Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that detects changes in power-supply current within an integrated circuit (IC) chip. During operation, the system monitors an induced current through a detection loop. This detection loop is situated at least partially within the IC chip in close proximity to a power-supply current for the IC chip, so that a change in the power-supply current changes a magnetic field passing through the detection loop, thereby inducing a corresponding current through the detection loop. The system then generates a control signal based on the induced current, so that changes in the power-supply current cause the control signal to change. In addition, the system uses the control signal to control circuits within the IC chip.

Abstract: A load measuring circuit including a cable including first and second conductors and a shielding. The conductors are connected by a first end thereof to a load, the shielding is not connected to a ground at the end, and the conductors are connected to a generator by the second end thereof. A transformer includes a first winding connected to a conductor on the second end of the cable, a second winding is connected between a ground and the shielding on the second end of the cable, and a third winding is connected to a current measuring member.

Abstract: Electrical power supply for electronic circuits arranged in a high voltage environment, which supply includes an isolating device interconnecting the low voltage side (secondary side) and the high voltage side (primary side) and including a primary side magnetic circuit (13a) coupled via a primary coil (14) to a power supply (12) of the electronic circuit in the high voltage environment, a secondary side magnetic circuit (13c) coupled via a secondary coil (15) to a low voltage side voltage source (10), and at least one intermediate magnetic circuit (13b) located between the primary and secondary magnetic circuits and coupled thereto via intermediate coils (16, 17) that include coil turn portions in the form of U-shaped conductors mounted to at least one circuit board (18, 19) that includes conducting tracks interconnecting the U-shaped conductors to close the turn portions of the intermediate coils.

Abstract: A clamp-on current and voltage module for an electrical power monitoring system that monitors characteristics of power distributed through one or more power conductors includes a current transformer having a core divided into at least two parts so that the core can be installed around a power conductor without cutting the conductor. The transformer produces a current signal corresponding to current passing through the power conductor. A pair of clamping elements fit on opposite sides of the conductor, for gripping the conductor. The transformer core parts and the clamping elements have engaging surfaces that prevent relative movement between the CT enclosure and the power conductor in a direction transverse to the axis of the power conductor. A voltage sensor makes electrical contact with the power conductor and produces a voltage signal corresponding to the voltage on the power conductor.

Abstract: A current clamp meter having a current meter body and a detachable current clamp. The current meter body and the current clamp are configured so that the current clamp is detachable from the current meter body and the meter is operable with the current clamp either attached to the current meter body or detached from the current meter body.

Abstract: A method of digitally correcting the raw output voltage from a Capacitive Voltage Transformer (CVT) with the intent to remove transient components impacting on transient accuracy of protection function. A typical CVT is represented using three parameters in the linear CVT model. A digital filter designed based on the three parameters and incorporating a dedicated mechanism to ensure numerical stability of the former. A method of self-adjusting the said filter based on system events and performed after the method has been deployed in the field and supplied from a specific CVT.

Abstract: Various concepts and techniques are disclosed for measuring the voltage of a power source. An apparatus includes a voltage metering circuit and a transformer having a first winding coupled to the voltage metering circuit and a second winding for coupling to a power source.

Abstract: A current transformer assembly includes at least one Rogowski coil having a first closeable loop with an electrically conductive coil member and a first pair of terminals. An integrator unit has respectively a cable connected across the first pair of terminals of a respective Rogowski coil. Each respective Rogowski coil provides an output voltage received by the integrator assembly caused by when a respective electrical conductor on a phase of a multiphase circuit is arranged within an opening of the closeable first loop of the respective Rogowski coil, and provides an output signal proportional to a current in a conductor arranged in an opening of a Rogowski coil. At least one of the Rogowski coils includes an inline calibration unit for fast calibration and recalibration when retrofitting a monitor module that monitors a value of the current in one or more conductors.

Abstract: A current coil arrangement in an electricity meter includes first and second current coils. The first current coil has two current blades and a middle portion extending therebetween. The two current blades are configured to be received by a utility meter socket device. The middle portion and the current blades are integrally formed of a conductive material. The first current coil is asymmetrical about the midpoint between the two current blades, and is disposed at least partially within the electricity meter. The second current coil is disposed at least partially within the electricity meter. The second current coil constructed substantially identical to the first current coil.

Abstract: A current sensor includes an integrator for providing an output signal, responsive to a detected current, and a reset circuit. The reset circuit, responsive to a control signal, resets the integrator for a time period shorter than an assertion time of the supplied control signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a current sensing apparatus which includes a first current transformer that, when energized, has a first input current and a first output current, the first output current being less than the first input current, the first current transformer stepping down the current. The current sensing apparatus includes a second current transformer in electrical communication with the first current transformer that, when energized, has a second input current and a second output current, where the second input current is substantially less than the first output current. The second output current being greater than the first output current, the second current transformer stepping up the current. The stepped up second output current is substantially equal to a nominally rated input current of a low voltage device in electrical communication with the second current transformer.

Abstract: An integrated current sensing transformer includes a bobbin, a magnetic core assembly, a first primary winding element, a second primary winding element, a secondary winding element. The bobbin has a receptacle therein. The magnetic core assembly is partially embedded into the receptacle for providing a closed path of magnetic flux. The first primary winding element is wound around the bobbin for inputting a first test current therein. The second primary winding element is wound around the bobbin for inputting a second test current therein. The secondary winding element is wound around the bobbin for outputting a sensing current when either the first test current or the second test current is sensed. The magnitude of the sensing current is directly proportional to the magnitude of the first test current or the second test current.

Abstract: Shielded Rogowski coil systems having separate interface cables and methods for eliminating and monitoring noise in signal transmissions over the cables.

Abstract: A split Rogowski coil assembly having distinct coil loops formed on printed circuit boards that are not joined to one another.

Abstract: A current sensor includes coupled inductors that generate an output current responsive to a detected current. The coupled inductor is implemented in an integrated circuit. An integrator circuit generates a sensed voltage responsive to the output current.

Abstract: A measuring method for measuring currents with a large dynamic range by means of a magnetic measuring module has the steps of switching into a high-current mode when a current threshold value is exceeded, and switching into a low-current mode otherwise, wherein the low-current mode has the following steps:—Feeding a first current pulse to a compensation coil, which drives a magnetic core in a first direction until magnetic saturation occurs,—measuring a first primary current value I1 after the current pulse is disconnected,—feeding a second current pulse to the compensation coil, which drives the magnetic core in a counter second direction until magnetic saturation occurs,—measuring a second primary current value I2 after the second current pulse is disconnected,—determining the corrected primary current value subsequently as an average value I=(I1+I2)/2 from the first and the second primary current values.

Abstract: Integrated current sensors are used in AC electric power systems. An integrated current sensor according to one embodiment comprises: an inductor (101), wherein an AC current passes through the inductor (101); an integrator circuit (103), the integrator circuit (103) receiving a voltage associated with the AC current; a gain control circuit (116) operationally connected to the integrator circuit (103), the gain control circuit (116) outputting a gain controlled signal; and a compensation circuit (115) operationally connected to at least two of the integrator circuit (103), the gain control circuit (116), and the inductor (101), to compensate for parameter variation induced in the gain controlled signal or in the output of the integrator circuit (103).

Abstract: A current measurement device using a Rogowski coil having a generally toroidal-shaped core with a first winding in one direction and a second winding forming a return loop. The coil is positioned within a two-piece electrostatic shield. A first piece of the electrostatic shield is a partially donut-shaped member having a U-shaped cross-section. The coil is positioned in the donut-shaped member and covered by an encapsulating material. The first piece includes a slit through the cross-section thereof to prevent an electrical loop around the perimeter thereof. The second piece of the electrostatic shield is flat and has a donut-shaped configuration. The second piece is configured with inside and outside peripheral edges such that only one or none of the inside/outside edges contact the first piece. The second piece also has a cross-sectional slit which is in registry with the slit in the first piece.

Abstract: A method to balance transformer flux among a plurality of transformers is disclosed. The plurality of transformers is connected to a plurality of converters, each transformer having an associated converter. The method comprises determining a reference flux value, measuring an actual flux value for each transformer, and developing a plurality of voltage command signals in relation to a plurality of variance values between the reference flux value and each actual flux value. In response to the voltage command signals being received at a modulator in signal communication with the plurality of converters, the method proceeds by generating a plurality of switching signals to reduce each of the variance values by making available the plurality of switching signals to each of the associated plurality of converters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a current measuring device including a probe body having an elongated portion extending outward to a hook-shaped end wherein the hook-shaped end useful for isolating a conductor under test, a U-shaped magnetic core positioned upside down within the probe body and forming the hook-shaped end of the probe body wherein the U-shaped magnetic core has an interior surface extending between a first end and a second end and defines a current sensing zone therebetween, a first Hall sensor disposed upon the first end of the interior surface of the U-shaped magnetic core, and a second Hall sensor disposed upon the second end of the interior surface of the U-shaped magnetic core wherein the Hall sensors are capable of detecting a magnetic flux generated by an electric current passing through the conductor under test positioned within the current sensing zone.

Abstract: A method to balance transformer flux among a plurality of transformers is disclosed. The plurality of transformers is connected to a plurality of converters, each transformer having an associated converter. The method comprises determining a reference flux value, measuring an actual flux value for each transformer, and developing a plurality of voltage command signals in relation to a plurality of variance values between the reference flux value and each actual flux value. In response to the voltage command signals being received at a modulator in signal communication with the plurality of converters, the method proceeds by generating a plurality of switching signals to reduce each of the variance values by making available the plurality of switching signals to each of the associated plurality of converters.

Abstract: An auto-measuring universal meter is disclosed. The auto-measuring universal meter includes a main unit having a display and a single button. A pair of test probes is electrically connected to the main unit in a removable manner to detect a first input signal; an inductive clamp is formed on and electrically connected to the main unit for gripping a current-carrying conductor to detect a second input signal indicative of an alternating/direct current flowing through the current-carrying conductor. The main unit is designed so as to take measurement of the input signals in a self-judging mode based on the presence of and/or the differences between the input signals so that the alternating/direct current can also be measured.

Abstract: In a Hall IC type current sensor of a vehicle-mounted power converter which includes a bus bar which supplies electricity to a vehicle-mounted power converter, a Hall IC which detects a current supplied to the bus bar, and a control board on which a control circuit which controls the vehicle-mounted power converter in response to an output of the Hall IC is mounted, the current sensor further includes a Hall IC holder which holds the Hall IC and is also fixed to the bus bar, and a through hole which is formed in the control board and which allows a lead terminal of the Hall IC to pass therethrough, and the lead terminal which passes through the through hole is connected with the control circuit by solder bonding.

Abstract: A current measurement device for measuring an electrical current, in particular in a contactless manner, in a current-carrying conductor, using a coil arrangement having a coil conductor and a circuit connected to the coil conductor, the coil arrangement being surrounded at least in portions by a coil shield. The coil shield and the circuit are connected to a ground potential independently of each other. The measurement accuracy is thereby increased.

Abstract: A method is described to provide temperature compensation and self-calibration of a current sensor based on a plurality of magnetic field sensors positioned around a current carrying conductor. A reference electrical current carried by a conductor positioned within the sensing window of the current sensor is used to correct variations in the output signal due to temperature variations and aging.

Abstract: The invention provides the electronic judging apparatus to detect the working state of the other electric equipment without modifying it inside. The common mode noise around the electric power supplying wires of the other equipment is measured by using the special magnetic core detector attached around the power supplying wire, and the common mode noise is compared with the one measured on the non-working time after amplifying and digital signal treatment of the detected signal. As the modification of the equipment is not required, the monitoring of the working state can be available for various equipments easily and also available from a remote place by transmitting the digital treated signal on the internet communication system.

Abstract: A current clamp meter having a current meter body and a detachable current clamp. The current meter body and the current clamp are configured so that the current clamp is detachable from the current meter body and the meter is operable with the current clamp either attached to the current meter body or detached from the current meter body.

Abstract: A status indicator indicates an operating state, including an electrical malfunction, of an electrical load that is located and controlled from locations remote from a monitoring location.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling the sagging of a power transmission cable hang between two towers. The cable has a first supporting portion and a second conductive portion. The method includes a first act of mounting the cable between the two towers, such that when mounted between the towers the cable has a cable load. The method further includes a second act of stretching the first portion to have a cable sag less than a desired sag, a third act of releasing at least some of the tension to obtain the desired sag, and a fourth act calculating a load magnitude carried by the first portion. If the load magnitude is less than a desired load magnitude the method includes repeating the second, third and fourth acts until the load magnitude is at the desired level.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of (1) providing continuous monitoring of various operating and environmental characteristics using RFID technology or similar wireless technology and (2) capturing data on historical events that have occurred on the circuits used for the transmission and distribution of electric power. The invention has the additional capability to communicate the information to operators at the site, in remote locations, or to other equipment (peer to peer). The invention provides a low cost method and apparatus to monitor and store operating characteristics and events on the electric power distribution circuit. The information can be used to reduce the duration of outages, for improving system reliability, to study the impact on the power grid of various environmental factors, to enhance the ability to react to operating conditions such as overloads, etc.

Abstract: An inductive clamp includes a pair of jaws configured to surround a conductor, and a pair of handles, each connected to a corresponding jaw. A pivotal connection is provided that allows the jaws to close around a conductor. The jaws are optionally biased to hold them closed around the conductor. A ferromagnetic core is mounted in each jaw and a coil surrounds at least one of the cores. An indicator is provided that tells a user that a signal has been applied to at least one of the cores.

Abstract: The device for measuring the intensity (1) of a strong current passing through a wire (1) comprises a magnetic sensor (2) in the form of a loop surrounding the wire (1), and a turn (3) of conductive material surrounding the wire (1) conducting a high-frequency counter-current, the intensity of which is adjusted to cancel the magnetic field (H) is characterized in that the turn (3) of conductive material is in short circuit and surrounds the magnetic sensor (2).

Abstract: A method is described to provide temperature compensation and reduction of drift due to aging for a current sensor based on a plurality of magnetic field sensors positioned around a current carrying conductor. The offset voltage signal generated by each magnetic field sensor is used to correct variations in the output signal due to temperature variations and aging.

Abstract: A fault indicator for indicating the occurrence of a fault in an electrical conductor is programmable, such as in the field, by placing a magnet in proximity to the housing of the fault indicator. A data processor senses the changed state of a magnetic switch and, after a predetermined delay, initiates a programming routine to enable selection of one of a plurality of trip settings for the fault indicator. During programming, display LEDs flash once for programming of the first trip setting, twice for setting of the second trip setting, and so forth. Removal of the magnet from proximity to the fault indicator while at the desired trip setting will result in programming of the fault indicator to that trip setting.

Abstract: A current sensor for detecting current flowing through a conductive bus bar. A fitting groove is formed in the bus bar. A package is fitted into the fitting groove including a magnetic detection element that detects current flowing through the bus bar. A lead frame is connected to the magnetic detection element and extends out of the package. The bus bar includes a first conductor and a second conductor facing toward the first conductor, with the first and second conductors defining the fitting groove. The magnetic detection element is arranged between the first conductor and the second conductor in a state in which the package is fitted into the fitting groove.

Abstract: A system for current sensing includes a first Hall effect sensor and a second Hall effect sensor constructed to provide feedback indicating current flow through a conductor susceptible to external magnetic flux. A housing is configured to position the first Hall effect sensor and the second Hall effect sensor about the conductor to provide generally magnitude equal feedback of the current flow through the conductor and generally polarity opposite feedback of the external magnetic flux.

Abstract: An integrated sensor includes a magnetoresistance element electrically coupled to a device disposed on or integrated in a silicon substrate. A conductor is provided proximate to the magnetoresistance element. The integrated sensor can be used to provide various devices, such as a current sensor, a magnetic field sensor, or an isolator. Further, the integrated sensor can be used in an open loop configuration or in a closed loop configuration in which an additional conductor is provided. The magntoresistance element may be formed over the silicon substrate or on a separate, non-silicon substrate. Also described is an integrated sensor comprising a substrate, a magnetic field transducer disposed over a surface of the substrate, and a conductor disposed over the surface of the substrate proximate to the magnetic field transducer. The magnetic field transducer can be a Hall effect transducer or a magnetoresistance element.

Abstract: A distributed active transformer on a semiconducting substrate is provided. The distributed active transformer includes an outer primary, a secondary disposed adjacent to the outer primary, and an inner primary disposed adjacent to the outer primary and the secondary. A plurality of first three terminal devices is coupled to the outer primary at a plurality of locations. A plurality of second three terminal devices coupled to the inner primary at a plurality of locations, and each second three terminal device is disposed opposite from and coupled to one of the plurality of first three terminal devices. A plurality of power control actuation circuits is also provided, where each power control actuation circuit is coupled to one of the first three terminal devices and the second three terminal devices.

Abstract: A current sensor is provided including a Rogowski coil in an assembly that is easily positioned about a conductor, e.g. without cutting the line or deenergizing the line. In one arrangement, the Rogowski coil is formed about a split helical structure such that the ends of the Rogowski coil are not coincident. While this does introduce a small error in the current measurement, this small error is easily correctable by calibration and/or application software. The current sensor includes suitable insulation such that it can be placed about energized, high-voltage lines.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus is for a power bus including a plurality of characteristics. The sensor apparatus includes a housing; one or more sensors each adapted to sense a characteristic of the power bus; and a circuit adapted to transmit or receive a wireless signal. A processor includes a low-power mode and a routine adapted to wake up from the low-power mode, to input the sensed characteristic from the one or more sensors, to output a corresponding signal to the circuit to transmit as the wireless signal, and to sleep in the low-power mode. A power supply is adapted to power the sensors, the circuit and the processor from flux arising from current flowing in the power bus. The power supply includes one or more voltages.

Abstract: Determining multiple routes for multiple passenger groups, includes sending to a scheduler, multiple individual queries with a bias to produce individual solutions that meet joint travel requirements, merging results from the multiple individual queries to produce joint solutions for the passenger groups and returning the joint solutions.

Abstract: A mount is for installing a probe, such as for example, a search coil, in a variety of locations and orientations within an electrical generator, without requiring the rotor of the generator to be removed. The mount includes a block having a longitudinal hole and a plurality of transverse slots intersecting the hole. A plurality of wedges are disposed within the slots. A wedge pin inserted into the longitudinal hole engages the wedges forcing the wedges outward in order to secure the mount and search coil thereon in the desired position within the generator, such as for example, in the air gap between the rotor and stator. A fastening mechanism further secures the mount in place.

Abstract: A circuit for sensing a current in an inductor is described. Integrator circuitry is operable to generate a first signal representing an integration of a voltage across the inductor. Comparison circuitry is operable to generate a reset signal each time the first signal reaches either a positive or negative threshold. The reset signal is for resetting the integrator circuitry. Logic circuitry is operable to generate a count direction signal indicating which of the positive and negative thresholds was reached to generate the reset signal. Counter circuitry is operable to increment or decrement a count representing the current in the inductor in response to the reset and count direction signals.

Abstract: A current sensor that includes a pair of segments. Each of the segments includes magnetically permeable cores that can be joined together. A winding is used to substantially encircle one of the cores.

Abstract: A method and a current sensor for measuring a current in a conductor. The sensor comprises a non-magnetic, flexible core member having a first end and a second end. A locking head having a channel therethrough is coupled to the first end of the core member. A first sensor conductor winding layer is mounted on the core member. Wherein the second end releasably engages the locking thread in the channel and adjustably configures the core member to surround the conductor as the second end is moved through the channel. In another embodiment the current sensor includes a locking tang within the channel and a plurality of sought tooth members on a portion of the core member and configured to selectively engage the locking tang as the second end of the core member is moved through the channel.

Abstract: In a Hall IC type current sensor of a vehicle-mounted power converter which includes a bus bar which supplies electricity to a vehicle-mounted power converter, a Hall IC which detects a current supplied to the bus bar, and a control board on which a control circuit which controls the vehicle-mounted power converter in response to an output of the Hall IC is mounted, the current sensor further includes a Hall IC holder which holds the Hall IC and is also fixed to the bus bar, and a through hole which is formed in the control board and which allows a lead terminal of the Hall IC to pass therethrough, and the lead terminal which passes through the through hole is connected with the control circuit by solder bonding.

Abstract: A current sensor and a current detecting method in which a sensitivity in at least 100 ?A region and a dynamic range of 80 dB are achieved through a simple structure. The current sensor comprises one middle leg magnetic circuit (1) having opposite ends, two outer leg magnetic circuit (2a,2b) being connected with one and the other ends of the middle leg magnetic circuit (1), respectively, an exciting means (3a) arranged in the outer leg magnetic circuit (2a) and exciting means (3b) arranged in the outer leg magnetic circuit (2b), a flux detecting, means (4) arranged in the middle leg magnetic circuit (1), means (7) for driving the exciting means (3a,3b), and a detection circuit (8) connected with the flux detecting means (4) and outputting an electric signal interlocked with the flux being detected by the flux detecting means (4).

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described according to various embodiments, for flowing current from one region of a coil to another region of the coil. The flowing induces—through flux linkage —a voltage across a second coil. A second current substantially does not flow though the second coil. The method and apparatus also includes measuring the current with the voltage between the two coils.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for supplying power for use in metering electrical energy over a wide range of voltages with a single meter are disclosed. The wide ranging meter includes a processing unit for processing divided input voltage and a current component in order to determine electrical energy metering values. The processing unit is operable in response to supply voltages. A power supply, connected to receive the undivided voltage component, generates the supply voltages over the wide dynamic range. It is especially preferred for the power supply to include a transformer having first, second and third windings, wherein the undivided voltage component is provided to the first winding and wherein the second winding defines the output of the power supply. A switching member is connected to the first winding for permitting and preventing the flow of current in response to a control signal. A control member generates the control signal in response to the output of the power supply.

Abstract: A direct current detection circuit has a zero-phase current transformer with source lines inserted therethrough for detecting current differences among them and generates a comparison voltage value based on a divided voltage value obtained between the zero-phase current transformer and a voltage divider resistor according to a change in the self-impedance of the zero-phase current transformer. An offset current is passed through the zero-phase current transformer to make it possible to detect on the basis of the comparison voltage value a direct current value in a range which is otherwise difficult to detect accurately on the basis of the comparison voltage value because of influence of hysteresis characteristic of the zero-phase current transformer. A control circuit detects a present direct current value based on the comparison voltage value and the value of the offset current.