Abstract: To provide a lamp seal that avoids cracking of the functionally gradient material in the manufacturing process, that assures adequate mechanical strength of the finished product, and that has improved productivity because of the ease of welding when the light-emitting tube of the lamp is sealed, the lamp seal (20) comprising a functionally gradient material (21) and a lead bar (11), in which the functionally gradient material (21) has layers of mixtures of electrically non-conductive material and conductive material such that one end is non-conductive and the other end is conductive, with layers such that the proportion of conductive material increases in stages or continually moving from one end to the other, in which the lead bar (11) passes through a hole formed in the direction of layering of the functionally gradient material and is attached in the conductive region of the functionally gradient material (21), has the proportion of conductive material at the point of attachment (26) of the lead bar (11) t

Abstract: A ceramic envelope for high intensity discharge lamp is provided including a cylindrical barrel section forming an electric discharge light emitting space; and having annular closing sections closing both ends of the barrel, respectively; and capillary sections that insert and fix an electric discharge electrode to protruded outwardly so as to be to oppose each other from the substantial center of both closing sections. The envelope essentially consists of alumina, and is formed to have light transmission properties by adding MgO. Then, the thickness of the barrel section at the boundary between the barrel section and the closing section is increased by providing a tapered section in the vicinity of the center of an electric discharge light emitting space. Thus, a high emitting envelope for high intensity discharge lamp capable of extending the service life of the lamp can be provided, even if the electric discharge space is cylindrical.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp has elongated electrodes (3) that are arranged on the inside of the wall of the discharge vessel (2) and are covered by a dielectric layer (4). Arranged on the outside of the wall of the discharge vessel (2) is an electrically conductive means (8) that is limited with reference to the longitudinal axis to a subregion (B) of the discharge vessel wall, for example a metal ring. The startability of the dielectric barrier discharge lamp when first being started or after long operational pauses is improved thereby.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for capping an electric lamp which has a lamp cap with at least one thermoplastic synthetic cap part (21). In particular, the invention relates to a method for cementless capping of a compact fluorescent lamp. According to the invention, the lamp vessel (1) is sealed with the aid of the thermoplastic synthetic cap part (21) by heating sections (101, 102) of the lamp vessel (1) above the softening point and preferably above the melting point of the thermoplastic, and introducing them into constricted cutouts (210) in the thermoplastic synthetic cap part (21). The heated lamp vessel sections (101, 102) soften or melt and displace the synthetic material in the region of the constricted cutouts (210). The lamp vessel (1) is embedded in the set synthetic in a self-closed fashion after the polymer melt has been allowed to set.

Abstract: A mount assembly for a lamp has a glass stem (122) having a first portion (124) that is tubular and has an outside diameter D2 and a second portion (118) formed as a pinch seal. A blow-hole (125) is formed in the tubular first portion and is connected to an exhaust tubulation (126). A substantially C-shaped clip (100) is mounted upon the first portion (124). The C-shaped clip (10) has an inside diameter D that is smaller than the outside diameter D2 whereby the clip (100) frictionally engages the first portion (24). A pair of substantially oppositely located cutouts (102, 104) is formed in the clip (10), each providing an extending flap (106, 108) projecting away from the clip (100). This assembly accurately supports the structure and prevents rotation of the mount assembly. An upstanding tab (110) is located substantially midway between the extending flaps, i.e., opposite the open part of the clip, and angled inwardly toward the center of the C-shaped clip (100).

Abstract: There is provided a low pressure discharge lamp, which comprises a discharge tube, a lamp base holding the discharge tube, and a base cap (6) for covering the lamp base. The base cap (6) also provides mechanical support to the discharge tube. The base cap (6) comprises tube openings (10) for receiving end parts of the discharge tube. The base cap (6) further comprises an adhesive space (14) adjacent to a tube opening (10), the adhesive space containing an amount of adhesive. The adhesive space (14) is open toward the discharge tube. The adhesive contained in the adhesive space (14) adheres to an end part of the discharge tube and thereby fixes the discharge tube to the base cap (6). The base cap comprises at least one upper transversal member (31) and at least one lower transversal member (32). The transversal members (31,32) extend substantially in a plane parallel to a plane of the tube opening (10) adjacent to the adhesive space (14).

Abstract: A system and method for hermetically sealing a lamp. Certain embodiments of the lamp have an arc envelope having an open end and, also, an end structure diffusion bonded to the arc envelope at the open end. The end structure also has a dosing passageway extending into the arc envelope. In other embodiments, a lighting device is provided with an end structure adapted to close an open end of an arc envelope, and a dosing tube diffusion bonded to the end structure. Another embodiment of the lighting device has an arc envelope and an end structure diffusion bonded to an open end of the arc envelope.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp includes a quartz glass bulb, a conductive element which is sealed at a sealing portion of the bulb, and a pair of electrodes. Each electrode is disposed in the quartz glass bulb so as to be opposite the other and connected to the conductive element. A part of each electrode is sealed with the quartz glass bulb at the sealing portion so as to generate a contacting portion formed by the part of each electrode and the bulb. The maximum length, Lmax, of the contacting portion is defined as: Lmax (mm)≦200/(P×D); and the minimum length, Lmin, of the contacting portion is defined as: Lmin (mm)≧0.8/(D2×&pgr;) or Lmin (mm)≧0.7 whichever is longer, where D is the diameter (mm) of the electrode and P is the power (W) supplied to the electrode.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed lamp having at least one end-to-end seal. The end-to-end seal may be a material diffusion bond, a seal-material bond, or any other suitable bond. For example, the hermetically sealed lamp may have one or more endcaps butt-sealed to an arc envelope, such as a ceramic tube or bulb. The hermetically sealed lamp also may have one or more tubular structures, such as dosing tubes, which are butt-sealed to the endcap and/or arc envelope. Localized heating, such as the heat provided by an intense laser, also may be used to enhance any of the foregoing bonds.

Abstract: A short arc discharge lamp in which the arc tube contains opposed cathode and anode electrodes with upholding parts that are inserted into a respective glass tube holding cylinder, and in which the glass tubes of the holding cylinders are secured in the side tubes at opposite sides of the arc tube by contracted areas, provides the peripheral surface of the holding cylinders with at least one section of reduced diameter to prevent the holding cylinders from moving, to prevent force from acting in a concentrated manner on the sealed areas and to prevent the lamp from being damaged when the lamp is shaken during transport or the like.

Abstract: A spring clip (10) has a base (12) in a first plane and has an aperture (14) centrally located therein. U-shaped projections (16) and (18) are provided on the base (12) and are formed from first and second upstanding walls (200 and (22) and third and fourth walls (24) and (26), at each end of the base (12). A first lip (28) extends orthogonally between the first wall and second wall in a second plane and a second lip (29) extends orthogonally between the third wall and fourth wall, also in the second plane. The second plane is substantially parallel to the first plane but spaced therefrom. Extensions (30) and (32) are formed with the first wall and the third wall and project away from them. The extension are in substantially the same plane as base (12) and at least one flag (34) can be formed with at least one of the extensions. The flags (34) project away from the extensions (32) in a plane transverse to the first and second planes and allow the clips to be attached to a frame.

Abstract: An ultra-high pressure discharge lamp is provided having seal portions of a structure capable of realizing a pressure resistance of 100 atm or higher while ensuring a higher yield. The ultra-high pressure discharge lamp includes: a pair of mounts each comprising a metal foil having one end welded to an associated electrode and an opposite end welded to an associated external lead pin, and a preseal glass member embedding the metal foil therein; and a quartz envelope having an arc tube portion provided with a pair of seal portions on opposite sides thereof, the electrodes associated with the respective mounts being disposed opposite to each other in the arc tube portion, the preseal glass member being hermetically sealed in a respective one of the seal portions, wherein the preseal glass member has a portion fused to an inner peripheral surface of the respective seal portion over an entire circumference thereof.

Abstract: A lamp cap with a spring cup for retaining a lamp burner, for which it is proposed that the spring cup has at least three spring legs which each have substantially only one degree of freedom. The spring legs are arranged such that the three degrees of freedom enable a displacement possibility of the spring cup in a displacement plane and are linearly independently aligned in this displacement plane.

Abstract: A lamp includes a bulb having conductive terminals and a retainer including a cylinder having a top opening for receiving the bulb and a U-shaped support having two legs extending from a lower side of the cylinder and connected by a bottom for supporting and retaining the bulb in the retainer whereby opposite openings are formed between the support. Projections extend from opposite sides of the. A partition extends from the bottom of the support and having opposite side faces that are inclined and converge to each other. A socket includes a circumferential wall forming an upper space for receiving the retainer therein and a lower space having a lower opening for extension of the wires. A securing structure is formed on an inside surface of the circumferential wall and corresponds to each of the openings between the support and the cylinder of the retainer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for marking quartz glass lamps having at least one fusible metal foil 10, 12, which is surrounded by quartz glass, for supplying electric voltage to luminous means 15 arranged in the interior chamber of a lamp vessel, in which method the fusible metal foil 10, 12 is marked through the quartz glass by means of a laser. The invention also relates to a quartz glass lamp having at least one fusible metal foil 10, 12 which is surrounded by quartz glass, for supplying electric voltage to luminous means 15 arranged in the interior chamber of a lamp vessel, in which lamp the fusible metal foil 10, 12 forms a marking area 16, the marking of the marking area 16 taking place through the quartz glass by means of a laser.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a backlight including external electrode fluorescent lamps and a method for driving the backlight. The backlight includes fluorescent lamps having external electrodes made of an electrically conductive material for wrapping the outer peripheral surfaces including edge cross-sections on both ends of a glass tube with a layer of fluorescent substance applied thereon. The backlight is constructed in a manner that a plurality of such fluorescent lamps are installed at the outer portions of a plastic light guide, and an alternating current type power source is applied from the outside to the fluorescent lamps by installing a plurality of the fluorescent lamps between a reflecting plate and a diffusing plate and electrically connecting them with one another.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp includes a light-transmissive ceramic discharge vessel with an envelope having a maximum outer diameter D1 and open ends, a metal pipe having one end, i.e., a top end fused in the open end of the light-transmissive ceramic discharge vessel and the other end, i.e., a base end protruding from the light-transmissive ceramic discharge vessel, a pair of electrodes each having one end, i.e., a base end connectively supported on the base end of the metal pipe and the other end, i.e., a top end extending within the light-transmissive ceramic discharge vessel, and a discharge agent which is filled in the light-transmissive ceramic discharge vessel, wherein it is also characterized by that the high pressure discharge lamp has an overall length L1, and the overall length L1 and the maximum outer diameter of D1 satisfies a following equation. 1.5≦L1/D1≦4.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrode assembly for a sealed lamp envelope. The electrode assembly comprises an outer lead wire and an inner lead wire, providing electric connection to an electrode in the envelope. A substantially planar conductor foil connects the outer lead wire and the inner lead wire. The conductor foil provides a sealed electric connection through a sealed portion of the envelope. In order to improve the mechanical stiffness of the conductor foil, the conductor foil comprises a curvature. The curvature is formed by the foil in a plane substantially perpendicular to a line connecting the outer lead wire and the inner lead wire. There is provided a lamp with the electrode assembly and a method for stiffening a conductor foil of an electrode assembly of a sealed lamp envelope.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp which is provided with a discharge vessel which encloses a discharge space. The discharge vessel has a ceramic wall and is closed by a ceramic plug. An electrode which is located inside the discharge space is connected to an electric conductor by way of a leadthrough element. The leadthrough element projects through the ceramic plug with a close fit and is connected thereto in a gastight manner by way of a sealing ceramic. The leadthrough element has a first part which is formed by a cermet at the area of the gastight connection. In accordance with the invention the leadthrough element has a second part which is a metal part which extends from the cermet in the direction of the electrode.

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp having a highly reliable sealed portion. The lamp has an arc tube including a discharge portion of translucent ceramic in which a discharge metal is filled and a pair of electrodes is disposed; small tubular portions coupled to both ends of the discharge portion; feeder bodies inserted into the small tubular portions; and a sealing material sealing the gap between the feeder body and the small tubular portion at the end portion opposite to the discharge portion. The end of the small tubular portions and the inner surface of the discharge portion define a discharge space. The feeder bodies are composed of a conductive cermet and connected to the electrodes. The ends of the feeder bodies extend at least to the ends of the small tubular portions. The temperature of the end of the sealing material on the discharge space side during the lamp operation is not more than 800° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a joined body of a first member made of a metal and a second member made of a ceramic or a cermet. The joined body comprises a joining portion interposed between the first member and the second member for joining the first and second members. The joining portion comprises main phase contacting the first member and an intermediate ceramic layer existing between the second member and the main phase and contacting the second member. The main phase is composed of a porous bone structure, having open pores and is made of a sintered product of metal powder, and a ceramic phase impregnated into the open pores in the porous bone structure. The joined structure has resistance to fatigue and fracture, even when the structure is subjected to repeated thermal cycles between a high temperature, for example 1000° C. or higher, and room temperature.

Abstract: A significant reduction in thermal energy loss along the legs or ends of the arctubes in a CMH lamp is achieved in the present invention. The diameter of a mandrel (36, 40) is significantly reduced for CMH lamps. Either a single overwind (32) or multiple overwind layers (42) are used. Since the thermal conductivity of the mandrel greatly exceeds that of the overwind, the axial thermal conductivity will scale like the cross sectional area of the mandrel alone.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp has a ceramic discharge vessel with two ends (5) which are closed off by sealing means which enclose a capillary tube (11). An electrically conductive lead-through (9) is passed in a vacuum-tight manner through a bore in the capillary tube (11). The capillary tube (11) comprises two sections (20, 21) which are arranged axially one behind the other, the diameter of the bore of the inner section amounting to at most 90% of the diameter of the bore in the outer section.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp having a discharge vessel (1) closed at two ends, the supply lead (15) near the base, and the free end (14) of the associated short supply conductor (4) being covered by a tubular cap (10) whose first end, directed toward the discharge vessel, is open, and whose second end, directed toward the base, is closed.

Abstract: A filament lamp with bases in which the pinch seal areas are not damaged and no adhesive is used is achieved by the base of a filament lamp with bases having, in its front area, a holding part for holding a pinch seal area and a first opening into which an outer lead pin is inserted, and in its rear area, a second opening into which a plate-shaped terminal is inserted. Furthermore, the base has another opening, between the first opening and the second opening, which is used to weld the outer lead pin to plate-shaped terminal in a direction which orthogonally intersects the lengthwise direction of the base and orthogonally intersects the wider crimped foot surface of the pinch seal area. The plate-shaped terminal has a size such that it does not fall out of the second opening of the base. The terminal is welded to the outer lead pin such that its flat surface is parallel to the pinch seal area.

Abstract: A high pressure, lamp may be made in a pressure vessel by using an induction coil to melt an edge portion of a sealing wafer pressed against the circumference of an opening in the body of the lamp envelope. The pressure vessel and the lamp envelope are filled with desired fill materials. Induction heating is carried out by the induction coil and induction receiver that presses against the wafer, the lamp envelope or both to hold the melting piece or pieces in contact. The induction receiver may be fused to the lamp body forming a functional part of the overall lamp structure. The preferred resulting lamp includes a bonded metal piece that can be conveniently used for electrical or mechanical coupling or positioning of the lamp with respect to a base.

Abstract: The electric lamp comprises a lamp vessel (1) and an electric element (4). The electric element (4) is electrically connected to the outside via a current feedthrough that comprises an outer current conductor (7). By a plastic deformation (12) of the outer current conductor (7), e.g. flattening, it is interlocked in the wall (2) of the lamp vessel (1) and the durability of the current feedthrough of the lamp against a mechanical load is improved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing the formation of leachable mercury in mercury arc vapor discharge lamps which comprises coating at least one of the metallic components of the mercury arc vapor discharge lamps with at least one noble metal coating.

Abstract: The formation of leachable mercury upon disposal of a mercury vapor arc discharge lamp is suppressed by fabricating the end caps of the lamp of iron, preferably steel, coated with a nickel-zinc alloy or with tin.

Abstract: An arc tube (6) of discharge lamp comprises a main tube body (11) of translucent ceramic sealed with a terminal plate (13) at both ends thereof. The main tube body (11) comprises integrally a large diameter portion (11A), a tapered portion (11B) which is disposed at both sides of the large diameter portion (11A) and has a smaller diameter toward the forward end thereof, and a small diameter portion (11C) which is connected to the forward end of the tapered portion (11B). In this arrangement, the discharge lamp can be produced more easily than the conventional structure having a narrow portion integrally formed at both ends of a ceramic tube body, making it possible to drastically reduce cost. Further, since a low temperature zone can be only with difficulty formed inside the arc tube during discharge, the luminous efficiency can be raised.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric lamp (2) with a lamp cap (12) suitable for contacting an external electric contact element (28). The lamp cap comprises contacting means (16) comprising a first contact part (18) connected to a second contact part (20) via a spring (24), thus enabling the second contact part (20) to move transversely with respect to the first contact part (18) and/or the lamp cap (12). Optionally, the first contact part (18) is kept in a fixed position with respect to the lamp cap (12) through the spring force of a further spring (22).

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp includes a discharge tube comprising a translucent ceramic discharge portion that defines a discharge space in which a luminous metal is sealed, slender tube portions provided on both ends of the discharge portion, a pair of electrodes provided with coils at the tips thereof, electrode supports that support the electrodes at one end thereof and extend all the way to the ends of the slender tube portions on the side opposite to the discharge space at the other end thereof, and a sealant for sealing the ends of the slender tube portions on the side opposite to the discharge space so as to attach the electrode supports to the inner surfaces of the slender tube portions, in which X>0.0056P+0.394 is satisfied, where P is a lamp power (W) and X is a distance (mm) from the ends of the coils on the side of the slender tube portions to the ends of the slender tube portions on the side of the discharge space.

Abstract: A super-high pressure mercury lamp with an internal pressure during operation of one hundred and some dozen atm, which has a new arrangement in which in the hermetically sealed portions neither damage the lamp nor shortening its operating service life is achieved, in a high pressure mercury lamp in which a silica glass discharge vessel contains a pair of spaced apart, opposed electrodes and which is filled with a rare gas and with mercury in an amount of greater than or equal to 0.16 mg/mm3, and in which the wall load is greater than or equal to 0.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a vessel made of a non-conductive material which forms an inner space filled with an ionizable light-emitting material and a starting gas. The vessel has an opening portion at one end thereof. A tubular member is arranged at the opening portion of the vessel and has an outer diameter which is substantially the same as an inner diameter of the first opening portion. An electrode unit is inserted into the tubular member and has an outer diameter which is smaller than an inner diameter of the tubular member. A stopper is arranged between the tubular member and the electrode unit and has an outer diameter which is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the tubular member. The stopper has a hole into which the electrode unit is inserted. A frit seal is filled in a gap which is formed by the tubular member, the stopper and the electrode unit. The stopper defines an inner end position of the frit seal in the tubular member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal component for discharge lamps, having a support of niobium or tantalum or of alloys based on niobium and/or tantalum, as well as a discharge lamp. The present invention is addressed to the problem of increasing the resistance to oxidation and corrosion of metal components having a support of niobium or tantalum or of alloys based on niobium and/or tantalum which are disposed in or on discharge lamps. The problem is solved according to the invention in that the support has a coating of one or more single layers which is formed of at least one noble metal and/or from a noble metal alloy.

Abstract: An electrode is fixed hermetically to one end of a conductive tube with a titanium solder and the other end of the conductive tube is closed. Thus, the conductive tube has an airtight structure and an argon gas is sealed therein. This conductive tube is fixed hermetically to a transparent alumina tube using a sealer. Further, sodium amalgam is provided at an inner end of the transparent alumina tube. The conductive tube is prevented from being deformed and sodium of a luminescent material is positioned inside the discharge tube, thus providing a high-pressure sodium lamp in which a lighting color and lamp voltage are prevented from varying during the lamp lifetime, the time required for reaching a stable lighting state after turning on the lamp is short, and the variation in lamp voltage is suppressed.

Abstract: An electrode assembly suitable for employment with low-pressure discharge lamps, and especially discharge lamps made from borosilicate glass. The electrode assembly comprises a hollow, stepped electrode holder having a tubular upper portion and a cylindrical lower portion comprising a tapered edge, and an electrode shell fastened to the tubular upper portion of the electrode holder. The electrode assembly may also further comprises a glass ring fused to the tapered edge of cylindrical lower portion of the electrode holder. The electrode assembly is suitable for use with low-pressure discharge lamps comprising glass tubes and low-pressure discharge lamps comprising envelopes having a gas-discharge channel. In a low-pressure discharge lamp, the electrode assembly of the present invention may be used as the discharge source, the evacuation and backfill site, and the seal site.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a ceramic tube having axial ends and forming a closed inner space which is filled with an ionizable light-emitting material and a starting gas. Non-conductive members are inserted into the respective ends of the ceramic tube. A conductive member has one end which protrudes into the inner space of the ceramic tube. The non-conductive member and the conductive member are tightly jointed with each other by a jointing means which includes at least two thermal buffer layers successively stacked between the non-conductive member and the conductive member in the axial direction of the ceramic tube. The non-conductive member, thermal buffer layers and conductive member have respective coefficients of thermal expansion which change gradually from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the non-conductive member to that of the conductive member.

Abstract: The electric lamp comprises a lamp vessel (1) in which an electric element (2) is arranged. The electric element (2) is connected to feedthroughs (3, 4) that extend through the wall of the lamp vessel (1). The respective feedthroughs (3, 4) comprise a metal shell (7) and an internal current conductor (13) connected thereto. The metal shell (7), which has no knife edge, clamps around the neck-shaped end portion (5, 6) of the lamp vessel (1), hence realizing the gastightness of the feedthrough.

Abstract: A lamp base, and mercury vapor discharge lamp including such lamp base, is provided which is fabricated from a material which substantially prevents the formation of leachable mercury in lamp disposal and testing procedures.

Abstract: A cathode-side first sealed portion (14) and an anode-side first sealed portion (15) are respectively provided at the two opposing ends of a discharge space (21) of a discharge casing (11). A middle chamber (16) filled with a rare gas is provided adjacent to the anode-side first sealed portion (15). A second sealed portion (18) is provided adjacent to the middle chamber (16). Each sealed portion (14),(15),(18) is airtightly sealed by the pinch sealing method. A cathode (22) is welded to a metal foil conductor (24) disposed in the cathode-side first sealed portion (14). An anode (23) is welded to a metal foil conductor (32) disposed in the anode-side first sealed portion (15). The metal foil conductor (32) in the anode-side first sealed portion (15) and a metal foil conductor (35) in the second sealed portion (18) are connected to each other by means of a lead wire (33) passing through the middle chamber (16).

Abstract: A method of producing a ceramic-metal-halide (CMH) discharge lamp having a monolithic seal between a sapphire (single crystal alumina) arc tube and a polycrystalline alumina end cap. The method includes the steps of providing an arc tube of fully dense sapphire and providing an end cap made of unsintered compressed polycrystalline alumina powder. The end cap is heated until it is presintered to remove organic binder material at a low temperature relative to the sintering temperature. The presintered end cap is placed on an end portion of the arc tube to form an interface therebetween. The assembled presintered end cap and arc tube are then heated to the sintering temperature wherein the end cap is fully sintered onto the arc tube and the sapphire tube grows into the end cap. A monolithic seal is formed at the previous interface between the end cap and the arc tube as the sapphire tube grows into the polycrystalline alumina end cap.

Abstract: A sealing body (5) of a tube lamp using a functional gradient material in which proceeding from electrically conductive areas into the vicinity of welds on one side tube (2) and in outer leads (6) oxidation is suppressed, and in which the service life of the tube lamp is prolonged. The sealing body (5) of a tube lamp consist of a functional gradient material which is formed by mixing of a dielectric material and an electrically conductive material, the mixing ratios in the longitudinal direction being different continuously or incrementally, and in which one end forms a dielectric area and the other end forms an electrically conductive area, and by at least one part of the external surface of this electrically conductive area and/or at least one part of outer lead (6) projecting from sealing body (5) being jacketed with an atmosphere shielding layer (7).

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp includes a ceramic discharge vessel which encloses a discharge space containing two electrodes and an ionizable filling including a metal halide. The discharge vessel includes a central cylindrical part with an end, and an end part closing the cylindrical part at the end in a gastight manner. The discharge vessel also has a projecting plug connected to the end part in a gastight manner for enclosing a feedthrough conductor. The end part is monolithic and its outside surface includes an angle A with the longitudinal axis of the discharge vessel at the projecting plug, where the angle A is between 30 and 60 degrees. The outside surface of the end part may be shaped like a truncated cone with a base extending radially outward. Alternatively, the end part includes two concentric tubular portions which are interconnected in a gastight manner.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-voltage discharge lamp having an internal volume of 0.05 cc or less that is small yet maintains a desirable lifetime and a high luminous efficiency, a high-voltage discharge lamp device using the lamp, and a lighting apparatus using the lamp. The high-voltage discharge lamp comprises a ceramic discharge vessel that has a spherical, bulging section and a pair of small diameter cylindrical sections. The spherical, bulging section surrounds a discharge space. The small diameter cylindrical sections are connected to the ends of the spherical, bulging section. Electrode-integrated power-supplying conductors are used. Each conductor comprises a seal part and a halide-resistant part. The halide-resistant part having a proximal end connected to the distal end of the seal part. The distal end of the halide-resistant part projects into the spherical, bulging section of the translucent ceramic discharge vessel forming an electrode.

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp has a sintered glass plate (1) through which current conductors (2) and a metal tube (3) extend. An incandescent body (4) is connected to said current conductors (2) aligned with respect to the sintered plate (1). A glass bulb (5) is present over the incandescent body (4), gastight secured to the sintered plate (1) by means of enamel (6). A water getter (20) and a heavy gas at an elevated pressure are present inside the glass bulb (5). The lamp may consume a relatively high power and may be relatively small, but nevertheless has a relatively long life.

Abstract: To close off tubular ends (6a, 6b) of a metal-halide discharge vessel, a plug (11) having at least four, and preferably six or more, axially arranged layers or strata (11a-11d; 21a-21f) of a cermet, in which the metal content of the cermet of the respective layers or strata increases from the layer or stratum closest to the discharge space of the vessel to the outside. The innermost layer or stratum is directly sintered to the ceramic discharge vessel, typically of aluminum oxide, whereas the outermost layer or stratum has a metal content of such an extent that it can be welded, and is welded, to a metallic or cermet lead-through or feed-through (9, 20, 30, 35) leading through a central opening in the respective layers or strata of the plug. The outermost layer of the plug, preferably, has at least 50%, by volume, of metal, preferably of the same material as that of the lead-through in the cermet, and may even be made entirely of metal, to ensure a tight, easily made weld connection.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp in which, in the silica glass which comprises the hermetically sealed portion on the cathode side, fractures originating from the contact area with the cathode are prevented from propagating as in a high pressure discharge lamp of the direct current operating type which has: a discharge vessel of silica glass in which opposite sides an arc tube portion are each joined to a respective hermetically sealed portion; a metal foil is located in each of the hermetically sealed portions; a supply lead is attached in each the hermetically sealed portion with an inner end of the supply lead being connected to a respective one of the metal foils and an outer end projecting outwardly from the discharge vessel; an anode and a cathode are each attached in one of the hermetically sealed portions and have a base which is connected to one of the metal foils and a tip which projects into the arc tube portion; by the outer surface of the cathode-side hermetically sealed portion being surrounded by

Abstract: Sealing body for a discharge lamp which consists of a functional gradient material in which one side is rich in dielectric component and the other side is rich in electrically conductive component, and which is sealed by a side tube which is connected to the arc tube of the discharge lamp and by its areas which are rich in a dielectric component, characterized in that in this sealing body an upholding part of an electrode with a tip provided with an electrode is shrink-fitted, and that furthermore on the outer peripheral surfaces of the areas of the sealing body which are rich in dielectric component, surfaces are formed which run obliquely with respect to the center axis of the above described discharge lamp so that the maximum width of the end face of the sealing body on the side of the emission space becomes smaller than the maximum width in one direction perpendicular to the axis of the sealing body and becomes greater than the diameter of the upholding part of the electrode.

Abstract: A halogen bulb is composed essentially of a tubular halogen bulb having two conductive ends, a thick hollow glass envelope and a socket for holding securely the tubular halogen bulb in the thick hollow glass envelope. The thick glass envelope has a thickness ranging between about 2 mm and about 8 mm, which is made integrally or made of two component parts joined together. The thick hollow glass envelope may be provided with protuberances perpendicular to an outer surface opposite to the socket, and/or ventilation holes to reduce the temperature of the double-enveloped halogen bulb at work. The socket may be provided with one or more ventilation holes at the closed end thereof. A bracket is used inside the thick hollow glass envelope for holding the tubular halogen bulb such that the tubular halogen bulb is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of socket.