Abstract: A mount for a fluorescent lamp has a glass base, a longitudinal electrode coil mounted upon lead-in wires extending from the base, and a shield mounted upon the base. The shield comprises a pair of spaced apart shield plates, one on either side of the electrode coil and spaced therefrom.

Abstract: An electric light bulb that minimizes peeling of the coating, suppresses reduction of the number of light fluxes, and is easy to manufacture is described. The electric light bulb 1 has a glass bulb 2 having a straight tube 2a and a leading edge portion 2b that is continuous with the straight tube. A blue coating 5 is applied onto the straight tube, and a white or silver shield coating 6 is applied onto the leading end portion 2b.

Abstract: An electric lamp is provided which includes a sealed thin-walled outer envelope containing a fill gas having a high thermal conductivity. A lamp capsule is contained within the outer envelope and is in series with an oxidizable fuse also contained within the outer envelope. The fill gas serves to reduce the temperature of the fuse during normal operation of the lamp thereby reducing the power loss in the fuse, increasing overall lamp efficacy and eliminating glow of the fuse. The lamp capsule is quickly extinguished if the outer envelope is broken and the fuse exposed to air. In one embodiment, an incandescent lamp is provided wherein the lamp capsule is a tungsten halogen capsule, the fuse is a tungsten coil wire and the fill gas is helium.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric lamp (100) whose light source reaches a very high temperature during operation. It mainly relates to a lamp provided with a double envelope such that a fracture or a crack of the outer envelope (2) does not prevent the lamp (100) from functioning. The lamp is therefore provided with a safety cut-out wire (5) which allows the opening of the conduction path of the lamp in case of a fracture. To this end a safety-switch portion (6) is inserted in the safety cut-out wire (5). This portion is made of a material which opens the conduction path as soon as the safety-switch portion (6) comes into contact with air.

Abstract: To provide an incandescent lamp having a film with high color-temperature conversion capable of raising the color temperature of light radiated from an incandescent lamp in which the strength of the film with high color-temperature conversion in question is raised to prevent cracking and peeling, and to provide said lamp through a simple method of production, the film with high color-temperature conversion contains red optical-absorbent fine particles dispersed in a binder formed on the surface of a glass bulb. The red optical-absorbent fine particles have a mean particle diameter of 1 nm to 1000 nm and form 50 to 90 wt % of the film. Furthermore, the binder in the film with high color-temperature conversion also has red optical-absorption properties.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp comprises a discharge vessel (10) and a first and a second end portion (12a). The discharge vessel (10) encloses a discharge space provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas in a gastight manner. Each end portion (12a) supports an electrode (20a) arranged in the discharge space. Current supply conductors (30a, 30a′) extend from the electrodes (20a) through the end portions (12a) so as to project from the discharge vessel (10). An electrode shield (22a) encompasses at least one of the electrodes (20a). According to the invention, the electrode shield (22a) is mounted on the current supply conductors (30a, 30a′). Preferably, the electrode shield is clamped to the current supply conductors. The electrode shield is preferably provided with recesses to accommodate the current supply conductors. Preferably, the current supply conductors are flattened at the location where the electrode shield is mounted on the current supply conductors.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a fixing structure for the safety fuse of a Christmas lamp. The Christmas lamp of the present invention has two conductive filaments installed at two sides in a lamp casing. A fixing block is installed in the casing to fix the positions of the two conductive filaments. A tungsten filament is connected between the top ends of the two conductive filaments. The potion of the two conductive filaments between the tungsten filament and the fixing block is bent to form a fixing structure. A small section of safety fuse is exactly fixed on the two conductive filaments through the help of the fixing structure. Thereby good conductivity can be maintained, and material of safety fuse can be saved.

Abstract: A safety switch for a lamp having an outer envelope with a light source capsule mounted therein. The lamp has a base for connection to an electrical circuit via a mating socket and has in-leads appropriately connected to the base and to the light source capsule whereby electrical power can be supplied to the light source. A fuse is operatively mounted to one of the in-leads in the base. The safety switch is mounted in the outer envelope and tensioned thereagainst whereby breakage of the outer envelope causes the safety switch to release and electrically contact the in-leads causing a short circuit and opening the fuse, thereby removing power from the capsule.

Abstract: Colored luminaire, in particular a signal luminaire for motorcars, having a lamp and a cover, wherein the lamp includes a bulb having a coating composed of a first layer containing an iron-oxide pigment, a second layer containing an organic coloring material, and a transparent layer which is arranged between the first and the second layer and which contains a silicon-oxygen compound.

Abstract: A lamp including a light source (30) housed within a reflector (10), the reflector further includes a coating (24) over a major portion of an inner (20) and/or outer surface (22).

Abstract: An electric lamp (1) comprising a gastight lamp vessel (2) for the transformation of electrical energy into light, which lamp vessel has two current conductors (3,6; 4,7) which extend to the outside. The lamp further comprises an outer envelope (9) in which the lamp vessel (2) is arranged with a space between the lamp vessel and the outer envelope. The outer envelope (9) has a lamp cap (11) to which the current conductors (6,7) are electrically connected. The lamp (1) further has means (17) for switching off the lamp by short-circuiting the current conductors (6,7) in the case of fracture of the outer envelope (9).

Abstract: A long life, halogen cycle, incandescent lamp (30) for operation in excess of 85 volts. The lamp comprises a transparent glass envelope (34) having sealed therewithin a tungsten filament (45); a pair of electrical lead-ins (42, 44) connecting the filament and extending exteriorly of the envelope for connection to a supply voltage greater than 100 V; and a fill gas within the envelope, including a halogen, at a pressure of at least three atmospheres. The envelope is constructed of a five component alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent from >58 to about 64% SiO2, from about 14 to about 17% Al2O3; from 0 to about 1% B2O3, from 1 to about 6% MgO, from about 6 to about 12% CaO, from about 7 to about 17% BaO and from 0 to about 1.5% ZrO2.

Abstract: The electric lamp comprises a lamp vessel (1) which is transparent to visible light, and which lamp vessel accommodates a light source. The lamp vessel (1) is covered with an optical interference film (5; 5′) which includes layers of alternately a first layer (51, 53) of silica and a second layer (52) of a material having a relatively high refractive index. According to a first aspect of the invention, one of the second layers (52) includes an odd number of sub-layers (52a, 52b, 52c) of alternately a first sub-layer (52a, 52c) of the material with a relatively high refractive index and a second sub-layer (52b) of a further material with a further relatively high refractive index. Preferably, the material of the second sub-layer (52b) is Ta2O5.

Abstract: An amber vehicle lamp having a lamp bulb, and an amber coating including a clear silicone-polyester resin, and colorants including red iron oxide, and a yellow anthraquinone. The amber coating may further include a silane coupling agent. The amber vehicle lamp provides an amber color meeting ECE specifications, and having a coating durability of 96 percent of color at 70 percent of the rated lamp life. The colorants have a particle size of less than 0.01 microns providing a substantially clear amber colored bulb.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at a family of glasses capable of absorbing UV radiation and filtering yellow light in the visible region of the spectrum, the family of glasses having a composition consisting essentially, in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of: 55-95.7% SiO2, 0-28% B2O3, 0.5-18% Al2O3, 0-4% SrO, 0-13% BaO, 0-13% CaO, 0-8% MgO, 0-7.5% Na2O, 0-9.5% K2O, 0-1.5% Li2O, 0-1.5% Sb2O3, 0.4-4.5% Nd2O3, and 0.1-1% CeO2. Glasses of the present invention are capable of employment as envelopes for tungsten-halogen lamps and other high temperature light sources, as well as sealed-beam incandescent headlights.

Abstract: A general service incandescent lamp including a housing with electrically conductive base (s); a transparent envelope; a radiation discriminative reflective film reflecting wasted radiation for recycling; a electrically driven filament; wherein an improvement is a new use of lightweight low thermal capacity insulator of fibrous ceramic material spatially formed to shade the lamp base from filament and/or reflected energy from a reflective film; wherein an improvement is to use the ceramic to shape the output beam to the solid angle of radiation; wherein an improvement contains a low thermal capacity insulator with candoluminescence material that when thermally exited emits radiation via candoluminescence improving the lamp's efficacy and color; wherein an improvement contains a larger optical spot size focusing requirement for the reflective mirror as compared to the spot size formed by the lamp's filament cross section, wherein an improvement is use of a polarized discriminative reflective film.

Abstract: A PALC panel has narrow cathodes.

Abstract: A tungsten halogen lamp comprises an arc tube of fused quartz having a sealing portion at one end with a halogen element and a rare gas enclosed and a filament coil held within the arc tube, and an infrared reflecting film is formed on the surface of the arc tube. The sealing portion seals metal foils connected to the filament coil and outer leads having one end connected to the metal foils and the other end led out of the sealing portion. The infrared reflecting film is formed on the surfaces of the outer leads and the surfaces of the metal foils, and at least a part of the surface of the sealing portion has a portion where the infrared reflecting film is not formed or a portion where at least a part of the infrared reflecting film is removed. Therefore, the oxidation of the metal foils is prevented, and a tungsten halogen lamp that has a long life and a high efficiency and is inexpensive and a method for manufacturing the same are obtained.

Abstract: At least one of the electrodes (6a) has a coil (60a) of a refractory metal which is electrically connected to current supply conductors (7a, 7a') which extend to outside the discharge vessel. The coil (60a) has a central portion (61a) which is coated with an electron-emitting material and an end portion (62a, 62a) on either side thereof, which end portions are covered with a protecting material which is mainly formed by one or more oxides of calcium and/or magnesium.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp system includes a housing and an external base connector mounted in the housing. The external base connector receives electrical power from an external source. A ballast unit is secured within the housing and is electrically connected to the external base connector. The ballast unit controls the electrical power received from the external source. A lamp unit defines an interior volume. The lamp unit includes first and second lamp electrodes extending into the lamp unit. The lamp unit contains a gas which breaks-down permitting electrical current to pass through the lamp unit. An interior of the lamp unit is coated with a material which fluoresces when the gas within the sealed lamp unit ionizes. An electrically conductive hollow cylinder is located within the interior volume. A breakdown voltage path within the lamp unit is modified by the electrically conductive hollow cylinder.

Abstract: A high efficiency lamp apparatus for producing a light beam of polarized light includes an electrodeless lamp body that defines a chamber. A gas is contained within the chamber such as sulfur or selenium or a compound thereof that can be excited to form a plasma. Electrodes are positioned externally of the lamp chamber for producing radio frequency energy that excites the gas, forming a plasma light source of intense heat that emits a light beam. Electrodes are not subjected to the intense heat generated by the plasma as they are placed externally of the lamp body. A reflector is positioned next to the lamp body for redirecting some of the light emitted by the light source back to the lamp using the reflector so that the lamp reabsorbs light energy to intensify the light source. The reflector includes a polarizing filter that is positioned to receive and polarize the light beam. An insulator prevents heat intensity of the plasma from damaging the polarizing filter as it has a low operating temperature range.

Abstract: A dual-filament reflective infrared bulb has high and low beam filaments in spaced adjacency along a longitudinal bulb axis. A longitudinal envelope structure encloses each filament in a separate substantially ellipsoidal chamber. The outer surface of the envelope structure is coated with dichroic layers and provides focused reflectance of infrared radiation back onto the filaments. The common ground lead of the assembly passes through one of the chambers substantially off of the longitudinal axis and thereby off of the focal axis of the infrared radiation. A lead emanates out of one longitudinal end of the envelope structure and is formed to return in spaced adjacency toward the opposite longitudinal end. A bulb shield is fastened to the return portion of the lead and intermediate one of the chambers and the leads.

Abstract: A light source for backlighting a display panel comprises a light-emitting device such as an incandescent light bulb or LED array disposed within a cavity having diffusely reflecting walls and an aperture. A diffuser and brightness enhancing film are situated proximate the opening of the aperture which illuminates the display to be backlit. Preferably, light emerging from the aperture is substantially uniform in intensity and color, and in one embodiment, a color filter is employed to whiten the light emerging from the aperture. One embodiment has an aperture in which the ratio of the area of the aperture to the sum of such area and the surface area of the cavity is at least 0.05. In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth of the cavity to an edge to edge dimension of the cavity is at least 0.1.

Abstract: A long life, two filament tungsten halogen lamp having light transmissive envelope, a first filament with a first lead, second lead, filament coil; a second similar filament, and a fill material is disclosed. The filament coil has an increased wire weight, increased over what is commonly used. The fill material comprises a halogen for the tungsten halogen cycle, a getter, and the remainder is approximately equal portions of krypton and xenon. The basic life improvement comes from the heavier tungsten wire weight, combined with the heavier molecular weight of xenon and krypton. The new filament and fill gives a two filament tungsten halogen lamp yielding substantially longer lamp life.

Abstract: A display has a matrix array of cells formed in a silicon plate and each containing a tungsten strip filament. The cells are filled with a halogen gas and are sealed by a double-glazed window with an infra-red reflecting filter to reflect heat back into the cell while allowing the transmission of visible radiation. The rear of the plate is treated to make it microporous and reduce its thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A plasma-addressed display device whose discharge is stabilized and which is thereby suitable for the mass production of large plasma-addressed display devices having a size in the order of meters, comprising: a first substrate having a plurality of data electrodes arranged in parallel to each other; a dielectric sheet, the first substrate and the dielectric sheet being disposed face-to-face to form a display chamber therebetween; a second substrate having a plurality of discharge electrodes, and a plurality of barrier ribs each of which is located on one of the discharge electrodes to define a discharge channel between adjacent barrier ribs, the second substrate and the dielectric sheet being disposed face-to-face to form a discharge chamber therebetween, the data electrodes and discharge channel being arranged so that they are spaced apart in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, each of the discharge electrodes having a width larger than the respective one barrier rib in such a manner that

Abstract: An electric incandescent lamp (4), in particular an incandescent halogen p, has a bulb or envelope (5), which is shaped as an ellipsoid or optionally ellipsoidlike (barrel-shaped body) and provided with an IR layer (8). Located inside the bulb (5) axially is a compact filament (2') of circular-cylindrical outer contour; the focal lines of the ellipsoid-like barrel-shaped body each coincide approximately with the last luminous winding on the two ends of the filament. This improves lamp efficiency. The compact filament is preferably in the form of a helical coil (2'), whose power supply lead (10b) remote from the seal is returned to inside the helical coil (2'), or is shaped like a double helix.

Abstract: A lamp which provides substantially uniform illumination over a predetermined area which includes a glass envelope having a lensed end and a curved filament contained within the envelope. The filament contains a plurality of coils which are disposed in a concave orientation with respect to the lensed end.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp has an envelope including a cylindrical portion and two hemispherical portions. Each hemispherical portion includes a second order curve which has a focus and is connected at one end of the cylindrical portion, respectively. A filament is provided along the central axis of the envelope and is located within and extends beyond a space surrounded by the cylindrical portion. An optical interference layer is arranged on a surface of the envelope to reflect infrared rays and transmit visible rays.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp has a light transmissive, IR coated, filament chamber enclosing a filament, the filament chamber being enclosed within an outer envelope. Fuses are connected to opposite ends of the filament to limit the magnitude and duration of an electrical arc across a break in the filament which, in combination with a fill gas pressure of no greater than 2500 Torr reduces the likelihood of containment failure.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a gas discharge tube which is properly lighted to improve the reproducibility of a satisfactory light emission state. The gas discharge tube includes an envelop for accommodating a hot cathode for emitting thermoelectrons, an anode for receiving the thermoelectrons, a focusing electrode having a focusing opening for converging paths of the thermoelectrons, and a discharge shielding member supporting the focusing electrode and the anode, the discharge shielding member further supporting a cathode box for surrounding the hot cathode while being electrically insulated from the focusing electrode. Since a lighting device for the gas discharge tube sets the focusing electrode to a zero or negative potential while an electric field is generated between the hot cathode and the anode, the lighting device will be certainly turned on.

Abstract: To inhibit, or at least sharply attenuate, fluorescence of a quartz-glass velope (10) surrounding a light source (11), such as a halogen incandescent lamp, a high-pressure discharge lamp, or the like, when the quartz glass is subjected to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the light source, and has been doped with a UV radiation absorbing material, typically a cerium, or cerium-titanium doping, the quartz-glass envelope is additionally doped with praseodymium or a praseodymium compound, such as praseodymium oxide or praseodymium aluminate. The pure praseodymium in the doping is, preferably, present in quantities of between about 0.008 and 1.25%, by weight, with reference to the undoped quartz glass. Barium metaborate can also be used, preferably together with praseodymium to attenuate the fluorescence.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp having a gas discharge tube, which is at least partly surrounded by a transparent protective bulb, the latter having a bursting guard. The protective bulb is designed as a completely closed envelope bulb, which surrounds in vacuum-tight manner the gas discharge tube. The bursting guard also completely envelops the envelope bulb.

Abstract: To reduce heat loading of a luminaire or lamp fixture in which a halogen andescent lamp, retained in a reflector, is installed, the bulb of the halogen incandescent lamp is coated with a heat reflecting or mirror coating so that heat radiated from the filament (3) of the lamp (2, 10) is reflected from the surface of the bulb back into the bulb, rather than being directed from the filament to the reflector so that a portion of the radiation is diffusely transmitted from the lamp through an outer covering (6) thereof. If the reflector is only partially IR reflective, the remaining portion which can pass to heat the fixture or luminaire is small enough so that its temperature rise will be within an acceptable range. Thus, forwardly directed heat radiation is not focused, as is the visible light, and heat loading on an illuminated object is substantially reduced, without excessive heat loading of the fixture or luminaire.

Abstract: A method for making a tantala/silica interference filter on a vitreous substrate, the filter retaining integrity at temperatures in excess of 600.degree. C., includes the steps of applying to the vitreous substrate a first coating of vitreous silica doped with submicron-sized particles, depositing on the first coating by low pressure chemical vapor deposition the filter which comprises a second coating comprising alternating layers of tantala and silica, and heat treating the substrate and first and second coatings to bond the filter to the substrate. There is further provided an electric lamp having an envelope made in accordance with the above method.

Abstract: An electric lamp, such as an incandescent linear quartz heat lamp, is provided having a vitreous light transmissive envelope having an exterior surface and a light source capable of generating light within said envelope. Disposed on a portion of the exterior surface of the envelope is a diffuse reflective coating, such as a boron nitride coating, for reflecting at least a portion of the light emitted by the source. A protective silica coating encapsulates the reflective coating to protect the reflective coating from things such as abrasion, moisture, and cleaning solvents.

Abstract: Glare or stray light from a lamp is controlled by determining the location of a filament relative to a major axis of the ellipsoidal portion of a lamp envelope. Once the maximum deviation of the filament from the major axis has been determined, the lamp may be marked with indicia, or immediately secured to a base to assure the location of the filament in the final assembly of the headlamp. Any stray or glare light is then controlled or directed in a predetermined manner.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp having an envelope of hardglass. The envelope encloses a tungsten filament and contains a fill material including an inert fill gas and a halogen additive. A coating of silicon dioxide (i.e., silica) is disposed on a substantial portion of the internal surface of the envelope. The silicon dioxide coating prevents the halogen additive from combining with alkaline ions of the hardglass envelope.

Abstract: An optical interference filter produced on a vitreous, light transmissive substrate, such as an electric lamp envelope, includes a plurality of alternating layers of tantala and silica in which each tantala layer includes titania in an amount of less than about 10 mole % whereby the microstructure of the tantala layers is controlled during subsequent crystallization and extrinsic stress in the tantala layers is reduced. Rather than or in addition to including titania in each tantala layer, the present invention additionally contemplates placing at least some of the tantala layers in contact with a titania layer (pre-layer and/or post-layer) whereby the microstructure of the tantala layers is controlled during subsequent crystallization and extrinsic stress in the tantala layers is reduced.

Abstract: A multilayer optical interference filter having a controlled degree of diffuse reflection over a desired visible wavelength range, includes alternating layers of at least one high refractive index material and at least one low refractive index material, wherein at least one layer of the alternating layers is a light scattering layer comprised of titania which diffusely reflects light over a desired visible wavelength range. The multilayer optical interference filter may be provided by a process including sequentially applying the alternating layers by chemical vapor deposition from respective precursors at temperatures effective to pyrolytically decompose the respective precursors, wherein the precursor of the light scattering layer comprised of titania is at least one branched alkoxide of titania.

Abstract: A surface mountable miniature incandescent lamp assembly has an elongated substantially cylindrical glass envelope wherein a filament is contained in contact with metal members having glass-to-metal seals with the glass envelope. A substantial portion of the outer surface of the glass envelope is coated with a light reflective metal coating, with a non-coated elongated window transparent to light being left on the surface. The metal members extend axially to the outside from the envelope and, when mounted to a circuit board provide electric contact for the lamp. At least one of the end members includes a unique surface feature, such as a flat portion of an otherwise cylindrical surface, which is directionally coupled relative to the window of the glass envelope and which acts as a key or indexing surface for mounting the lamp assembly to the receiving surface (circuit board) with the window disposed in the desired direction.

Abstract: To reduce the transmissivity of glass, and particularly quartz glass, espally highly thermally loaded quartz glass of discharge lamps or halogen incandescent lamps, a coating or glaze is applied to the bulb and adjacent regions which includes, as an ultraviolet light absorption, a glaze of a mixture of cerium fluoride (CeF.sub.3) and aluminum trioxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) and silicon dioxide (SiO.sub.2), in a relationship, by weight, of about 3:1, preferably about 2:1. The weight relationship of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to SiO.sub.2 in the mixture is about 1.7:1. The mixture can be applied in form of an alcohol or alcohol-like suspension, after grinding to a grain size of less than 300 mesh, by spraying, dripping on, painting or the like, subsequent drying for 10 seconds, and firing in a hydrogen/oxygen flame or in an ordinary gas flame for about 2 seconds, while axially rotating the lamp bulb.

Abstract: A microlamp including a polysilicon filament coated with a protective layer and enclosed by a window in a vacuum-sealed cavity.

Abstract: A small volume, high wattage press sealed lamp having envelope, filament, internal leads, seal foils, external leads, and blades is disclosed. The small volume, high wattage press sealed lamp increased conductivity due to a flat faced external lead forming one of the foil welds. The external lead is butt welded to blade stock at ninety degrees forming a highly conductive bond.

Abstract: A tubular electric lamp has lamp bases each consisting of an electrically insulative sleeve and conductive contact mounted therein. The sleeve has a first abutment which buts against the seal, a second abutment against which the conductive contact is seated, and an access port located axially between the first and second abutments. With the contact seated against the second abutment and the sleeve mounted over the current conductor and butted against the seal, the current conductor and a projection of the conductive contact extend axially past the access port. The conductive contact is welded and/or crimped to the conductive contact through the access port with the contact seated against the second abutment and the first abutment butted against the seal, fixing the sleeve between the contact and the seal.

Abstract: A lamp/reflector assembly has an electric lamp (10) having a base (13) presenting projections (17-19) which touch an imaginary sphere having its center of curvature coincident with the electrical element (12) of the lamp. The reflector (1) of the assembly has an opening (6) through which the lamp (10) extends, and a convex, spherically curved mounting surface (30) aligned with respect to the opening (6). The mounting surface (30) has its center of curvature substantially coincident with the optical center (4) of the reflector (1). The projections (17-19) of the base bear against the mounting surface (30) and the optical center (4) of the reflector (1) coincides with the electrical element (12), also when the lamp occupies one of a number of positions tilted with respect to the optical axis (3) of the reflector (1).

Abstract: A sub-miniature lamp in which a lamp body having a filament and an envelope is covered with a soft silicone rubber cap of a predetermined color having an opening at one end to a predetermined length of lead wires extending from the lamp body. A closure member is fitted to the opening of the envelope to seal the opening. The colored silicone rubber cap covers the envelope of the lamp body and is extended to a predetermined length of the lead wires, with the opened end of the cap fitted with an adhesive agent or a disc pad.

Abstract: Fused quartz containing both titanium dioxide and cerium oxide as UV absorbing dopants has been found to be particularly effective for lamp envelopes for high temperature lamps such as halogen-incandescent lamps and metal halide arc discharge lamps which emit both UV and visible light radiation. The codoped quartz transmits visible radiation and absorbs a substantial portion of the emitted UV radiation. The UV absorption is far superior at temperatures above 500.degree. C. and the codoped quartz does not react with the fill within.

Abstract: A light mirror and a lamp including a light mirror are disclosed. The light mirror includes a light pervious substrate having a reflecting surface, a metal coating disposed in the reflecting surface, and a dichroic coating disposed on the metal coating. The dichroic coating is designed to reflect essentially all of the visible light spectrum and to transmit infra-red radiation and any unreflected portion of the visible light spectrum. A method for controlling the heat transmission of a cold light mirror is also disclosed.

Abstract: A tungsten halogen lamp producing infra red radiation, for example for cooking or heating, has an envelope of high silica content material sealed at each end by a pinch seal. A gas fill is at a room temperature pressure of 250-750 mm Hg. A portion of the envelope at each end is clear and the rest contains an opacifier which reduces transmission of visible light. A suitable opacifier is red, being produced by the reduction of copper oxide dispersed in the high silica content material. The envelope is produced by butt joining clear end sections and a tube of material containing opacifier.