Abstract: A method for aligning the position of a movable arm includes: providing an alignment element on the apparatus projecting a distance above the apparatus in the z-direction and having a surface lying in a plane formed by an x and y axis; providing a movable arm having a tool at the free end; positioning the object such that the surface of the element faces the tool; moving the tool in a direction towards the surface of the element; sensing when the tool reaches a predetermined point on or above the surface of the element, whereby the position of the tool in the z-direction is determined based on the relationship between the measured response of the tool and the height of the tool above the surface of the alignment element; placing the tool on or at a distance in the z-direction from the surface; moving the tool in the x-direction while sensing the surface of the element; moving the tool in the x-direction until an edge of the element is sensed; determining the center in the x-direction based on the known distan

Abstract: An industrial robot system including a plurality of industrial robots. Each robot includes a manipulator, a control unit for automatically operating the manipulator, and a movable key device configured to store information about the identity of the robot to which the moveable key device belongs. A portable operating unit is configured to teach and program the robots. The portable operating unit is adapted for wireless communication with each control unit. The portable operating unit includes a member for receiving one of the moveable key devices, a reader for reading a robot identity from the received moveable device, and a communication establisher for establishing wireless communication between the operating unit and the control unit of the identified robot upon reading the robot identity from the moveable key device.

Abstract: An animatronics system and method for incorporation in talking toys, puppets, animated special effects and costumes. The system utilizes a removable storage device such as a flash memory chip to store pre-programmed audio and animation data and a microcontroller configured with both an audio player and an animation player. The microcontroller is adapted to access the audio and animation data and play the data in a manner such that the system produces synchronized sound and movement. The system also incorporates an auto-tuning system which automatically calibrates the system to compensate for variations in the arrangement of mechanical components in individual units.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for reference point teaching for an articulated member, such as a robotic arm. An end effector is moved to form a witness mark on a medium at a target location. An updated reference point for the end effector is generated in relation to a detected coordinate of the witness mark. The end effector preferably supports a gage with a tapered probe, and a distal end of the probe contactingly engages the medium to form the witness mark. A vision system preferably detects the position of the witness mark after retraction of the end effector away from the mark. The medium preferably comprises paper, and the witness mark preferably comprises a hole punched therethrough. Alternatively, the medium comprises pressure sensitive paper and the mark is formed by the application of pressure thereto. The gage can comprise two probes that make two spaced apart witness marks, as desired.

Abstract: A control system for a mobile robot (10) is provided to effectively cover a given area by operating in a plurality of modes, including an obstacle following mode (51) and a random bounce mode (49). In other embodiments, spot coverage, such as spiraling (45), or other modes are also used to increase effectiveness. In addition, a behavior based architecture is used to implement the control system, and various escape behaviors are used to ensure full coverage.

Abstract: Candidate character strings representing objects disposed in a work cell, models for robot operation instructions which has variable parts, and robot commands related to the objects are defined in advance. By inputting a query such as ‘Workpiece 1 ?’ by voice, the object concerned is indicated by a display color so that the work cell can be confirmed. Models for operation instructions and a program to be edited are displayed to allow an operator to select the portion to be edited. When an operation instruction is input by voice in the model pattern, candidate character strings are assigned to the variable parts of the model. A completed statement that matches the voice-recognized statement is found, the robot operation commands defined for the objects are displayed, and the robot operation is displayed on the screen. The operation commands are inserted at the desired location in the program.

Abstract: A method for controlling a robot during an interpolation of a trajectory or motion to any prescribed position, comprises the steps of a) ignoring at least one of the three originally prescribed or interpolated tool center point orientation values; b) finding new tool center point orientation values that place the wrist center point of the robot closest to its base while c) maintaining the originally prescribed or interpolated tool center point location values and d) maintaining the original prescribed or interpolated tool center point orientation values not ignored. Said method can preferably be used for carrying a load with a plurality of robots. Its main advantage is an increase of the available working volume.

Abstract: A tool changer includes a tool attachment mechanism and a changer electronics module. The changer electronics module implements a tool changer node on a device network for the tool changer and a tool plate node on the device network for a tool plate of an automated tool that may be latched to the tool changer.

Abstract: A teaching device and a teaching modification device capable of easily attaining conformity between an operation program of a robot prepared by off-line programming and an actual operation of the robot. A layout of a robot system including three-dimensional models of the robot and peripheral objects thereof (table, a workpiece, etc.) are prepared by an off-line programming system and taught points are defined for the workpiece. The system layout and a model of the workpiece are displayed on a display device of a teaching pendant. An operator specifies a present position of the operator in the system layout and a taught point to be modified referring to the display device. A line-of-sight vector is automatically calculated and the model of the workpiece as viewed from a direction of the line-of-sight is displayed on the display device.

Abstract: Surgical robots and other telepresence systems have enhanced grip actuation for manipulating tissues and objects with small sizes. A master/slave system is used in which an error signal or gain is artificially altered when grip members are near a closed configuration.

Abstract: A robot apparatus which, by exploiting limited resources highly efficiently, is capable of making expressions matched to the motion or to complex variegated feeling or instinct states, representing the crucial information in achieving smooth communication with the human being, is disclosed. A method of expression by the robot apparatus is also disclosed. The robot apparatus expresses plural states, such as emotional states or the processing states of perceptual recognition, by a light radiating device loaded at a location of the head part of the humanoid robot apparatus walking on two legs. The light radiating device includes e.g. the color hue, saturation and patterns of light emission as expressive units represented independently of one another.

Abstract: An interactive personalized robotic system for a home environment includes a home network in communication with at least one electronic device. A robot is in communication with the home network and is capable of controlling the at least one electronic device. The robot further includes a plurality of modules for personally communicating with a user. The user can control the robot and the at least one electronic device by communicating with the robot.

Abstract: A mobile robot communication system includes a remote unit, a repeater module and a control station. A cable connects the repeater module to the control station. The remote unit has a wireless receiver/transmitter for sending and receiving commands. The repeater module has a wireless receiver/transmitter for sending and receiving commands from the mobile unit. The control station is operable in communication with the repeater module for remotely sending and receiving signals. The cable is attached between the repeater module and control station for transmitting signals therebetween.

Abstract: An offline programming device capable of automatically generating a measuring program by which the time and the workload for making an offline program may be greatly reduced.

Abstract: An operation control unit of a reception system includes a visitor ID information DB for storing therein visitor comparison information and visitor ID information including a phone number of a receiver of a visitor; an identifying unit for identifying the visitor when visitor information obtained by a camera or the like of the robot is identical to the visitor comparison information; a phone calling module for calling the phone number of a mobile terminal of the receiver via a phone network, when the visitor is identified; an informing content determining unit for determining an informing content to the receiver based on the visitor ID information, when the visitor is identified; and a speech generating part for converting the received information into a voice. The informing content is sent to the mobile terminal of the receiver via the phone network.

Abstract: A reference signal is transmitted from one of a plurality of robot control devices connected by communication connecting device to the other robot control device. The timing of generation of an operation basic period signal in each of the other robot control devices is synchronized with the timing of generation of an operation basic period signal in the one of the plurality of robot control devices, based on a time interval from generation of the operation basic period signal until transmission of the reference signal in the one of the plurality of robot control devices, a time interval from generation of the operation basic period signal until reception of the reference signal in each of the other robot control devices, and a communication delay time required for communication between the one of the plurality of robot control devices and each of the other robot control devices.

Abstract: A legged mobile robot, a legged mobile robot controller and a legged mobile robot control method are provided to perform a loading operation to load a gripped object in parallel on a target place having a height where a stretchable range of arm portions of the legged mobile robot is enhanced with no operator's handling. The legged mobile robot includes the arm portions having links for gripping an object, and leg portions having links for moving, and the arm and the leg portions are joined to a body thereof. The legged mobile robot controller includes a data acquisition unit, a whole-body cooperative motion control unit and a loading detection unit, and controls motions of the legged mobile robot based on posture/position data regarding a posture/position of each link of the legged mobile robot and on an external force data regarding an external force affecting the arm portions.

Abstract: When braking of a motion of a part of a first robot is assumed to be started at points in time, a first stop position of the first robot part is estimated at each point in time. When braking of a motion of a part of a second robot is assumed to be started at the points in time, an estimated second stop position of the second robot part is obtained at each point in time. When it is determined that the first stop position of the first robot part at one of the points in time and either the actual position or the second stop position of the second robot part for each interval at the one of the points in time are contained in the shared workspace, the first robot part is braked.

Abstract: An apparatus calculates, based on unimproved behavior amounts, behavior amount variations of living behaviors when each of living behaviors increases by one unit behavior amount, calculates environmental load variation of living behavior when the living behavior increases by one unit behavior amount, by calculating sum of values each obtained by multiplying one of behavior amount variations by corresponding one of basic units, to obtain environmental load variations of living behaviors, assigns messages to living behaviors based on environment load variations of living behaviors, calculates environmental load reduction of living behavior by (a) calculating variation between one of unimproved behavior amounts and one of improved behavior amounts of living behavior, and (b) multiplying variation by environmental load variation of living behavior, to obtain environmental load reductions of living behaviors, and selects one of messages which is assigned to one of living behaviors has the largest environmental loa

Abstract: Methods and apparatus that provide a hardware abstraction layer (HAL) for a robot are disclosed. A HAL can reside as a software layer or as a firmware layer residing between robot control software and underlying robot hardware and/or an operating system for the hardware. The HAL provides a relatively uniform abstract for aggregates of underlying hardware such that the underlying robotic hardware is transparent to perception and control software, i.e., robot control software. This advantageously permits robot control software to be written in a robot-independent manner. Developers of robot control software are then freed from tedious lower level tasks. Portability is another advantage. For example, the HAL efficiently permits robot control software developed for one robot to be ported to another. In one example, the HAL permits the same navigation algorithm to be ported from a wheeled robot and used on a humanoid legged robot.

Abstract: In a method for controlling the movement of a manipulator associated with an interpretation of a given point sequence of poses (positions and orientations) by splines, the motion components are separately parameterized. Thus, marked, subsequent changes to the orientation of robot axes have no undesired effects on the Cartesian movement path of the robot. Suitable algorithms are provided for orientation control by using quaternions or Euler angles.

Abstract: A method for machining workpieces by means of a multiaxial manipulator, such as an industrial robot, with a tool moved proportionally by a control unit of the manipulator and which can perform characteristic movements with several degrees of freedom is characterized in that the degrees of freedom of the tool are evaluated together with the degrees of freedom of axes of the manipulator in real time for moving a tool tip (TCP) in accordance with a predetermined, continuous machining path or a portionwise continuous machining geometry (step function) and for determining a movement of the manipulator. The invention also proposes a device suitable for performing the aforementioned method, in which the tool and a tool tip, during workpiece machining, are movement-controllable by the manipulator control unit. In this way it is possible to drastically reduce the overall machining time.

Abstract: In the articulated robot, types of teaching a moving track of the robot can be optionally selected. The articulated robot comprises: a switch for manually selecting a moving axis to move an arm section along the selected axis; a manual pulse generator generating pulses; first controller for controlling motors to linearly move a front end of the arm section a prescribed distance, which corresponds to number of pulses; an operating board including a selecting switch, which is used to move the arm section along the selected axis; second controller for automatically controlling the motors so as to move the arm section while the selecting switch is turned on; third controller for stopping the motors to freely move the arm section while the arm section is manually moved; and a switch for selecting a type of teaching action.

Abstract: A dual purpose media drive exchanges data with removable media items. The drive includes at least one port to receive various control signals, including (1) data exchange commands directing the drive to read and/or write data to a media item mounted by the drive, and (2) robotic device management commands. The drive includes a processor that responds to incoming data exchange commands by reading and/or writing to the loaded media item. The processor responds to at least some robotic device management signals by forwarding them to a robotic media transport device. The processor withholds the data exchange commands from the robotic device, since they are only pertinent to operations of the drive itself. The robotic device may be configured to restrict host access to library components according to predefined logical partitions.

Abstract: According to the hand control system (2), the position and posture of a palm (10) are controlled such that the object reference point (Pw) and the hand reference point (Ph) come close to each other and such that the i-th object reference vector (?wi) and the i-th hand reference vector (?hi) come close to each other. During the controlling process of the position and posture of the palm, the operation of a specified finger mechanism is controlled such that the bending posture of the specified finger mechanism gradually changes (for example, such that the degree of bending gradually increases). This ensures accurate grasping of an object of an arbitrary shape.

Abstract: Method and system for a direct transmission of motion path data (310) from a generating system (204) to a control system (205) for use in controlling a servo-driven machine. For example, a machine tool for machining stock material, and the data generating system includes a computer-aided-design software package (301). Tool paths for directing the tool members of the machine tool can be extracted from a design file opened by the CAD software through the operation interface of the CAD software (302). Alternatively, the design file can be used to specify motion paths rather than end product geometry. The CAD interpreter application extracts the motion path data from the design file, eliminating the need to translate the data into another or intermediate form for controlling the machine tool.

Abstract: A mobile robot which has a communication with a detection target by a motion of the mobile robot or by an utterance from the mobile robot, the mobile robot includes: a personal identification unit detecting an existence of the tag based on a signal transferred from the tag and obtaining the identification information stored on the tag; a position information acquisition unit obtaining distance information indicating a distance from the mobile robot to the detection target; a locomotion speed detection unit detecting a locomotion speed of the mobile robot; a personal information acquisition unit acquiring personal information based on the identification information; a communication motion determination unit determining contents of a communication motion based on the personal information; and an operation determination unit adjusting a start timing of each content of the communication motion based on distance information and on the locomotion speed of the mobile robot.

Abstract: Set the first temporary attitude of an end effector for a plurality of work points (step S3). Determine the attitude of an articulated robot at one-end first work point out of a plurality of work points (step S4). Determine the attitude of an articulated robot at the other-end final work point out of a plurality of work points (step S5). Set the second temporary attitudes of an end effector respectively for the other work points so that the attitude of an end effector gradually changes from the first work point toward the final work point (step S6). Correct the first temporary attitude with the second temporary attitude (step S7).

Abstract: A robot control unit for controlling a robot mechanism unit constantly detects the status of a robot and stores it as robot status data. An operation command input by voice from a head set is converted into character data by a voice/character data conversion device, and input to a control device. The control device searches a command corresponding to an operation command input in operation commands stored in management data. An executing program group is specified for link and storage with the corresponding operation command.

Abstract: A remote controlled robot system that includes a robot and a remote control station. A user can control movement of the robot from the remote control station. The remote control station may generate robot control commands that are transmitted through a broadband network. The robot has a camera that generates video images that are transmitted to the remote control station through the network. The user can control movement of the robot while viewing the video images provided by the robot camera. The robot can automatically stop movement if it does not receive a robot control command within a time interval. The remote control station may transmit a stop command to the robot if the station does not receive an updated video image within a time interval.

Abstract: A robot system is provided and includes an autonomous mobile robot. In the system in which monitoring is performed using the autonomous mobile robot which travels along a predetermined path, an interval between the time when a user requests transmission of images and the time when the user obtains the images may be reduced. The autonomous mobile robot travels along a predetermined path at predetermined times, a camera takes photographs at predetermined locations during the travel along the predetermined path, images taken by the camera are stored, and the stored images are sent to a requesting cell phone in response to a transmission request from the cell phone.

Abstract: A system for performing the method of this invention includes a leader having a robot arm able to articulate about first axes and supporting an end effector. A follower includes a robot arm able to articulate about respective second axes. Servo motors articulate the leader arm about the first axes and the follower arm about the second axes. A user interface allows a user to jog the arm of the leader and to program movement of the arms for automatic execution such that the end effector reaches predetermined positions. A controller, operatively connected to the servo motors and the user interface, controls operation of the servo motors, moves the arm of the leader in accordance with the programmed movement, and moves the arm of the follower such that it tracks or mirrors movement of the leader.

Abstract: An industrial robot including a manipulator, a control unit for controlling the manipulator, and a portable operating unit for teaching and manually operating the robot. The portable operating unit is adapted for wireless communication with the control unit and includes an operator control. The invention increases the safety by ensuring that the operator is within the specified operating area.

Abstract: In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a method of performing calibration of an optical axis of a sensor installed on a hand of an arm of a robot by obtaining misalignment of the optical axis of the sensor relative to the hand or by obtaining misalignment of the hand relative to the arm is provided. A method of performing calibration by detecting a teaching tool 11 disposed at a semiconductor wafer placing position of a storage container or a carrying device by a sensor 6 installed on a hand 5 of a robot 1 to teach the position of the semiconductor wafer to the robot 1 includes a step of placing the teaching tool 11 at specified position with the robot 1, a step of predicting the position of the teaching tool 11 detecting the teaching tool 11 with the sensor 6, and a step of obtaining a difference between the position of the teaching tool 11 and the predicted value.

Abstract: A manual-mode operating system for a robot provided with an end-effector.

Abstract: A robotic storage library is provided for reducing the transition time to reach an operational state following a transition from a power-off to a power-on state. The robotic storage library can generally include a transport unit for moving data cartridges, or other storage elements, between a location in a shelf system and a drive, or data transfer interface, to complete storage operations for a host computer. The library can further include a controller for causing an audit to be performed to create an inventory of the locations. The audit can be stored in nonvolatile memory prior to the power transition. The inventory information can be transmitted to a host computer after the power transition.

Abstract: An assembling method and an apparatus for carrying out the method capable of efficiently, reliably and easily detecting an insertion and fitting position, for easy automatic assembly. In case a rod-like workpiece is inserted into a hole in an object, an insertable range is determined based an amount of clearance between the workpiece and the hole, an amount of chamfering of the hole, etc. The insertable range is defined as within a range centered at a hole center position 3cp and having a radium of r. A workpiece center position is indicated by 1cp. While the workpiece is moved once throughout a search range (XL-XU) in the X-axis direction, it is moved in the Y-axis direction by an amount equal to or less than an insertable range amount 2r. As shown by a dotted line, the workpiece center 1cp passes without fail through the insertable range during the motion throughout the search range (XL-XU, YL-YU).

Abstract: A robotic system that includes a plurality of robots that are linked to a plurality of remote stations. The robots have an input device and software that allows control of another robot. This allows an operator in close physical proximity to a robot to operate another robot. Each robot can be either a master or slave device.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating a motion control algorithm for the control of an AC electric machine, the apparatus comprising a motion control engine comprising a motion control sequencer, a motion control program memory, a port memory, a plurality of motion control modules, and a plurality of motion peripheral modules, the motion control sequencer executing a sequence of instructions stored in the motion control program memory directing the sequencer to execute motion control modules and motion peripheral modules in a specified sequence and with a specified connection of module inputs and module outputs and operational parameters stored in the port memory to generate the motion control algorithm. A microcontroller may be coupled to the motor control program memory and the port memory for monitoring the output of the motion control engine.

Abstract: A robotic system that includes a remote controlled robot. The robot may include a camera, a monitor and a holonomic platform all attached to a robot housing. The robot may be controlled by a remote control station that also has a camera and a monitor. The remote control station may be linked to a base station that is wirelessly coupled to the robot. The cameras and monitors allow a care giver at the remote location to monitor and care for a patient through the robot. The holonomic platform allows the robot to move about a home or facility to locate and/or follow a patient.

Abstract: A robotic system that includes a mobile robot linked to a plurality of remote stations. The robot provides both audio and visual information to the stations. One of the remote stations, a primary station, may control the robot while receiving and providing audio and visual information with the remote controlled robot. The other stations, the secondary stations, may also receive the audio and visual information transmitted between the robot and the primary station. This allows operators of the secondary stations to observe, communicate and be trained through the robot and primary station. Such an approach may reduce the amount of travel required to train personnel.

Abstract: A robotic system that includes a remote controlled robot with at least five degrees of freedom and a teleconferencing function. The robot may include a camera, a monitor and a holonomic platform all attached to a robot housing. The robot may be controlled by a remote control station that also has a camera and a monitor. The remote control station may be linked to a base station that is wirelessly coupled to the robot. The cameras and monitors allow a care giver at the remote location to monitor and care for a patient through the robot. The holonomic platform provides three degrees of freedom to allow the robot to move about a home or facility to locate and/or follow a patient. The robot also has mechanisms to provide at least two degrees of freedom for the camera.

Abstract: A method for controlling a parallel kinematic mechanism machine and control device therefor, which includes the steps of (1) obtaining each actuator command based on kinematic parameters; (2) calculating loads exerted by the weight of each component of a machine; (3) obtaining loads in the direction of axis of each actuator; (4) decomposing loads in the direction of axis of each strut into directions of axes of the first and second universal joints; (5) obtaining the amounts of elastic deformation of each element; (6) converting approximately the amounts of elastic deformation of each universal joint to displacement in the direction of axis of each actuator; (7) subtracting displacement in the direction of axis of each actuator obtained at steps (5) and (6) from each actuator command to renew each actuator command, and controlling the machine according to each renewed actuator command.

Abstract: A robotic system that includes a remote controlled robot. The robot may include a camera, a monitor and a holonomic platform all attached to a robot housing. The robot may be controlled by a remote control station that also has a camera and a monitor. The remote control station may be linked to a base station that is wirelessly coupled to the robot. The cameras and monitors allow a care giver at the remote location to monitor and care for a patient through the robot. The holonomic platform allows the robot to move about a home or facility to locate and/or follow a patient.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a patient with a robotic system that includes a remote controlled robot. The robot may include a camera, a monitor and a holonomic platform all attached to a robot housing. The robot may be controlled by a remote control station that also has a camera and a monitor. The remote control station may be linked to a base station that is wirelessly coupled to the robot. The cameras and monitors allow a care giver at the remote location to monitor and care for a patient through the robot. The holonomic platform allows the robot to move about a home or facility to locate and/or follow a patient.

Abstract: A method for an industrial robot to increase accuracy in movements of the robot. A first path is formed by bringing a tool supported by the robot to adopt a plurality of generated positions. A plurality of observed positions of the tool moving along the first path are determined. A second path is formed of the determined tool positions. A correction is determined by a path deviation between geometrically determined positions in the first path and the second path.

Abstract: A temporary operation path is set by connecting a plurality of welding points in a virtual space generated by a computer to investigate whether an end effector can be operated along the temporary operation path. If the operation cannot be operated, a path to avoid interference with a workpiece is set automatically while extracting a portion in which the workpiece exists in the internal space surrounded by the end effector in order to set a narrow-area operation path for withdrawing the end effector from a welding point. Next, in order to set a wide-area operation path for making movement between withdrawing points, a template operation is applied, in which the end effector is moved by a prescribed distance in a prescribed direction.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus that provide a hardware abstraction layer (HAL) for a robot are disclosed. A HAL can reside as a software layer or as a firmware layer residing between robot control software and underlying robot hardware and/or an operating system for the hardware. The HAL provides a relatively uniform abstract for aggregates of underlying hardware such that the underlying robotic hardware is transparent to perception and control software, i.e., robot control software. This advantageously permits robot control software to be written in a robot-independent manner. Developers of robot control software are then freed from tedious lower level tasks. Portability is another advantage. For example, the HAL efficiently permits robot control software developed for one robot to be ported to another. In one example, the HAL permits the same navigation algorithm to be ported from a wheeled robot and used on a humanoid legged robot.

Abstract: A robot apparatus 1 is to be electrically charged autonomously. An electrical charging device 100 is provided with two markers, namely a main marker 118 and a sub-marker 119, and the heights of the markers are pre-stored in the robot apparatus. When the robot apparatus 1 is to find the direction and the distance to the electrical charging device 100, a CCD camera 20 finds the direction vector of the marker from the photographed image. This direction vector is transformed into a position vector of a camera coordinate system {c} and further into a position vector of the robot coordinate system {b}. The coordinate in the height-wise direction in the robot coordinate system {b} is compared to the pre-stored height to find the distance between the markers and the robot apparatus and the direction of the robot apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a floor treatment system with a self-propelled and self-steering floor treatment unit, which comprises an electrically driven floor treatment assembly and also a rechargeable power supply unit and an electrical control system, and with a central charging station for recharging the power supply unit, the charging station having a transmitting device for emitting an infrared target radiation, and it being possible for the target radiation to be sensed in a directionally dependent manner by a receiving device of the floor treatment unit for the automatic alignment and positioning of the floor treatment unit at the charging station.