Abstract: A fluorescent lamp has two phosphor layers, the phosphor of the first layer being less expensive than the phosphor of the second layer. The second phosphor layer improves the lamp efficiency.

Abstract: Color-corrected HID mercury-vapor lamp provides good color rendition of illuminated objects and also has a commercially desirable emission color. The lamp incorporates the usual arc tube which emits both ultraviolet radiations and visible radiations and the color-correcting phosphor components are carried on the inner surface of an outer protective envelope and comprise three different phosphor components. A first of the phosphor components has an emission confined to the shorter wavelength region of the visible spectrum with a peak of emission at from 440 nm to 470 nm. A second of the phosphor components is confined to the middle wavelength region of the visible spectrum with a peak of emission at from 520 nm to 560 nm and the third of the phosphor components has an emission confined to the longer wavelength region of the spectrum with its peak of emission at from 605 nm to 630 nm.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamps having colors similar to standard white can be prepared using two phosphor compositions. A blue emitting phosphor having a peak emission with a specified range and a 50% band width within a specified range is used with specific amounts of a yellow-emitting phosphor having a 50% band width within a specified range and a peak emission within a specified range provide a lamp having the same chromaticity as a standard white lamp with a higher lumer per watt than the standard white lamp. In one embodiment the blue emitting component has a second specific peak emission and a specific 50% bandwidth.

Abstract: A green light-emitting fluorescent material prepared from terbium-activated lanthanum cerium orthophosphate expressed by the structural formula:La.sub.x Tb.sub.y Ce.sub.z PO.sub.4where:x+y+z=10.05<x<0.350.05<y<0.30.6<z<0.9and a fluorescent lamp comprising said green light-emitting fluorescent material used alone or in combination with any other form of fluorescent material.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamp for bio-medical treatment of skin disorders includes a layer 28 of phosphor within the lamp which phosphor absorbs short wavelength U.V. radiation and re-emits the absorbed energy at a longer wavelength.

Abstract: For fluorescent lamps which use a double layer of phosphor with manganese-activated zinc silicate phosphor in the overlying layer, a small predetermined amount of finely-divided antimony oxide is added to the first phosphor layer coating paint which, after application, is lehred at a temperature which is sufficient to volatilize the organic binder but which is insufficient to volatilize more than a minor proportion of the antimony oxide. Thereafter, the second phosphor layer coating paint which includes the zinc silicate is applied over the first-applied layer and the applied second layer coating paint is then lehred at a temperature which is sufficient to volatilize an appreciable portion of the residual antimony oxide in the first-applied layer to cause the volatilized antimony oxide to contact the zinc silicate.

Abstract: A luminescent discharge lamp to efficiently stimulate balanced undistorted plant growth, the lamp emitting radiation having a spectral energy distribution such that the energy in the 400-500 nanometer (nm), 590-640 nm, 640-690 nm, and 690-800 nm bands are approximately in proportions of 1:2.6:1.3:1.2. The enumerated spectral energy distribution provides for a very high plant growth rate with balanced plant growth. Preferably, the lamp comprises a band-emitting phosphor blend consisting essentially of about 95% by weight stannous tin activated strontium calcium magnesium orthophosphate and about 5% by weight of divalent europium activated strontium chloroapatite and phosphor having a line emission concentrated at 610 nanometer consisting essentially of trivalent europium activated yttrium oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescent lamp of the reflective layer type comprising a first phosphor layer and a second phosphor layer laminated partially on the first phosphor layer. The first phosphor layer is formed on the entire face in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of a glass tube, and the second phosphor layer is formed on the first phosphor layer at a certain coating angle along the axial direction of the glass tube. The average particle size of the phosphor constituting the first phosphor layer is different from the average particle size of the phosphor constituting the second phosphor layer. In the fluorescent lamp of the reflective layer type having this structure, a high illuminance can be obtained.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamp incorporates tin oxide conductive coating on the envelope interior surface and the lamp also incorporates phosphor means comprising manganese-activated zinc silicate phosphor, which may be used as a blend constituent. The lamp is processed in such a manner as to improve the performance of the zinc silicate phosphor. In order to improve the adherence of the phosphor to the tin oxide conductive coating, the tin oxide is overcoated with a film of sub-micron-size aluminum oxide and, in accordance with the present processing, there is included with the aluminum oxide finely divided antimony oxide. The phosphor is then overcoated onto the mixed film of aluminum oxide and antimony oxide, and during the later lehring processing of the coated phosphor, the antimony oxide is volatilized to contact the zinc silicate phosphor to improve the performance thereof.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp construction is described utilizing a particular combination of two different phosphor materials in order to produce more efficient emission of white color light and whose color temperature can be controlled. The particular phosphor combination can be utilized as a blended mixture; and the color point of the lamp emission can be adjusted to approximate black body radiation emission such as incandescent lamp emission with negligible loss in optimum luminous efficacy.

Abstract: High-intensity-discharge lamp is fabricated in a fashion generally similar to a standard high-pressure-mercury lamp which has a red-emitting phosphor coated on the outer envelope. In the present lamp, the discharge-sustaining filling in the arc tube is modified to include a small, predetermined proportion of cadmium which adds radiations of a wavelength of about 490 nm to the composite lamp emission. The resulting composite emission has greatly improved color-rendering properties as compared to a similar lamp which does not incorporate the cadmium addition to the arc tube filling.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp with reflective layer of the present invention has a first phosphor layer and a second phosphor layer which are partially laminated. The first phosphor layer is formed on the whole inner surface of the glass tube, and the second phosphor layer is formed on the first phosphor layer at a predetermined angle of reflection along the axial direction of the glass tube. The laminated portions of the first and second phosphor layers substantially form a reflective layer, and the other portions form a transmitting layer.

Abstract: An efficient fluorescent lamp of high brightness and compact size is provided by forming the envelope from vitreous tubing that is bent into three U-shaped sections which are disposed in mutually perpendicular planes and define a single convoluted discharge channel. The U-shaped sections are so oriented that the legs of the U's are disposed in quadrangular columnar array with the ends of the tubing located adjacent one another and opposite one of the U-bends. Conventional electrode-stem assemblies are sealed into the ends of the bent tubing and the sealed legs are coupled to each other and the proximate U-bend by brace means which rigidifies the multi-section envelope. An efficient method of manufacturing the envelope employing a pair of arcuate molding components and two bending operations that form the three U-bends with only a single tibe-heating operation is also disclosed.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamps have a predetermined correlated color temperature and a combined efficiency and good color rendition of illuminated objects. The lamps utilize a two-layer phosphor coating comprising a layer coated onto the envelope interior surface and formed of a very high performance three-component blend which includes a blue-emitting phosphor, a green-emitting manganese-activated zinc silicate phosphor, and a red-orange emitting phosphor, all mixed in predetermined amounts and relative proportions to provide an emission of approximate predetermined x-y coordinates. Under some conditions, the phosphor blend when used as a single layer is subject to depreciation of the light output of the green component, particularly in the vicinity of the lamp electrodes which results in color shifts which are objectionable from an aesthetic standpoint.

Abstract: High-pressure mercury-vapor lamp incorporates a special phosphor mixture on the interior surface of the outer envelope. The phosphor mixture comprises predetermined proportions and predetermined amounts of blue-violet-emitting phosphor, blue-green-emitting phosphor and red-emitting phosphor. When the composite emission of the phosphor mixture is combined with the visible light generated by the high-pressure mercury discharge, both the color rendering index and the light output of the lamp are substantially improved.

Abstract: Special commercially available fluorescent lamps of warm-white correlated color temperature of about 3000.degree. K. have both good coloring index and efficacy. These lamps utilize as the light-emitting component a special three-component phosphor blend having emissions principally confined to the wavelength regions of from 430 nm to 485 nm, from 515 nm to 570 nm, and from 588 nm to 630 nm. This phosphor blend is relatively expensive and to decrease expense, it is known to utilize an undercoat of halophosphate phosphor of the same emission color, which decreases the amount of expensive phosphor required.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp having a high color rendering index and high efficacy comprises a glass envelope having electrodes at its ends and contains a fill including mercury and a starting gas, and a phosphor coating on the inner surface of the glass envelope, the phosphor coating comprising a blend of four narrow band emitting phosphors.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp having excellent color rendering property and high luminous efficiency comprises a fluorescent layer coated on an inner surface of a discharge tube.The fluorescent layer mainly comprises a first fluorescent material having-emission peak in a range of wavelength of 480 to 490 nm which is an alkaline earth metal boron phosphate activated by a divalent europium compound having the formulam(Sr.sub.1-x-y-p Ba.sub.x Ca.sub.y Eu.sub.p O).multidot.(1-n)P.sub.2 O.sub.5 .multidot.nB.sub.2 O.sub.3wherein the parameters x, y, p, m and n are in ranges of0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.50.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.20.001.ltoreq.p.ltoreq.0.151.75.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.2.30 and0.05.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.0.23and a second fluorescent material having the emission peak in a range of wavelength of 620 to 649 nm and a band width (50%) of 120 to 160 nm.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamps having chromaticity coordinates similar to cool white can be prepared using two component compositions. A blue emitting strontium-barium chlorapatite activated with europium and a yellow emitting calcium-strontium fluorapatite applied as a blend or as two distinct layers yields a lamp equivalent in chromaticity to a standard cool white lamp with a higher lumer per watt than the standard cool white lamp.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamp has warm-white color and both high efficacy and good color rendition. This performance is achieved by utilizing a broad-band-emitting apatite-structured calcium fluorophosphate activated by predetermined percentages of antimony and manganese and narrow red-orange-emitting yttrium oxide activated by a predetermined percentage of tervalent europium.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamps containing a two-component phosphor system consisting essentially of europium activated barium magnesium aluminate as a blue emitter and manganese and antimony activated calcium chlorofluorapatite as a yellow emitter use less energy to achieve at least comparable brightness as a standard cool white lamp with a suitable color rendering index.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp contains a blend of phosphors to provide predetermined minimum power levels of radiation at predetermined spectral bands that are used in the analysis of liquid samples placed close to the lamp.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp combination for phototherapeutic treatment of infantile hyperbilirubinemia. The lamp combination includes the standard hollow elongated envelope having a coating of selected phosphors carried as a layer on the inner surface thereof. The coating of selected phosphors substantially comprises a blue-radiating alkaline-earth metal halophosphate activated with divalent europium and a second phosphor with a color output that falls within a predetermined area of an xy-C.I.E. diagram with the weight ratio of the europium-activated alkaline-earth metal halophosphate to the second phosphor being from about 90:10 to 85:15. This lamp combination substantially eliminates any tendency of the blue-radiation of the alkaline-earth metal halophosphate to produce nausea in certain attendant individuals.

Abstract: Improved fluorescent lamps utilize phosphors which comprise a major amount of a particulate phosphor such as a cool white alkaline earth halophosphate coated with a minor amount of a protective coating consisting of NaCs.sub.2 PrCl.sub.6.

Abstract: A high pressure arc discharge lamp has a blended phosphor coating of about 35-40% cerium activated yttrium aluminate and 60-65% europium activated yttrium vanadate on the inner wall of the outer jacket.

Abstract: A method of improving the long term operating appearance of a low pressure fluorescent discharge lamp having an elongated tubular vitreous envelope and incorporating a phosphor layer carried as a coating on the interior surface thereof. The phosphor layer essentially consists of a mixed homogeneous three-component blend. The phosphor blend has a blue-violet-emitting phosphor component, a red-orange-emitting phosphor component and a green-emitting phosphor component. The green-emitting phosphor component is zinc silicate activated with manganese. The method entails prior to mixing the phosphors together, washing the zinc silicate phosphor in an aqueous organic acid solution. The organic acid solution consists of at least one of acetic, succinic and terephthalic. The acid washed zinc silicate phosphor is separated from the washing solution and dried. It is then suspended as a part of an aqueous envelope coating paint and applied to the envelope interior surface in the usual manner.

Abstract: A rare earth silicate phosphor co-activated by cerium and terbium which is expressed by the general structural formula:Ln.sub.2(1-x-y) O.sub.3.zSiO.sub.2 :Ce.sub.2x.Tb.sub.2ywhere:Ln is at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of yttrium, lanthanum, gadolinium and lutetium,x is 1.times.10.sup.-3 to 3.times.10.sup.-1 gram atom per gram atom of all the rare earth elements,y is 3.times.10.sup.-2 to 3.times.10.sup.-1 gram atom per gram atom of all the rare earth elements,z is 0.8 to 2.2 mol per mol of rare earth oxide,and the phosphor efficiently emits green rays when excited by ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp which comprises a vacuum-tight envelope provided with electrodes between which discharge takes place during the operation of said fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: Method and device for efficiently generating white light with good color rendition of illuminated objects. This is achieved by blending three different colors of light, namely, a green to yellow-green color of light, an orange to red color of light, and a purplish-blue to greenish-blue color of light. The relative intensities of the blended colors of light are selected to produce white light of predetermined ICI coordinates. The resulting blended light has at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength shorter than 430 nm and at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength longer than 630 nm. Also, the blended light has at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength of about 575 nm and at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength of about 500 nm.

Abstract: Method and device for efficiently generating white light with good color rendition of illuminated objects. This is achieved by blending three different colors of light, namely, a green to yellow-green color of light, an orange to red color of light, and a purplish-blue to greenish-blue color of light. The relative intensities of the blended colors of light are selected to produce white light of predetermined ICI coordinates. The resulting blended light has at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength shorter than 430 nm and at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength longer than 630 nm. Also, the blended light has at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength of about 575 nm and at most only a limited amount of radiations of a wavelength of about 500 nm.

Abstract: Use of terbium-activated rare earth oxyhalide phosphor material in a high-loaded fluorescent lamp having an operating temperature range of approximately 100.degree. C or greater provides high efficiency emission. The phosphor material can be utilized alone or in combination with other suitable phosphor materials at the elevated operating temperatures to generate white-light composite emission. For white-light emission, the phosphor admixture further includes a narrow band red-emitting phosphor along with a narrow band blue-emitting phosphor in suitable portions.

Abstract: Luminescent material, the performance of which is impaired when directly exposed to the environment of a fluorescent lamp discharge, is carried in the form of a longitudinally disposed stripe on the exterior surface of an elongated fluorescent lamp envelope. Carried over the stripe is a layer of reflective material which can be either specular or diffusing. The exterior luminescent material stripe is selected to convert shorter wavelength radiations generated by the conventional inorganic phosphor material which is coated onto the envelope interior surface into longer wavelength visible radiations. The reflector directs substantially all radiations impinging thereon back through the envelope and the resulting blended radiations provide light suitable for purposes of illumination, with additional desired longer wavelength visible radiations.

Abstract: Electric discharge lamp in which ultraviolet radiation is converted into light by means of two superposed luminescent layers. The two layers have about the same chromaticity point. The luminescent material in the layer more remote from the discharge is cheaper than that in the other layer.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp construction is described utilizing a particular combination of two different phosphor materials in order to produce an efficient composite emission. The particular phosphor combination can be utilized as a blended mixture in order to provide efficient white light with color rendition comparable to deluxe-type fluorescent lamps.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp having a phosphor layer for converting radiation at a first non-visible wavelength to radiation in the visible spectrum, includes a second phosphor layer for converting other non-visible radiation, having a deleterious effect (depreciation) on the first phosphor layer, to wavelengths in the region containing the first wavelength for subsequent conversion to visible light, thus increasing the brightness of the fluorescent lamp simultaneous with minimization of early depreciation of lamp brightness.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp requiring a smaller amount of luminescent material than is normally required. The luminescent layer is composed of component layers, the component layers which do not face the discharge contain a mixture of the luminescent material and a white pigment which reflects ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: The light output of a high-presure discharge lamp that employs a mercury arc tube is selectively modified by two luminescent coatings on the inner surface of the outer protective envelope to provide color rendering and a source-color that are similar to those of an incandescent-type lamp. The coating in contact with the envelope surface comprises a blend of two selected phosphors -- one which absorbs and is excited by blue-violet radiations produced by the arc discharge and emits in the green portion of the spectrum, and another which also absorbs and is excited by the blue-violet radiations and by yellow radiations produced by the discharge and emits in the red portion of the spectrum. The second luminescent coating facing the arc tube comprises a phosphor that absorbs ultraviolet radiations produced by the mercury discharge and converts them into red radiations.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp which enhances the colors blue and red while maintaining an acceptable overall color rendition contains a four component phosphor blend comprising three broad band emitting phosphors and a narror band emitting phosphor which peaks in the deep red region of the visible spectrum.

Abstract: A high pressure mercury vapor lamp having an outer bulb with a plural-phosphor coating on the inside surface thereof. A first phosphor provides for emission peaks within the range of wavelengths between 440 and 540 nm and contains strontium chloroapatite, barium magnesium aluminate, strontium chlorosilicate, barium magnesium aluminate, or barium strontium silicate, each activated with di-valent europium. A second phosphor includes yttruim vanaphosphate activated with tri-valent europium which has emission peaks between 600 and 720 nm.

Abstract: A bluish-white glow lamp is described having a gas mixture comprising neon and xenon and a phosphor coating on the inside of the envelope comprising zinc silicate and calcium tungstate.

Abstract: Color correction is provided in a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a particular combination of two different phosphor materials producing an efficient composite emission. A blend of said phospor materials can improve color rendition without effecting any significant reduction in the lamp lumen output.

Abstract: The present invention disclosed the phosphor coating for fluorescent high-pressure mercury-vapor lamps, consisting of a red light emitting phosphor with the following compositionYVO.sub.4 : Eu, or (PV)O.sub.4 :Euand a blue-green light emitting phosphor with the following compositionBa.sub.1.sub.-x Mg.sub.2.sub.-y Al.sub.z O.sub.3 .sub.+ 3/2 z : Eu.sub.x, Mn.sub.ywhere 0.03 .ltoreq. x .ltoreq. 0.4, 0.01 .ltoreq. y .ltoreq. 0.6, and 12 .ltoreq. z .ltoreq. 20,A highly satisfactory color rendition may be attained, and the color temperature may be arbitrarily changed so that the mercury-vapor lamps in accordance with the present invention are best adapted for use in interior lighting in offices, lobbies, shops and so on.

Abstract: The light output of a high-pressure metal-halide lamp that employs a sodium-scandium discharge and has an efficacy of approximately 90 lumens per watt is selectively modified by a luminescent coating on the inner surface of the outer envelope to provide color rendering and a source-color that are similar to those of an incandescent type lamp. The luminescent coating comprises a blend of two selected phosphor materials, one of which absorbs and is excited by blue-violet radiations produced by the arc discharge and emits in the green portion of the spectrum, and the other of which absorbs and is excited by the violet to yellow band of radiations produced by the arc discharge and emits in the red portion of the spectrum.

Abstract: There is disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display/memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual color display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members which are respectively backed by a series of parallel-like conductor (electrode) members, the conductor members behind each dielectric material member being transversely oriented with respect to the conductor members behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge volumes each of which constitutes a discharge unit, at least one dielectric material member containing a photoluminescent phosphor geometrically adjacent to at least one discharge unit, such that the phosphor is excited with ultraviolet radiation emitted from the gaseous discharge of such unit and such that the UV excited phosphor emits visible light of a brightness and intensity sufficient for visual display.

Abstract: Mercury vapor discharge lamp, in particular low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, for color copying by electrophotographic processes, which lamp has a luminescent layer which emits in a band in the blue part, in a band in the green part and in a band in the red part of the spectrum. The luminescent layer comprises two luminescent materials the first of which emits both in the said blue part and in the said green part of the spectrum, while the second emits in the said red part of the spectrum.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp fixture, or the lamp for use in such a fixture, has organic phosphor positioned to intercept a predetermined proportion of the radiations passing through the lamp envelope and to convert the intercepted radiations to longer wavelength radiations. The radiations passing the envelope which are not converted plus those radiations which are converted when blended together produce light suitable for illumination.

Abstract: A luminous device includes a cell, electrodes having a discharge gap of from 0.1 to 3.0 mm, a phosphor and a gas at a pressure of 30 to 300 nm, the gas having discharge emission spectra below 200 nm. The phosphor is one of various cerium activated yttrium silicates or europium activated orthophosphates and is disposed in the cell for exposure to the emission discharge of the gas. The device gives off blue light with higher emission efficiency and chroma saturation.

Abstract: An inexpensive luminescent discharge lamp to efficiently stimulate balanced undistorted plant growth, the lamp emitting radiation having a spectral energy distribution such that the energy in the 400-500 nanometer (nm), 590-640 nm, 640-690 nm, and 690-800 nm bands are approximately in proportions of 0.8:1:1:1. The enumerated spectral energy distribution provide for a very high plant growth rate with balanced plant growth. Preferably the lamp uses a phosphor blend of about 95% by weight stannous tin activated strontium calcium magnesium orthophosphate and about 5% by weight divalent europium activated strontium chloroapatite.

Abstract: A device to generate light of a quality which will accent the mismatch in color appearance of objects having different spectral reflectance curves but which appear at least generally similar in color and lightness under illumination by daylight. As there are many objects which match under one illuminant such as daylight, but do not match under other illuminants, there are many applications in which it is desirable to provide for early detection of potential mismatches. This invention generates visible radiation substantially confined to at least two of the 405-435 nm, 475-505 nm, 565-595 nm, and 645-675 nm wavelength ranges, and which preferably has less than 20 percent of the radiations in the 435-465 nm, 525-555 nm and 595-625 nm wavelength ranges.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp provided with a luminescent coating comprising three luminescent materials each emitting in a narrow spectral range. The first material has an emission band with a maximum between 430 and 490 nm; the second material has its emission in the range 520-565 nm; the third material emits in the range 590-630 nm. The second material is defined by one of the formulas:A. Ce.sub.1-x-y La.sub.x Tb.sub.y MgAl.sub.11 O.sub.19b. (Ce.sub.1-x-y La.sub.x Tb.sub.y).sub.2 O.sub.3.nAl.sub.2 O.sub.3The first material is preferably chosen fromC. A.sub.1-p Eu.sub.p Mg.sub.2-q Mn.sub.q Al.sub.16 O.sub.27d. B.sub.5.5-x Eu.sub.x Mg.sub.6-y Mn.sub.y Al.sub.55 O.sub.94(a and B are barium and/or strontium).