Abstract: A light-emitting structure (306) contains a main section (302), a pattern of ridges (314) situated along the main section, and a plurality of light-emissive regions (313) situated in spaces between the ridges. The light-emissive regions produce light of various colors upon being hit by electrons. The ridges, which extend further away from the main section than the light-emissive regions, are substantially non-emissive of light when hit by electrons. Each ridge includes a dark region. The ridges thereby form a raised black matrix that improves contrast and color purity. The dark region of each ridge may be formed with metal, ceramic, semiconductor, or carbide. Each ridge may include an additional region (314b) of different chemical composition than the dark region.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube device has multiple elements for generating a display. Each of the relatively large number of elements has its own electron gun and deflection assembly. A large number of these subunits are connected into a regular array in which each unit generates a portion of the overall display. The individual gun and deflection assemblies are preferably formed in a framework which serves to both align and position the individual assemblies, and further to provide structural support for the evacuated tube.

Abstract: A flat screen display constructed through use of cold cathode field emission devices, wherein the devices serve to support the structural integrity of the resultant assembly, and wherein edge emission is utilized to energize luminescent material in support of the display function.

Abstract: An electron beam display device which has high contrast and excellent image quality, by eliminating halation due to re-collision of the electrons in the fluorescent element area. The electron beam display device includes a face glass on which an image is formed, a cathode for emitting electron beams, a fluorescent element layer on the face glass and facing the cathode, with which layer electron beams collide to emit light for forming an image on the face glass, an aluminum layer as anode on the fluorescent element layer, and a carbon layer on the aluminum layer, having a thickness sufficient to prevent electrons, reflected in the aluminum anode layer by collision of electron beams with the aluminum anode layer, from coming back into the face glass.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an electron beam generating source for generating the electrons which travel in parallel with each other and an extraction electrode for extracting the electron beams from the generated electrons. A control electrode is also included for selectively controlling a second quantity of electrons in the electron beams which have passed through the extraction electrode and a horizontal deflection electrode for electrostatically deflecting the electron beams. A vertical deflection electrode is provided for deflecting the electron beams which have passed through the horizontal deflection electrode. The vertical deflection electrode has a first comb-shaped conductive sheet having first parallel members and a second comb-shaped conductive sheet having second parallel members. The first members and the second members are alternatively formed adjacent to each in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: Picture display device having a vacuum envelope for displaying pictures composed of pixels on a luminescent screen, comprising a plurality of juxtaposed sources for producing electrons, local electron ducts cooperating with the sources and having walls of electrically insulating material with a secondary emission coefficient suitable for electron transport for transporting, through vacuum, produced electrons in the form of electron currents through juxtaposed trajectories at a short distance from the luminescent screen, and means for withdrawing each electron current at predetermined locations from its duct and directing it towards a desired location on the luminescent screen for producing a picture composed of pixels.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cathodluminescent apparatus, which is capable of adjusting brightness and which is less expensive and economical, and a phosphor powder for the same. The apparatus comprises: a line electron gun having a line cathode and an intermediate electrode, which is capable of extracting electrons from the line cathode, of linearly focusing electrons extracted and of reciprocatively scanning electrons focused; an anode for accelerating electrons emitted from the line electron gun, the anode having an electric conductive section formed on a substrate; a phosphor screen being made of phosphor particles on the electric conductive section; and a container being evacuated to a vacuum for cathodluminescence. The phosphor powder suitably used for the above-described cathodluminescent apparatus should be composed of primary particles of Y.sub.2 O.sub.2 S polycrystal which are almost spherical with their surfaces formed rough.

Abstract: A flat display apparatus is disclosed which includes a grid interposed between and spaced apart from control electrodes and an electron source. The grid which includes holes has a higher potential applied than the one applied to a cathode so as to enable electrons to pass through the holes. An additional grid may be interposed between and spaced apart from the grid and the control electrodes. Alternatively, a rear electrode is located between adjacent porous cover electrodes to connect them, and a second rear electrode is located near the rear electrode and has a lower potential applied than the one applied to the cover electrodes.

Abstract: A FED including an integrally formed electrostatic lens with an aperture having a diameter which is dis-similar from an aperture of the FED gate to effect a reduction in electron beam cross-section. By forming the FED with an electrostatic lens aperture of increased diameter relative to the diameter of the gate aperture a reduced sensitivity with respect to lens thickness and location is realized as is a relaxation of electrostatic lens fabrication constraints. Image display devices employing such integrally formed electrostatic lens systems may be provided wherein pixel cross-sections as small as two microns are realized.

Abstract: A flat screen cathode ray tube is self supporting of a phosphor coated glass face place in that a multiplicity of support points or lines of support extend from an addressing grid structure to contact the inside surface of the face plate between pixels. A cathode or back plate is similarly supported against the addressing structure. The addressing structure itself is formed of a series of ceramic plates or layers, assembled in an unfired state wherein the ceramic and/or glass materials are held together with a plastic binder and are flexible and easily handled. A matrix of very small holes is formed in each plate, one hole for each of the R, G and B components of each pixel in a color display.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light emitting devices which emit light upon impingement of thermoelectrons on a front panel having fluorescent elements and where an array of cathodes and electrodes are provided on a substrate within each light emitting device. Thus, in the present invention, first electrode leads having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of the substrate are inserted into and through the substrate, and second electrode leads having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of the rear panel are inserted into and through the rear panel, and the first and second electrode leads are connected such that the substrate is supported at a distance above the rear panel.

Abstract: The source includes columns (4) emitting electrons and lines (6) whose potential evolves up to a positive value Vl. The screen also includes at least one additional column (24) common to all the lines, means (28) to bring this additional column to a negative potential so that, irrespective of the potential of the lines it crosses, electrons may be emitted in the crossing zones, at least one additional anode (26) opposite the additional column, and means (30) to bring this additional anode to a positive potential of less than Vl. Each line is controlled by a single output transistor (32) which brings it to Vl when it is activated and disconnects it from the voltage source Vl when it is disactivated. Application for microtip screens.

Abstract: A flat, thin picture display device has a transparent face plate and a rear plate and a large number of electron sources and local electron transport ducts cooperating therewith. A selection plate arranged between the face plate and the rear plate has an arrangement of apertures which defines locations for withdrawing electrons from the electron transport ducts and, aligned therewith, a row of apertures defining locations for the electron sources.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube includes an envelope having a rectangular face plate and a rectangular, flat rear plate opposed to the face plate. A phosphor screen is formed on the inner surface of the face plate and has a number striped phosphor layers extending in parallel to one another, and a plurality of regions which are independently scanned by electron beams. A mask support mechanism for supporting a shadow mask in the envelope comprises first mask support members fixed to the inner surface of the rear plate and situated to face first longitudinal ends of the phosphor layers, second mask support members fixed to the inner surface of the rear plate and situated to face second longitudinal ends of the phosphor layers, and central mask support members fixed to the inner surface of the rear plate and situated between the first and second support portions. The shadow mask is supported on the mask support members while being applied with a tensile force in the longitudinal direction of the phosphor layers.

Abstract: This invention is about new cathode structures involving the FEAs (field emitter arrays) and the application of these new cathode structures in EFD (Electron Fluorescent Display), EFLCD (Electron Fluorescent Liquid Crystal Display) and MFD (Microtip Fluorescent Display) type direct matrix addressed type display. One aspect of this invention is related to eliminating the difficulty large area FEA cathode manufacturing by combining the control apparatus of EFD and EFLCD with the efficient electron emission process of the FEA. The second aspect of this invention is related to the employment of local embedded circuit components to help enhancing the uniformity of the electron emitting process of FEA. The preferred embodiments of the invented cathode structure in EFD or EFLCD employ multiple pieces of field emitter arrays sparsely disposed inside a vacuum chamber to generate the electron clouds which is then accelerated and controlled by other control means of EFD or EFLCD structures.

Abstract: Picture display device having a vacuum envelope with a front wall supporting a luminescent screen at its inner side and a rear wall at a short distance therefrom, connected by side walls. The envelope accommodates a plurality of adjacent electron sources and juxtaposed, local electron ducts cooperating with these sources and having walls of substantially electrically insulating material having a secondary emission coefficient which is suitable for transporting, through vacuum, produced electrons in the form of electron currents. Means are provided to make each electron current substantially travel along a particular wall of its electron duct, as well as means for withdrawing each electron current at predetermined locations from its duct and directing it towards the luminescent screen for producing a picture composed of pixels.

Abstract: Both side walls in a periodic magnetic lens device which are arranged in parallel with a planar fluorescent display surface and which define therebetween electron beam paths for guiding electron beams are formed in a shape which is concave-curved, and accordingly, the guide paths have a cross-sectional shape which is substantially rotationally symmetric in order to increase the possible travel distance of an electron beam.

Abstract: Picture display device having a vacuum envelope for displaying pictures composed of pixels on a luminescent screen, comprising a plurality of juxtaposed sources for producing electrons, local electron ducts cooperating with the sources and having walls of electrically insulating material with a secondary emission coefficient suitable for electron transport for transporting, through vacuum, produced electrons in the form of electron currents through juxtaposed trajectories at a short distance from the luminescent screen, and means for withdrawing each electron current at predetermined locations from its duct and directing it towards a desired location on the luminescent screen for producing a picture composed of pixels.

Abstract: A vacuum envelop is formed of at least a flat and rectangular faceplate 21 on which a fluorescent screen is formed, a side wall 22 extending in a direction, which is substantially perpendicular to the faceplate 21, from a peripheral portion of the faceplate, and a rearplate 23 opposing to the faceplate 21. A plurality of rod-shaped support members 31 whose top end portions are wedge-shaped are arranged between the faceplate 21 and the rearplate 23, and a ratio t/P is set to 0.05 or more where t is a thickness of the faceplate and P is an interval between adjacent support members.

Abstract: A flat, visible display device includes a backing plate and electrode, cathode wires extending parallel thereto, a face plate with a phosphorescent screen, an anode electrode, and an address plate with first and second addressing electrodes arranged in a crossing matrix pattern to selectively scan electrons. A first accelerating electrode is installed parallel to the same to form a thermal electron output section. Thermal electrons are accelerated to the electric field of the accelerating electrode to which a positive voltage is applied to form a space charge cloud of free electrons between the address plate and the accelerating electrode. The first and second addressing electrodes are selectively supplied with voltage to pass electrons through the apertures of the address plate to form a picture on the screen. The second addressing electrode is supplied with positive voltage, and backing and cut-off electrodes are supplied with a negative voltage to form a preliminary space charge cloud of free electrons.

Abstract: An electrode structure including a plurality of beam control electrodes, a plurality of electrically insulating spacers disposed between each pair of neighboring members of the beam control electrodes, an electrode substrate, a plurality of metallic pins planted on the beam control electrode so as to extend therefrom through the electrode substrate, and a fixing member mounted on each of the metallic pins from behind the electrode substrate for retaining the beam control electrodes.

Abstract: In a planar type display device, deterioration of the picture quality caused by distortion of laminated electrodes due to temperature rise in use is prevented by laminating the electrodes having such a structure that each electrode plate is free from expansion and contract by thermal expansion. Securing means spacers 23 thicker slightly than electrode plates are inserted in holes of the electrode plates 21a to 21e, securing means pin 24 is passed therethrough holding electrode plate spacers 22 therebetween, forming laminated electrode group 5. Since the respective electrode plates have slight gaps in a thickness direction and the electrode plates are free from expansion and contraction and do not distorted at the time of thermal expansion.

Abstract: Electric discharge element comprising a cathode which cooperates with an electron duct cavity which is defined by walls of electrically insulating material having a secondary emission coefficient .delta., which cavity has an output aperture, while electrode means which can be connected to a voltage source are provided for applying, in operation, an electric field across a path in the cavity from the cathode to the output aperture so as to enable electron transport through the cavity.

Abstract: A flat CRT display tube has a faceplace (11) with a fluorescent pixel screen (33) on its interior face. An area cathode assembly has an orthogonal array of segment electrodes (27) with overlying heater wires (25) spaced above them. A control assembly (38) arrayed between the cathode assembly and the screen includes orthogonal arrays of row electrodes (20) and column electrodes (21) with an overlying anode (19). A frame (18) supports the cathode assembly and the control assembly, and is itself supported by the tube's envelope, preferably by its faceplate (11).

Abstract: A novel parallel-filament type electron gun for electron beam irradiation accelerators or generators and the like having a plurality of longitudinally extending parallel transversely spaced substantially co-planar similar filaments for generating electrons and disposed between a lower co-extensive extractor grid and an upper co-extensive electrostatic lens surface for shaping the electron beam profile, and with constructional features that enable variable width and extremely wide guns to be achieved and with improved beam uniformity.

Abstract: There is disclosed a display apparatus including a rear electrode unit, electron beam generating sources, a front electrode unit including a plurality of electron beam control electrodes laminated together with insulating spacers therebetween, and a face plate formed with a fluorescent screen. The front electrode is coupled together by first metallic coupling pins fixed on the electron beam control electrode arranged to confront the fluorescent screen. The rear electrode unit is coupled with the electrode unit by second metallic coupling pins fixed to one of the electron beam control electrodes other than the electron beam control electrode confronting the fluorescent screen.

Abstract: In a cathodoluminescent display device, spacer elements are used to provide rigid mechanical support between the face and back plates when the chamber of the device is evacuated so that thin face and back plates may be used even for large-screen displays. The spacer support includes a spacer plate having holes therein for passage of electrons between the anode and cathode where a predetermined small number of one or more pixel dots corresponds to and spatially overlaps one hole, thereby reducing crosstalk. Shadow-reducing electrodes are employed on the back plate and spacer members alongside the cathode to cause the path of electrons from the cathode to the anode to bend towards the spacer members in order to reduce shadows caused by the presence of the spacer members. Various configurations of the two or three sets of grid electrodes may be employed to improve resolution and focusing.

Abstract: A flat tube display apparatus wherein a row of many electron beam generators is arranged transversely in a thin flat vacuum tube body to generate a number of beams in parallel with each other which travel in parallel with an image screen and to deflect the beams toward the image screen at a predetermined position. The beams are guided without being widely diverged due to the provision of a number of side walls arranged in parallel with each other to confine beams and due to the provision of alternately strong and weak magnetic fields along the side walls. Image brightness can be further increased by a frit-glass-laminated structure of a multiplier or microchannel.

Abstract: A planar display apparatus with a fluorescent screen formed on the inner surface of a front panel in a planar tube body. An electron gun is disposed at a position deviated in a vertical scanning direction from a region opposite the fluorescent screen, and a vertical deflecting electrode composed of a plurality of parallel electrodes is disposed at an opposite portion relative to the fluorescent screen on the side of a back panel opposed to the front panel of the planar tube body. In a space between the vertical deflecting electrode and the fluorescent screen, there is disposed an electrode structure having at least an electron lens scanning electrode composed of a plurality of parallel electrodes, a splitting electrode for splitting an electron beam from the electron gun into a plurality of beams, a modulating electrode, and horizontal deflection electrodes.

Abstract: A matrix-addressed flat panel display is disclosed herein and includes a face structure having a phosphor coated viewing surface and a transparent backing structure spaced a predetermined distance from and in confronting relationship with the viewing surface of the face structure. The display also includes a matrix array of individual electron generating elements positioned between the backing structure and the face structure and address means for energizing selected ones of the electron generating elements so as to establish a desired light pattern on the viewing surface of the face structure. This matrix array and address means are configured such that the desired light pattern is readily viewable through the backing structure, matrix array and address means.

Abstract: In a flat configuration color display CRT in which one or more rows of electron beams are generated with the electron beams passing through respective apertures in successively disposed electrodes including horizontal deflection electrodes, apertures formed in an electrode positioned adjacent to the horizontal deflection electrodes have a central axis position displacement with respect to corresponding apertures of the horizontal deflection electrodes. A trajectory correction voltage which varies during each vertical scanning interval is applied to that adjacent electrode to execute dynamic adjustment of electron beam landing positions and thereby correct for an angular positioning error between a fluorescent layer pattern of the CRT and the electrode structure.

Abstract: In a flat display having data-side address electrodes and scanning-side address electrodes arranged in the form of an XY matrix on the respective surfaces of a board, an apparatus for and a method of driving the electrodes by applying a horizontal scanning signal to the scanning-side electrodes successively, applying an image signal to every other data-side address electrode, applying a correction voltage signal of a specified fixed voltage value to the electrodes on opposite sides of each address electrode receiving the image signal, and alternately applying the image signal and the correction signal as replaced by each other to the data-side address electrodes for every scan.

Abstract: A picture display device using direct heating type linear cathodes as electron beam sources. Inorganic material vibration prevention elements having a hole thereon are provided. The linear cathodes penetrate the vibration prevention elements at one end part or both end parts of respective linear cathodes. This damps vibrations occurring at the time when an external force is applied and cuase them to cease rapidly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescent display apparatus of high brightness illumination which is applied to a display apparatus of large picture screen or the like. The display apparatus of the present invention is comprised of a plurality of segments (13) to which a high voltage is applied, a cathode (K), a plurality of control electrodes (G2) disposed in correspondence with each of the respective segments (13) and a common electron beam deriving means (G1) disposed between the cathode (K) and the control electrodes (G2) in correspondence with the plurality of segments (13R), (13G) and (13B), whereby the segements (13) are selectively illuminated by controlling the voltages of each of the control electrodes (G2). Thus, these electrodes can all be shaped as flat plates without causing a cross-talk and the structure of the display apparatus can be simplified.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a plurality of line cathodes arranged horizontally in parallel with each other; an electron beam leading electrode device allowing a plurality of electron beams radiated from the line cathodes to pass therethrough; a signal electrode device for controlling quantity of the electron beams passing therethrough according to a video signal; a focusing electrode device for focusing the electron beams; a horizontal deflecting eletrode device for electrostatically deflecting the electron beams horizontally; a vertical deflecting electrode device, for electrostatically deflcting the electron beams vertically, comprising of a pair of comblike conductive plates each having vertical teeth spaced to intervals, opposed to each other, and alternating with each other in the same plane, electron beams which pass through the vertical deflecting electrode device crossing over in a vertical section thereof and being focused; and a display device which emits a light as a result of a collison of

Abstract: An image display device includes comb-shaped horizontal deflection electrodes disposed interleavingly in a first plane with a space therebetween for forming electron beam passages and comb-shaped vertical deflection electrodes disposed interleavingly in a second plane adjacent and parallel to the first plane. The capacitance between the horizontal deflection electrode confronting the vertical deflection electrodes and the capacitance between the horizontal deflection electrode confronting the vertical deflection electrode are made equal to each other. Also, the capacitance of the vertical deflection electrode confronting the horizontal deflection electrodes and the capacitance of the vertical deflection electrode confronting the horizontal deflection electrodes are made equal to each other, whereby the voltage effect induced by the other deflection electrode can be canceled and a good quality image can be obtained.

Abstract: A flat display panel assembly includes an evacuated glass envelope having a faceplate, a source of electron beams, a control electrode assembly including a stack of electrode substrates each having a predetermined pattern of electrode holes defined therein, and anodes formed by depositing phosphor material on the faceplate in correspondence with the electrode holes in the electrode substrates. At least one of the electrode substrates is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the remaining electrode substrates. The electrodes holes in such one of the electrode substrates are so defined and so arranged as to be offset from the corresponding electrode holes in the other electrode substrates by an increasing as a distance increases from a center portion of the electrode assembly towards the perimeter of the electrode assembly. With the electrode holes so defined and so arranged, the electrode substrates are movably supported to accomodate the thermal expansion.

Abstract: A cathodoluminescent device employs elongated grid electrodes such as small gauge wires for addressing and controlling the brightness of the display, thereby increasing the osmotic coefficient of the grid electrodes. End portions of the cathode filaments are bent into springs to reduced cold terminal effects. The edges of the face plate of the device are curved to reduced the visual effects of mosaic slots. The display may be operated at low anode voltage with increased luminescence so that full screen scanning is possible. Different sections of narrow strips forming a staggered structure strengthens the integrity of the device and reduces dark areas in the display.

Abstract: A flat configuration image display apparatus electron beam generator equipped with cold cathodes for generating a plurality of electron beams in response to image signals fed from an image signal supply circuit, and electron beam control electrodes for selectively energizing the cold cathodes of the electron beam generator in accordance with a scanning line selection signal. The electron beam generator is further equipped with at least an array of n base electrodes extending in vertical directions of a screen of the image display apparatus where n is an integer equal to or greater than 3, and a predetermined number of the cold cathodes are disposed on each of the base electrodes. The image signals are independently applied through terminal leaders to the base electrodes, the terminal leaders being led up to outsides of a vacuum housing of the image display apparatus.

Abstract: An electron beam emitting device, includes a surface conduction type of thin film device having an electron emitting area and at least a pair of electrodes for passing current through the electron emitting area, and a voltage applicator for applying a voltage independently on each of the electrodes, the voltage applicator applying a voltage on each electrode so that each of the electrodes may become higher or lower in potential relative to the other electrode.

Abstract: A display device having a row of emitting elements and an electron-optical system for the electron beams emitted by the said elements. The electron-optical system includes bodies to which common row electrodes are secured so that the assembly of the electron-optical system is simplified. The electrodes may be provided either as separate elements fitting into slots in the body walls, or as layers on the walls, formed for example by vacuum evaporation.

Abstract: An electron feeder for a flat-type luminous device capable of providing electrons sufficient to ensure the uniform luminance of a whole display section irrespective of a distance from an electron source. A plurality of front electrodes and a plurality of rear electrodes constituting an electron beam guide are arranged separate from one another in the direction of traveling of the electrons, respectively, and the front electrode and rear electrode corresponding to each other constitute each guide electrode section. The so-constructed guide electrode sections are alternately applied thereto two different voltages, resulting in the electron beam guide exhibiting the function of focusing electrons.

Abstract: A flat configuration CRT having positioned behind one or more line cathodes an array of control electrodes for electron beam modulation and shield electrodes for mutually shielding the control electrodes, in which the shield electrodes are connected as a plurality of electrically separate blocks. DC voltages applied to the respective blocks are adjusted such as to establish identical levels of beam current for electron beams which are generated by emission from the line cathodes, thereby enabling accuracy requirements for spacing between these electrodes and the line cathodes to be substantially reduced.

Abstract: A picture display device includes an envelope having a faceplate, having an inner surface formed with a phosphor screen, and a back covering coupled to the faceplate to define an evacuated chamber; filament-like cathode electrodes and electron beam control electrodes disposed within the evacuated chamber for emitting electron beams towards the phosphor screen; a cathode electrode support member for retaining the cathode electrodes and having one of opposite surfaces held in contact therewith; a shape retention plate for retaining at least the cathode electrodes and the support member in a predetermined curved shape; a plurality of support struts for fixing the shape retention plate in a face-to-face relationship with the phosphor screen; and a reinforcement grid structure disposed in contact with a surface of the shape retention plate opposite that facing the phosphor screen so as to follow the curvature of the shape retention plate.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube apparatus uses a ribbon electron beam to illuminate one line of information at a time on the display surface of the tube. The resulting increase in scanning speed allows for a reduced beam current density and corresponding reduction in electrostatic spreading. The beam is focusable to a smaller spot which allows enhanced image resolution. Velocity filters enhance resolution in the plane of the ribbon beam. A linear modulation assembly allows the ribbon beam to be modulated prior to deflection, removing the need for a full modulation grid. Thin septa are provided to support the tube against compressive external forces. The septa are tapered near the display surface where septum electrodes draw electrons of the beam toward the septa near the display surface to prevent image discontinuity.

Abstract: A flat display includes a front panel having a fluorescent screen on its rear side, a rear panel defining a flat space with the front panel, linear filament cathodes arranged close to the rear panel, and an address electrode plate having a multiplicity of apertures and disposed close to the front panel. The rear panel is formed on its inner surface with spacer ridges each extending on each side of each filament cathode therealong and having a height to reach the address electrode plate. The spacer ridges give the flat display improved strength against pressure.

Abstract: A flat panel type display provided with a screen, control electrodes divided in a horizontal direction of the screen, light emitting fluorescent material formed on the control electrodes, a mesh-like electrode, scanning electrodes each divided in a vertical direction of the screen and facing the mesh-like electrode, an electron source for generating electron beams in the horizontal direction of the screen and deflection unit for deflecting the beams in the vertical direction. The deflection unit is provided with a signal supply device for applying first and second voltage levels to each scanning electrode. The first voltage level is at a level similar to that applied to the control or mesh-like electrode. The second voltage level is substantially less than the first voltage level.

Abstract: A flat panel display device which comprises a face glass plate, a metal container assembled to the face glass plate through a frit glass for providing an envelope for accommodating electron beam generating means and electron beam control means, the metal container including an outer container made of a thin metal plate and an inner container separately assembled to the inside of the outer container for acting as a pressure resistive container for supporting air pressure. Only the outer container is joined to the face glass plate.

Abstract: A flat panel display device includes a face plate made of a transparent material, a back plate positioned parallel to the face plate, and a wall member extending between the face plate and back plate to define an airtight housing. An anode is provided on a inner surface of the face plate, a fluorescent layer is provided in association with the anode, and a cathode is provided in association with an inner surface of the back plate. A plurality of struts, made of an electrically conductive screen printed powdery material, are tightly held between the back plate and the face plate, such that an electric charge accumulated between the anode and cathode is discharged by a leakage current flowing through the struts.

Abstract: An electrical beam switch for interconnection between a plurality of inputs and outputs and includes a two-dimensional array of electrically charged particle emitters and an array of detectors facing the emitter array for receiving charged particles from various of the emitters. X and y electrical deflectors are positioned adjacent each of the emitters for directing the charged particles from each of the emitters to a selected one or more of the detectors. A screen lens may be positioned adjacent the array of detectors for focusing the directed beams on to the selected detector.