Abstract: An electronic device may have a spatial light modulator. Control circuitry in the electronic device may use the spatial light modulator to generate images. A light source may be used to produce illumination for the spatial light modulator. An optical system may direct the illumination onto the spatial light modulator and may direct corresponding reflected image light towards eye boxes for viewing by a user. Head-mounted support structures may be used to support the spatial light modulator, light source, and optical system. The light source may include light-emitting elements such as light-emitting diodes or lasers. Multiple light-emitting elements may be provided in the light source in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array. During operation, the control circuitry can individually adjust the light-emitting elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides electron source devices, electron source assemblies, and/or methods for generating electrons. The generated electrons can be used to facilitate spectroscopy, such as mass spectrometry, including mass selection or ion mobility.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) includes a substrate, a buffer layer and an epitaxial structure. The substrate has a first surface with a patterning structure formed thereon. The patterning structure includes a plurality of projections. The buffer layer is arranged on the first surface of the substrate. The epitaxial structure is arranged on the buffer layer. The epitaxial structure includes a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer arranged on the buffer layer in sequence. The first semiconductor layer has a second surface attached to the active layer. A distance between a peak of each the projections and the second surface of the first semiconductor layer is ranged from 0.5 ?m to 2.5 ?m.

Abstract: A prefocus lens section is formed by a screen electrode and an additional electrode. A main lens section is formed by a focus electrode, an anode electrode and an intermediate electrode that is disposed between the focus electrode and the anode electrode. Each of the focus electrode and the intermediate electrode has a cylindrical electrode on at least one of opposed faces thereof. The intermediate electrode and the anode electrode have cylindrical electrodes on opposed faces thereof. A voltage with a level higher than a focus voltage and lower than an anode voltage is applied to the additional electrode and the intermediate electrode.

Abstract: A prefocus lens section in an electron gun assembly includes a second grid that is disposed on an electron beam generating section side, a third grid that is disposed on a main lens section side, and a shield grid that is disposed between the second grid and the third grid. The shield grid is a cup-shaped electrode with a side wall that surrounds an outer peripheral part of the third grid, which part is located on the second grid side, and extends in parallel to a tube axis. The shield grid has a bottom surface disposed to face the second grid and has an open end disposed to face the third grid. A relationship, Ec<Vf<Er, is established, where Ec is a potential applied to the second grid, Vf is a potential applied to the shield grid, and Er is a potential applied to the third grid.

Abstract: A CRT apparatus is composed of a CRT, a deflection yoke, a velocity modulation coil, and a magnetic member. The CRT includes a glass bulb made up of a panel and a funnel connected together and an electron gun housed within the glass bulb, and emits an electron beam from the electron gun toward a phosphor screen formed on an inner surface of the panel. The deflection yoke includes a horizontal deflection coil and a vertical deflection coil, and scans the electron beam over the phosphor screen. The velocity modulation coil is arranged outside the CRT, and modulates a velocity at which the electron beam is scanned horizontally. The magnetic member is arranged to surround an outer circumference of the CRT with the velocity modulation coil positioned therebetween, so as to cover a position corresponding to a space between axially aligned electrodes of the electron gun.

Abstract: An electron gun for a cathode ray tube includes at least one auxiliary quadruple lens forming unit adapted to control an electron beam diverging in the vertical direction and focused in the horizontal direction by a plurality of focus electrodes, at least one first quadruple lens forming unit adapted to control the electron beam passing through the auxiliary quadruple lens focused in the vertical direction and diverging in the horizontal direction, and at least one second quadruple forming unit adapted to control the electron beam passing through the first quadruple lens diverging in the vertical direction and focused in the horizontal direction, installed between the screen electrode of a triode portion and a final acceleration electrode of the cathode ray tube and sequentially arranged in a direction from a screen electrode to a screen of the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a field emission device that emits an electron beam bundle whose spot profile on a display screen has as little distortion as possible, and that maintains a stable electron emission property regardless of the length of a driving time, a CRT apparatus equipped with such field emission device, and a production method of such CRT apparatus. The field emission device (10) has, on a surface of a substrate (11), a plurality of cathode electrodes (12) parallel to each other, an insulation layer (13), and a plurality of extraction electrodes (14) parallel to each other, in the stated order, the cathode electrodes (12) and the extraction electrodes (14) being orthogonal to each other and so yielding a plurality of crossover regions. At the crossover regions, electron emission zones (15) each made up of four emitters (16) are formed.

Abstract: A field emission electron source includes: a field emission array portion composed of an insulation layer with a plurality of apertures, which is formed on a substrate, an extraction electrode formed on the insulation layer, and a plurality of cathodes formed respectively on the substrate in the plurality of apertures; a cathode base for fixing the field emission array portion; and an electron lens portion composed of a plurality of electrode members having a function of accelerating and converging an electron beam emitted from the field emission array portion. An emission axis of the electron beam emitted from the field emission array portion has a predetermined angle with respect to an optical axis of the electron lens portion. Thus, the field emission array portion can be protected from impact caused by ions generated in the electron lens portion, thereby improving the life of a field emission electron source.

Abstract: Sensitivity of a velocity modulation device is increased and noise such as a leakage magnetic field and a leakage electric field from the device are reduced to thereby lower power consumed by the device. A cathode ray tube device and a television set each include a velocity modulation device on a cathode side of a deflection yoke. All or part of the circumference of a velocity modulation coil to modulate scan beam velocity is covered with material having an initial permeability of at least 10 at 2 MHz.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-resolution color picture tube device with a decreased beam spot diameter. The color picture tube device has an electron gun including cathodes, a control electrode, an accelerating electrode, a G3 electrode, a first focusing electrode, a second focusing electrode, and a final accelerating electrode that are arranged in this order. A voltage applied to the G3 electrode is obtained by dividing with a resistor a voltage applied to the final accelerating electrode, and when an electron beam is a non-deflection state, a relationship represented as Va>Vg3>Vfoc2 is satisfied where Va, Vg3, and Vfoc2 denote voltages respectively applied to the final accelerating electrode, the G3 electrode and the second focusing electrode. Thereby, the G3 electrode is applied with a high voltage independently for forming a prefocus lens.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube having an electron gun including an electron beam generating portion arrayed in a horizontal direction for generating three electron beams, and a main lens for focusing the three electron beams from the electron beam generating portion upon a fluorescent face. A final stage of the main lens is formed between a focusing electrode and an accelerating electrode. The focusing electrode is divided into at least two focusing electrode parts. A quadrupole electron lens is formed for each of the electron beams between a first focusing electrode part and a second focusing electrode part, and the strength of the quadrupole electron lens for the central electron beam is different from the strength of the quadrupole electron lens for the side electron beams.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a color image display device having an auxiliary means for compensating brightness simply and inexpensively, by using an electron gun of a cathode ray tube.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube comprising an electron source and an electron beam guidance cavity having an input aperture and an output aperture, wherein at least a part of the wall of the electron beam guidance cavity near the output aperture comprises an insulating material having a secondary emission coefficient &dgr;1 for cooperation with the cathode. Furthermore, the cathode ray tube comprises a first electrode connectable to a first voltage source for applying, in operation, an electric field with a first field strength E1 between the cathode and the output aperture. &dgr;1 and E1 have values which enable electron transport through the electron beam guidance cavity. A second electrode is placed between the cathode and the cavity. The second electrode is connected to a second voltage source for applying, in operation, an electric field with a second field strength E2 between the cathode and the second electrode for controlling the emission of electrons.

Abstract: A main lens includes a second segment, a sixth grid and an additional electrode disposed between the second segment and the sixth grid. A first-level constant voltage and a second-level constant voltage are applied to the second segment and sixth grid, respectively. A third-level voltage, which is at a level between the first level and the second level, is applied to the additional electrode. In accordance with the increase in a deflection amount of an electric beam, the third-level voltage varies as a value expressed by ((voltage to the additional electrode)−(voltage to the second segment))/((voltage to the sixth grid)−(voltage to the second segment)). An auxiliary lens having lenses including a third grid and a first segment has a focusing power decreasing in accordance with an increase in the deflection amount of the electron beam.

Abstract: A color cathode-ray tube apparatus comprises an electron gun structure having a plurality of electrodes for constituting a plurality of electron lenses including a main lens for focusing an electron beam on a phosphor screen, and a deflection yoke for producing deflection magnetic fields for deflecting the electron beam emitted from the electron gun structure in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. An electron beam passage hole formed in at least one of the electrodes constituting the main lens has a waist portion substantially acting on formation of the electron lenses. The waist portion minimizes a horizontal dimension of a region where the electron beam passes.

Abstract: A 90 percent electron gun aperture astigmatism is used in conjunction with a four-pole electromagnet to make a CRT electron beam just focus point and minimum beam width occur closer to the same focus voltage. A single grid may have the 90 percent astigmatism, or astigmatisms in two or more grids may combine to produce an effective 90 percent astigmatism. A four-pole electromagnet is positioned around the focusing grid and current driving the electromagnet is varied with beam position during normal operation.

Abstract: Electron gun in a color CRT including a controlling electrode and an accelerating electrode each having a distance S0 between a central electron beam pass through hole and an outer electron beam pass through hole for passing electron beams emitted from cathodes, a pre-focusing electrode having a distance S1 between a central electron beam pass through hole and an outer electron beam pass through hole, a focusing electrode and an anode each having a rim at an opposite part for forming single electron beam pass through hole and an electrostatic field controlling body inside of the rim, for forming a large sized main focusing electrostatic lens by a potential difference, and diverging means for diverging the outer electron beams incident on the focusing electrode from the pre-focusing electrode outwardly with respect to the central electron beam, wherein a ratio WS/H of a sum WS of a horizontal diameter of the central electron beam pass through hole of the electrostatic field controlling body and a minimum width

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a CRT, the CRT including an electron gun having a cathode, a G1 electrode, a G2 electrode, and a G3 electrode disposed in that order to draw electrons from the cathode. The electron gun further has a modulating Gm electrode disposed between the G2 and G3 electrodes. The display apparatus is provided with a controller for controlling a value of a voltage applied to the Gm electrode to adjust brightness of a picture on a screen of the CRT.

Abstract: A method and a apparatus are provided for operating an E-beam system including an E-beam source for generating an E-beam directed along a column axis and an electrode aligned with the column axis direct the E-beam towards means for measuring the E-beam. A signal proportional to leakage current emitted from the E-beam is generated. When the result of a comparison with a desired value is excessive, an excess leakage signal is generated. The excess leakage signal can be provided as an emergency output signal and/or produce an OFF signal for stopping production of the E-beam by turning OFF voltage/power sources for producing the E-beam in response to the excess leakage signal. Preferably, a filament is heated by an electric current and a cathode is bombarded with electrons from the filament to produce the E-beam. Then a filament control signal is employed for controlling the filament heating current.

Abstract: A solid dielectric material is installed between the second focus electrode and third focus electrode in a one-pin dynamic electron gun assembly in order to increase capacitance between the two electrodes. The increased capacitance between the two electrodes reduces the voltage Vg between the two electrodes and increases the effective voltage Vd (eff) between the third focus electrode and the fourth focus electrode since Vd=Vg+Vd (eff).

Abstract: The thickness of a face panel is greater at a peripheral edge portion than at a center portion. At the inner surface of the face panel, a curvature radius in a short axis direction on a long axis is set to decrease from the center of the face panel toward a long axis end and, with L representing a distance from the center of the face panel to the long axis end, has a minimal value at a position spaced from the center of the face panel more toward the long axis end than L/2. A phosphor screen on the face panel has phosphor layers and non-emitting black layers and a percentage of the non-emitting black layers per unit area at least in the neighborhood of a diagonal axis end of the face panel is equal to or smaller than that at the center portion of the face panel.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube includes an evacuated envelope having a panel portion having a phosphor screen, a neck portion and a funnel portion connecting the panel portion and the neck portion; an electron gun housed in the neck portion having a cathode, a first grid electrode, a second grid electrode, plural focus electrodes and an anode arranged in the order named and fixed in predetermined axially spaced relationship by two glass beads; a voltage-dividing resistor attached to one of the two glass beads for producing an intermediate voltage to be applied to a first one of the plural focus electrodes adjacent to the anode by dividing a voltage applied to the anode; and a metal conductor facing and attached to a second one of the plural focus electrodes to surround the voltage-dividing resistor and the one of the two glass beads, the second one of the plural focus electrodes being disposed upstream of the first one of the plural focus electrodes.

Abstract: An electron gun assembly of a cathode ray tube has a main electron lens section comprising at least four electrodes, provided in a sequence of first, second, third and fourth grids, a middle first voltage is applied to the first grid, and an anode voltage is applied to the fourth grid. The adjacent second grid and third grid are connected by a resistor, and second and third voltages of substantially the same potential, corresponding to voltages higher than the middle first voltage and lower than the anode voltage, are applied thereto. An asymmetrical lens is provided between the adjacent second grid and the third grid second lens region, and a voltage which changes in synchronism with the deflecting magnetic field is applied to the first grid.

Abstract: A method of mounting a signal outputting electrode for outputting an electric signal generated in an envelope of a cathode ray tube to the outside without being adversely influenced by a getter. A signal outputting electrode is mounted in an area which is not covered with an internal conductive film in a state where the periphery of the electrode is apart from an inner wall of a funnel via an intermediate member. When a getter is introduced into the tube in the state where the signal outputting electrode is mounted, the getter is prevented from reaching the intermediate member. It therefore prevents conduction between the signal outputting electrode and the inner conductive film.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube having an electron gun including an electron beam generating portion arrayed in a horizontal direction for generating three electron beams, and a main lens for focusing the three electron beams from the electron beam generating portion upon a fluorescent face. A final stage of the main lens is formed between a focusing electrode and an accelerating electrode. The focusing electrode is divided into at least two focusing electrode parts. A quadrupole electron lens is formed for each of the electron beams between a first focusing electrode part and a second focusing electrode part, and the strength of the quadrupole electron lens for the central electron beam is different from the strength of the quadrupole electron lens for the side electron beams.

Abstract: A color display device (19) is disclosed with an improved focus performance. In present-day color display tubes with DAF, the electron gun is provided with a second focusing electrode (25) driven with a dynamic voltage which is varied synchronously with the deflection field. The dynamic quadrupole lens formed between the first focusing electrode (23) and the second focusing electrode (25) is designed in such a way that the horizontal lens action, which arises when the voltage on the second focusing electrode is increased, should be compensated by the main lens which becomes weaker when the voltage on the second focusing electrode (25) is increased. In practice, it is not possible to achieve this in the required range of the dynamic voltage on the second focusing electrode (25), leading to a deterioration of the focus performance of the color display device (19). This problem is solved by the present invention.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube has G1-G5 electrodes and an anode. The G5 electrode is divided into sub-electrodes supplied alternately with a first fixed focus voltage and a second focus voltage which is a second fixed voltage superposed with a dynamic voltage, at least one electrostatic quadrupole lens is formed between adjacent ones of the sub-electrodes, and two of the sub-electrodes are supplied with the second focus voltage. The following inequalities are satisfied: 0.0625×L (mm)≦B−20A/(3&phgr;)≦22.0 mm, L (mm)≦352 mm, where A is an axial length of the G4 electrode, &phgr; (mm) is an average diameter of a center aperture in the G4 electrode, B (mm) is a length from a cathode side end to a phosphor screen side end of said G5 electrode to the phosphor screen.

Abstract: Frame assembly in a flat cathode ray tube, the flat cathode ray tube including a panel glass 1 having a fluorescent material coated on an inside surface, a funnel glass 2 fixed to rear of the panel glass 1 having a neck portion formed as one unit with an electron gun sealed therein for emission of electron beams 6 toward the fluorescent material, a deflection yoke 5 fitted on an outer circumference of the neck portion for deflection of the electron beams 6 emitted from the electron gun, a shadow mask 3 fitted to an inside surface of the panel glass 1 having a plurality of apertures for selecting colors, and a frame assembly 7 having a main frame 7a fitted to the shadow mask 3 and a subframe 7b connecting both ends of the main frame 7a, wherein a ratio of second moment of inertia (Ixx/Izz) of the subframe 7b is designed to be within 0.5˜2.7 for avoiding a resonance between the frame assembly 7 and the shadow mask 3, thereby preventing occurrence of howling, effectively.