Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) includes a bottom substrate, a bottom electrode formed on the bottom substrate, an organic layer formed on a predetermined region of the bottom electrode, a top electrode formed on the organic layer, a top substrate, and a sealing material formed on a spot glue region of the bottom substrate to bind the top substrate and the bottom substrate together. The top substrate further includes at least one ditch formed within the top substrate, and the ditch is used to prevent the sealing material from overflowing into the predetermined region of the bottom electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a getter placement and attachment assembly for securing and placement of the getter along the major axis of a CRT. The getter placement and attachment assembly includes a getter spring for removably securing the getter to an internal magnetic shield affixed to the frame of the color selection electrode or mask frame of a CRT. The internal magnetic shield has sidewalls enclosures with a plurality of apertures therethrough along the major axis of the CRT to permit optimum deposition of a getter film within the CRT.

Abstract: A flat panel display is provided including a baseplate for carrying a first potential, the baseplate having emitters for emitting electrons positioned thereon and a faceplate for carrying a second potential, the faceplate having phosphors thereon. The baseplate and the faceplate are hermetically sealed around the periphery to define an evacuated volume. A gate electrode for carrying a third potential causes the emitter to selectively emit electrons, which cause the phosphors to emit light and which ionize contaminant gases in the evacuated volume. A gettering material is disposed in housing connected to the evacuated volume and has a getter connection connecting the gettering material to the baseplate for applying the first potential to the gettering material, which causes the ionized contaminant gases to be attracted to and absorbed by the gettering material. The getter connection extends outside the vacuum to allow for testing of the ionized contaminant gases.

Abstract: A mobile, miniature x-ray source includes a low-power consumption cathode element for mobility, and an anode optic creating a field free region to prolong the life of the cathode element. An electric field is applied to an anode and a cathode that are disposed on opposite sides of an evacuated tube. The anode includes a target material to produce x-rays in response to impact of electrons. The cathode includes a cathode element to produce electrons that are accelerated towards the anode in response to the electric field between the anode and the cathode. The tube can have a length less than approximately 3 inches, and a diameter or width less than approximately 1 inch. The cathode element can include a low-power consumption cathode element with a low power consumption less than approximately 1 watt. The power source can include a battery power source. A field-free region can be positioned at the anode to resist positive ion acceleration back towards the cathode element.

Abstract: On an inner wall of a side wall portion of a funnel, a pair of protrusions are integrally formed as glass buildups at positions separated by a predetermined distance from an anode button toward a side of a neck tube. The pair of the protrusions are formed symmetrically on both sides of a virtual baseline extending to an seal edge surface and the neck tube through the center of the anode button. The virtual baseline is an intersection between a virtual plane including a tube axis and the inner wall, and passes through approximately the center of the seal edge surface in the lengthwise side.

Abstract: In a display device which is formed by attaching together a device substrate and a sealing substrate, a desiccant is coated to form a shape having a plurality of bending portions on the sealing substrate. Furthermore, the path coated with the desiccant on the sealing substrate is longer than conventional devices, thereby increasing a gross surface area and thus improving moisture absorption effect.

Abstract: A light-emitting device (42, 68, 80, 90, or 100) suitable for a flat-panel CRT display contains a plate (54), a light-emissive region (56), a light-blocking region (58), and a light-reflective layer (60 or 70). The light-emitting device achieves one or more of the following characteristics by suitably implementing the light-reflective layer or/and providing one or more layers (72, 82, 92, and 100) along the light-reflective layer: (a) reduced electron energy loss as electrons pass through the light-reflective layer, (b) gettering along the light-reflective layer, (c) reduced secondary electron emission along the light-reflective layer, (d) reduced electron backscattering along the light-reflective layer, and (e) reduced chemical reactivity along the light-reflective layer.

Abstract: A field emission display (FED) and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The FED includes a getter portion isolated outwardly from an active display region. This getter portion includes a non-evaporable getter layer for absorbing gas and an electron emission source for activating the getter layer. Accordingly, by activating the non-evaporable getter, the gas generated in the display is easily absorbed, and the FED is maintained in a high vacuum state.

Abstract: A vacuum container for a flat image display apparatus includes a rear substrate having an electron-emitting device mounted thereon, a face substrate arranged to face the rear substrate, having thereon a phosphor emitting light when the electron emitted from the electron-emitting device collides therewith, and an outer frame arranged between the dace substrate and the rear substrate. For this vacuum container, the outer frame is provided with a plurality of frame members. With the structure thus arranged, this vacuum container contributes significantly to manufacturing a light weight, but highly robust flat image display apparatus at lower cost. By providing a plurality of frame members for the outer frame portion, thinner substrates can be utilized with a good sealing mechanism, while securing the sufficient robustness of the edge circumference of the vacuum container.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) is capable of directly and effectively removing impurities from a discharging space for enhancing the purity of a discharging gas. The PDP has a getter layer formed of at least a portion of a barrier rib. The getter layer is independently formed at an upper portion of each barrier rib with respect to each discharging cell or maybe formed to cross each other at every other cell with respect to the discharging cells formed in a direction in which the barrier ribs extend. The getter material particles are dispersed in an insulation material so that the getter layer has an electrical insulation characteristic.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing contaminants from a display device using an auxiliary chamber, and a method for attaching the auxiliary chamber to the display device. In one embodiment, an auxiliary chamber is adapted to be coupled to a surface of a display device. The auxiliary chamber is adapted to be coupled to the surface of the display device such that contaminants within the display device can travel from the display device into the auxiliary chamber. The auxiliary chamber further includes a getter which is disposed therein. The getter is adapted to capture the contaminants once the contaminants travel from the display device into the auxiliary chamber. In so doing, the present invention eliminates the need for getter material to be placed within the active area of the display device. As a result, the present invention increases the usable amount of space available within the display device. This extra space can then be utilized by features such as, for example, additional field emitters.

Abstract: A metal halide discharge lamp has an ellipsoidal outer envelope with a quartz glass arc tube on its major axis supported by a frame having metal straps engaging pinched ends of the arc tube, which lie in a common pinch plane. An inert gas fill between the arc tube and the envelope establishes convection flow patterns during operation. Getters in the form of strips of ZrAl alloy are welded to the straps at 45° to the pinch plane on opposite sides thereof. The getter orientation improves absorption of impurities during horizontal lamp orientation, so that hydrogen spikes and other problems are eliminated.

Abstract: A getter comprising a calcium-aluminum compound including about 39% to about 43% calcium by weight produces a calcium vapor when sufficiently heated. The calcium vapor can condense to form a calcium film on an inside surface of a sealed evacuated enclosure such as a CRT to getter reactive species from the enclosed volume. The calcium-aluminum compound, preferably CaAl2 powder, can be mixed with either nickel powder, titanium powder, or both.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube and a getter assembly for use in such a cathode ray tube. The getter assembly comprises a conducting strip for contacting a high-voltage contact with a magnetic screening cone inside a cone portion of the tube. Due to the relatively large deflection angle of modern cathode ray tubes with flat display screens, the getter assembly has to be made smaller. The getter assembly of the invention has a notch for directly engaging the high voltage contact. In case of reworking during the manufacturing process, an operator can slide the new getter assembly with the aid of a special tool, from the neck side along the inner wall for engagement with the high-voltage contact.

Abstract: A getter which can maintain an absorption ability and secure sufficient characteristics even when a high-temperature low-vacuum is experienced in a process as compared with a conventional getter. The getter has an undulation on the surface, and is formed by depositing Ti or a composition mainly containing Ti or Zr or a base surface mainly containing Zr.

Abstract: Featured is an image forming device for driving field emission electron sources capable of low-vacuum operation, high in ion impact resistance, and controlled in orientation, under X-Y addressing through electrode lines of simple and low-cost configuration. The image forming device includes cathode electrode lines and gate electrode lines of wire structure, where the field emission electron sources are selectively grown on the cathode electrode lines. A vacuum gap is provided between a supporting substrate on the back-plate side and the cathode electrode lines, and a getter is arranged on the supporting substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing contaminants from a display device is disclosed. In one embodiment, an auxiliary chamber is adapted to be coupled to a surface of a display device such that contaminants within the display device can travel from the display device into the auxiliary chamber. A getter is disposed in the auxiliary chamber. The getter is adapted to capture the contaminants once the contaminants travel from the display device into the auxiliary chamber. In other embodiments, the getter is disposed in the border region surrounding the active area of the display.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a non-evaporating getter which can maintain the adsorbability for the residual gases, and in addition, can secure sufficient characteristics particularly even when it experiences a high-temperature and low-vacuum condition in the fabrication process of a display unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a field emission display constructed using an array of fibers and an orthogonal array of emitter electrodes. Each fiber in the fiber array contains an extraction electrode, spacer, a high voltage electrode and a phosphor layer. The array of emitter electrodes consists of carbon nanotube emitters attached to conductive electrodes. The emitter electrodes are separated using non-conductive fibers. A getter material in the form of a wire is placed within the array of emitter electrodes to maintain a high vacuum within the display.

Abstract: A fluorescent luminous tube is provided that has a getter mirror film formed in an arbitrary shape by illuminating a laser beam onto a getter. In order to form the getter film 32, the rectangular ring-less getter 31 mounted on the anode substrate 11 is irradiated with the laser beam L from the outside of the front substrate 12 and thus is evaporated. In this process, when the illumination spot of the laser beam L is moved along the scanning line 33, the rectangular getter mirror film 32 is formed around the scanning line 33. The burnt region 34, which has the same shape and size as those of the scanning line 33, is formed using the laser beam L.

Abstract: A light-emitting device (42, 68, 80, 90, or 100) suitable for a flat-panel CRT display contains a plate (54), a light-emissive region (56), and a light-reflective layer (60 or 70). The light-emitting device achieves one or more of the following characteristics by suitably implementing the light-reflective layer or/and providing one or more layers (72, 82, 92, and 100) along the light-reflective layer: (a) reduced electron energy loss as electrons pass through the light-reflective layer, (b) gettering along the light-reflective layer, (c) reduced secondary electron emission along the light-reflective layer, (d) reduced electron backscattering along the light-reflective layer, and (e) reduced chemical reactivity along the light-reflective layer.

Abstract: Image-forming apparatuses include getters that are suitably placed. The getters can be fixed using inorganic adhesives and function effectively by suitably setting weight ratios between getter powder and the adhesives.

Abstract: An image display apparatus which is subjected to getter flashing during manufacturing, for the purpose of increasing the degree of vacuum in the air-tight container thereof, is provided with a getter scattering prevention member comprised of a plurality of getter scattering prevention walls. The getter scattering prevention walls prevent getter material from scattering to the image display portion of the image display apparatus, while allowing for smooth conductance of gas in the air-tight container during evacuation. Thus, evacuation by the getter can be further improved by increasing the area to which getter adheres to, deterioration of the image quality can be prevented by not allowing getter to adhere to the image display portion, the air-tight container can be evacuated in a shorter time, irregularities in brightness of the screen due to uneven pressure within the display portion can be done away with, and a higher degree of vacuum can be attained.

Abstract: A getter system for plasma flat panel displays is disclosed. In a plasma flat panel display having front and rear panels sealingly joined together at peripheral edges thereof to define an inner space and a plurality of walls disposed within the inner space, the walls defining a series of substantially parallel secondary channels with openings at first and second ends thereof and a main channel extending along the perimeter of the front and rear panels, the getter system includes at least one nonevaporable getter device disposed within the inner space. The at least one nonevaporable getter device may be located in a portion of the main channel that faces the openings at one of the first and second ends of the secondary channels.

Abstract: A cathode structure comprising a getter material provided with a diamond film. The getter material may include zirconium, vanadium and iron. Cathode structures may have a substantially rounded configuration including a substantially straight portion. Other cathode structures may have a substantially flat portion, with the diamond film covering essentially the entire flat surface. Methods of manufacturing cathode structures may include conditioning the cathode structure by applying a voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to an organic light emitting device comprising a first conductor, a organic light emitting layer overlying the first conductor which emits light of a characteristic wavelength, a second conductor overlying the organic light emitting layer, and a transparent or substantially transparent substrate overlying at least one of the conductors. The substrate comprises dispersed particles of a getter material in an amount effective to protect the organic light emitting layer from being damaged by oxygen and/or water during a desired period of operation. The getter material has a particle size small enough that is smaller than the characteristic wavelength of the emitted light, so as to maintain the transparency or substantial transparency of the substrate. A method for making the device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A field emission display has an anode with a grille made at least in part of a getter material. The grille defines regions that are coated with phosphor to form pixels, and also getters free molecules within a sealed display. The getter material can alternatively be formed directly on at least a part of the grille, or over the grille on an intermediate layer.

Abstract: The present invention has a lamp/getter assembly which reduces or eliminates mechanical and chemical wearing of the filament/leads in a lamp. One or more getters are formed across the filaments of the lead wires of a lamp during construction. During the cooking and sealing off process, the mechanical integrity of the lead wire/filament geometry is maintained by the effect of the getter structure. After the sealing process, the lamp is operated at lower than operating voltage and the getters operate to remove impurities. When the lamp is then operated at normal voltage and temperature, the getter melts and breaks.

Abstract: A getter assembly for use in a vacuum display panel is described. The novel getter assembly can be provided including both a non-evaporative getter and an evaporative getter which are uniquely positioned juxtaposed to each other such that ions emitted by the evaporative getter upon activation substantially shield the non-evaporative getter so that gases emitted by the non-evaporative getter when activated does not affect the state of vacuum in the vacuum display panel. A preferred embodiment of the present invention novel getter assembly is shown for vacuum display panels that have sufficient thickness in the cavity so that the getter assembly can be installed inside the cavity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a getter placement and attachment assembly for securing and placement of the getter along the major axis of a CRT. The getter placement and attachment assembly includes a getter spring for removably securing the getter to an internal magnetic shield affixed to the frame of the color selection electrode or mask frame of a CRT. The internal magnetic shield has sidewalls enclosures with a plurality of apertures therethrough along the major axis of the CRT to permit optimum deposition of a getter film within the CRT.

Abstract: Methods of removing gaseous phase contaminants from a processing chamber, such as a PVD chamber, are provided. In one aspect, a method of removing gaseous phase water from a processing chamber is provided that includes placing a heated substrate that has a titanium film in the processing chamber to dissociate a first portion of the gaseous phase water into hydrogen and oxygen and capture some of the oxygen in, the titanium film. The dissociated hydrogen and uncaptured oxygen are pumped from the processing chamber and the substrate is removed from the processing chamber. Pump down times and test wafer consumption may be reduced.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided with an external housing constituted by members including first and second substrates positioned with a gap therebetween, an electron source positioned on the first substrate in the external housing, and a fluorescent film and an accelerating electrode provided on the second substrate. A first getter is positioned in the image display area in the external housing. And a second getter is so provided as to be insulated from the electron source and the accelerating electrode and as to surround the first getter.

Abstract: Rare-earth halides are shown to be a replacement for scandium halides in mercury-free discharge arc lamps if modifications are made to the prior art lamp design and operating temperatures. The inventive chemical compositions of the discharge medium provide enhanced color rendition index values. In addition, it has been unexpectedly determined that during the operation of the discharge lamps, the rare earth iodides do not react significantly with the fused silica arc tube. Equally as significant, any free iodine, which is so formed, has minimal impact on the efficacy of the lamp compared to the conventional scandium iodide lamps. Therefore, the rare earth iodide-containing lamps provide longer lifetime with superior illumination characteristics than conventional discharge lamps.

Abstract: There is provided a more expedient and positive desiccating means for an organic EL device. The invention relates to an organic EL device comprising 1) a laminate consisting of an opposed pair of electrodes and an organic light-emitting layer sandwiched between the electrodes, 2) a gas-tight housing accommodating the laminate and shielding off the external atmosphere and 3) a desiccating means disposed in isolation from the laminate within the gas-tight housing, characterized in that a preformed moisture-absorbing artifact as the desiccating means is fixedly secured to at least one part of the gas-tight housing and further to a method of manufacturing the same device.

Abstract: A vacuum container includes a getter 4 filled with a gettering material 6 for maintaining the vacuum state and includes a getter support 7 which comprises a control plate member 9, a support leg 8, and a holder 10 and the getter support 7 is arranged at the spreading direction of the getter material in order to limit the directions of the spreading of the getter material, thereby reducing the number of relevant components, simplifying the procedure of fabrication, and maintaining the degree of vacuum.

Abstract: A color display tube with an elongated phosphor screen having a pattern of discrete phosphor elements. In order to reduce landing errors of the electron beams, in particular in the X direction, and simultaneously minimize the amount of magnetic material used for the internal magnetic shield, the color display tube has an internal magnetic shield consisting of a tub that is deep-drawn from a foil, which tube has a bottom with an aperture for allowing passage of electrons. Material of the bottom adjoining the aperture for allowing passage of electrons has been bent outwards from the plane of the bottom. In this manner, material of the bottom of the tub which would otherwise have been cut away is used to enlarge the “virtual” height of the magnetic shield.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a member for EL devices permitting a production cost reduction and an EL device containing the same. A member for EL devices comprises a removing agent for removing a predetermined gas component and an adhesion member fixed to the removing agent.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus comprises an electron source and an image-forming member disposed in an envelope. The image-forming member includes a fluorescent film and a metal back covering the fluorescent film. The metal back contains a gettering substance and the gettering substance is irradiated with electron beams emitted from the electron source.

Abstract: A getter (74) is situated in an auxiliary compartment (72) of a hollow structure (40-46 and 76) having a larger main compartment (70). The auxiliary compartment is situated outside the main compartment and is connected to the main compartment so that the two compartments reach largely the same steady-state compartment pressure. The getter is activated by directing light energy locally through part of the hollow structure and onto the getter. The light energy is typically furnished by a laser beam (60). The getter, typically of the non-evaporable type, is usually inserted as a single piece of gettering material into the auxiliary compartment. The getter normally can be activated/re-activated multiple times in this manner, typically during sealing of different parts of the structure together.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing impure gases from a gas discharge display apparatus is disclosed, which includes a getter engaged at an outer portion of an image effective portion of the vacuum space for absorbing an impure gas, and a blocking wall for preventing the getter from being scattered toward the image effective portion in a gas discharge display apparatus in which a certain space is formed between a pair of substrates, and the substrates are sealed by a sealant, and a combined gas which is used for an electrode discharge is filled into a vacuum space formed between the substrates after an impure gas is exhausted therefrom by a ventilation/vacuum process, for thereby enhancing an image characteristic by preventing a getter material from being scattered toward an image display surface.

Abstract: Display device, in particular a PALC device, having a plasma space provided with a capsule (46) comprising getter material for supplying guest material to the plasma, e.g. H2, HD, D2. The capsule remains closed until the critical high temperature processing has been finished.

Abstract: It is described an oxygen dispenser for use in high pressure discharge lamps. The oxygen dispenser of the invention comprises a metallic container capable of retaining solid materials but allowing an easy passage of gas, containing silver oxide. Several possible types of dispenser are proposed. The dispenser has shown capable of avoiding the formation of black deposits coming from hydrocarbons inside the lamps.

Abstract: A hermetic container which does not require a getter room and can reliably absorb gases released in a container. In a field emission display, the hermetic container contains a front substrate and an opposite substrate confronting each other and a spacer disposed between the outer fringes of the front substrate and the outer fringes of the opposite substrate. Stripe anodes are formed on the inner surface of the front substrate. Each anode is formed of a transparent anode conductor and a fluorescent substance layer. Field emission elements are formed on the inner surface of the opposite substrate and respectively have a cathode conductor, an insulating layer, a gate, and an emitter disposed in an opening. Each of supports has one end which is disposed between stripe anodes and is in contact with the front substrate and the other end which is disposed between stripe gates and is in contact with the insulating layer.

Abstract: A frittable evaporable getter device includes a metallic container having a disk-shaped bottom wall and a side wall extending upwardly from the bottom wall. A powder compact having an upper surface in which at least two radial recesses are formed is disposed in the container. The powder compact is formed of a mixture of BaAl.sub.4 powder and nickel powder. A discontinuous metallic member is embedded in the powder compact such that the member does not protrude from the upper surface of the powder compact and the member is spaced apart from the bottom wall of the container. An evaporable getter device having reduced activation time includes a powder compact formed of a mixture of BaAl.sub.4 powder, nickel powder, and between about 0.3% and about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture of a third component selected from aluminum, iron, titanium, and alloys thereof.

Abstract: A Field Emitter Device (FED) having a substantially reducing atmosphere is described. The atmosphere in a FED can be maintained substantially free of oxidizing gases and includes a partial pressure of hydrogen between about 1.times.10.sup.-7 millibar (mbar) and 1.times.10.sup.-3 mbar. In one embodiment, a non-evaporable getter material previously charged with hydrogen gas is placed inside the FED before the FED is sealed. The non-evaporable getter material can be charged by exposure to hydrogen gas at a pressure between about 1.times.10.sup.-4 and about 2 bar. Subsequently, the components forming the FED are sealed, and the FED is evacuated and hermetically sealed to the outside atmosphere.

Abstract: A vacuum container capable of arranging a getter member therein while preventing an increase in overall height of an envelope and therefore the vacuum container. An anode substrate on which anode electrodes providing a display section are formed and a cathode substrate on which field emission cathodes are formed are arranged opposite to each other and sealedly joined to each other through an outer periphery thereof, to thereby provide an envelope. The cathode substrate is formed with a through-hole communicating with an interior of the envelope. The through-hole has a getter member received therein. The cathode substrate is provided on a portion of an outer surface thereof at which the through-hole is formed with an evacuation pipe through which the envelope is evacuated.

Abstract: A field emission display has an anode with a grille made at least in part of a getter material. The grille defines regions that are coated with phosphor to form pixels, and also getters free molecules within a sealed display. The getter material can alternatively be formed directly on at least a part of the grille, or over the grille on an intermediate layer.

Abstract: A vacuum tube including a getter apparatus is provided. The getter apparatus includes a sheet-like support with an applied getter layer which is used to maintain vacuum in the vacuum tube during operation. The support has the shape of a strip, and is positioned in a groove of a shield or a contact pin of the vacuum tube. The support is immobilized using impressions of the groove rim.

Abstract: A method for forming a supported thin layer of non-evaporable getter (NEG) material and a getter device formed thereby are provided. A suspension comprised of non-evaporable getter (NEG) material particles in a dispersing medium is prepared. The NEG material particles in the suspension have a particle size not greater than about 150 .mu.m. The dispersing medium has an aqueous, alcoholic, or hydroalcoholic base and contains not more than about 1 wt % of organic compounds having a boiling temperature of at least about 250.degree. C. The ratio of the weight of the NEG material particles to the weight of the dispersing medium is between about 4:1 and about 1:1. A layer of the suspension is deposited on a carrier by a serigraphic technique. Next, the deposited layer is dried to evaporate volatile components of the dispersing medium and thereby form a dried deposit. Finally, the dried deposit is sintered under vacuum at a temperature between about 800.degree. C. and 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A flat display is provided, which includes: a cathode plate including emitter electrode lines each having emitter tips provided in pixel areas, and gate electrode lines crossing the emitter electrode lines at the pixel areas; and an anode plate spaced a predetermined distance from the cathode plate in an opposed relation and having an anode conductive layer and fluorescent layers formed on the anode conductive layer in the respective pixel areas; the emitter electrode lines and the gate electrode lines each having transparent portions formed of a transparent conductive film at least in the pixel areas so that light emission from the fluorescent layers can be viewed through the transparent portions.