Abstract: An ionization vacuum measuring cell comprises an anode (3A) and a cathode (4K) in a measuring chamber (107). The measuring chamber (107) is arranged in a housing (101) which has a vacuum-tight feedthrough (103) for a connection rod (104) of the cathode (4K) towards the outside. The measuring chamber (107) holds the rod (104) in a feedthrough (109) which is electrically insulating only. The measuring chamber (107) in the housing (101) can be exchanged by a releasable plug connection (106).

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing an electrode system, an electrode system prepared therefrom, and an electric device including the same. The method includes the steps of forming a porous template having nanopores on a first electrode, wherein a diameter of the nanopores is between 5 to nm 500 nm; and forming a rod-type/tube-type second electrode inside the nanopores which are connected to the first electrode, the electrode system prepared therefrom, and an electric device including the same. With the large surface area, the electrode system of the present research improves efficiency and performance of various electric devices. The contrast and respond speed of the electrochromic device can be increased, and the number of electron-hole pairs of a solar cell is increased. The loss of electron-hole pairs is minimized, and charge storage of the supercapacitor and charge respond speed is heightened.

Abstract: An “eggbeater” cathode comprising a transparent cathode including a plurality of longitudinally oriented cathode strips anchored at both ends between support discs and forming an open-walled hollow cylindrical structure. A cathode base is disposed substantially coaxially with a longitudinal axis of the transparent cathode and surrounded by the plurality of cathode strips, wherein the support discs secure the cathode strips to the cathode base and result in a cathode that is more robust in harsh operating environments compared with a simple transparent cathode.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a hollow electrode. The second substrate is combined with the first substrate to form a plurality of discharge spaces. The second substrate includes a plurality of recesses. The hollow electrode is disposed in each of the discharge spaces under the recesses of the second substrate, respectively. The surface light source device further includes an external electrode disposed on a lower surface of the first substrate corresponding to the hollow electrode. The external electrodes are on an outer surface of the lamp body, and are partially overlapped with the discharge spaces. The hollow electrode may have a rectangular tube or other suitable shape. As a result of the foregoing construction, the life span of the surface light source device may increase, and the light emitting efficiency may similarly increase.

Abstract: An improved corona generator structure includes a ground tube body sheathed within an insulating sleeve. One end of the ground tube body is provided with a sealing lid for being firmly coupled to the end portion of the ground tube body. At least one piece of high voltage electrode plate is coupled with the insulating sleeve. The high voltage electrode plate is provided with a plurality of spacers for allowing a gap of a substantially equal height to be formed between every area of the high voltage electrode plate and the insulating sleeve so as to uniformly distribute the corona on the high voltage electrode plate when electricity conducts therethrough. Furthermore, the two retaining sleeves are coupled to both end portions of the high voltage electrode plate and the insulating sleeve such that the high voltage electrode plate is firmly positioned on the insulating sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus to generate corona discharges that consists of (a) a ground electrode tube, (b) a single-opening insulating tube inserted into the ground electrode tube, (c) a high-voltage electrode tube inserted into the insulating tube, and (d) two insulating caps. An air gap is formed between the ground electrode tube and the insulating tube. The high-voltage tube is inserted in the center of the assembly, which is held in position by the insulating caps.

Abstract: A vacuum guage of the ionisation type having a guage head comprising a substantially cylindrical cathode sleeve with an inlet at one end for communication with the vacuum with an anode positioned co-axially within the cathode sleeve; the head also has a guard ring interposed between the cathode sleeve and the anode and a vacuum feed through arrangement in which the anode and the guard ring are held substantially concentrically within the cathode sleeve.

Abstract: To increase the frequency without restricting the power and vice versa, of vacuum tubes such as triodes and tetrodes for high-frequency amplification, especially for radio and television broadcasting designers are often limited by the relatively high output capacitance between the anode and the grid of the tube. To reduce this capacitance, especially when the tube is in a circuit for extracting energy from coupled cavities, the cavity coupling is integrated into the tube itself.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a high-voltage lead-through arrangement for introducing a high voltage into an enclosure wherein a vacuum is maintained such as for particle-beam apparatus. The arrangement includes: a high-voltage electrode for carrying a high potential; an insulator enclosing the high-voltage electrode and having a surface defining a boundary with the vacuum; and, an outer low-voltage electrode surrounding the insulator for carrying a low potential. The electrodes are spaced from each other by an electrode spacing measured along the surface of the insulator. The high-voltage electrode and the insulator conjointly define a first region wherein the high potential is present to a good approximation; and the first region is bounded by the insulator surface for a first distance of up to approximately 1/10 of the electrode spacing.

Abstract: An electron tube comprises an evacuated envelope including an anode forming a section of the envelope and a plurality of alternatively-disposed metallic and insulating annular members. The anode includes an anode ring having a plurality of slots formed therein to provide stress reduction. The anode ring is attached to one of the metallic members thereby providing a low impedance electrical interconnection therebetween.