Abstract: A reflective and heat-insulating QLED package device and a method for packaging the same as well as a luminaire are provided. The reflective and heat-insulating QLED package device includes a substrate, a first LED chip for emitting blue light, a second LED chip for emitting green light, an adhesive layer for quantum dots, a reflecting layer for changing the path of light rays, and a heat-insulating layer. The first LED chip and the second LED chip are arranged on the substrate in a tiled manner. The heat-insulating layer is arranged on the light output surface of the first LED chip and the second LED chip, a reflecting layer covers the heat-insulating layer, and a reflecting substance or a refractive substance is uniformly distributed in the reflecting layer. The adhesive layer for quantum dots covers the reflecting layer and is covered by a moisture and oxygen blocking adhesive layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a white light LED package structure and a white light source system, which includes a substrate, an LED chip, and a wavelength conversion material layer. The peak emission wavelength of the LED chip is between 400 nm and 425 nm; the peak emission wavelength of the wavelength conversion material layer is between 440 nm and 700 nm, and the wavelength conversion material layer absorbs light emitted from the LED chip and emits a white light source; and the emission spectrum of the white light source is set as P(?), the emission spectrum of a blackbody radiation having the same color temperature as the white light source is S(?), P(?max) is the maximum light intensity within 380-780 nm, S(?max) is the maximum light intensity of the blackbody radiation within 380-780 nm, D(?) is a difference between the spectrum of the white light LED and the spectrum of the blackbody radiation, and within 510-610 nm, the white light source satisfies: D(?)=P(?)/P(?max)?S(W)/S(?max), ?0.

Abstract: A discharge ionization current detector for ionizing and detecting a sample component where the sample component is ionized by UV light is provided. The detector includes a UV light source, and a microfluidic channel having a first surface including a conducting or semiconducting material and an opposing second surface including a conducting or semiconducting material, one of the first surface and the second surface being a collection electrode and the other of the first surface and the second surface being a bias electrode, the microfluidic channel being configured to receive a sample component. The microfluidic channel is in fluid communication with the UV light source such that, when activated, UV light from the UV light source can enter the microfluidic channel and ionize the sample component, which releases an electron, and the ionized sample component and electron are detected by the collection and bias electrodes.

Abstract: An LED package used in a light-emitting device is provided with a function of position correction in mounting by self-alignment, and mounting density of such LED packages is increased. The LED package includes an LED element including an element electrode on a bottom surface, a phosphor layer containing a phosphor and covering a top surface and a side surface of the LED element, and an auxiliary electrode having an upper face bonded to a lower face of the element electrode, wherein the auxiliary electrode is larger than the element electrode, the auxiliary electrode includes a step that makes a lower face smaller than the upper face, and an end portion of the auxiliary electrode on a side where the step is formed is located inside an outer peripheral side of the phosphor layer.

Abstract: Devices and related methods use a decoupling loop near closely spaced inductors that couples to each inductor and adds an additional coupling path between them, canceling the effects of the direct coupling between the inductors. When two inductors are close enough that undesired magnetic coupling between the inductors is possible, a decoupling loop adjacent the inductors is added that is configured to cancel the undesired magnetic coupling between the inductors. The decoupling loop is positioned, with respect to the first and second inductors, such that coupling between the decoupling loop and the first inductor induces a decoupling loop current around the decoupling loop and induces a second induced current on the second inductor that is equal and in an opposite direction to a first induced current on the second inductor caused by the first inductor. The undesired magnetic coupling between the conductors is reduced, and may even be totally cancelled.

Abstract: A method of producing a light emitting device includes providing a light emitting element on a base member, the base member including an insulating member and a pair of connection terminals at least on an upper surface thereof. The connection terminals have an exposed portion exposed to outside, with the light emitting element electrically connected to the connection terminals. A covering member is disposed to cover at least a portion of the upper surface of the light emitting element, and a protective layer is disposed to cover at least a portion of the exposed portions of the connection terminals. The covering member is removed, and material from the upper surface side of the base member is supplied to dispose a light-transmissive member on the upper surface of the light emitting element. At least a portion of the light-transmissive member present on the protective layer is then removed.

Abstract: A method of producing a light emitting device includes providing a light emitting element on a base member, the base member including an insulating member and a pair of connection terminals at least on an upper surface thereof. The connection terminals have an exposed portion exposed to outside, with the light emitting element electrically connected to the connection terminals. A covering member is disposed to cover at least a portion of the upper surface of the light emitting element, and a protective layer is disposed to cover at least a portion of the exposed portions of the connection terminals. The covering member is removed, and material from the upper surface side of the base member is supplied to dispose a light-transmissive member on the upper surface of the light emitting element. At least a portion of the light-transmissive member present on the protective layer is then removed.

Abstract: A heat sink for an illumination device may include at least one heat sink portion which includes heat-conducting plastic. At least one metallic heat sink portion is at least partially embedded in the plastic material of the heat-conducting plastic.

Abstract: An elongated light source envelope is disclosed. The elongated light source comprises an inner wall and an outer wall formed around a longitudinal axis. The inner wall and the outer wall may be connected at a first axial end by a first side wall and a second axial end by a second side wall. The inner wall, outer wall, the first side wall, and the second side wall define an enclosed space internal to the envelope. The light source envelope further comprises one or more walls formed between the inner wall and the outer wall to further form at least a first enclosed region and a second enclosed region within the enclosed space. The first enclosed region may be configured to emit a different spectrum of ultraviolet radiation from the second enclosed region in response to excitation of the first enclosed region and the second enclosed region by microwave radiation.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a first conductive film having separate areas, each of which has a strip shape with a length direction thereof extending in a first direction, a second conductive film having separate areas, each of which has a strip shape with a length direction thereof extending in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, and a third conductive film, wherein the separate areas of the first conductive film are arranged side by side in the second direction, and the separate areas of the second conductive film are arranged side by side in the first direction, wherein position detection based on a capacitive method is performed by using the first conductive film and the second conductive film, and wherein a potential of a position of contact between the second conductive film and the third conductive film is detected to detect the position of the contact.

Abstract: A screen printing method of LED module with phosphor includes: board preparation providing an LED module board with a substrate and a plurality of LED sources fixed on the substrate. The LED sources are flip chip structural and the metal electrodes thereof are fixed to the bonding pads of the substrate. A screen board is provided with meshes corresponding to the shiny sides of the LED sources of the substrate one by one. A projection of each mesh to the shiny side of the corresponding LED source has similar shape with the shiny side of the LED source. The top of the screen board is printed with allocated colloidal phosphor until each mesh is coated fully. The printed substrates are baked to solidify the phosphor. The periphery of the shiny side is fully coated.

Abstract: Thin indium-less “optically porous” layers adapted to replace traditional ITO layers are provided herein. A thin metalized film adapted to carry an electrical charge can include a dense pattern of small openings to allow the transmission of light to or from an underlying semiconductor material. The pattern of openings can create a regular or irregular grid pattern of low aspect ratio fine-line metal conductors. Creation of this optically porous metalized film can include the printing of a catalytic precursor material, such as palladium in solution in a pattern on a substrate, drying or curing the catalytic precursor, and the deposition of a thin layer of metal, such as copper on the dried precursor to form the final conductive and optically porous film.

Abstract: An array of microcavity plasma devices is formed in a unitary sheet of oxide with embedded microcavities or microchannels and encapsulated metal driving electrodes isolated by oxide from the microcavities or microchannels and arranged so as to generate sustain a plasma in the embedded microcavities or microchannels upon application of time-varying voltage when a plasma medium is contained in the microcavities or microchannels.

Abstract: A lamp holder (61) for a gas discharge lamp (5), having at least two receptacles (B1, B2) for at least two pins (P1, P2) of a gas discharge lamp (5), wherein at least one shielding conductor (S1a, S1b, S2a, S2b) is disposed in the vicinity of each receptacle (B1, B2).

Abstract: A hot cathode fluorescent lamp (10) of small diameter is described comprising a shield (17) around the cathode (15) to avoid the formation of blackenings on the phosphors due to evaporated material and a mercury filiform mercury dispenser (20) fixed by a metallic part (18) to the front part of the shield, in such a geometry that said dispenser is turned towards the opposite end of the lamp and its axis is essentially parallel to the axis of the lamp.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting system having favorable luminance uniformity in a light-emitting region when the lighting system has large area. According to one feature of the invention, a lighting system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a layer containing a light-emitting substance formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, an insulating layer which is formed over a substrate in a grid form and contains a fluorescence substance, and a wiring formed over the insulating layer. The insulating layer and the wiring are covered with the first electrode so that the first electrode and the wiring are in contact with each other.

Abstract: An electrode for a hot cathode fluorescent lamp may include a main body that emits thermions, a conductive support that supports the main body, and a lead electrically connected to the conductive support. The main body includes no filament structure and may be made of a bulk material having a columnar shape or an ingot shape formed by a conductive mayenite compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorescent lamp having ceramic-glass composite electrodes, which has a higher dielectric constant, higher secondary electron emission, and higher polarization under the same electric field, and thus enables the movement of many more electrons and cations, resulting in high brightness. The fluorescent lamp having ceramic-glass composite electrodes includes a glass tube, which has a phosphor applied on the inner surface thereof and is filled with a mixture of inert gas and metal vapor, both ends of which are sealed; and hollow cylindrical electrodes provided at both ends of the glass tube, each of the hollow cylindrical electrodes having a stepped portion between a central portion thereof and an end portion thereof, and being formed of a ceramic-glass composite. As the material for the electrode, a composite, including a CaO—MgO—SrO—ZrO2—TiO2 ceramic composition and glass frit, is used.

Abstract: A surface light source includes a plate type light source body having a sealed discharging space formed therein, a plate type electrode unit having a plurality of regions adjacent to at least one major surface of the light source body, and a multiple voltage applying unit operable to apply voltages independently to each of the plurality of regions. In this way, brightness of the surface light source can be controlled independently in each of the plurality of regions and a local dimming for a surface light source can be realized.

Abstract: An electrode (1) for cold cathode tube of the present invention includes a cylindrical sidewall portion (2), a bottom portion (3) provided at one end of the cylindrical sidewall portion, and an opening portion (4) provided at the other end of the cylindrical sidewall portion. The electrode is formed of a sintered body of a high melting point metal (W, Nb, Ta, Mo or Re). When an overall length of the electrode is L, an inside diameter of the cylindrical sidewall portion at a position of L/2 is d1, an inside diameter of the bottom portion is d2, and an arc of an inner surface (5) of the cylindrical sidewall portion connecting a portion of the inside diameter d1 and a portion of the inside diameter d2 is R, the electrode satisfies the following condition; L?6 [mm], d2>d1, R?20 [mm].

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a low pressure discharge lamp having a coating disposed upon at least a portion of inner lead-in wires, wherein the coating comprises refractory nanoparticles. Also disclosed herein, in particular, are fluorescent lamps having a coating disposed upon at least a portion of inner lead-in wires, the coating comprising refractory oxide nanoparticles having a median primary particle size of less than about 70 nm, with a thickness of from about 0.5 micrometer to about 10 micrometer. Disclosed advantages may include lessened end discoloration over the operational lifetime of the lamp, enhanced lumen maintenance, and inhibited mercury consumption.

Abstract: It is a lighting apparatus 10 that has a light emitting element 16, a light emitting element housing 15 having a concave portion 28 that accommodates the light emitting element 16, and an optically transparent member 18 that airproofs a space B formed by the concave portion 28 and transmits light emitted from the light emitting element 16. The concave portion 28 is shaped to become wider toward the optically transparent member 18 from the bottom surface 28A of the concave portion 28. The lighting apparatus 10 is provided with a light shielding member 12 for shielding a part of light emitted from the light emitting element 16 is provided on the optically transparent member 18.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plasma display panel (PDP) having an upper substrate at which black matrices are disposed. The apparatus includes an external light shield having a panel side facing a display surface of the PDP and an opposing viewer side facing away from the display surface. The light shield includes a base unit and includes pattern units that absorb external light from the viewer side. The pattern units have boundaries defined by intersections of the pattern units and the base unit. The boundaries define widths of pattern tops disposed toward the panel side or the viewer side and define widths of pattern bottoms disposed toward the other of the panel side and the viewer side. A distance between a pair of adjacent black matrices is 4 to 12 times greater than a distance between adjacent boundaries, of a pair of adjacent pattern units, at adjacent pattern bottoms.

Abstract: It is possible to enhance the luminance of a cold-cathode type discharge lamp and to contribute to a prolongation of service life thereof. A discharge lamp 1 is provided with an electrode 3 having a cup 4 with such a shape that a bottom is provided at each of both opposed ends of the glass tube 2. The cup 4 is connected to a lead-in wire 8 which is inserted through the end of the glass tube 2 and held thereby. The collision-preventing ring 5 covering an end surface of the cup 4 is provided to the open end 4a of the cup 4. The porous tungsten disk 6 impregnated with a ternary metal oxide composed of barium (Ba), aluminum (Al), and calcium (Ca) as an electron emission material is provided at a bottom in an inside of the cup 4.

Abstract: A light illuminating element including a transparent closed casing, an exciting gas, a first exciting coating, and a first dielectric multi-layer long-pass filter is provided. The transparent closed casing has a first inner side, a second inner side, a first outer side corresponding to the first inner side, and a second outer side corresponding to the second inner side. The exciting gas is disposed inside the transparent closed casing, and suitable for providing an ultraviolet light. The first exciting coating is disposed on the first inner side or the first outer side, and is suitable for absorbing the ultraviolet light to provide a visible light. The first dielectric multi-layer long-pass filter is disposed on the second inner side or the second outer side, and suitable for reflecting the ultraviolet light and allowing the visible light to pass through.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes first and second substrates facing each other and having a pixel region and a non-pixel region; a thin film transistor and an array layer on an inner surface of the first substrate; a first electrode on an inner surface of the second substrate; a buffer layer on the first electrode in the non-pixel region; a shielding pattern on the buffer layer; a separator on the shielding pattern; an emitting layer on the first electrode in the pixel region; a second electrode on the emitting layer; and a connection electrode between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: This relates to a backlight unit that is adaptive for reducing leakage current. A backlight unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of lamps; a common electrode electrically connected to an electrode of any one of the lamps; and a lower side support that supports the common electrode and that includes a shielding part, wherein the shielding part is in between a portion of the common electrode and the electrode.

Abstract: A display panel device includes a front sheet that is glued on a front face of a plasma display panel. The front sheet includes a mesh made of a light shield member that has a blackened front surface and a plane size larger than a screen. A length between diagonal lattice points of the mesh is shorter than a cell pitch that is longer one of the cell pitches in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the screen. An arrangement direction of the mesh is inclined with respect to an arrangement direction of the cells in the screen.

Abstract: It is possible to enhance the luminance of a cold-cathode type discharge lamp and to contribute to a prolongation of service life thereof. A discharge lamp 1 is provided with an electrode 3 having a cup 4 with such a shape that a bottom is provided at each of both opposed ends of the glass tube 2. The cup 4 is connected to a lead-in wire 8 which is inserted through the end of the glass tube 2 and held thereby. The collision-preventing ring 5 covering an end surface of the cup 4 is provided to the open end 4a of the cup 4. The porous tungsten disk 6 impregnated with a ternary metal oxide composed of barium (Ba), aluminum (Al), and calcium (Ca) as an electron emission material is provided at a bottom in an inside of the cup 4.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting system having favorable luminance uniformity in a light-emitting region when the lighting system has large area. According to one feature of the invention, a lighting system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a layer containing a light-emitting substance formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, an insulating layer which is formed over a substrate in a grid form and contains a fluorescence substance, and a wiring formed over the insulating layer. The insulating layer and the wiring are covered with the first electrode so that the first electrode and the wiring are in contact with each other.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an envelope, first to third electroconductive members disposed in the envelope, a plate-like spacer disposed between the first and third members and between the second and third members, and a circuit for supplying a potential to the first member and supplying a potential lower than that of the first member to the second and third members. When a sheet resistance between a first region of the spacer to which the potential is supplied from the first member and a second region of the spacer to which the potential is supplied from the second member is defined as ?f [?/?] and a sheet resistance between a third region of the spacer to which the potential is supplied from the third member and a region located between the first and second regions is defined as ?r [?/?], a condition 1/100<?r/?f?40 is satisfied.

Abstract: In an electrodeless discharge lamp suitable for use at a place with unfavorable environmental conditions or at a place where lamp replacement is difficult, the replacement of a lamp unit is facilitated and the lamp unit is prevented from falling off from a power coupler unit even if there is component deterioration caused by long-term use. A metallic elastic member is provided near a position on a metallic heat conduction member of the power coupler unit that is farthest from an electromagnetic field generating portion. In addition to an ordinary coupling structure between the power coupler unit and a coupling member, the elastic member is engaged with the coupling member of the lamp unit. When the lamp unit is mounted on or removed from the power coupler unit, a bulb of the lamp unit is turned relative to the power coupler unit about the axis and moved forward/backward in the direction of the axis.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for increasing the life of a fluorescent lamp suitable for use as a backlight in an avionics or other liquid crystal display (LCD). The apparatus includes a channel configured confine a vaporous material that produces an ultra-violet light when electrically excited. A layer of light-emitting material is disposed within at least a portion of the channel is responsive to the ultra-violet light to produce the visible light emitted from the lamp. An electrode assembly that electrically excites the vaporous material includes a first post, a second post, a conductive filament suspended between the first post and the second post and having a tail portion extending therebeyond, and a benign insulating material such as glass frit substantially covering the tail portion to prevent radio frequency (RF) emissions from the tail portion of the filament.

Abstract: A flat fluorescent lamp which can be used with an LCD display includes a plurality of discharge channels. Pairs of electrodes are formed on both ends of the discharge channels. Each of the plurality of channels has an emitting section at the middle, and electrode sections on both ends thereof. A width of the electrode sections is the same as that of the emitting section. However, a height of the electrode sections is greater than a height of the emitting section, resulting in the electrode section having a cross-sectional area that is larger than that of the emitting section.

Abstract: A compact self-ballasted fluorescent lamp includes a double-spiral arc tube and a holder. The holder has a tubular protrusion which is surrounded by the arc tube, at a center of its main surface. A closed end of the protrusion and a part of the arc tube facing the end of the protrusion are bonded together using a silicone adhesive. A part of a vertical printed circuit board that is used as a lighting circuit is housed within the protrusion.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes first and second substrates facing each other and having a pixel region and a non-pixel region; a thin film transistor and an array layer on an inner surface of the first substrate; a first electrode on an inner surface of the second substrate; a buffer layer on the first electrode in the non-pixel region; a shielding pattern on the buffer layer; a separator on the shielding pattern; an emitting layer on the first electrode in the pixel region; a second electrode on the emitting layer; and a connection electrode between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: An improved flat fluorescent lamp and a display device having the same are disclosed, by which a luminance can be improved and a driving voltage can be reduced. The flat fluorescent lamp may include: a lower substrate; an upper substrate combined with the lower substrate to provide a discharge area; a plurality of walls partitioning the discharge area to provide a plurality of discharge units; first and second voltage-applying electrodes disposed at opposite ends of each discharge unit, the first and second voltage-applying electrodes being exposed; first and second discharge electrodes formed on the first and second voltage-applying electrodes, respectively; a dielectric layer coated on the first and second voltage-applying electrodes; and a fluorescent layer formed on the discharge area.

Abstract: Forming a protective layer such as chromium, chrome alloys, nickel or cobalt as a cap over an aluminum film protects an underlying ITO layer from corrosion during the fabrication of flat panel displays such as field emission devices and the like. The presence of the protective layer during fabrication processes such as photolithography prevents diffusion of solutions through the aluminum into the ITO. This protective layer is especially effective during the development and resist stripping stages of photolithography which use solutions or solvents that would otherwise cause reductive corrosion of ITO in contact with aluminum. The methods and apparatus described herein are particularly advantageous for the fabrication of flat panel displays such as field emission devices and other display devices, because ITO is often used in such devices in contact with aluminum while exposed to corrosion-inducing media.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus including a plasma display panel, a chassis base coupled with the plasma display panel, a printed circuit board assembly coupled with the chassis base, a case housing the plasma display panel, the chassis base, and the printed circuit board assembly, and a liquid shielding plate for receiving liquid entering the apparatus.

Abstract: An external electrode fluorescent lamp includes a ferroelectric glass tube filled with discharge gas, and a ferroelectric film on an internal surface of the ferroelectric glass tube.

Abstract: A flat-type fluorescent lamp includes a body having a plurality of discharge spaces, an electrode part disposed inside the body and crossing each of the discharge spaces and a light generating part generating a visible light by using the emitted electron. The electrode part includes an electron-transporting electrode transporting electrons from an exterior and an electron-emitting electrode on the transporting electrode to activate emission of the electrons to the discharge spaces. The flat-type fluorescent lamp has high brightness and low power consumption.

Abstract: A method for producing a plasma display panel wherein the projection of the end portions of electrode in the widthwise direction are suppressed so that failure in insulation and pressure proof is not caused upon forming an electrode pattern by collectively exposing and developing a bus electrode having a two-layered structure. When the electrode pattern having two-layered structure by a photolithography method using a mask, exposure is made by applying light, while a part of a surface of portion of a paste film of an electrode material which portion to be formed into the electrode pattern is shield from the light, so that a dent is formed in the electrode surface after developing and the thermal shrinkage of the center portion and the thermal shrinkage of the end portions of the electrode in the widthwise direction are controlled separately by the dent.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a method for manufacturing the same. The plasma display panel includes: a first substrate; sustain electrodes on the first substrate, each being composed of an X electrode and a Y electrode; a first dielectric layer covering the sustain electrodes; a protective layer on the first dielectric layer; a second substrate facing the first substrate; address electrodes on the second substrate and crossing the sustain electrodes; a second dielectric layer covering the address electrodes; and barrier ribs for partitioning discharge spaces between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a phosphor layer at sides of the barrier ribs. Here, the protective layer is a single deposition layer having a non-uniform thickness, the sustain electrodes are located to correspond to a first region of the protective layer, and the first region of the protective layer is thicker than a second region of the protective layer.

Abstract: Cathode unit for installation in a fluorescent tube body (3) belonging to a fluorescent tube (1), which cathode unit (5) comprises a cathode screen (15a, 15, 15?-15??) which partially surrounds an electrode (9) which is electrically insulated from the said cathode screen (15), a power supply device (11) arranged to make an electrical connection between the said electrode (9) and a contact (13), the said cathode screen (15a, 15 , 15?-15??) comprising a first end (19) facing towards the discharge, which first end (19) comprises a central opening (21), and a second end (39) facing towards the said contact (13). The first end (19) of the cathode screen (15a, 15, 15?-15??) is designed with a rounded-off part (25) in order to facilitate the insertion of the cathode unit (5) in the said fluorescent tube body (3).

Abstract: In an AC-driven gas discharge display device and especially a plasma tube array type, a return path is provided for alternate discharge current flowing between X and Y driver circuits. The AC-driven gas discharge display device comprises a front-side, transparent substrate and a rear-side substrate sandwiching therebetween a plurality of thin discharge tubes arranged side by side; a plurality of pairs of display electrodes on an inner surface of the front-side substrate; and a plurality of address electrodes, in a direction transverse to the plurality of display electrodes, the rear-side substrate on an inner surface. Striped light-blocking, electrically conductive films are disposed on an outer surface of the front-side substrate at locations between respective ones of the pairs of display electrodes and coupled at their opposite ends to respective points of a common reference potential in the X- and Y-electrode driver circuits, respectively, to provide a return path for alternate discharge current.

Abstract: An electrodeless self-ballasted fluorescent lamp includes: a luminous bulb 1 having a cavity portion 15; an induction coil 3 inserted in the cavity portion 15; a ballast 4 electrically connected to the induction coil 3; and a base 7, wherein the luminous bulb 1, the ballast 4 and the base 7 are configured as one unit. The luminous bulb 1 includes an approximately spherical outer tube 12 and an inner tube 11. At least the surface of the upper hemisphere of the outer tube 12 is coated with a silicone rubber 10 having the property of transmitting light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stationary ion cold cathode fluorescent lighting system comprising a cold cathode fluorescent lamp with a radial D. C. electric field established therein so as to sufficiently energize electrons ionized therein through a process of chain collision and reduce the radial velocity of mercury ions (Hg+2) and argon ions (Ar+2) ionized therein to a virtual zero when touching a phosphor layer on the inside surface of the lamp, preventing the phosphors from being bombarded by the ions and forming an amorphous layer thereon, and preventing mercury from embedding in the phosphor layer, and with an axial anti-equivalent D. C. electric field established between electrodes of the lamp so as to prevent mercury from accumulating on the electrodes and to maximize the life of the phosphor layer as well as the lamp.

Abstract: An electrodeless lamp includes a bulbous lamp envelope enclosing an inert gas and a vaporizable metal fill, the lamp envelope having a reentrant cavity and an envelope bottom, an electromagnetic coupler positioned within the reentrant cavity, and a thermal shield positioned in proximity to the envelope bottom and configured to increase the temperature of the envelope bottom. By increasing the temperature of the envelope bottom, a cold spot is prevented. As a result, light output at low temperatures is comparable to light output at room temperature.

Abstract: Whereas incandescent light bulbs and other similar light sources known in the prior art emit light in all directions, LED lamps emit light in a single direction only, and this is manifested in the problem of being unable to achieve light distribution characteristics satisfied by conventional headlamp designs. The present invention realizes an LED lamp for a light source of a headlamp disposing an LED chip 2 in the vicinity of the focus of a projection means and providing a shielding member 7 covering a portion of the LED chip 2 in a formation allowing a light distribution characteristic suitable for a vehicle front-illumination light to be obtained when light from the LED chip 2 is magnified and projected in an illumination direction by a projection lens 10 or the like constituting the projection means; accordingly, accurate light distribution characteristics can be obtained in a simple manner by projecting in the illumination direction using the projection lens 10.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a first substrate carrying thereon a plurality of strip-shaped ribs arranged parallel to each other, a fluorescent material applied between adjacent ribs and a plurality of address electrodes arranged parallel to the ribs and a second substrate being arranged to oppose to the first substrate and carrying thereon a plurality of sustain electrodes arranged in a direction crossing the address electrodes, wherein each of the address electrodes between adjacent ribs includes a plurality of branch electrodes which are diverged through almost the whole length of the ribs.