Abstract: A light emitting device includes a light emitting element emitting an excitation light and a fluorescent element. The fluorescent element includes a semi-translucent film facing the light emitting element, and transmits the excitation light; a first luminescent film including phosphors to absorb the excitation light transmitted through the semi-translucent film and to emit a visible light having a different wavelength than the excitation light; and a reflection film disposed on an opposite side of the first luminescent film on which the semi-translucent film is disposed, reflecting the excitation light transmitted through the first luminescent film towards the first luminescent film.

Abstract: A light emitting device is provided in which fluorescence emitted from each phosphor in the color conversion plate containing multiple types of phosphors is hard to be absorbed by the other phosphor, and the light from the light emitting element is allowed to reach each of the phosphors efficiently. The color conversion plate has a sea-island structure including a sea region and an island region, and the island region contains the first phosphor and the sea region contains the second phosphor. The fluorescent wavelength of the first phosphor is longer than the fluorescent wavelength of the second phosphor. With the sea-island structure as described above, the contact area between the region containing the first phosphor and the region containing the second phosphor is reduced. The fluorescence of the second phosphor is hard to be absorbed by the first phosphor which has a longer wavelength.

Abstract: A photonic-crystal filament is formed by mixing a slurry comprising particles of substantially uniform size and a precursor material for a desired metal, urging the slurry through an orifice to force the particles and precursor material into a combination having a desired crystallographic configuration, drying the combination emerging from the orifice, and sintering the precursor material.

Abstract: A vehicle headlight (12) that employs a plurality of LED units (38) that emit white light. Each LED unit (38) employs chip-on-board technology where LED semiconductor chips (64) are mounted directly to a submount substrate (56) using solder or stud bumps (60). An elongated lens (28) is molded over the LED unit (38) in contact with a base substrate (48). Light emitted from the semiconductor chip (64) is reflected and directed by the lens (28) to generate a beam of light (58). Some of the light emitted from the LED semiconductor chip (64) is redirected back to the submount substrate (56) to be reflected back into the lens (28) to increase the light intensity of the LED unit (38). Several of the elongated lens (28) and associated LED units (38) are optically glued to a single prism (24) that collects all of the light beams from all of the LED units (38).

Abstract: A light source having a first die with an LED thereon, a substrate, a base layer and a first phosphor layer is disclosed. The first die is characterized by a top surface, a bottom surface and a light generation region at a height above the bottom surface. The substrate includes a depression in which the first die is mounted. The base layer fills the depression in the substrate to a height greater than half the distance from the bottom surface of the first die to the top surface of the first die and less than the light generation height of the first die. The first phosphor layer includes a first light converting material that converts light emitted by the first die to light of a different wavelength. The first phosphor layer is in direct contact with the base layer and covers the first die.

Abstract: The light emitting element includes a first electrode and a second electrode opposite each other and electrically connected respectively to a first conductive-type layer and a second conductive type layer constituting a semiconductor structure. The first electrode has a pair of electrode extending portions disposed opposite each other on an electrode forming surface over the first conductive-type layer which is positioned at the light extracting side. In the opposing direction of the pair of electrode extending portions, a half distance I1 between the electrode extending portions is smaller than the distance L2 from the electrode extending portions to an end edge of the electrode forming surface.

Abstract: A white-light electroluminescent device having an adjustable color temperature substantially on a predetermined range of a Planckian locus within the 1976 Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) uniform chromaticity scale diagram. According to one embodiment, a first light-emitting element having a fixed ratio of at least two different species of emitters combined to produce a set of chromaticity coordinates at a predetermined white point substantially on the Planckian locus. A second light-emitting element having at least a single species of emitters produces a set of chromaticity coordinates. The set of chromaticity coordinates are positioned along a projected line extending from the Planckian locus and through the chromaticity coordinates of the first light-emitting layer. A controller adjusts the voltage or current associated with the first and second light-emitting elements to provide white light with a predetermined range of chromaticity coordinates substantially on the Planckian locus.

Abstract: A chip-type light-emitting semiconductor device includes: a substrate 4; a blue LED 1 mounted on the substrate 4; and a luminescent layer 3 made of a mixture of yellow/yellowish phosphor particles 2 and a base material 13 (translucent resin). The yellow/yellowish phosphor particles 2 is a silicate phosphor which absorbs blue light emitted by the blue LED 1 to emit a fluorescence having a main emission peak in the wavelength range from 550 nm to 600 nm, inclusive, and which contains, as a main component, a compound expressed by the chemical formula: (Sr1-a1-b1-xBaa1Cab1Eux)2SiO4 (0?a1?0.3, 0?b1?0.8 and 0<x<1). The silicate phosphor particles disperse substantially evenly in the resin easily. As a result, excellent white light is obtained.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting device is provided with a pair of first and second linear electrodes opposing each other, and a linear phosphor layer is sandwiched between the paired electrodes, with at least one of the paired first and second electrodes being a transparent electrode, and the phosphor layer has a polycrystalline structure made from a first semiconductor substance, with a second semiconductor substance different from the first semiconductor substance being segregated on a grain boundary of the polycrystalline structure.

Abstract: Provided is a phosphor particle group of divalent europium-activated oxynitride green light emitting phosphor particles each of which is a ?-type SiAlON substantially represented by a general formula: EuaSibAlcOdNe, where 0.0055?a?0.4, b+c=12, d+e=16, wherein 60% or more of the phosphor particle group is composed of the phosphor particles in which a value obtained by dividing a longer particle diameter by a shorter particle diameter is greater than 1.0 and not greater than 3.0. A high-efficiency and stable light emitting apparatus using a ?-type SiAlON, which includes a light converter using the phosphor particle group, and a phosphor particle group therefor are also provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes: a first substrate; a second substrate facing and spaced apart from the first substrate, the first and second substrates each having a pixel region; an array element on an inner surface of the first substrate, the array element including a plurality of thin film transistors within each pixel region; an organic electroluminescent diode on an inner surface of the second substrate; and a connection pattern electrically interconnecting the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A light-emitting module (1) includes a substrate (10), a plurality of light-emitting elements (14) formed on the substrate (10), and phosphor layers (15) covering each of the light-emitting elements (14). Each of the phosphor layers (15) includes a first phosphor region (15a) and a second phosphor region (15b) that are divided in the direction substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate (10). Each of the first phosphor region (15a) and the second phosphor region (15b) includes a phosphor that absorbs light emitted from the light-emitting element (14) and emits fluorescence. The maximum peak wavelength of fluorescence emitted from the first phosphor region (15a) is longer than that of fluorescence emitted from the second phosphor region (15b).

Abstract: An exemplary light emitting diode includes a main body, a red light emitting chip, a green light emitting chip, and a blue light emitting chip. The main body includes two inner side surfaces opposite to each other and a inner bottom surface connected with the side surfaces. The side surfaces and the bottom surface cooperatively define an accommodating space. The red light emitting chip, the green light emitting chip and the blue light emitting chip are positioned at the bottom surface and the side surfaces of the accommodating space, respectively.

Abstract: A white light emitting diode package structure having a silicon substrate is disclosed. The white light emitting diode package structure comprises a silicon substrate having a plurality of cup-structures thereon, one of a plurality of blue light emitting diodes is respectively disposed in each cup-structure, and a phosphor structure covering the silicon substrate and the cup-structures. The blue light emitting diodes have various wavelengths and the phosphor structure has a plurality of kinds of phosphor powders and a sealing material. Each kind of phosphor powder is able to convert blue light within a certain wavelength into yellow light.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element for emitting primary light, and a wavelength conversion unit for absorbing part of the primary light and emitting secondary light having a wavelength longer than that of the primary light, wherein the wavelength conversion unit includes plural kinds of phosphors having light absorption characteristics different from each other, and then at least one kind of phosphor among the plural kinds of phosphors has an absorption characteristic that can absorb the secondary light emitted from at least another kind of phosphor among the plural kinds of phosphors.

Abstract: A light emitting device is provided that has a semiconductor light emitting element and a phosphor which converts a part of the luminescence spectrum emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element. The luminescence spectrum of the semiconductor light emitting element is located between a near ultraviolet region and a short-wavelength visible region, and the phosphor is made by adding a red luminescent activator to a base material of a blue luminescent phosphor. Thereby, improving the color shading generated by the dispersion of the spectra of the light emitting elements and obtaining the light emitting device having a high brightness and a good color rendering properties. With the light emitting device, it is possible to provide the light sources for the lighting apparatus of medical treatments, the flash plate of a copying machine, etc., in which a good color rendering property is required.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting system having favorable luminance uniformity in a light-emitting region when the lighting system has large area. According to one feature of the invention, a lighting system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a layer containing a light-emitting substance formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, an insulating layer which is formed over a substrate in a grid form and contains a fluorescence substance, and a wiring formed over the insulating layer. The insulating layer and the wiring are covered with the first electrode so that the first electrode and the wiring are in contact with each other.

Abstract: A light-emitting device can be configured to have little variation in light emission characteristics even at increased temperatures. A light-emitting device can include a light-emitting section for emitting light with a predetermined wavelength, and a fluorescent material for absorbing a part of light emitted from the light-emitting section and emitting light with a longer wavelength. The light-emitting device can mix the light with the predetermined wavelength from the light-emitting section and the light with the longer wavelength from the fluorescent material, and thereby emit a mixed light. The fluorescent material can include single crystal grains in which primary grains have a diameter of 1 ?m or less. Crystal defects, such as a grain boundary, do not often and sometimes never occur in the single crystal grain having a diameter of 1 ?m or less.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a die that includes a light source that generates light of a first wavelength and a layer of phosphor particles covering the die is disclosed. The phosphor particles convert a portion of the light of the first wavelength to light of a second wavelength. The light source can be fabricated by attaching the light source to a substrate, and converting the light source by applying a light converting layer that includes a volatile carrier material and particles of a phosphor that convert light of the first wavelength to light of the second wavelength over the light source. The volatile carrier material is then caused to evaporate leaving a layer of the phosphor particles over the light source. A binder material can be incorporated in the volatile carrier for binding the phosphor particles to one another after the volatile carrier material is evaporated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flat panel display capable of enhancing a white balance by making a doping concentration or shape and size of drain offset regions of driving transistors different, in R, G and B unit pixels of each pixel. A flat panel display, comprises a plurality of pixels, where each of pixels including R, G and B unit pixels to embody red (R), green (G) and blue (B) colors, respectively. Each of the unit pixels includes a transistor with source/drain regions. Transistors of at least two unit pixels of the R, G and B unit pixels have drain regions of different geometric structures. In each unit pixel, a resistance value of the drain region of the transistor to drive a light-emitting device having the highest luminous efficiency among the transistors is higher than that of the drain region of a transistor to drive the light-emitting device having a relatively low luminous efficiency.

Abstract: Provided is a means for improving the capability of injecting electrons from a cathode in a luminous element and solving problems about the production process thereof. In the present invention, a material having a smaller work function than a cathode material is used to form an inorganic conductive layer between the cathode and an organic compound layer. In this way, the capability of injecting electrons from the cathode can be improved. Furthermore, the film thereof can be thicker than that of a conventional cathode buffer layer formed by using an insulating material. Therefore, the film thickness can easily be controlled, and a decrease in production costs and an improvement in yield can be achieved.

Abstract: To provide a lighting unit which: does not greatly affect the design of a light guide plate; and has a long lifetime, high efficiency, and a wide color reproduction range by means of a phosphor. In view of the foregoing, the lighting unit of the present invention is constituted in such a manner that a phosphor bead or a phosphor film is arranged on at least one of the light irradiation plane of a light guide plate, the rear surface of the light guide plate, and the light incidence plane of the light guide plate. In addition, a phosphor film is constituted by using: a phosphor bead formed of a phosphor particle and a water-impervious material with which the phosphor particle is coated so that the particle is confined in the material; and a polymer film holding the phosphor bead.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element being excellent in light emitting characteristics, characteristics of an organic EL layer and current-voltage characteristic. To attain the object, the invention discloses—an organic electroluminescent element comprises a substrate, an anode layer formed on the substrate, an organic electroluminescent layer formed on the anode layer and—containing at least a light emitting layer, a semitransparent cathode layer formed on the organic electroluminescent layer, a transparent buffer layer formed on the semitransparent cathode layer and having an impact buffering function, and a transparent electroconductive protection layer formed on the transparent buffer layer and having an oxidation preventing function. A contact region in which the semitransparent cathode layer and the transparent electroconductive protection layer contact with each other is provided in a non-display area.

Abstract: An organic EL light-emitting apparatus includes a base, an organic EL device, a prism member, a polarizing member, and a phase member. The prism member, the polarizing member, and the phase member are adjacent to a light extraction side of the organic EL device. The prism member includes a plurality of unit prisms each having a triangular-column shape. The unit prisms are arranged such that their longitudinal directions are parallel to one another. The polarizing member is disposed further from the base than the prism member. The prism member has an apex angle between 90° to 140°.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a light emitting element having an emission peak wavelength of 350 nm-420 nm and a phosphor absorbing light from this light emitting element and emitting fluorescence having a different emission peak wavelength. The phosphor is formed of a semiconductor material that allows the emission peak wavelength to be controlled by transition across the bandgap, and is configured with four or more fluorescences having different emission peak wavelengths. Thus, it is possible to provide a light emitting device which has a relatively simple structure to keep high theoretical efficiency limit and achieves good general color rendering index (Ra) and special color rendering index (R9).

Abstract: A light emitting device capable of emitting light having various color temperatures is disclosed. The light emitting device includes a first light emitting part emitting a daylight color having a color temperature of 6000 K or more, a second light emitting part emitting white light having a color temperature less than 6000 K, and a third light emitting part emitting light in a visible range of 580 nm or more. The second and third light emitting parts are operable independently of the first light emitting part, and realize a warm white color having a color temperature of 3000 K or less with the white light emitted from the second light emitting part and the light emitted from the third light emitting part. The light emitting device realizes white light of various spectra and color temperatures corresponding to desired mood and utility.

Abstract: A color stabilized light source has a thermally conductive luminescent element in conjunction with a light emitting diode. A thermal pathway through the LED allows the thermally conductive luminescent element to maintain its output level even at high flux levels.

Abstract: An image display device including a light emission section which emits light to an intensity adjusting section and a wavelength conversion section which change the intensity and wavelength of the emitted light. Phosphors and phosphor like materials are employed in wavelength conversion and a liquid crystal is employed for the light adjustment. The light emission device may include plural semiconductor light emitting elements having a different wavelength ranges such as diodes stacked in a compact and predetermined order such that wavelengths of light from each diode are emitted from the light emitting elements.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate; a plurality of pixels arranged above the substrate, each including a plurality of sub-pixels emitting light of different colors; a circularly polarizing member disposed above the pixels, the transmittance of light of a selected color through the circularly polarizing member being higher than that of light of the other colors therethrough; and a light-absorbing member disposed only above the sub-pixels, emitting light of the non-selected colors. The light-absorbing member absorbs light of the selected color.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is provided, which includes a supporting member, a light-emitting element disposed on the supporting member to emit a light, the light-emitting element having a semiconductor substrate and a polygonal top surface, an electrode pad formed on the top surface of the light-emitting element, a first lead electrode formed on the supporting member, a conductive wire connecting the electrode pad with the first lead electrode, the conductive wire being arranged to pass over one of corners of the polygonal top surface of the light-emitting element and along a ridge formed contiguous to the one of corners and corresponding to a boundary between neighboring side surfaces of the light-emitting element, and a fluorescent layer containing a light-transmitting member and a fluorescent substance.

Abstract: An illumination device has a blue light emitting element that emits blue light and a light guide member that guides blue light emitted from the blue light emitting element to a light exit surface of the light guide member. A first color conversion element includes a red phosphor that emits red light in response to excitation with the blue light. The first color conversion element is disposed on an optical path between the blue light emitting element and the light guide member. A second color conversion element is disposed on a light exit surface side of the light guide member and separated from the first color conversion element. The second color conversion element comprises a pair of non-permeable transparent substrates, a resin disposed between the non-permeable transparent substrates, and a green phosphor dispersed in the resin for emitting green light in response to excitation with the blue light.

Abstract: A white phosphor is provided, which is a white phosphor comprising a single material, wherein the light-emitting center is one element other than Mn, and emitting white light having excellent color rendering properties by near ultraviolet excitation. The white phosphor is represented by the formula SraSbMgcZndSieOf:Eu2+ (with the proviso that when e=1, 0<(c+d)/(a+c+d)?0.2, 1.8?a+c+d?2.2, 0?b/(b+f)?0.07 and 3.0?b+f?4.4), among which, as one preferred example, the white phosphor is represented by the composition formula (SrO1-?S?)x.(Mg1-?Zn?O)y.(SiO2)z:Eu2+ (in the formula, 4.5?x/y?27.5, 3?z/y?14.5, 0???0.3 and 0???0.7) is proposed.

Abstract: A self-light emitting device and an electrical appliance including the same are provided, in which extracting efficiency of light from a light emitting element, especially in an EL element, can be improved. A light scattering body formed by etching a transparent film is provided on an insulator so that the extracting efficiency of light can be improved, and the self-light emitting device with high efficiency of light emission can be provided.

Abstract: The LED comprises: a base having high thermal conductivity and having a mounting surface for die bonding; a printed circuit board mounted on the base and having a hole to expose a part of the mounting surface of the base and having a protruding portion projecting horizontally outward on the outer periphery of the base; an LED element mounted on the mounting surface of the base exposed in the hole of the printed circuit board; and a resin material sealing the LED element from above; wherein through-holes electrically connected to the LED element are formed at the outer periphery of the protruding portion and an external connection electrode is provided to the upper and lower surfaces of the through-holes. This LED enhances the heat dissipating effect to enable generation of high-luminance light and can also be mounted on either the upper or lower surface of a motherboard.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light source to emit a mixture of primary and secondary light comprising an electroluminescent device like a light emitting diode LED or a laser, to emit the primary light into a light conversion element (3) to convert the primary light into the secondary light, where a first part of the primary light is emitted along a light path with a first conversion factor (11) for the primary light, and a second part of the primary light is emitted along a light path with a second conversion factor (12) for the primary light larger than the first conversion factor.

Abstract: Solid-state area illumination stems and method for forming such systems are provided. The illumination system comprises: a plurality of OLED devices each device formed on a separate substrate and each device emitting light at a plurality of angles relative to the substrate, the emitted light having different ranges of frequencies at different ranges of the plurality of angles; and a support positioning each of the plurality of OLED devices at a plurality of orientations relative to an area of illumination, the positioning being defined so that any point on any surface within the area of illumination will receive a broadband combination of light from more than one of the OLED devices.

Abstract: A white-light light emitting diode device comprising a light emitting diode element capable of emitting violet light at a wavelength of 400 to 419 nm and a ceramic composite material, wherein the ceramic composite material is a solidified body in which a cerium-activated Y3Al5O12 (Y3Al5O12:Ce) crystal and an ?-type aluminum oxide (Al2O3) crystal are continuously and three-dimensionally entangled with each other, the solidified body having not only a photoluminescent property of wavelength-converting a part of the violet light into yellow light but also a function of transmitting a part of the violet light, and the violet light transmitted through the ceramic composite material and yellow light resulting from wavelength conversion by the ceramic composite material are mixed to emit pseudo-white light.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device can have uniformity of color coordinates by controlling the thickness of SiNx layer under an organic light-emitting element. Such an organic electroluminescence display device can include a TFT, a passivation layer formed on the TFT, and an organic light-emitting element on the passivation layer. The passivation layer can have a thickness deviation range of about 200 ? or less.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus which improves identification of living body tissues, and is suitable for medical lighting. In the lighting apparatus, the light output in a range of wavelength 525 to 590 nm is not greater than ? of the light output in a range of wavelength 380 to 780 nm corresponding to visible light components. The peak wavelength of a blue or bluish green light component included in the output light is in a range of 430 to 520 nm, and the peak wavelength of a red light component is not less than 600 nm. A green light component has the peak in a range of wavelength 520 to 590 nm, its spectral half-value width is not greater than 70 nm, and the light amount of at least the green light component can be independently adjusted.

Abstract: A light-emitting device of the present application includes a light-emitting element and a phosphor layer. Output light of the device is white light, which contains red, green, and blue light-emitting components emitted by red and green phosphors and a blue light-emitting element, respectively. The phosphor layer includes a phosphor such as a red phosphor, which is a nitridoaluminosilicate-based nitride phosphor, and a green phosphor. The red and green phosphors and the blue light-emitting element have emission peaks from 600 nm to less than 660 nm, from 500 to less than 560 nm, and from 440 nm to less than 500 nm, respectively. The phosphor in the phosphor layer has an excitation peak at a wavelength shorter than that of the emission peak of light emitted by the blue light-emitting element. The phosphor is activated with Eu2+ or Ce3+.

Abstract: A top emission type electro-luminescent display device comprising a thin film transistor, an opaque electrode, an opaque layer, and an electro-luminescent medium layer. The thin film transistor overlies a substrate and is covered by an interlayer insulator. The opaque electrode and the opaque layer are successively disposed on the interlayer insulator, in which the opaque electrode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor and the opaque layer comprises an opening exposing a portion of the underlying opaque electrode. The electro-luminescent medium layer is disposed over the exposed portion of the opaque electrode. The transparent electrode is disposed on the opaque layer and conformally covers the surfaces of the opening and the electro-luminescent medium layer.

Abstract: There is provided a light source unit which includes a luminescent light source which receives excitation light so as to emit light of a predetermined wavelength band, excitation light sources which shine excitation light on to the luminescent light source, a reflection space having the luminescent light source in an interior thereof and an emission space which emits luminescent light source light emitted from the reflection space from an emission port whose area is made smaller than the area of the luminescent light source and a projector which employs the light source unit.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for creating a display and generating images. Creating the display includes receiving a transmissive display component over an emissive display component and positioning each emissive display pixel with one or more transmissive display pixels creating a display surface capable of displaying color images. Displaying images on the display surface includes decomposing image data associated with the image into separate chrominance signal levels and luminance signal levels, displaying the representation of the chrominance signal levels of the image by driving emissive display pixels in correspondence to the chrominance characteristic of the image, generating the representation of the luminance signal levels for display through the emissive display pixels of the emissive display component and filtering the displayed representation of the luminance signal level using transmissive display pixels in accordance with the luminance characteristics of the image.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting device having a plurality of luminous elements emitting with different colors respectively being improved in a luminous intensity deviation and a color deviation without deterioration of a luminous efficiency. In the light emitting device having a plurality of luminous elements respectively emitting with different colors, both a traveling wave of light and a reflected wave of light enhance intensity of light.

Abstract: An LED and method for increasing the reliability of LEDs are provided. The LED contains a semiconductor die, a reflector, and a glass capping structure. The glass structure may be solid or formed from multiple layers of uniform or varying dimensions. The glass structure is coated with a phosphor that emits light of a different wavelength than the die. The phosphor is disposed between adjacent layers if the glass structure has multiple layers. The die is disposed in a cavity of the reflector. The cavity may be evacuated or filled with a transparent material.

Abstract: A full color display comprising a red, a green, and a blue light emitting diode, each light emitting diode including a light emitting region having at least one layer of single crystal rare earth material, the rare earth material in each of the light emitting diodes having at least one radiative transition, and the rare earth material producing a radiation wavelength of approximately 640 nm in the red light emitting diode, 540 nm in the green light emitting diode, and 460 nm in the blue light emitting diode. Generally, the color of each LED is determined by selecting a rare earth with a radiative transition producing a radiation wavelength at the selected color. In cases where the rare earth has more than one radiative transition, tuned mirrors can be used to select the desired color.

Abstract: A light apparatus is capable of emitting light of multiple wavelengths using a nanometer fluorescent material. The light apparatus comprises an initial light source that emits initial color light. The initial light source is covered with a transparent film member; and the inside or the surface of the film member, or the initial light source, is coated with at least one nanometer fluorescent material. The nanometer fluorescent material absorbs the initial color light and gets excited, and in the excitement it emits fluorescent light which is different from the initial color light. The initial color light and the fluorescent light combine to form light of multiple wavelengths, and the light of multiple wavelengths is emitted by the light apparatus. Besides, a combination of nanometer fluorescent materials of various particle sizes enables the emission of multiple-wavelength light of various dominant wavelengths.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor device includes organic semiconductor layers (3, 4) and an electron injecting electrode (5) which is composed of MgAu alloy and injects electrons into the organic semiconductor layers (3, 4). The MgAu alloy forming the electron injecting electrode (5) may contain not more than 85 atom % of Au. The organic semiconductor device may further include a hole injecting electrode (2) for injecting holes into the organic semiconductor layers (3, 4). The electron injecting electrode and the hole injecting electrode are arranged apart from each other in such a manner that they fit to each other. The organic semiconductor device may further include a gate electrode which is arranged opposite, via an insulating film, to the region between the electron injecting electrode and the hole injecting electrode.

Abstract: A pixel sub-structure for an electroluminescent display and a method for making the same. The sub-structure comprising: a color conversion layer; and an optical enhancement layer; wherein at least a portion of the color conversion layer is integrated with at least a portion of the optical enhancement layer.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with an emission wavelength range of from 360 nm to 550 nm and a fluorescent material made of Ca—Al—Si—O—N oxynitride activated with Eu2+ are used so that a part of light emitted from the light-emitting device is emitted while the wavelength of the part of light is converted by the fluorescent material.