Abstract: A method of generating an electrical discharge in a high pressure gas contained in a sealed enclosure. The method includes driving a helical coil resonator at an RF frequency to generate an RF electric-magnetic field sufficient to generate an electrical discharge in the high pressure gas. The electrical discharge produces an emission spectrum that may be spectroscopically analyzed to determine the composition and impurity content of the gas.

Abstract: In a lamp and method for fabricating the same, an outer surface of the lamp tube is dipped into a conductive transparent solution for forming an electrode by a predetermined depth, and then the lamp tube is pulled out from the solution. Accordingly, an electrode having different profiles is formed on the outer surface of the tube body. Also, the outer surface of the lamp tube is dipped into the solution by an acute angle, and is pulled out from the solution. Therefore, a problem of a nonuniform brightness between lamps is not generated, and light utilization efficiency is much enhanced even when using a plurality of lamp in parallel connected to a power supply.

Abstract: A discharge light-emitting device includes a transparent first substrate, at least two first electrodes formed on the first substrate, a transparent second substrate, at least two second electrodes formed on the second substrate, sidewalls configured to form a discharge space with the first substrate and the second substrate so that the at least two second electrodes are inside the discharge space, at least two first fluorescent layers formed on a discharge space side of the first substrate, and at least two second fluorescent layers formed on a discharge space side of the second substrate.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention is a high pressure discharge lamp in which the top ends of a pair of electrodes opposed in a discharge vessel 2 of an arc tube 1 are formed each into a substantially semispherical shape and a protrusion 10 to form an arc spot is formed at each top end, wherein all of the relation: 0.3••L/I••1.0 for an inter-electrode distance L(mm) between the electrodes and a lamp current I(A) during stable lighting, the relation: 1.2••10?7••X/Y••1.1••10?5 for a molar amount X(mol) of bromine in the bromide sealed in the discharge vessel 2 and an inner volume Y(ml) of the discharge vessel 2, and the relation: 9••W3/2/I••65, for a weight W(mg) of tungsten at the top end of each electrode 3 formed into a substantially semispherical shape are satisfied, and the lighting frequency of a rectangular wave during stable lighting is 45 Hz or higher.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for photo-processing of fluids, particularly complex fluids, such as blood products, pharmaceuticals, injectables and vaccines, are provided. The disclosed methods and systems employ non-laser light source(s) to generate monochromatic light energy, preferably in the range of 260 nm to 310 nm, for fluid treatment. Advantageous processing regimens and/or adjunct additives and/or agents may also be used to achieve desired and/or enhanced results, e.g., inactivation of pathogens, bacteria and/or viruses, modulation of immune response, and/or leukoreduction. Particularly preferred embodiments include specific wavelengths, novel temperature control systems and geometric/structural arrangements that provide enhanced processing results and/or efficiencies.

Abstract: A gas discharge tube has a phosphor layer formed and a discharge gas enclosed within an elongated tube which is to serve as the gas discharge tube. The gas discharge tube includes a light-emitting section and a cleaning section for cleaning the discharge gas. The cleaning section is connected to the light-emitting section.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in high-pressure discharge lamps of the ceramic metal halide type of the Philips MasterColor series having a metal coil wrapped around the discharge vessel and/or at least a portion of the electrode feed through means, and having power ranges of about 150W to about 1000W, wherein the lamp has a metal coil wound around the discharge vessel and/or at least a portion of the electrode feed through means in a first position and in which metal coil the coil position of at least one coil portion, preferably multiple coil portions, and most preferably substantially all of the coil portions of the metal coil are stabilized to be substantially non-relaxed from the first position after exposure to elevated temperature conditions present during operation of the lamp. The metal coil functions as both an ignition aid and for containment in said lamp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge lamp having a base plate and a cover which is arranged in an essentially parallel manner thereto and which is corrugated in order to enable light to exit in a homogeneous manner.

Abstract: A flash lamp device having a flash lamp that includes an arc tube in which a pair of electrodes are disposed in opposition and a high voltage supply proximal conductor which extends parallel to the electrodes, on the exterior of the arc tube of the flash lamp. The high voltage supply proximal conductor is supported in an interior space of a sealed tubular body having a dielectric member with a greater permittivity than that of air.

Abstract: A light source device includes at least one discharge tube, a discharge medium sealed inside the discharge tube, and first and second electrodes for exciting the discharge medium. The first electrode is arranged inside the discharge tube. The second electrode is in contact with an outer surface of the discharge tube at a plurality of linear contact portions. The plurality of linear contact portions are substantially parallel with each other. Thus, a light source device is provided in which the occurrence of constricted discharge can be suppressed readily.

Abstract: A lamp assembly for a liquid crystal display device includes a lamp tube for generating light, and electrodes each having a suitable shape for receiving end portions of the lamp tube. The lamp tube and the electrodes are combined to generate the light by applying electric power to the electrodes. The lamp assembly may include multiple lamp tubes having different brightness from each other, in which the brightness difference between the lamp tubes is compensated by uniformly diffusing the light generated from the lamp tubes.

Abstract: A flash lamp (10), comprising a gas-filled discharge tube (10) made of glass and, at each end, a power electrode (14, 15) that is sealed by means of a glass solder (13), has a glass including one or more of the following U.V. transmission values Tw: at 180 nm: Tw>5%, preferably >9 %; at 200 nm: Tw>30%, preferably >45%; at 254 nm: Tw>60%, preferably >80%. The inside diameter of the discharge tube (11) may be larger than 1.2 times the value of the plasma channel diameter. The starting electrode (16) may be part of the reflector (30-33) or be connected electrically thereto. Flash capacitor (42) may be designed for a charging voltage above 370 volts, preferably above 400 volts.

Abstract: The cold cathode fluorescent flat lamp includes an enclosure chamber sealed by two reciprocally parallel plates of glass and containing a gas therein, an anode and a cathode disposed in the enclosure chamber, wherein the cathode is parallel to the anode, an auxiliary anode disposed between the anode and the cathode and being parallel to the cathode, wherein the auxiliary anode is attached to a surface of either plates of glass, and a printed circuit board for providing a voltage for the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp having a cap (2), an elongate discharge vessel (1) and strip-like outer electrodes (5a-5f) has a corresponding contact spring (7a-7f) for each outer electrode. These contact springs are arranged in the interior of the cap. The cap also includes a cap sleeve (6), which surrounds one end of the discharge vessel (1) in such a manner that the or each strip-like outer electrode (5a-5f) is in electrically conductive contact with the or a corresponding contact spring (7a-7f). Preferably, the transverse extent of the individual contact springs, at least in the region of the contact, is less than or equal to the width of the corresponding strip-like outer electrode. This design combines ease of installation of the cap with a reliable contact and a high lamp efficiency.

Abstract: In a lamp and method for fabricating the same, an outer surface of the lamp tube is dipped into a conductive transparent solution for forming an electrode by a predetermined depth, and then the lamp tube is pulled out from the solution. Accordingly, an electrode having different profiles is formed on the outer surface of the tube body. Also, the outer surface of the lamp tube is dipped into the solution by an acute angle, and is pulled out from the solution. Therefore, a problem of a nonuniform brightness between lamps is not generated, and light utilization efficiency is much enhanced even when using a plurality of lamp in parallel connected to a power supply.

Abstract: A non-oxidizing electrode arrangement for an excimer lamp that is formed by coating an electrode of the lamp with a layer of protective layer that prevents the electrode from oxidizing. The protective layer is preferably transparent and possesses a low permeability for oxygen (e.g., silicon oxide, magnesium fluoride, calcium fluoride). The interior of the excimer lamp is evacuated to a pressure level that is lower than the pressure level surrounding the excimer lamp at any time during the non-oxidizing electrode formation process in order to assist in preventing the excimer lamp from fracturing.

Abstract: A low pressure gas discharge lamp with a tubular discharge vessel is provided with two separate capacitive coupling members at its ends, the discharge vessel having a small inner diameter of preferably less than 5 mm. Each coupling member has a cylindrical tube of dielectric material. The electrical connection to the coupling members is realized by pressing a spring element having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical tube around this tube. The spring element tightly surrounds a metal body on the cylindrical tube while forming a number of contact points.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge type low pressure discharge lamp 11 includes dielectric barrier discharge type external electrodes 21, 22 on external ends of a tubular glass lamp vessel 10, electrically conductive material layers 31, 32 on the external surface of the tubular glass lamp vessel, and heat equalizing members 41, 42, which are provided on the electrically conductive material layer. With the constitution, the surface temperature of the external electrodes 21, 22 can be equalized with a local temperature rise avoided, thereby a longer life of the lamp can be assured.

Abstract: A light source device includes at least one discharge tube, a discharge medium sealed inside the discharge tube, and first and second electrodes for exciting the discharge medium. The first electrode is arranged inside or outside the discharge tube, and the second electrode has a plurality of contact portions at which the second electrode is in contact with an outer surface of the discharge tube. The contact portions are located at different distances from the first electrode and are provided discontinuously. Thus, it is possible to provide a light source device with an improved light emission efficiency, and a liquid crystal display device in which the light source device is employed.

Abstract: A light-emitting tube array display device includes a light-emitting tube array, a flexible sheet and a plurality of electrodes. The light-emitting tube array is constituted of a plurality of light-emitting tubes arranged in parallel. Each of the light-emitting tubes consists of narrow tube having a phosphor layer disposed and discharge gas filled inside. The flexible sheet is capable of flatly supporting the light-emitting tube array and deforming the light emitting tube array in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the light-emitting tubes. The plurality of electrodes are formed on a face of the flexible sheet opposed to the light-emitting tubes, which are capable of generating discharge inside the light-emitting tubes by an application of voltage. Each of the electrodes is formed of a metal film having a mesh pattern, a ladder pattern, or a comb-shape pattern.

Abstract: An external electrode fluorescent lamp and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed, in which indentations are provided in a surface of a glass tube filled with a discharge gas by etching, and external electrodes are formed at both ends of the glass tube, thereby realizing close adhesion between external electrode and the glass tube.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for an open chamber photoluminescent lamp. The photoluminescent planar lamp is gas-filled and contains photoluminescent materials that emit visible light when the gas emits ultraviolet energy in response to a plasma discharge. The lamp comprises first and second opposing plates manufactured from a glass material having a loss tangent ≦0.05%. In another embodiment the first and second plates have a dielectric constant greater than 5. In yet another embodiment, the first and second plates have a volume resistivity greater than 1×1012 &OHgr;cm.

Abstract: A discharge lamp of the short arc type having an arc tube, a hermetically sealed tube at each of opposite ends of the, a pair of electrodes which are located in the arc tube, electrode rods which support the electrodes, support parts which are each formed by part of one of the hermetically sealed tubes, optionally cylindrical retaining bodies which are each located within and welded to a respective one of the support parts and in which a respective one of the electrode rods time is held securely, and a trigger component which is located on an outer side surface of the support parts, the support parts of the respective hermetically sealed tube and/or the cylindrical retaining bodies are formed of a material that contains a metal or a metallic compound for increasing the dielectric constant. In this way, even with a great distance between the electrodes of the lamp and a high gas filling pressure, the operating properties of the lamp can be improved and it can be reliably operated at a low breakdown voltage.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp of this invention has a phosphor film formed on the inner wall surface and a discharge medium containing xenon-gas filled in the glass tube having the sealing portions at both ends. In this one end in the glass tube, an inner electrode is arranged and a first feeding lead wire connected to this inner electrode is connected to one of the sealing portion by penetrating airtight. On the outer surface of the glass tube, an outer electrode composed of a conductor spirally wound round it along the axial direction of the tube. At the other end of the glass tube, a second feeding lead wire is buried in the sealing portion and the other end is lead out of the glass tube. The end of this outer electrode is electrically connected to the second feeding lead wire and mechanically fixed there.

Abstract: The invention provides the high-intensity discharge lamp and the high-intensity discharge lamp lighting system and the lighting system using the high-intensity discharge lamp showing the low enough starting voltage. The high-intensity discharge lamp comprising a lighting-source bulb provided with an enclosure, a light-transmissive ceramic enclosure defining a pair of small-diameter cylinders communicating with the enclosure at both ends thereof, a pair of electrodes and discharge agent, a metallic coil which is wound on the outside surface of at least one small-diameter cylinder and coupled to the other end of the electrode to have the same potential with the electrode, a jacket-bulb which hermetically accommodates therein the lighting-source bulb and the metallic coil, and a pair of outer lead terminals which are coupled to the pair of electrodes and hermetically led outside the jacket-bulb.

Abstract: A liquid crystal picture screen provided with a backlight system which comprises at least one gas discharge lamp and at least one capacitive coupling system with a dielectric material with the composition [A′a1n1+A″a2n2+ . . . An′annn+] [B′b1m1+B″b2m2+ . . . Bm′bmmn+]O3, wherein the cations A′a1n1+A″a2n2+ . . . An′annn+ comprise at least one or several of the cations chosen from the group of Ba2+, Pb2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+, as well as possibly one or several of the cations chosen from the group of Cs1+, Rb1+, Tl1+, K1+, Pb2+, Ag1+, Sr2+, Na1+, Bi3+, La3+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Ce3+, Cd2+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Gd3+ and Sm3+, and the cations B′b1m1+B″b2m2+ . . .

Abstract: A flash discharge lamp includes a pair of electrodes i.e. an anode and a cathode, oppositely disposed in at both ends of the glass bulb. An electro-conductive member is provided on the outer surface of the glass tube. A triggering electrode is mounted on the cathode and electrically connected to the electro-conductive member. Xenon gas is sealed in the glass tube. The flash discharge lamp further includes at least one High Temperature Resistant electrode mounted on the cathode and at least one Getter electrode mounted on the cathode and/or the anode. Not only can the above design increase the discharge output power and the discharge frequency, but it also extends the life expectancy of the flash discharge lamp.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp having electrodes arranged on the wall of the discharge vessel has a VUV/VIS reflection layer (6) made of a material with a high secondary electron emission coefficient on at least a part of the inner wall of the discharge vessel. A luminescent material layer (7) is in turn applied on the VUV/VIS reflection layer (6). Moreover, at least one partial region (8) without luminescent material is provided in the luminescent material layer (7), this at least one partial region (8) partially uncovering the underlying VUV/VIS reflection layer (6) and additionally being arranged at least in direct proximity to one or more electrodes (4) of the lamp. As a result, the ignition behavior of the lamp is improved, in particular during ignition in darkness.

Abstract: A discharge lamp (1) with a base (2), suitable for operation by means of a dielectrically impeded discharge, has a spacing between the base (2) and the outer wall of the discharge vessel (3). The overall efficiency of the generation of UV radiation is improved thereby.

Abstract: An auxiliary antenna arranged around the discharge vessel of a gas discharge lamp comprising an outer bulb enclosing this discharge vessel is provided on the outer bulb. The advantages of an auxiliary start antenna can thus be enjoyed without being counterbalanced by an increased sodium diffusion.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp device which allows ultraviolet rays to be uniformly radiated onto a workpiece having a large surface area and which can be easily adapted to the size of workpiece. In the dielectric barrier, at least one dielectric barrier discharge lamp is arranged in a hermetically sealed casing which has a hollow longitudinally extending main part that is closed at both ends by end parts, at least a portion of the main part of the casing defining a window allowing light radiated from the at least one dielectric barrier discharge lamp to pass therethrough onto the workpiece. At least one end part of the casing is provided with a passage allowing inert gas to be introduced into the casing, and at least one end part of the casing is adapted to allow loading or unloading of the at least one dielectric barrier discharge lamp. A plurality of casings are arranged side by side with their windows facing the workpiece to be irradiated.

Abstract: An electrodeless discharge lamp includes a translucent bulb enclosing a luminous material; a coil for generating an alternating magnetic field that causes discharge in the luminous material; a power source for supplying an alternating current to the coil, the coil including a core and a winding provided near the bulb; and further includes startability improving means for improving startability of the lamp by generating a portion in which the alternating magnetic field generated by the coil is intensified in the bulb.

Abstract: A dry cleaning device which uses a double-cylinder type dielectric barrier discharge lamp 10a, 10b as a ultraviolet source. An outside electrode 2 in a trough-like shape is tightly contacted with the outer tube 1a of a discharge container 1, reflecting the ultraviolet light and directs it toward a workpiece 40. A cover 3 covers the outside electrode 2 for insulation of the outside electrode 2 from the ozone. In the clearance between the outer tube 1a of the discharge container 1 and an N2 introduction tube, an inside electrode 6 in a net-like shape is accommodated, nitrogen (N2) gas is caused to flow through the clearance for cooling the lamp 10a, 10b.

Abstract: In a novel method in the field of the production of discharge vessels, in particular for silent flat radiators, an exhaust tube 3 for evacuating and filling is inserted into an opening 2 in the discharge vessel, it being possible in a simple way by means of an adapter 4 to achieve optimum fitting and sealing between a square inner cross section of the opening 2 and a round outer cross section of the exhaust tube 3.

Abstract: A discharge lamp (20), such as a neon lamp, comprising a laminated envelope having a gas-discharge channel and at least one external electrode (44) in communication with the gas-discharge channel (20), the laminated envelope having a front surface (32) and a back surface (28) integrated together to form a unitary envelope body essentially free of any sealing materials. The external electrode (44) comprises an electrode surface integral with the laminated envelope and a conductive medium disposed on the electrode surface. The conductive medium may be conductive tape, conductive ink, conductive coatings, frit with conductive filler or conductive epoxies. The discharge lamp may comprise a laminated envelope including a plurality of separate gas-discharge channels and external electrodes in communication with the gas-discharge channels, whereby the discharge is driven in parallel.

Abstract: An arc discharge lamp comprising an arc tube including a starting aid is provided. The starting aid comprises at least one prealloyed powder bound to the surface of the arc tube.

Abstract: To enable the easy and adequately reliable cleaning of the inner surface of the chamber material, and as a result, to provide a dielectric barrier discharge lamp with good lighting characteristics and simplicity of manufacture, a dielectric barrier discharge lamp having a discharge chamber with a cylindrical, double-tube construction with an outer tube and an inner tube, in which the cylindrical discharge space formed between the outer tube and the inner tube is filled with a discharge gas in which excimer molecules are formed by a dielectric barrier discharge, two or more fluid distribution tube remnants connecting to each discharge chamber. It is preferable that the dielectric barrier discharge lamp described above have two or more fluid distribution tube remnants formed on opposite ends of the discharge chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a dielectric barrier discharge lamp capable of recovering reduced radiation efficiency by easily, quickly cleaning dust or discoloring of a discharge tube or replacing any defective discharge tube. For this end, an internal electrode 22 in a form of electrically conductive rod is inserted into a center hole of a dual discharge tube 20 having discharge gas filled in an internal space 21. Holders 40a and 40b are removably mounted on both ends of the internal electrode 22 using mounting screws 41. A protection tube 30 is mounted onto the holders 40 by way of sealing members 31, pressure blocks 32 and pressure rings 33 in such a manner to cover an external electrode 23 of the discharge tube 20. Cooling water or the like may be permitted to flow in a continuous space 45 formed between the internal electrode 22 and the discharge tube 20 and the holders 40.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp with a gas discharge vessel filled with a filling gas with a filling gas pressure p and at least one capacitive excitation structure. To improve the luminous efficacy of the gas discharge lamp, it is suggested that an electrode of a dielectric material forms at least one capacitive excitation structure, which electrode is connected to the gas discharge vessel and encloses at least one hollow space with a surface area A and a volume V, for which it is true that p·V/A<10 cmTorr. Such a dielectric or capacitive electrode, according to the invention, is shaped such that it has a hollow space which is closed off in a vacuumtight manner except for a communication to the gas discharge vessel. It has a surface area A on the inside of the electrode and surrounds a volume V. The dimensions of the hollow space are such that p·V/A<10 cmTorr, the filling gas pressure p being given in Torr.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp has at least one capacitive electrode of a dielectric material having a dielectric saturation polarization P and an effective surface A wherein the product of P·A>10−5 C. This lamp can be operated without drive electronics or a ballast, using power available at private households.

Abstract: At the outer boundary of a discharge container 1, a pair of opposed electrodes 3a and 4a and a pair of opposed electrodes 3b and 4b are disposed with a specified spacing being given between them, and to each pair of opposed electrodes, a high-frequency voltage is applied from a high-frequency, high-voltage power supply 8 through a limiting resistor 6a, 7a, and a limiting resistor 6b, 7b. Across each pair of opposed electrodes, a steamer of discharge plasma corresponding to the amperage of the discharge current is generated, however, by adjusting the resistance value of the above-mentioned limiting resistor 6a, 7a, and the resistance value of the limiting resistor 6b, 7b, the discharge current is appropriately set, and thus the streamers of discharge plasma generated across the pairs of opposed electrodes are made uniform.

Abstract: An electrodeless compact fluorescent lamp operated at a frequency from 50 KHz to 1000 KHz and RF power from 10 W to 40 W is described. The lamp includes a bulbous glass envelope (1) filled with rare gas and metal vapor, reentrant glass cavity (2), an induction coil (6) made from Litz wire, a ferrite assembly comprising a ferrite core (7) and MnZn ferrite disk (11), a cooling structure comprising a metal (or ceramic) tube (8) positioned inside the ferrite core (7) and a metal (or ceramic) unit (9) that transmits the heat from the cavity and ferrite assembly to the Edison socket (10), a thermal shield (12), and a driver and matching network located inside the lamp base (13). A protective coating (15) and phosphor coating (16) are coated on the inner surface of the envelope (1) and reentrant cavity (2). The reflective coating (17) made from alumina is coated on the inner surface of the cavity (2) and on the outer surface of the envelope bottom (4).

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp having electrical conduits on the outer surface of the gas discharge vessel. Electrical power is supplied to one end of the fluorescent tube, via a ballast assembly which is connected to a first electrode in the tube. The electrical conduits on the outer surface of the tube carry power to the electrode at the other end of the tube, thus eliminating the need for wiring within the tube mounting assembly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DBD lamp used in fluid treatment systems, where the irradiated fluid is used as a low voltage outer electrode instead of a metallic wire mesh. This fluid is in direct contact with the lamp envelope which acts as a two-fold advantage. First, the fluid acts as a strong built-in cooling source. This allows the lamp to be driven at high voltage without forced cooling. Second, the replacement of the wire mesh as the outer electrode by fluid as well as the sleeve eliminates the absorption of radiation from the outer surface of the said DBD-driven light source which more than doubles the efficiency of the DBD-driven light source. The inner high voltage electrode remains in the center of the coaxial tube assembly and provides high voltage across the gas to generate excimer formation.

Abstract: In a conventional electrodeless discharge lamp, a large amount of magnetic field leaks from at light-transparent envelope, and the efficiency of conversion from electric power to light energy is low. In a electrodeless discharge lamp in which light-emitting gases in a light-transparent envelope are excited with a magnetic field generated from a coil, end portions of a magnetic material included in the coil are substantially axially disposed in the light-transparent envelope. As a result, the magnetic flux which leaks outside the light-transparent envelope is decreased so the density of the magnetic flux in the envelope is increased and the efficiency of the lamp is improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dielectric barrier excimer lamp which is easy to handle, less expensive and improved in ultraviolet light beam irradiation efficiency to electric power and ultraviolet light beam irradiation efficiency to a work.

Abstract: An inductively driven gas discharge lamp assembly (20,40) which includes an electrodeless lamp (12,12′), an inductive drive coil (14), and a flux concentrator (22,42) disposed about the drive coil. The drive coil (14) is wound about the lamp (12,12′), which has a neon or other ionizable gas fill that provides a visible plasma discharge upon energization by the drive coil. The flux concentrator (22,42) can comprise a sleeve (24,44) of magnetically permeable material, such as ferrite, which confines the magnetic field generated by the drive coil (14). The flux concentrator (42) can include an end piece (46) that further confines the magnetic field at one end of the drive coil and c include a core piece (48) that extends into a central recess (50) within the lamp (12′) to concentrate the magnetic flux at a particular region within the lamp where the plasma discharge is primarily located.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp with a translucent part made of silica glass which contains OH radicals and in which damage of the silica glass by UV radiation can be suppressed and a sufficient amount of UV radiation can be obtained in a dielectric barrier discharge lamp, in which a silica glass discharge vessel is filled with a discharge gas which forms excimer molecules by a dielectric barrier discharge and which is at least partially provided with a translucent part, by the translucent part having a ratio of non-hydrogen bonding OH radicals to the total number of OH radicals which is less than or equal to 0.36.

Abstract: A luminescence controlling apparatus includes a rare gas pipe equipped with a pair of electrodes in which rare gas is sealed, a power supply for impressing voltage to the pair of electrodes and an electric charge absorption member for absorbing electrons generated during electric discharge of the rare gas pipe caused by impressing voltage to the pair of electrodes. The absorption member is disposed in the rare gas pipe. The luminescence controlling apparatus further includes a controller for controlling a luminescence amount of the rare gas pipe by adjusting a quantity of electrons absorbed by the electric charge absorption member.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is formed by a liquid crystal display panel for modulating light to form an image, and a back light unit including a lamp tube which is discharged by an electrode and is disposed behind said liquid crystal display panel, wherein said electrode is formed outside of said lamp tube. In this way, the liquid crystal display unit has a life span which can be increased without the need to replace the lamp tube or the back light unit.