Abstract: The present invention relates to a linear traversing carriage for use in the papermaking industry and the like, which incorporates an air gap inductive motivator and eliminates all mechanical devices between the electrical power supply and the traversing mechanism. Specifically, the present invention relates to a linear traversing device comprising an inductor type linear motor comprising an electrical stator winding, a conductive platen extending over an entire traverse length of the device, a ferromagnetic material affixed to said conductive platen, a support means for supporting the device and maintaining an air-gap between the stator winding and the conductive platen, a user selected feed forward velocity map for driving the device, a controller that controls a movement of the device according to the user selected feed forward velocity map.

Abstract: A device for driving a magnetic levitation train has at least one controllable power supply unit that feeds at least one multi-phase power supply line, and a long stator with stator windings that extend in switching sections of the long stator. Each switching section can be connected to at least one of the power supply lines via an assigned section feed switch and each stator winding has at least one assigned current sensor for detecting a current and at least one assigned evaluation unit connected to the sensor. In order to permit a simple, precise overcurrent protection, each current sensor is configured to detect the current in one phase of each assigned stator winding and the evaluation unit is configured to deactivate the section feed switch, if the current detected in each case exceeds a previously defined threshold value.

Abstract: A driving controlling apparatus of a linear compressor and a method thereof are disclosed, in which a stroke is variably controlled at the time of a compression processing and a suction processing thus to prevent a consumption power decrease and a refrigerating capacity deficiency phenomenon and to enhance a reliability (v.u). A driving controlling method of a linear compressor, wherein a firing angle is respectively applied at the time of a compression processing and a suction processing according to a load state.

Abstract: A linear drive apparatus comprising: a guide having an internal body; a slider moved along the guide, a driving mechanism for generating a driving force by magnetic interaction of the slider with the guide so as to linearly drive the slider; and a magnetic measurement unit having a magnetic scale and a detector which are opposed to each other and change a relative position relative to each other in order to obtain the relative position of the slider relative to the guide, wherein an opposing direction of the magnetic scale and the detector is the direction of the outer circumference of the guide, and the detector detects a signal from the magnetic scale in accordance with the relative position of the slider, whereby the relative position of the slider is obtained.

Abstract: A method of controlling a moving part of a voice coil motor to move from an first position to a second position, wherein the position of the moving part is controlled by the level of an electrical signal applied to a coil of the voice coil motor, a first level of the electrical signal corresponding to the first position, and a second level of the electrical signal corresponding to the second position, the method including: at a first time, changing the electrical signal from the first level to an intermediate level, the intermediate level being chosen such that a peak overshoot of the moving part corresponds to the second position; and at a second time calculated to correspond to a delay of half an oscillation period of the moving part after the first time, changing the electrical signal to the second level.

Abstract: A linear motor includes a primary part arranged as a guideway stator and at least one secondary part that is movable with respect to the primary part, the at least one secondary part having device(s) for controlling the generation of a magnetic field, causing its motion, in the primary part. It is possible to avoid costly control devices for the application of current to the stator.

Abstract: A system to control the fixed mass/spring mechanical resonance of the motor in conjunction with a model of the motor that estimates the present position and allows the determination of the motor stator voltage pattern which will produce the requested output force. This approach effectively eliminates the electrical restoring force from the motor dynamics and minimizes the problems associated with the varying resonant frequency of the motor.

Abstract: A common electrode plate formed on a common electrode base attached to the lower surface of the movable stage faces a split electrode plate formed on a split electrode base attached to the upper surface of a main base, which are apart from each other at a predetermined interval. A support mechanism formed of ball bearings, ball stoppers at the movable side, steel balls, ball stoppers at the fixed side, and ball bearings allows the movable stage to move in directions of the X-axis, Y-axis and turning. A linear actuator 19 is driven to move the movable stage in the directions of X-axis, Y-axis, and turning.

Abstract: A first member has a magnet assembly that includes at least one permanent magnet pair, and a second member includes an electromagnetic coil. A control circuit controls the supply of power to the electromagnetic coil as well as regeneration of power from the electromagnetic coil. The permanent magnet pair generates its strongest magnetic field along a magnetic field direction on homopolar contact planes where first magnetic poles contact one another, outward from the center of the permanent magnet pair along the magnetic field direction. The electromagnetic coil is positioned such that current will flow in a direction intersecting the magnetic field direction.

Abstract: A motor driving circuit for controlling a current amount flowing through a motor coil includes: a comparator configured to output a comparison signal indicating a comparison result between a set current amount and a current amount based on an inputted set current signal according to the set current amount and a current signal according to the current amount flowing through the motor coil; a current control signal update circuit configured to update a current control signal for controlling the current amount flowing through the motor coil in a stepwise manner so that the current amount flowing through the motor coil is changed to the set current amount in a stepwise manner, based on the comparison signal outputted from the comparator; and a driving circuit configured to drive the motor coil based on the current control signal outputted from the current control signal update circuit.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a linear drive for sliding doors or the like, particularly linear drives based on linear motors. A linear drive, according to the invention, for at least one part which is movable along a movement path, particularly a sliding door leaf, has at least one linear motor for the at least one part. A stator part of the linear motor is received in a receiving profile so as to be prevented from falling out. The receiving profile is constructed to be arranged at a fastening device, which is arranged in turn on the installation side of a wall portion or top portion. Accordingly, the stator part and receiving profile form a module or unit, which can be mounted in its entirety. Therefore, a person performing the mounting can use the receiving profile for mounting, which helps to reduce the risk of damaging the stator part, for example.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable reluctance actuator system and method that can be adapted for simultaneous rotation and translation of a moving element by applying a normal-direction magnetic flux on the moving element. In a beneficial example arrangement, the moving element includes a swing arm that carries a cutting tool at a set radius from an axis of rotation so as to produce a rotary fast tool servo that provides a tool motion in a direction substantially parallel to the surface-normal of a workpiece at the point of contact between the cutting tool and workpiece. An actuator rotates a swing arm such that a cutting tool moves toward and away from a mounted rotating workpiece in a controlled manner in order to machine the workpiece. Position sensors provide rotation and displacement information for a swing arm to a control system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a planar direct drive unit comprising a passive unit (1), an active unit (3), a bearing unit, and a position measuring system that is provided with a material measure and a measuring sensor which scans the material measure and supplies a position signal. The inventive positioning measuring system encompasses a moved component (7) and a quasi stationary component (8), one of which is formed by the material measure while the other one is formed by the measuring sensor. Both components are disposed outside the bearing gap (4) and at a distance from the running surface (2).

Abstract: A controlled motion system with movers mounted on a hybrid track system comprised of at least one smart section and at least one dumb section. The smart sections control each mover independently, while the dumb sections drive all movers at the same speed. The transition between these sections is characterized by positive control of the movers at all points in the transition. A soft magnetic composite core for the smart sections is disclosed. Also, a single-sided mover for smart sections that is constrained against loads in all direction, except for the direction of motion, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for is provided actuating at least one electromagnetic valve containing at least one coil, which can be excited by an excitation current, and an armature, in which the excitation current can be set such that, in response to a signal for actuating the armature from one position into another position, it causes the actuator to move as a result of an excitation current threshold being exceeded, and is kept at a value which is lower by comparison in order to hold the armature in a specific position. The excitation current, which is greater than zero but below the excitation current threshold, is applied at least temporarily to the electromagnetic valve even if no signal for actuating or for holding the armature is present.

Abstract: A linear actuator is provided with an integral permanent magnet, brushless motor capable of axial, self adjustment of the rotor position within the stator for field weakening. Axial displacement of the rotor within the stator allows for significantly improved speed performance from aligned rotor/stator components during light axial loading. Upon contact with a load, the screw and nut, as an integral part of the motor rotor, self align to fully engage within the stator for generation of high forces with minimal current. This axial shift can further be used as a high precision, low cost measure of the force applied for quality assurance purposes.

Abstract: A mobile electronic apparatus includes a storage device for storing electrical energy and a rotating mechanism configured to energize the apparatus. The rotating mechanism includes a motor, a shaft connected to the motor, and a mass eccentrically attached to the shaft, where the motor is configured to rotate the shaft and the mass to cause the mobile electronic apparatus to vibrate when activated, where motion of the mobile electronic apparatus is configured to cause the mass and the shaft to rotate with respect to the motor, and where rotation of the shaft with respect to the motor is converted into electrical energy. The apparatus also includes circuitry for harvesting the electrical energy and for recharging the storage device with the harvested electrical energy.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a two-stage linear compressor having a first piston disposed in a first cylinder and a second piston disposed in a second cylinder. The linear compressor is operable in an economizer cycle wherein the first piston operates as a first stage of the economizer cycle and the second piston operates as a second stage of the economizer cycle. A controller is coupled to the linear compressor to control a volume flow ratio of the linear compressor. The controller stores a plurality of coefficients of performance for a range of particular operating conditions of the linear compressor and each coefficient of performance corresponds to a desired volume flow ratio and a desired secondary evaporating temperature.

Abstract: A drive, a method of operating the drive and an elevator operated by the drive for the movement of persons or goods by at least one car utilize a linear motor. The drive includes at least one linear motor with a secondary part positioned between a first primary part and a second primary part. The drive also includes at least one compensation device that acts by a compensating normal force against an attractive normal force between each of the primary parts and the secondary part.

Abstract: A machine tool is provided that has a linear drive by means of which a movement unit connected in motion with a functional unit is movable in two axis directions of a movement plane. The linear drive includes two drive units. The primary parts or the secondary parts of the two drive units are attached to the movement unit. The primary part or the secondary part of the one drive unit is disposed in that case on that side of the movement unit which, perpendicularly to the movement plane of the movement unit, is opposite the side of the movement unit provided with the primary part or the secondary part of the other drive unit.

Abstract: The invention provides for a power steering assembly and method of actuation for assisting a driver in moving the steerable wheels of a vehicle. The power steering assembly includes a housing that defines a chamber. A steering rod is disposed in the chamber and is longitudinally moveable within the chamber. A shoulder is fixed to the steering rod and has opposing sides. A shaft is supported by the housing and engages the steering rod translating the rotational movement of the shaft into a longitudinal movement of the steering rod. A first actuator and second actuator are disposed in the chamber on opposing sides of the shoulder. The first and second actuators each have an excitable material that is controlled in a series of actuations to advance the actuators in a linear movement for pushing against the shoulder to move the steering rod longitudinally within the chamber.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electric motor includes providing an electric motor having a plurality of magnetically driven oscillatory elements having differing oscillatory characteristics, and an electromagnet having a coil arranged to drive all of the oscillatory elements. The method includes supplying an electric signal to the electromagnet, which creates a magnetic field that drives the oscillatory elements. The method also includes varying a frequency of the electric signal for individual control of oscillatory movements of the oscillatory elements.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system to condition a radiation beam. A patterning support holds a patterning device that imparts the radiation beam with a pattern to form a patterned radiation beam. A substrate support holds a substrate. A projection system projects the patterned radiation beam onto the substrate. A positioning system positions the patterning support and the substrate support. The positioning system has a motor with a stator and a mover coupled to a support, and an associated motor control system with a controller providing an output for controlling currents applied to the motor. The motor control system determines a controller output required to compensate for a weight of mover and associated support, determines a deviation of this output from an output required to compensate the gravity force acting on the mover and associated support, and corrects the currents applied to the motor based on the deviation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for controlling operation of a reciprocating compressor. The operating efficiency of the compressor can be improved by performing the steps of: detecting a current and a stroke applied a compressor; a calculating a mechanical resonance frequency by using the detected current and stroke; and determining an operating frequency command value by adding or subtracting the present operating frequency so as to be within a predetermined range of the calculated mechanical resonance frequency and then driving the compressor by the operating frequency command value.

Abstract: A shaft type linear motor including a stator in which plural hollow cylindrical coils are disposed so that the center through holes thereof are arranged linearly so as to form a shaft insertion hole; a driving shaft including permanent magnets, the same magnetic poles, the north or south magnetic poles, being disposed in the axial direction so as to be opposed to each other, and movably inserted into the stator; sensor units disposed in the axial direction of the stator so as to have a predetermined clearance therebetween and equipped with plural magnetic pole detection sensors that detect the magnetic field intensities of the permanent magnets and output magnetic field intensity signals; and a detection section for receiving the magnetic field intensity signals output from the magnetic pole detection sensors and for detecting the position of the driving shaft on the basis of the plural magnetic field intensity signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed to control an operation of a reciprocating compressor capable of precisely controlling an operation (stroke) of a reciprocating compressor regardless of a parameter of an internal motor of the reciprocating compressor and a mechanical error of the reciprocating compressor. The apparatus for controlling an operation of a reciprocating compressor which determines a stroke estimate value corresponding to a point when a discharge valve of the reciprocating compressor is opened as a stroke reference value, and controls a voltage applied to the reciprocating compressor according to the determined stroke reference value.

Abstract: A wireless encoder system facilitates operation and control of a motor, such as linear motor. The system includes an encoder sensor moveable with a first part of the motor. The encoder sensor is operative to sense movement of the first part relative the second part and provide an encoder signal having an electrical characteristic indicative of the sensed movement. A transmitter, which is associated with the encoder sensor, is operative to transmit a wireless transmitter signal based on the encoder signal. A remote receiver that receives the wireless transmitter signal thus may determine position and/or movement of the first part of the motor relative to a second part of the motor.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling operations of a reciprocating compressor are disclosed. The apparatus includes a compressor control factor detecting unit for detecting a compressor control factor to detect a stroke value corresponding to a point where TDC (Top Dead Center)?0 on the basis of a stroke estimate value of a reciprocating compressor and values of a current and a voltage applied to a motor of the reciprocating compressor; a stroke reference value determining unit for determining a stroke reference value on the basis of the detected compressor control factor; and a controller for varying a voltage applied to the reciprocating compressor according to the determined stroke reference value.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for controlling a linear stage a pallet is described herein. In one aspect, a conveyor system includes a conveyor pallet that includes a first mobile magnetic component and a second mobile magnetic component. A first stationary magnetic component can magnetically engage the first mobile magnetic component. A second stationary magnetic component can magnetically engage the second mobile magnetic component. A first controller can activate a first magnetic displacement between the first stationary magnetic component and the first mobile magnetic component when the conveyor pallet is in a first range of positions. A second controller can activate a second magnetic displacement between the second stationary magnetic component and the second mobile magnetic component when the conveyor pallet is in a second range of positions.

Abstract: A block switch controller for a linear motor is disclosed, the block switch controller having a motor current threshold profile controlling the switching of a plurality of block switches in a linear motor. Also, a block switch controller for a linear motor comprising a closed loop vector current controller that incorporates a delay state having a feedback gain is disclosed. Additionally, a method of switching a plurality of block switches that minimizes switching transients is provided. Finally, an article of manufacture containing computer code implementing a modeling and simulation program for modeling a linear motor system is provided.

Abstract: In a method for controlling a positioning device, the positioning device has a stator and mover, the mover being movable relative to the stator; a position sensor configured to generate a position signal indicative of a position of the mover relative to the stator; a controller configured to receive the position signal, compare it to a setpoint signal to obtain an error signal, and generate a mover control signal on the basis of a signal component of the position signal, the controller having a variable gain. The positioning device, including the position sensor and the controller, defines a control loop. For error signals having a magnitude in a predefined range, the gain is selectively set to a value higher than a value for error signals having a magnitude outside the range.

Abstract: A method and system for a control scheme for linear induction machines. The control scheme includes a maximum energy conversion ratio and a maximum acceleration and deceleration for linear induction machines.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a high-current high-resolution driving circuit comprising a controller, a digital-to-analog converter and a voltage-to-current converter. The controller is provided for receiving a control signal for operating a load and outputting a digital signal corresponding to the control signal. The digital-to-analog converter is provided for generating an analog voltage signal corresponding to the digital signal. The voltage-to-current converter is provided for generating a current signal corresponding to the analog voltage signal and transmitting the current signal to the load in order to drive the load.

Abstract: An improved linear motor which compensates for manufacturing or assembly errors in the positioning of the magnetic field detectors. The linear motor synthesises a correction signal which can be simply combined (for example added) to the output of one of the magnetic field detectors so as to ensure that the magnetic field detector outputs have the correct phase relationship. This in turn ensures that accurate positioning of the rotor relative to the stator can be achieved. In a preferred embodiment, a deliberate error is introduced into the positioning of the magnetic field detectors and this error, plus any error due to manufacturing or assembly tolerances, is corrected using the correction signal. This allows a simplified correction circuit which only corrects for phase offset errors in one direction to be used.

Abstract: A linear actuator system can move a probe along a substantially linear path. The linear actuator system can have a housing with a magnet mounted in the housing creating a magnetic field. An electric coil piston can be slidably mounted in the housing. The coil piston can have a coil for carrying a current and can be disposed for translational movement within the magnetic field in response to current flow through the coil. The probe can be attached to the coil for translational movement with the coil. In addition, a pneumatic cylinder can be connected to the piston configured to apply a force to the piston in response to an activation of the pneumatic cylinder. Accordingly, the linear actuator system can combine the beneficial compact force capability of pneumatic cylinders with the programmable control features of linear electric motors, which can result in highly repeatable, high-force linear actuator systems.

Abstract: A control unit of a motor driver performs feedback control to supply current to a linear motor based on a detection value of a linear encoder. An anomaly detection unit monitors the supply current to the linear motor, and the anomaly detection unit detects anomaly of a linear motion apparatus based on a waveform of the supply current. In the case where the anomaly is detected, a user is notified of warning by means of a lamp, a buzzer, an e-mail, and the like. Therefore, the anomaly of the linear motion apparatus can be detected early and accurately.

Abstract: A linear compressor and apparatus to control the linear compressor are provided which allows a frequency of a drive current supplied to a drive motor to synchronize with a resonance frequency varying according to a load fluctuation, in real time, thus obtaining a maximum efficiency of the linear compressor. The linear compressor includes a drive motor, a piston reciprocating by the drive motor and a control unit generating a reference current having a phase difference of 90° with respect to a displacement waveform of the piston and a frequency equal to the displacement waveform of the piston, and controls a drive current supplied to the drive motor to synchronize with a resonance frequency of the piston by synchronizing the drive current with the reference current.

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to a control method for controlling a stage apparatus including a base and a stage, the base including first and second coil phases, the stage including a plurality of magnets. The control method includes a first energization step of rotating the stage to a stable angle by contemporaneously energizing a plurality of coils comprising the first coil phase and a second energization step of rotating the stage to a stable angle by sequentially energizing coils comprising the second coil phase one by one.

Abstract: A magnet arrangement (1) for magnetic levitation vehicles is described that is comprised of an electromagnet having a plurality of magnet poles, said magnet poles having cores connected via pole backs (4) and coils (5) coiled onto them, said coils being connected to each other inside and outside in alternating succession. Moreover, said magnet arrangement (1) is comprised of a means (30) for the reduction of resonance oscillations occurring in said coils (5), wherein the pole backs (4) are essential constituents of said means according to the present invention (FIG. 5).

Abstract: A linear compressor having a reciprocating piston, a linear motor driving the piston, and a motor controller to vary magnitude of a stroke of the piston according to power, including: a near-collision detector detecting whether the piston passes a near-collision position spaced from a top dead center according to a predetermined high power with a predetermined high power distance; and a collision return time calculator calculating a near-collision position return time taking for the piston to return to the near-collision position on a basis of the detection of the near-collision detector according to compression and expansion cycles, and wherein the motor controller decreases a driving force of the linear motor if the near-collision position return time is greater than a predetermined allowance time per power, and increases the driving force of the linear motor if the near-collision position return time is less than the predetermined allowance time per power.

Abstract: A trailer jack system includes an electric linear actuator having an electric motor, a source of electric power, and a controller that supplies a first voltage to the electric motor when the electric linear actuator is loaded and a second voltage to the electric motor when the electric linear actuator is unloaded. The electric linear actuator also includes a cylindrically shaped housing, a leg coaxially extending and retracting from the housing, and a support foot at a free end of the leg. The controller supplies the first voltage to the electric motor when a motor current of the electric motor is below a predetermined threshold value and supplies the second voltage to the electric motor when the motor current is above the predetermined threshold value. Preferably, the first voltage is about 24 volts and the second voltage is about 12 volts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring apparatus comprising a sensing head (15) for determining the position of a primary part (27) on a secondary part. The sensing head (15) is fixedly connected to a primary part (27) or is integrated therein while the primary part (27) and the secondary part form a linear motor (30). Furthermore, the secondary part is embodied as a rack (16) which is provided at least with ferromagnetic material and preferably equidistant teeth (18) in a preferred direction (13), said teeth (18) containing at least ferromagnetic material. The sensing head (15) can be moved in the preferred direction (13) and opposite thereto. An air gap is located between the sensing head (15) and the rack (16) while the sensing head (15) is equipped with at least one sensor (1-12, 19, 31), by means of which magnetic fields can be measured in order to determine a position.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for driving one or more force coils. A system for driving force coils is provided including a PWM drive coupled to a first coil and a linear drive coupled to a second coil. The PWM drive efficiently drives the first coil to apply a first force. The linear drive drives the second coil to apply a second force that is substantially noise-free. The first force is greater than the second force.

Abstract: There is provided a cylinder-type linear motor capable of shortening the total motor length with respect to a predetermined stroke length S and capable of being operated without sensor means for sensing the position of a moving part being added in the axial direction. The cylinder-type linear motor includes a fixed part 20 having a coil assembly 28 formed by a plurality of (n number of) ring-shaped coils 22 . . . 27 arranged in the axial direction and a yoke member 21 made of a magnetic material, and a moving part 10 having a linear motion shaft 11 provided on the axis line of the fixed part 20 and a permanent magnet assembly 15 having one or more permanent magnets magnetized in the axial direction. A stroke S is equal to or smaller than (n×C?M), the axial length Y of the yoke member is set equal to or larger than (M+S+0.8×D), and the ring-shaped coils 22 . . . 27 are arranged in a predetermined phase order and the ring-shaped coils of the same phase are connected to each other to form one phase winding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the control of an electric machine (5), wherein a control unit (1) comprises a parameterisable speed control (26) and a parameterisable additional control (28). The electric machine (5) is provided in order to modify the position of a displaceable machine part (7,8). The position (29) of the displaceable machine part (7,8) is detected and at least one parameter (31) of the speed control (26) and/or at least one parameter (33) of the additional control (28) is modified according to the position (29) of the displaceable machine part (7,8).

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a linear electromagnetic actuator which has a series of ferromagnetic poles, coils, and a series of permanent magnets to interact with the poles to induce movement of the actuator along a path. The poles have non-uniform configurations.

Abstract: The invention concerns a linear drive (1) with a linear stroke for the displacement of movably supported parts, in particular of articles of furniture, comprising a rotary spindle (2) which is driven by a motor and which at the drive output side is in screwthreaded engagement with a thrust tube (3) or a spindle nut (4) connected thereto with a female screwthread (5), wherein the thrust tube (3) is mounted non-rotatably and slidably in the housing (6) and is displaceable in the housing (6) over a stroke travel h relative to the rotary element, and a travel measuring device for measuring the stroke travel h.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated linear motor, which comprises a linear stage and a controller coupled to the linear stage, wherein the linear stage comprises a Hall sensor, an encoder, and a linear motor integrated thereon and the controller comprises a microprocessor, an amplifier, and a power supply integrated therein.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an electric car, including a power converter which feeds AC power of variable voltage and variable frequency to a primary side member of a linear electromagnetic actuator, voltage command means for giving a command of a voltage which is fed to the linear electromagnetic actuator, current detection means for detecting current information which flows between the power converter and the linear electromagnetic actuator, and motor constant calculation means for calculating a motor constant of the linear electromagnetic actuator on the basis of the voltage information Vu given by the voltage command means and the current information Iu detected by the current detection means.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is the equipping of a synchronous linear motor with a non-permanently-magnetic secondary part with a simple positional measuring system. Said aim is achieved, whereby the tooth structure of the toothed rack-shaped non-permanently-magnetic secondary part (S) varies with position in the direction of movement (B). Furthermore, the synchronous linear motor can be provided with absolute and incremental positional measuring systems, such that the coarse resolution of the absolute measuring system can be supplemented by the fine resolution of the incremental system.