Gas Phototube Patents (Class 313/538)
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Patent number: 10267469Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device having a longitudinal direction, and able to smoothly incline luminance for the longitudinal direction is provided. The semiconductor light-emitting device comprises a substrate and a plurality of semiconductor light-emitting layers of a predetermined shape disposed in a row on the substrate. The semiconductor light-emitting layers have such a structure that light emission amount of light-emitting surface of each semiconductor light-emitting layer inclines from a side of one predetermined end toward a side of the other end for the direction of the row.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 2017Date of Patent: April 23, 2019Assignee: STANLEY ELECTRIC CO., LTD.Inventors: Mitsunori Harada, Yuji Takehara
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Patent number: 8872094Abstract: A photon sensing and amplification device including a photocathode, a transparent electrode opposed from the photocathode, and a plasma chamber positioned between the photocathode and the transparent electrode, wherein the plasma chamber houses an ionizable gas.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 2012Date of Patent: October 28, 2014Assignee: The Boeing CompanyInventor: Minas Tanielian
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Patent number: 8686636Abstract: A lamp assembly is provided, that utilizes a light source including an LED element without cutting part of light therefrom and capable of forming a luminance distribution where the light with a maximum peak portion can be arranged substantially at (i.e., at or near) the cutoff line, thereby improving light utilization efficiency. The lamp assembly with an illumination direction can include a light source including an LED element with an emission surface, and a projection optical system for projecting an image of the light source in the illumination direction so that a desired light distribution pattern can be formed on a virtual vertical screen. The light source can have a rectangular shape having long sides and short sides, and can be configured to provide a luminance distribution on the emission surface such that a luminance peak portion is provided at or near one of the long sides.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2011Date of Patent: April 1, 2014Assignee: Stanley Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tatsuma Saito, Yusuke Yokobayashi, Shigeru Murata
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Patent number: 8203266Abstract: An electron tube of the present invention includes: a vacuum vessel including a face plate portion and a stem portion arranged facing the face plate portion; a photocathode arranged in the vacuum vessel and formed on the face plate portion; a projection portion arranged in the vacuum vessel, extending from the stem portion toward the face plate portion, and made of an insulating material; an electron detector arranged on the projection portion, made of a semiconductor, and having a first conductivity-type region and a second conductivity-type region; and a first conductive film covering a surface of the projection portion and to be electrically connected to the first conductivity-type region.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2008Date of Patent: June 19, 2012Assignee: Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.Inventors: Yasuyuki Egawa, Atsuhito Fukasawa, Motohiro Suyama
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Publication number: 20080242179Abstract: Heavier noble gases such as xenon and argon can reduce the run-in period for vacuum tubes and in particular flame detector tubes. The tubes can be filled with a run-in gas and then run-in. The run-in gas can then be exchanged for an end gas, such as neon, and the tube sealed. A final conditioning step of running in the tube with the end gas can further smooth the tube's anode and cathode to thereby improve performance and operating life.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 30, 2007Publication date: October 2, 2008Inventor: Barrett E. Cole
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Publication number: 20080197772Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus and a method of fabricating the display apparatus. The display apparatus includes a first substrate that allows visible light to pass therethrough, a second substrate facing the first substrate, an anode disposed on the first substrate, a cathode disposed on the second substrate, an electron emitter disposed either on the anode or the cathode, a light emitting layer formed on a surface of the anode, an optical reflection layer disposed on a side of the second substrate, and a gas that generates ultraviolet rays and is filled in a space between the first substrate and the second substrate. The display apparatus can increase the reflectance of visible light since the optical reflection layer is formed in a sealed inner space of the display apparatus, and thus, brightness and light emission efficiency of the transmissive type or reflective type display apparatus can be increased.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 7, 2008Publication date: August 21, 2008Inventors: Mun-Ho Nam, Seung-Hyun Son, Hyoung-Bin Park, Kwang-Sik Lee
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Patent number: 7391147Abstract: A light detector having a cathode wafer, a cavity wafer and an anode wafer. The cathode wafer may be bonded to one side of the cavity wafer and the anode wafer may be bonded to another side of the cavity wafer. The cathode wafer may have numerous cathodes, the anode wafer numerous anodes and the cavity wafer numerous cavities which may be aligned on a one-to-one basis to form a wafer structure of a plurality of detectors which may be diced into separable detector chips. When there is a voltage potential across a cathode and an anode, and a gas such as Ne or the like in the cavity, a reception of light such as ultra violet may result in an electronic discharge between the cathode and anode of the light detector.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2003Date of Patent: June 24, 2008Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventors: Barrett E. Cole, Robert E. Higashi
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Patent number: 6828730Abstract: A microdischarge photodetector has a photocathode, an insulator and an anode. A cavity of limited size is disposed in the insulator and filled with gas. A voltage applied between the photocathode and the anode produces a plasma. Light incident on the photocathode having photon energies larger than about the work function produces photoelectrons are ejected from the photocathode and accelerated by the plasma electric field. The incident light is detected by detecting an increase in the plasma current or light emission from the plasma. The cavity may be flat or tapered and is designed to optimize detector performance.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 2002Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: Board of Trustees of the University of IllinoisInventors: J. Gary Eden, Sung-Jin Park
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Patent number: 6765352Abstract: A photocathode and an electron tube in which the photocathode plate can be securely fixed without using any adhesive. Even under the severe condition that a high vibration resistance is required or thermal stress occurs because of great temperature variation, it can be used widely for an image intensifier, a streak tube, or a photomultiplier. The photocathode plate of the photocathode is sandwiched between a faceplate and a support plate. First pins embedded in the faceplate are joined to the support plate. Therefore, the photocathode plate can be readily fixed securely to the faceplate without using any adhesive.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2003Date of Patent: July 20, 2004Assignee: Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.Inventors: Akihiko Ohtomo, Tsuneo Ihara, Kuniyoshi Mori, Yoshiyuki Natsume
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Publication number: 20040100194Abstract: A microdischarge photodetector has a photocathode, an insulator and an anode. A cavity of limited size is disposed in the insulator and filled with gas. A voltage applied between the photocathode and the anode produces a plasma. Light incident on the photocathode having photon energies larger than about the work function produces photoelectrons are ejected from the photocathode and accelerated by the plasma electric field. The incident light is detected by detecting an increase in the plasma current or light emission from the plasma. The cavity may be flat or tapered and is designed to optimize detector performance.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 27, 2002Publication date: May 27, 2004Inventors: J. Gary Eden, Sung-Jin Park
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Patent number: 6731065Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for detection of radiation comprising a photocathode layer adapted to release photoelectrons in dependence on incident radiation; a radiation entrance arranged such that a beam of radiation can be entered into the apparatus through said radiation entrance and can impinge on said photocathode layer at grazing incidence; an electron avalanche amplifier adapted to avalanche amplify photoelectrons released from said photocathode layer; and a readout arrangement adapted to detect avalanche amplified electrons from said amplifier. The invention further relates to a corresponding method for detection of ionizing radiation and to an arrangement for use in planar beam radiography comprising the detector apparatus.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2000Date of Patent: May 4, 2004Assignee: XCounter ABInventors: Tom Francke, Vladimir Peskov
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Patent number: 6104022Abstract: The present invention is of a glow discharge switch operating in the low pressure regime where gas breakdown is limited by the distance between electron-gas particle collisions (pseudospark discharge). The invention utilizes linear discharge apertures (length greater than width) in the electrodes. The linear apertures provide significantly higher current conduction without discharge constriction than conventional round-hole pseudospark switches. A radial version of the linear pseudospark switch also is disclosed that provides for self-canceling of the magnetic fields induced by the discharge, and thus prevents discharge constriction and provides for very high current conduction.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1997Date of Patent: August 15, 2000Assignee: TETRA CorporationInventors: Christopher M. Young, William R. Cravey
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Patent number: 5319193Abstract: A light-activated transducer includes a transparent electrically-insulating substrate (2) having on one surface an electrode structure. The electrode structure includes an electrode portion (5a) containing an aperture for passage therethrough of light which has passed through the substrate, a contact pad (5c) spaced from the electrode portion, and an electrical feedthrough (5b) connecting the electrode portion to the contact pad. An insulator layer (3) is adhered to the surface of the substrate and on the feedthrough, and surrounds the electrode portion while leaving uncovered the contact pad and the electrode portion and a corresponding region of the substrate. A conductive or semiconductive cover sheet (1) is adhered to the insulator layer and supported thereby in spaced overlying relationship with the electrode portion and the corresponding region of the substrate. The, cover sheet, insulator layer, and the substrate form a cavity that, when sealed, contains an ionisable gaseous filling.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1992Date of Patent: June 7, 1994Assignee: British Technology Group LimitedInventors: Tony W. J. Rogers, Carol D. Daniel, Andrew Holmes-Siedle
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Patent number: 5311010Abstract: A buffer assembly for a gamma-insensitive gas avalanche focal plane array operating in the ultra-violet/visible/infrared energy wavelengths and using a photocathode and an avalanche gas located in a gap between an anode and the photocathode. The buffer assembly functions to eliminate chemical compatibility between the gas composition and the materials of the photocathode. The buffer assembly in the described embodiment is composed of two sections, a first section constructed of glass honeycomb under vacuum and a second section defining a thin barrier film or membrane constructed, for example, of Al and Be, which is attached to and supported by the honeycomb. The honeycomb section, in turn, is supported by and adjacent to the photocathode.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1993Date of Patent: May 10, 1994Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventor: Hans W. Kruger
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Patent number: 5103134Abstract: A device for reconditioning a neutron tube, comprising on the one hand invariant elements and on the other hand sensitive elements which are subject to wear and gaseous elements which are consumable and which are introduced by way of reservoirs. In accordance with the invention the sensitive elements, for example target (6) and gas reservoirs (7, 8) are collected in the same part (1') of the tube, which part is separable from the other part (1) by means of a tight connection system (12, 12', 13, 14 and 15) in order to make the replacements necessary for reconditioning.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 1989Date of Patent: April 7, 1992Assignee: U.S. Philips CorporationInventors: Serge Cluzeau, Geard Verschoore
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Patent number: 5057740Abstract: Provided is a means for triggering certain high voltage electronic, gas discharge switches that are a novel type of high power thyratron. Triggering of switches of the so-called "backlighted thyratron" type (a type of cold cathode thyratron) is enhanced by the inclusion of a very small, photoemissive cathode, separate and isolated from the main switch electrodes, to initiate the triggering discharge. The trigger cathode is protected from destruction by the main discharge current through the switch by mechanically and electrically isolating it from further participation in the discharge once the triggering process has been initiated. Alternatively, photosensitive material is coated on the backside of one of the main switch electrodes. A light source located externally of the switch directs light through a sealed aperture into the interior of the switch where it is incident on the photosensitive material generating electrons which in turn trigger the main switch discharge.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1990Date of Patent: October 15, 1991Assignee: Integrated Applied Physics, Inc.Inventor: George F. Kirkman-Amemiya
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Patent number: 4771168Abstract: The invention disclosed herein includes a low pressure, light initiated, glow discharge switch for high power application. The switch is comprised of an insulating envelope formed into a cylindrical shape having conductive plates at each end. Contained within the envelope is a cathode cup and an anode cup. Each of the cups has a plate at one end which defines two central apertures. The central apertures are positioned opposite one another a short distance apart and centrally axially aligned. A quartz window at the lower end of the cathode cup defines a visual opening to allow unfocused high energy electromagnetic radiation (UV light) to be shined upon the back side of the cathode plate. When UV light is presented to the back of the cathode plate, a photoemissive mechanism is initiated which causes an avalanche effect in the gas-filled chamber of the switch which leads to the discharge of current across the gap between the anode and cathode allowing the switch to close.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1987Date of Patent: September 13, 1988Assignee: The University of Southern CaliforniaInventors: Martin Gundersen, George Kirkman
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Patent number: 4590401Abstract: An ion chamber exhibiting a flat response to a wide range of incident gamma energy is provided by a high-pressure fill gas mixture of a first major constituent, low atomic number gas which exhibits a reduced gamma response at low gamma energy levels, and a second minor constituent, high atomic number gas which exhibits an increased gamma response at low gamma energy levels. The preferred fill gas mixture is nitrogen as the major constituent and xenon as the minor constituent.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1983Date of Patent: May 20, 1986Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.Inventors: Norman P. Goldstein, Alex D. Service, William H. Todt