electric motor linked so as to drive the displacer. The electric motor features at least one stator assembly having first and second soft-magnetic pole pieces defining therebetween a gap. The width of the gap is oriented perpendicular to an axis of movement of the motor, and the stator assembly is constructed so as to generate a magnetic field aligned primarily parallel to the width of the gap. The motor also includes at least one compound permanent magnet system located within the gap. The compound permanent magnet system has a first section magnetized in a first direction parallel to the width of the gap and a second section axially displaced from the first section magnetized in a direction opposite to the first direction. The result of this structure is that the electric motor operates as a magnetic spring which, when no power is supplied to the motor, returns the displacer to a predefined rest position.

Abstract: A linear actuator powered by a Lorentz force. The force is generated by passing an electrical current through an armature spanning a space across a magnetic field established between two permanent magnets. The armature is mounted upon a slider extending between a pair of electrically conductive rails. Reversible linear motion is achieved by switching the polarity of an electrical potential applied across the two rails.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator includes a housing made of a magnetic material, a coil disposed in the housing, a stationary core surrounded by the coil and secured to the housing, a movable core adapted to be attracted to the stationary core by excitation of the coil, a return spring for biasing the movable core away from the stationary core, and a joint member coupled to an outer end of the movable core. In this electromagnetic actuator, a cylindrical portion of the joint member made of a synthetic resin is coupled by press-fit to an outer peripheral surface of the movable core at its end, with a resilient locking claw formed on the cylindrical portion being engaged into an annular groove around the outer periphery of the movable core. Thus, the joint member of the movable core can be reliably coupled without use of a coupling member such as a pin or the like.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator includes a bobbin which is disposed between opposite ends of a housing made of a magnetic material and which has a coil wound therearound, a guide sleeve which is fitted to an inner periphery of the bobbin and which is opposed at one end thereof to one of wall ends of the housing and fitted at the other end thereof into a support bore in the other end of the housing, a stationary core fitted into the guide sleeve and caulked to the one end wall of the housing, and a movable core slidably fitted into the guide sleeve and cooperating with the stationary core. In this electromagnetic actuator, an end of the guide sleeve guiding the movable core is placed into close contact with and coupled in a caulked manner to an outer peripheral surface of the stationary core which is caulked and coupled to one of end walls of the magnetic housing.

Abstract: A synchronous twin reciprocating piston apparatus includes a cylinder and a number of stator assemblies mounted in fixed relation thereto. The stator assemblies are constructed so as to generate a radial magnetic field in a number of regions near to each end of the cylinder. The apparatus also includes a pair of piston-magnet assemblies, each having a piston slidable within an end of the cylinder, and a number of compound permanent magnet systems located within the regions. Each compound permanent magnet system includes a first section magnetized in a direction radial relative to the cylinder axis and a second section, axially displaced from the first, magnetized in the opposite direction. When the stator assemblies are excited with an alternating current, the piston-magnet assemblies reciprocate axially relative to said cylinder, and synchronously with the frequency of the applied current. The pistons then generate a pulsating pressure within the cylinder.

Abstract: The electromagnetic force generator disclosed herein employs first and second elongate magnetic cores having transversely facing pole faces at each end, the cores being essentially parallel with pole faces aligned and facing. Between each pair of aligned pole faces is a relatively moveable core. A suspension provides a compliant mechanical connection between the moveable and elongate cores. The moveable cores are polarized by a permanent magnet mounted between the elongate cores and polarized along an axis paralleling the length of the elongate cores. Respective windings are provided around the elongate cores. A.c. energization of the windings creates a corresponding vibratory force between the movable cores and the elongate cores.

Abstract: An improved mechanical transducer of the type having a body reciprocating in a chamber, the body being linked to a housing by a linkage including an axially compliant spring. An anti-friction fluid bearing applies a lateral centering force upon the body and a linkage component of the linkage has a lateral compliance sufficient for the centering forces exerted by the fluid bearing to at least equal the sum of lateral force exerted by the linkage and other lateral forces exerted upon the body. That lateral compliance allows the centering forces of the fluid bearing to be effective in moving the body away from the chamber wall and thereby minimize contact and consequent wear of the interfacing surfaces between the body and the chamber wall.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe has a housing, a base pivotally mounted within the housing, an extension formed upon the base, and a scanning ultrasonic transducer disposed upon the distal end of the extension. The extension is preferably configured such that the scanning transducer moves along an arc of approximately 50 degrees having a radius of approximately 40 mm and is thus suitable for imaging elongate anatomical structures such as portions of the peripheral vascular system. A doppler ultrasonic transducer fixedly disposed within the housing proximate the scanning ultrasonic transducer measures fluid flow within the elongate anatomical structure. The doppler ultrasonic transducer is disposed at one end of the arc along which the scanning ultrasonic transducer travels such that the radiation path of the doppler ultrasonic transducer is periodically obscured by the scanning ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: A linear electrodynamic machine includes mover and stator assemblies. The stator assembly includes an inner stator and an outer stator for defining a closed loop magnetic flux path. A magnet mounted on an outside portion of the stator assembly produces a constant flux extending through the magnetic flux path. The inner and outer stators form at least one pair of aligned spaced apart magnetic poles forming a gap. A group of slugs mounted on the mover assembly moves into and out of the gap to interact electrodynamically with the magnetic flux within the gap.

Abstract: In an electric motor (11) with at least one winding (14) through which an electric current flows to produce a relative movement between a stator portion and a reaction portion, with at least one magnet (12), the field of which passes through the winding, and with at least one body (20) of ferromagnetic material which is arranged in the fields of the magnet and winding in order to achieve the minimum structural configuration with the maximum outputtable force, it is provided that the winding is immovably connected to the magnet at least in the direction of the relative movement and that the body of ferromagnetic material is mounted movably relative to the winding and the magnet in the direction of the relative movement, and has an air gap (22) which extends transversely to said direction of relative movement and which is so arranged that the magnetic flux in the winding alters as a result of the relative movement of the air gap with respect to the winding and the magnet.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator includes a magnetic flux conductive material case, an electrical current conductive coil, a magnetic flux conductive material core, and a pair of radially polarized magnetic flux developing elements. The coil is disposed in the case coextensively adjacent to its interior wall. The core is movably received within the chamber with motion of the core occurring between the first end and the second end of the case such that a first region of the core traverses the coil between its first end and its midpoint, and a second region of the core traverses the coil between its second end and its midpoint. A first one of the magnetic elements is carried by the first region and a second one of the magnetic elements is carried by the second region so that magnetic flux across the coil between the first region and the case is in a first direction, and magnetic flux across the coil between the second region and the case is in a second direction.

Abstract: An intake/exhaust valve actuator includes a movable permanent magnet coupled to the shank end of an intake/exhaust valve, a first fixed electromagnet having a plurality of fixed magnetic poles confronting a side of the movable permanent magnet, for opening and closing the intake/exhaust valve under an electromagnetic force developed between the movable permanent magnet and the fixed magnetic poles, a second fixed electromagnet having a fixed magnetic pole which confronts an end surface of the movable permanent magnet when the intake/exhaust valve is closed, the second fixed electromagnet having an excitation coil, an induction coil connected to the excitation coil of the second fixed electromagnet, for supplying electric energy to the excitation coil, a resonant circuit comprising a primary coil positioned in confronting relation to the induction coil and a capacitor connected to the primary coil, and control means for supplying electric energy to the resonant circuit when the intake/exhaust valve starts bein

Abstract: An improved electromagnetic actuator of the type comprising (a) a first assembly; (b) a second assembly movable relative to the first assembly along an axis of relative movement in response to a command signal, the second assembly comprising magnetic flux source means for defining radially directed flux both in an inward and outward direction relative to the axis of relative movement; (c) coil assembly means for defining at least two coil segments respectively disposed in the paths of the flux in the inward and outward directions; and (d) means for applying the command signal to the coil segments so that a current flows in one direction around the axis through the inward directed flux, and flows in the opposite direction around the axis through the outward directed flux so that the flux/current force applied between the first and second assemblies is additive. In accordance with one aspect of the invention flat magnets and flux focussing elements are used to provide the radially directed flux.

Abstract: A solenoid valve which includes a valve body having a central bore from which fluid passages radially extend. A valve spool is axially slidably captured within the valve body bore to control passage of fluid among the valve body passages. An electromagnetic variable force motor is mounted on the valve body and includes a housing of ferromagnetic construction with a pole piece of ferromagnetic construction coaxial with the valve spool and surrounded by an electrical coil. An armature comprising a ball of ferromagnetic construction is positioned coaxially with the pole piece in abutting engagement with the valve spool. A coil spring is positioned to engage the ball-armature and to urge the same axially away from the pole piece. The characteristic of magnetic attraction between the ball-armature and the opposing face of the pole piece as a function of separation therebetween is substantially identical with spring rate, both preferably being a linear function of ball-armature displacement.

Abstract: A solenoid valve which includes a valve body having a central bore from which fluid passages radially extend. A valve spool is axially slidably captured within the valve body bore to control passage of fluid among the valve body passages. An electromagnetic variable force motor is mounted on the valve body and includes a housing of ferromagnetic construction with a pole piece of ferromagnetic construction coaxial with the valve spool and surrounded by an electrical coil. An armature comprising a ball of ferromagnetic construction is positioned coaxially with the pole piece in abutting engagement with the valve spool. A coil spring is positioned to engage the ball-armature and to urge the same axially away from the pole piece. The characteristic of magnetic attraction between the ball-armature and the opposing face of the pole piece as a function of separation therebetween is substantially identical with spring rate, both preferably being a linear function of ball-armature displacement.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator has a tubular stator with at least two opposed, external pole pieces carrying energizing windings, and a permanent magnet rotor inside the stator and rotatable about the major axis of the stator, the rotor having at least two oppositely-directed permanent magnets extending axially of the rotor and in closely spaced relation to the stator, said magnet each occupying less than 180.degree. of the circumference of the rotor, the leading and/or trailing edge of each magnet being tapered and/or chamfered.

Abstract: A double-acting tandem free-piston engine comprising a housing including a cylinder having combustion chambers at opposite ends and one in its center with double-acting pistons displaceable between one end and the center chamber and between the other end and the center chamber. Each piston includes opposite piston heads with connecting rods between them together with balancing means to provide symmetrical piston movement. Each combustion chamber has a inlet port and valve and an exhaust valve, the valves timed to open and close to produce a pressure volume relationship therein wherein the pressure drops below atmospheric during at least a portion of the piston's displacement. The engine combined with a linear alternator in a hybrid vehicle powers electric wheel driving motors and stores power in its storage battery.

Abstract: An improved electromagnetic actuator assembly is described. The assembly comprises a magnetic circuit for defining radially directed flux both in an inward and outward direction, and a coil disposed in the flux paths and connect to receive a control signal so that a current can be applied in one direction through those portions of the coil disposed in the inward radially directed flux, and applied in the opposite direction through those portions of the coil disposed in the outwardly directed flux so that the flux/current products of the coil portions and associated flux are additive.

Abstract: Electromagnetic actuators are disclosed for precisely and directly incrementing an output member along a given generally linear path. Included in one actuator is a pair of assemblies, one of which is movable with respect to the other along the given path. A first of the assemblies includes means for producing a first magnetic field extending to the second actuator assembly in a manner generally transverse to the given path. The second actuator includes energizable means alongside the path and for producing a pair of opposed, approximately equal magnetic fields, spaced along the given path. Each of these opposed fields being aligned to cooperate with the transverse field to produce a force between the assemblies tending to centrally locate the assemblies with the transverse field between the pair of opposing fields.

Abstract: A solenoid-operated valve has its body formed from a plain length of pipe substantially free of any machining or shoulders. The armature and seating are inside, with the armature moving axially, and the solenoid coil is slid over the outside of the pipe. There could be a by-pass and two valves, one with a by-pass and one without, could be mounted in series in a common length of pipe.

Abstract: A motor winding assembly of mass M.sub.m is disposed for reciprocating linear movement within a housing, while a motor armature assembly of mass M.sub.a is disposed for reciprocating linear movement within the motor winding assembly. A first spring having a spring constant K.sub.m is connected between the motor winding assembly and the housing, and a second spring having a spring constant K.sub.a is connected between the motor armature assembly and the housing. The spring constants K.sub.m and K.sub.a satisfy the relation K.sub.m /K.sub.a =M.sub.m /M.sub.a, and since the motor housing assembly and the motor armature assembly move by amounts inversely proportional to their respective masses, essentially no vibration is transmitted to the housing over a wide range of motor operating frequencies.

Abstract: Disclosure is made of an electromagnetic vibrator comprising a housing (1) having a cover (6), which accommodates a striker (2) and an excitation coil (3) producing an alternating magnetic field which makes the striker (2) reciprocate along the geometrical axis of the excitation coil (3), the striker (2) being arranged freely in the housing (1) and comprising a permanent magnet (4) having an end surface in a plane parallel to a base (5) of the excitation coil (3) which is located, when the magnetic field of the excitation coil (3) and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (4) are interacting, at a distance from the base (5) of the excitation coil (3), which is equal to 0.6-0.7 of the height of the excitation coil (3).

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer probe is provided, in which the transducer is oscillated by a crank shaft for sector scanning. The crank shaft is driven by a motor having a moving magnet stack assembly in a tubular set of electromagnetic coils. The motor also moves a bimetallic pin through a position sensor coil so that the position of the transducer is represented by the detected inductance change of the coil.

Abstract: A supplementary mass is arranged in an electromagnet system between armature and reset spring in such a way that, after reaching an end position, the armature is relieved of the spring force; due to the relief, a high excess of magnetic force is available for braking the subsequent bounce movement; the mass and force conditions of the magnet system are matched so that the subsequent collision of armature and supplementary mass occurs counter-directionally and the remaining kinetic energy of the armature is used up to a large extent by the counter-directional collision; the small bounce movement permits the use of spring systems with very high reset forces when the armature is pulled-in whereby the movement times of the armature are greatly shortened; and specific springs and spring arrangements for producing suitable reset spring force characteristics are described.

Abstract: A non-linear electromagnetic vibration device including a first vibration part and a second vibration part. A non-linear bellows plate spring set is connected between the first and second vibrating parts. Each spring set is composed of sequentially coupled bellows plate springs, and each plate spring is elastic according to a predetermined particular waveform and has a plate structure of a predetermined shape. The waveform is selectable among many including portions of an exponential curve. The plate structure of each spring is rectangular with an edge which is straight, convex, or concave in contour. The first vibration part of the device is rigidly connected to a corresponding section of each spring set and the second vibration part of the device is coupled to a different or second area of each spring set.

Abstract: A non-linear, electromagnetic, vibration compression mechanism comprising a non-linear electromagnetic vibration device and a piston-cylinder, plunger-cylinder, or membrance type pump. A reciprocating compression section of the device may be axially arranged at a front or rear portion of the electromagnetic vibration device to form a coaxial compression device. Compression elements may also be installed on the lateral right and left sides or top and bottom of the electromagnetic vibrator to act non-coaxially but in parallel with the vibrator. The electromagnetic vibrator may drive one compression cylinder or several cylinders simultaneously. The reciprocating fluid compression device of the instant invention may be used to compress gas as well as liquid.

Abstract: A positive shut-off electromagnetic fluid pump of the type having a piston electromagnetically reciprocated in a cylindrical guide by a solenoid coil and a pair of valves for providing a unidirectional fluid flow from an inlet port to an outlet port in response to the reciprocation of the piston. An elastomer bumper attached to the piston occludes the outlet port when the piston is biased to its extreme position adjacent to the outlet port when the solenoid coil is de-energized.

Abstract: A linear air compressor having a linear electrodynamic motor which is air cooled and has an increased stroke and accordingly increased output. The working piston is provided with and stroke parting on a push-pull spring provides for centering of the plunger of the motor.

Abstract: A resonant vibration-transmitting apparatus, including a yoke, a magnetic coil attached on the bottom of the yoke, a vibrant leaf spring attached to the yoke, and an iron core attached to the leaf spring in a manner that a substantial part of the iron core is placed inside the magnetic coil so as to resonate the leaf spring to the frequency of a power source.

Abstract: A magnetic battery is provided that includes a helical spring threaded onto a mnagnetic core to increase relative movement between the magnetic core and coils that may be coated with sulfer and zinc oxide to enhance electricity extracted therefrom. The magnetic battery is built into a flashlight casing so that oscillatory motion will provide electricity to operate a lamp therein.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator includes opposing pistons driven by linear electromagnetic machines. Magnetic elements on armatures reciprocate adjacent to first and second flux paths and a transfer of flux between the flux paths with movement of either armature causes the other armature to move in a balanced fashion in an opposite direction. The armatures are driven by coils which transfer the flux from one flux path to the other. Tapers in the flux paths cause the armatures to seek a centered position, or are tailored to minimize compressor input power.

Abstract: An electromagnetic reciprocating motor or pump for use for providing mechanical force for actuation of other fluids or components, and includes a cylinder provided with closures at each end, at least a pair of electromagnets operatively associated with the cylinder, and surrounding the same, a magnetically responsive piston provided within the cylinder and capable of longitudinal shifting reciprocally within the cylinder upon the sequential energization of the electromagnets, and either a mechanical actuator or electronic triggering components cooperating with electrical circuitry and connecting with the electromagnets which upon energization charging the electromagnets in timed sequence for inducing their reciprocal shifting of the piston within the cylinder means.

Abstract: A reciprocating linear motor (10) is formed with a pair of ring-shaped permanent magnets (50, 52) having opposite radial polarizations, held axially apart by a non-magnetic yoke (20), which serves as an axially displaceable armature assembly (14). A pair of annularly wound coils (30, 32) having axial lengths which differ from the axial lengths of the permanent magnets are serially coupled together in mutual opposition and positioned with an outer cylindrical core (24) in axial symmetry about the armature assembly. One embodiment includes a second pair of annularly wound coils (36, 38) serially coupled together in mutual opposition and an inner cylindrical core (26) positioned in axial symmetry inside the armature radially opposite to the first pair of coils.

Abstract: An electromagnetic pump includes a coil bobbin with an excitation coil, a pair of magnetic cylinders, a printed circuit board with a transistor, and a pump housing. The coil bobbin is disposed around a sleeve member having a plunger therein. The pair of magnetic cylinders are axially inserted from two ends of the bobbin between the inner surface of the coil bobbin and the outer surface of the sleeve member. The pump housing consists of a cup-like housing body and a lid. The plunger, the magnetic cylinders and the pump housing are made of a magnetic material to form a magnetic flux path from the excitation coil.

Abstract: A controlled force variable reluctance actuator. A variable reluctance actuator having a moving element operated by a solenoid is provided in which the current in the solenoid is controlled by a signal representative of the flux density in the magnetic circuit of the actuator. The signal is produced by a Hall effect device placed in the magnetic circuit. Preferably, the Hall effect device controls the current in the solenoid by controlling its duty cycle; however, continuous control of the current may also be employed. Alternative embodiments are provided for a constant force actuator, an actuator whose force-displacement characteristic is altered, and an actuator in which the force may be selectively controlled. An embodiment is also provided for selectively controlling the position of the moving element based upon measured electric and magnetic parameters of the actuator.

Abstract: An electromagnetic pump has a pump housing. The pump housing consists of a cup-like housing body with an outlet cylindrical portion at the center thereof and a lid member having an inlet cylindrical portion at the center thereof. The lid member is fixed to the cup-like housing body. The pump also includes a nonmagnetic sleeve member, a magnetic plunger slidably fitted in the nonmagnetic sleeve member, a return spring for biasing the plunger to a delivery side, inlet and outlet pipes, a coil bobbin arranged around the sleeve member, a transistor assembly consisting of a transistor and a heat sink, a printed circuit board, a holder mounted above the printed circuit board, a leaf spring arranged between the housing body and the holder. A plurality of studs extend on the outer side surface of the flange of the coil bobbin on which the transistor assembly is mounted and on an inner side surface of the holder.

Abstract: Method of creating a linear bi-directional impulse motor by employing a permanent magnet and U-shaped high permeability cores disposed and energized so that the respective poles of the cores and the poles of the magnet function and cooperate to move the magnet along an axis in one direction by a pulse applied to wire coils on the cores and to move the magnet in the opposite direction when the coils are de-energized.

Abstract: A waveguide switch includes housing walls defining a switch housing; at least two waveguide terminals provided in the housing walls; a rotor supported for rotation in the housing; at least one waveguide element contained in the rotor for coupling to one another at least two waveguide terminals in a predetermined angular operating position of the rotor; a motor for turning the rotor into the vicinity of a desired operating position and blocking assembly for arresting the rotor in the desired operating position. The blocking assembly and the rotor include a magnetic arrangement for turning the rotor from the vicinity of the desired operating position into the desired operating position by magnetic attraction.

Abstract: A linear force motor has an elongated body provided with an annular chamber therewithin. An armature is arranged within the chamber for axial movement relative thereto. Two axially-spaced permanent magnets, with their like poles arranged to face one another, are arranged within the body radially inwardly of the chamber, and are separated by a common polepiece. The force motor has four axially-spaced active air gaps, arranged in various reciprocal pairs and various parallel pairs. When the armature is shifted one direction relative to the body, the majority of each magnet's static flux passes through one parallel pair of air gaps. When the armature is shifted in the other direction relative to the body, the majority of each magnet static flux passes through the other parallel pair of air gaps. The motor has one or more coils operatively arranged to generate control flux in a path which passes through at least one reciprocal pair of air gaps.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer particularly useful as a linear alternator driven by a free-piston Stirling engine is disclosed. A relatively high permeability material is formed into a flux loop having at least two pairs of spaced gaps formed transversely through the loop. Each pair of gaps is aligned along a reciprocation path for a magnet which is mechanically mounted for reciprocation between alternate positions within the gaps of each pair. The magnets have a magnetization vector transverse to the reciprocation path and are drivingly linked to a mechanical energy input or output for operation respectively as an alternator or motor. The armature coil is wound around a portion of the flux loop.