Abstract: To ascertain a parameter of a transformer (40) that has a high voltage side (41) and a low voltage side (43), a test signal generated by a source (13) is impressed on the low voltage side (43). A test response of the transformer (40) is recorded. A leakage reactance and/or a leakage inductance of the transformer (40) is determined by an evaluation device (18) of an apparatus (10) on the basis of the test response of the transformer (40).

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a first die and a second die is provided. The first die of the device includes a first surface and a through-substrate via (TSV) extending at least substantially through the first die, the TSV having a portion extending past the first surface. The first die further includes a first substantially helical conductor disposed around the TSV. The second die of the device includes a second surface, an opening in the second surface in which the portion of the TSV is disposed, and a second substantially helical conductor disposed around the opening.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a device for controlling an alternating current (AC) machine is disclosed. The device includes a processor configured to determine a plurality of instantaneous voltages corresponding to a plurality of phase voltages of an inverter, the inverter driving the AC machine. The processor is further configured to determine an actual line-to-line voltage of the inverter based on the plurality of instantaneous voltages. The processor is further configured to determine a terminal voltage feedback for controlling the AC machine, based on the determined actual line-to-line voltage and a terminal voltage threshold.

Abstract: A flux sharing magnetic circuit has a parallel arrangement of secondary flux loops with secondary windings to drive output loads. A shared pool of flux is provided by a primary winding. An AC driven primary delivers current to the secondary circuits to maintain a desired voltage or current to a load. One or more control windings control current in the parallel flux loops and thus control the power delivered to the loads.

Abstract: A ring balancer comprising a plurality of balancing transformers facilitates current sharing in a multi-lamp backlight system. The balancing transformers have respective primary windings separately coupled in series with designated lamps and have respective secondary windings coupled together in a closed loop. The secondary windings conduct a common current and the respective primary windings conduct proportional currents to balance currents among the lamps. The ring balancer facilitates automatic lamp striking and the lamps can be advantageously driven by a common voltage source.

Abstract: A highly accurate, predictable and stable magnetic voltage and/or current reference that is substantially impervious to potentially hazardous radiation including neutrons, single or multiple particles, ionizing doses, particle beams and the like. The magnetic reference includes a stable permanent magnet which functions as a primary magnetic reference and generates a magnetic field. A magnetic field detector, comprising a second harmonic null detector (or fluxgate), senses the magnetic field generated by the magnet. A fed back current applied to control windings of the magnetic field detector cancels the magnetic field generated by the magnet and, in so doing, produces an AC error signal. This AC error signal is processed by an electronic control amplifier which provides the current that is fed back to the magnetic field detector.

Abstract: The power converter (10) serves for conditioning an electricity supply for a load (12), whereby the supply is derived from a power source (11) and is adapted to the requirements of the load (12) in respect of the electrical values. The converter (10) comprises in its simplest version exclusively a transformer (13) and an inductive resistor connected in series with the latter and designated as an actuator (14). This actuator (14) is constructed from two coaxially-arranged, identical and annularly closed variety cores (111, 112), which are individually surrounded by partial windings of an induction winding (150) and jointly by a control winding (117). The latter (117) is joined to a control system (30), which by means of a control current (I) sets an inductivity value (L) of the actuator (14), which can be varied within wide ranges (1.100).

Abstract: A current balancer for balancing one or more currents provided from a three-phase source to a load includes three current transformer/full-wave rectifier bridge sections and one or more saturable core reactors. Each of the current transformer/full-wave rectifier bridge sections is to be connected to a respective one of the phase lines, and a saturable core reactor is to be connected into each phase line whose current is to be controlled. The outputs of all three current transformer/full-wave rectifier bridge sections are connected in electrical parallel to provide a single direct current control current to the saturable core reactor(s).

Abstract: Primary and secondary windings of each transformer in a three-phase system each form a pair of independent windings, the first winding of each of the primary and secondary pairs formed on the iron core of one of the transformers and the second winding of each of the primary and secondary pairs formed on the iron core of the transformer adjacent thereto are connected in series to each other. These serially connected windings are regarded as one phase winding respectively, and they are connected to each other in either a delta connection or a Y connection. A variation in the voltage phase caused by a change in the load current of one of the system outputs has an influence not only on the phase of the voltage at that output but also on the phase of the voltages on the outputs adjacent thereto and consequently enables the deviation in the phase difference between the output phase voltages due to loss of balance of the load to be decreased to about one half.

Abstract: An inductive component for universal use in any electrical/electronic circuits, whose coefficient of self-induction (L) is independent of the signal, is constant, electrically controllable and can be varied significantly. The component (10) comprises two mutually independent, identical ring-shaped and self-contained ferro-magnetic cores (11, 12) which individually carry the partial windings (15.1, 15.2) of an induction winding (15) and jointly carry a control winding (17). The direction of coiling of the windings (15.1, 15.2, 17) is such that the magnetic fields produced by currents through the windings are mutually weakened, but in the other core (12) they are reinforced. The component (10) is connected via its induction winding (15) to a controlled circuit (25), and via its control winding (17) to a controlling circuit (27), or forms with its windings (15, 17) an element of this circuit (25, 27).

Abstract: A power converter embodying the principles of the invention, and having a positive and negative output utilizes a single magnetic amplifier controller to control two saturable inductor cores utilized to regulate the positive and negative outputs by modulating the positive and negative pulse output of the power converter transformer. The magnetic amplifier controller monitors and sums the two voltage outputs and derives an offset from average representative output signal. This offset from average representative output signal is compared with a reference signal to derive an error signal. A current responsive to the error signal is generated and utilized to periodically reset the two saturable inductor cores and regulate the positive and negative output voltages.

Abstract: A multivibrator circuit is provided having two power capacitors C1 and C2 in a power part, a primary winding N1 of a transformer T, as well as two switching transistors Q1 and Q2, and two diodes D3, D4. A positive feedback coupling is provided via the transformer winding N2 and the base resistor RB. The automatic frequency control is switched by an electrically contollable inductive component 10, which is connected in parallel to the transformer winding N2 and the base resistor RB. The component 10 comprises a control winding 17 which jointly surrounds two identical annular cores 11, 12 and comprises an induction winding 15, which comprises a series connection of two partial windings. The partial windings individually wind around one of the ring cores 11, 12. The linearly-acting inductivity L for the current i, running through the induction winding 15, can be varied via a control current i over a wide range (1:100).

Abstract: A power supply uses first and second saturable reactor means connected to receive complementary first and second input voltages. The first saturable reactor means is disconnected from the first input voltage when the second saturable reactor means is connected to the second input voltage and vice versa. The power supply includes structure for sensing a variation in the power supply output voltage from a desired value and for producing a control signal in response thereto. A signal representative of volt-seconds, generated in a feedback path, is passed through both first and second saturable reactor means to adjust the flux in the particular saturable reactor means not connected to its input signal. This sets the initial flux in that saturable reactor means the next time it is connected to its input voltage. A change in the power to be supplied by the power supply causes a change in the time necessary to saturate each of the two saturable reactors.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling electrical characteristics in an alternating current system includes a first level of magnetic amplifiers which are responsive to a primary direct current control signal. The magnetic amplifiers provide secondary control signals in response to the primary control signal. The secondary control signals control a second level which includes a magnetic amplifier having gate windings to which the alternating current to be controlled is connected. Depending upon the nature of the primary control signal, the current magnitude or voltage magnitude of the alternating current can be controlled, both in relation to other alternating currents and in relation to a predetermined current or voltage magnitude.

Abstract: An apparatus which automatically balances the magnitudes of each phase current in a multi-phase power system includes electrical conductors, or phase lines, variable reactance evices, and control elements. Each phase line connects to a variable reactance device which can change the reactance of the line to thereby control the magnitude of the phase current. The variation of the reactance in one line is controlled by a control element which supplies the reactance device with a direct current converted from the alternating current of another phase line. This direct current generates a magnetic field which saturates the reactance device and thereby balances the controlled phase's current by interacting with the magnetic fields generated in the reactance device by that phase's alternating current. Total balancing is obtained by concatenating the control elements to reactance devices of all phases, i.e., one phase controls a second phase, the second controls a third, . . ., the n.sup.th -1 controls the n.sup.

Abstract: A variable leakage transformer having a closed main magnetic path and a closed submagnetic path having a leg common with said main magnetic path. A primary winding is wound on said common leg, and a secondary winding is wound on said main magnetic path. The magnetic flux in the common leg is controlled by other control windings which are connected to a control DC power source. The primary winding has two portions, and one of them is closely coupled magnetically with the secondary winding in order to improve the output waveform. By controlling the magnetic flux in the sub-magnetic path, the leakage of the flux induced by the primary winding from the main magnetic path to the sub-magnetic path can be controlled; thus the coupling between the primary and the secondary winding, and conduction period in each cycle of the AC output voltage are controlled. The control of the conduction period in each cycle provides control of the power transmitted from the primary winding to the secondary winding.

Abstract: A regulated power supply includes an oscillating inverter circuit for generating a high frequency square wave signal that drives a saturable reactor which pulse-width modulates the square wave as a function of a control current through a control winding on the saturable reactor. The output voltage generated by the power supply in sensed by a feedback circuit and fed back as a modulating signal of the control current through the saturable reactor control winding to vary the power transferred by the saturable reactor to an output transformer. The variation in power supplied to the output transformer compensates the output voltage as sensed by the feedback circuit. A protective circuit is provided to sense an output overvoltage condition and inactivate the power supply by terminating the oscillation of the inverter.