Abstract: An apparatus for validating magnets on site, including a standard reference magnet for providing a governing reference, a reference magnet for providing a reference based on the governing reference, a gauss meter, a hall probe, and a scanner. The reference magnet is arranged to be taken on site for further magnetic validation and includes guide members to target a nominated magnetic field density.

Abstract: A measurement system may include control electronics; an electrical signal source; a plurality of measurement system electrical contacts; at least one feature for repeatably electrically connecting the plurality of measurement system electrical contacts to selected locations of a tested material. The control electronics may be configured to cause the electrical signal source to output an electrical signal; determine a measured voltage in response to the electrical signal using a measurement electrical contact from the plurality of measurement system electrical contacts. The measurement electrical contact is electrically coupled to the tested material. The control electronics also may be configured to determine whether the tested material includes a crack or other defect based on the measured voltage.

Abstract: A marine waste water dump control system for noncommercial nonmetallic or fiberglass boats that provides a system and process for automatically monitoring the time, exact location, and quantity of blackwater, greywater or bilgewater (marine water waste) is dumped from such a water vessel and for requesting and receiving approval or disapproval for dumping marine water waste into restricted or unrestricted waters, including oil water and the like. The instant invention has an MS (Automatic Information System) or comparable communication system that operates at approximately 160 MHz for determining the exact distance from shore and communicating with marine authorities, such as the Coast Guard, before activating the dump control system and communication. The dump control system of the instant invention automatically stores all dumping related information in memory for access by authorities at any time in the event a vessel does not include an AIS or a working AIS.

Abstract: A system and method for treating head-related medical and mental health conditions embodied in eyewear is provided. The eyewear provides transcranial magnetic stimulation and light therapy through an electromagnetic generator system and light sources, respectively, disposed along the frame of the eyewear. The electromagnetic generator system provides at least one pulse-generating stimulation arm along a frame arm, wherein the stimulation arm is movable between a storage and an operative condition directing magnetic pulses toward the wearer's skull. The light sources may be disposed along an inner lateral edge of the portions of the frame retaining the optical lenses so that the light sources direct adjustably angled dichroic light toward the eyes of a wearer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods configured to deliver a stimulus (e.g., a therapeutic agent or a therapeutically beneficial signal) to a cell, tissue, organ, or organism. The stimulus is applied at least twice, and the first and second applications are separated by a rest period in which no further stimulus is actively applied. The rest period is of a duration (e.g., about 1-6 hours) sufficient to provoke an enhanced response to the second stimulus.

Abstract: A magnetic mounting system is provided. The system includes a device having a magnetic attachment feature and a magnetic device mount. The magnetic device mount has a mating magnetic attachment feature. The magnetic attachment feature and mating magnetic attachment feature allow specific angular, radial, and/or longitudinal alignment of the device relative to the mount without a mechanical interface. An electronic device holder and charging system with integrated charging and data transfer interface and a self-aligning, magnetic coupling and docking interface with on-demand decoupling feature are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of fault detection of a belt or rope includes connecting a fault detection unit to at least a portion of a belt or rope including a plurality of wires arranged in a plurality of strands and/or cords. At least the portion of the belt or rope is subjected to an AC voltage of high frequency range and an electrical impedance of the portion of the belt or rope is measured via the fault detection unit. Using at least the measured electrical impedance of the portion of the belt or rope, a fault condition of the belt or rope is determined.

Abstract: A non-contact current censor includes a spin valve structure (2), an electrical unit (4) that applies a varying current to the spin valve structure (2), and a resistance reading unit that electrically reads out a resistance value of the spin valve structure (2). When a current-induced magnetic field is detected, a coercive force of a free layer (14) is configured to be larger than the current-induced magnetic field as a detection target, and the electrical unit (4) allows the magnetization directions of a pinned layer (12) and the free layer (14) to transition between a mutually parallel state and a mutually anti-parallel state by applying the current to the spin valve structure (2). The resistance reading unit (5) detects a threshold value corresponding to the transition.

Abstract: A current detection apparatus includes two magnetic detectors that are arranged oppositely on a front surface and a back surface of a board which is located above a current path in order to detect a strength of a magnetic field, an electromagnetic shielding frame member that is mounted on the current path so that the two magnetic detectors and a part of the current path are accommodated inside the electromagnetic shielding frame member, and a control circuit that determines whether a failure which occurs in either of the two magnetic detectors from a difference between magnetic fields detected by the two magnetic detectors, respectively. Sensitivities of the two magnetic detectors are made adjusted so that current values outputted from the two magnetic detectors depending on detected magnetic fields are identical to each other in a normal state.

Abstract: A variable reluctance resolver includes a rotor that rotates about a rotational axis, a plurality of detection coils that detect rotation of the rotor, and a magnetic member that magnetically connects adjacent ones of the detection coils to each other. The magnetic member includes a pair of body portions around which the detection coils are wound, and a connection portion that connects the pair of body portions to each other. Both the body portions and the connection portion have a thin flat shape. The body portions are flat so that a direction of extension of the flat shape is along a rotational axis direction, and the magnetic member has a U shape as viewed from the rotational axis direction.

Abstract: A scissor style magnetic sensor having a novel hard bias structure for improved magnetic biasing robustness. The sensor includes a sensor stack that includes first and second magnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic layer such as an electrically insulating barrier layer or an electrically conductive spacer layer. The first and second magnetic layers have magnetizations that are antiparallel coupled, but that are canted in a direction that is neither parallel with nor perpendicular to the air bearing surface by a magnetic bias structure. The magnetic bias structure includes a neck portion extending from the back edge of the sensor stack and having first and second sides that are aligned with first and second sides of the sensor stack. The bias structure also includes a tapered or wedged portion extending backward from the neck portion.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment includes a method including providing a battery, producing a first magnetic field so that a second magnetic field is induced in the battery, sensing a magnetic field resulting from the interaction of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, utilizing the sensed net magnetic field to determine the state of charge of the battery.

Abstract: The size of a current detecting apparatus is reduced by employing a small magnetic core, and problems caused by excessive heat generation and vibrations of a bass bar are prevented. In a current detecting apparatus, a current detecting bass bar includes a through portion penetrating through a hollow portion of a magnetic core, and plate-shaped terminal portions continuing from both sides of the through portion. The through portion is formed to have a thickness larger than that of the terminal portions.

Abstract: A proximity electric current sensing device includes a main body, a first and second adjusting components, a first to third sensing units. The main body has a hole for a conducting wire to go through. The first and second adjusting components are disposed on a first and second sides of the main body respectively for adjusting a first and second positions of the conducting wire. The first to third sensing units are disposed on the main body and adjacent to a first to third sides of the conducting wire respectively for sensing a first to third magnetic fluxes of the conducting wire. The processing unit rotates the adjusting components to ensure the third sensing unit is right above the center of the conducting wire according to the first and second magnetic flux, estimates an installation position, and calculates an amount of an electric current according to the third magnetic flux.

Abstract: Systems and methods for estimating a physical characteristic of a seafood product are provided. In one system, the estimate is based on a slope defined by a ratio of changes in peak resonant amplitude and frequency of an electromagnetic resonant circuit in loaded and unloaded states. In another system, a first probe of a plurality of probes is driven with a test signal when the plurality of probes is loaded by a seafood product and the estimate is based on received test signals at one or more of the other probes. In another system, the estimate is based on the loading effect of a seafood product on an electromagnetic resonant circuit, which is also used to read an ID from an RFID associated with the seafood product. The systems and methods may be used for individual specimens, or to determine an average estimate for multiple specimens at one time.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a semiconductor die including a first magnetic field sensor. The integrated circuit includes an isolation material layer over the first magnetic field sensor and a sintered metal layer over the isolation material layer. The first magnetic field sensor is configured to sense a magnetic field generated by a current passing through the sintered metal layer.

Abstract: A magnetic detector includes a detecting section having a surface facing a magnetic body which moves and emits a magnetic flux. The detecting section includes plural magnetic sensors for detecting the magnetic flux. The magnetic sensors are arranged in a matrix form having three or more rows and three or more columns arranged along the surface of the detecting section. The magnetic detector provides an input device precisely detecting a moving direction and a moving amount of the magnetic body.

Abstract: A surge current detection device 30 is detachably attached to a conductor 11 and detects a surge current entering the conductor 11. The surge current detection device 30 includes: a holder 40 releasably holding the conductor 11 via first and second holder bodies 40-1 and 40-2 facing each other; a magnetic force concentrating member 60 having a substantially U-shaped cross-section, the magnetic force concentrating member 60 being secured inside the holder 40 and concentrating a magnetic flux included in a magnetic field generated by the surge current entering the magnetic flux conductor 11 to a high density at a predetermined detection region; and a magnetic material sheet 70 secured inside the holder 40 in such a manner that the magnetic material sheet 70 is positioned at the detection region, the magnetic material sheet 70 detecting the surge current.

Abstract: A protection element (e.g., an arrester) protects a piece of equipment to be protected, from surge currents line terminals and an earth terminal. Surge current detection devices are provided on respective conductors connected to the arrester. Each of the surge current detection devices is to detect the surge current penetrated into a conductor for a short period of time, and includes a magnetic flux concentration member by which a magnetic flux produced by the penetrated surge current is concentrated in a given detection area at a high density, and a ferromagnetic material sheet positioned on the given detection area. The ferromagnetic material sheet includes a recording layer which is able to record and erase the penetration state of the surge current. A plurality of microcapsules are arranged in the recording layer, and each of the microcapsules contains a suitable liquid, and a plurality of magnetic particles suspended in the suitable liquid.

Abstract: When a through hole is formed in a primary conductor, a measurement target current partially becomes a bypass current that flows around the through hole. Only a magnetic field component in the X-axis direction is generated from the current that flows through a portion without the influence of the through hole. However, the bypass current generates a magnetic field component in the Y-axis direction at the tilt portion. A magnetic detection element having a magnetic field detection sensitivity only in the Y-axis direction is installed near the through hole such that the magnetic field detection direction is set in the Y-axis direction, thereby detecting the magnetic field component and measuring the current amount without the influence of a neighboring current.

Abstract: An electrical motor bearing condition monitoring system includes an assembly that includes a shaft, a first bearing race coupled to the shaft, a plurality of bearing balls, and a second bearing race coupled to the first bearing race via the plurality of bearing balls. A portion of the assembly has a magnetic field encoded thereon. The monitoring system includes a magnetic field sensor positioned proximately to the magnetized assembly and configured to measure the magnetic field, and a processing unit configured to detect changes in the magnetic field via the magnetic field sensor.

Abstract: The transverse critical-current uniformity in a superconducting tape was determined using a magnetic knife apparatus. A critical current Ic distribution and transverse critical current density Jc distribution in YBCO coated conductors was measured nondestructively with high resolution using a magnetic knife apparatus. The method utilizes the strong depression of Jc in applied magnetic fields. A narrow region of low, including zero, magnetic field in a surrounding higher field is moved transversely across a sample of coated conductor. This reveals the critical current density distribution. A Fourier series inversion process was used to determine the transverse Jc distribution in the sample.

Abstract: A device to test the good working order of a magnetic field generator, and namely a demining coil, such device comprising at least one evaluation means for the magnetic field coupled with at least one display means, device wherein said evaluation means comprise at least one wound coil able to be positioned so that the lines of the magnetic field pass through it, said wound coil linked to evaluation electronics powered by said wound coil itself.

Abstract: A method for solid material detection in a medium includes receiving an exhaust gas downstream with respect to a workpiece from which a photoresist material is removed. An electromagnetic circuit is configured to include the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is excited with electromagnetic energy and an impedance value of the electromagnetic circuit is determined, wherein the impedance value corresponds to an amount of solid material within the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Methods are provided for reducing interference from stray currents in buried pipelines/metal structures during MEIS testing or other current-sensing applications in the pipeline. Methods are also provided for measuring bulk complex electrical impedance between a buried pipe and the soil, thereby rendering an indication of the quality of the anti-corrosive coating. Methods are also provided for measuring the complex propagation constant of AC voltages propagating along an attenuative pipeline. This information is useful for assessing the general condition of the anti-corrosive coating involved, or to enhance MEIS inspection of the pipeline.

Abstract: In order to reduce noise due to the rope vibration in the rope tester, a mounting shaft extending perpendicular to the running direction of the wire rope is positioned in front of the rope tester, and a hook-shaped engagement piece, which extends from the rope tester and is slidable or rotatable into an opened or closed position, is brought into engagement with the mounting shaft so that the rope tester is held movable in the perpendicular direction relative to the running direction of the wire rope.

Abstract: An information reading device for reading identification information from a medium to which at least one magnetic element for generating a signal upon receiving a magnetic field is provided, which includes a plurality of detecting parts that detect a signal generated from the magnetic element according to the magnetic field applied to the medium, and an information reading part that reads information formed by the magnetic element based on a combination of detecting parts which have detected the generated signal.

Abstract: A field detection device such as a micro-strip portion of a transmission line may detect an electric field and a magnetic field induced by current steps injected into the chassis coupled to a ground plane. The shield portions of the transmission line may be coupled to a first and a second port of an I/O connector. A measurement system coupled to the connector may determine the electric field and the magnetic field detected by the micro-strip. The measurement system may determine the electric field and magnetic field based on computing the sum and difference of the signals provided by the first port and the second port.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the magnetic field anisotropy of critical currents in conductive wires and conductive tapes having lengths of at least one meter. In one embodiment, the method and apparatus are adapted to measure the magnetic field anisotropy of critical currents in superconducting wires and tapes. The apparatus includes a magnetic field generation assembly that is capable of generating a magnetic field. The magnetic field is orthogonal to a current passing through a conductive wire or conductive tape positioned on an axis of the assembly. The magnetic field generation assembly and magnetic field are rotatable about the axis.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic field probe which includes: a probe body which is a coaxial cable wound to form a plurality of loop-like portions in planar view, the coaxial cable including an inner conductor, an insulator enclosing the inner conductor and an outer conductor enclosing the insulator; and a plurality of notches each of which is formed in each of the loop-like portions so that the outer conductor is divided to expose the inner conductor or the insulator, wherein: a plurality of outer conductor parts resulting from division by the notches are arranged to be electrically connected to each other, an one end of the inner conductor in the coaxial cable is connected to any one of the outer conductor parts; and winding directions of at least one of a pair of loop-like portions among the loop-like portions are reversed from each other in planar view.

Abstract: The system (10) and the method are used for forecasting the electrical conductivity of an anode (12) for aluminum production before the anode (12) is baked. In the system (10), at least one receiving coil (20,22) is coupled to an electromagnetic field emitting unit (14,18). A sensing device (30) is connected to the receiving coil (20,22), the sensing device (30) outputting a signal indicative of a variation of the electromagnetic field received by the receiving coil (20,22) as the crude anode (12), or a portion thereof, passes inside the receiving coil (20,22). A value indicative of the electrical conductivity of the anode (12) is then calculated using the signal from the sensing device (30) and signals previously obtained using reference anodes (12). This way, the electrical conductivity of the anodes (12) can be forecasted before the crude anodes (12) are baked.

Abstract: A magnetic field detector is provided that makes use of Magneto-Impedance in order to switch an oscillator between operating states as a function of magnetic field strengths.

Abstract: A field detection device such as a micro-strip portion of a transmission line may detect an electric field and a magnetic field induced by current steps injected into the chassis coupled to a ground plane. The shield portions of the transmission line may be coupled to a first and a second port of an I/O connector. A measurement system coupled to the connector may determine the electric field and the magnetic field detected by the micro-strip. The measurement system may determine the electric field and magnetic field based on computing the sum and difference of the signals provided by the first port and the second port.

Abstract: A method of performing an on-wafer function testis provided for multiple magnetic field sensor elements on a wafer. Each sensor element includes a magnetic-field-sensitive structure and a current conductor structure. The current conductor structure provides a test magnetic field in response to a test signal, and a change in an electrical characteristic of the respective magnetic-field-sensitive structure is sensed. The functionality of the respective magnetic field sensor element is then evaluated based on electrical characteristic change.

Abstract: A temperature measuring apparatus measures the temperature of a wafer in real time using a change of magnetic field during a thermal process. The temperature measuring apparatus includes: at least one conductive structure disposed on one surface of the wafer, in which an electrical conductivity of the conductive structure varies depending on temperature; a magnetic field generator installed facing the conductive structure with respect to a center of the wafer; and a magnetic field measuring sensor installed above the conductive structure.

Abstract: An electrical conductor locating device comprises a pulse generator and a detector. The pulse generator includes a transformer with outputs for connecting to two positions along the electrical conductor to define a closed loop. The current in the closed loop produces an electromagnetic field around the conductor. The detector is comprised of a magnetic field sensor coupled to the input of an amplifier. The output of the amplifier is connected to an indicator, such as a LED. When the sensor is moved perpendicularly closer to the conductor, it senses an increasing magnetic or electromagnetic field strength so the amplifier drives the indicator at greater intensity. When the sensor is directly aligned with the conductor, the sensor is inside the equipotential point of the magnetic or electromagnetic field where the field strength approaches zero, so the amplifier drives the indicator at close to zero intensity and thus pinpoints the conductor.

Abstract: A magnetic body having nonlinear permeability is influenced by a magnetomotive force, the magnitude of which is to be measured or controlled. An electric energy source is connected to a winding that is magnetically coupled to the magnetic body. The electric energy source generates an oscillating output so as to cause the magnetic flux within the magnetic body to oscillate at a predetermined frequency. The oscillating flux is associated with an exciting current and excitation voltage, both oscillating at the predetermined frequency. The nonlinear permeability of the magnetic body causes the waveform of the exciting current to have different symmetry than the waveform of the excitation voltage. The difference of symmetry is indicative of the polarity and average value of magnetomotive force experienced by the magnetic body. The difference in symmetry is used to measure the average magnetomotive force experienced by the magnetic body.

Abstract: A conductor is disposed within an area where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between the conductor and a device-under-test (DUT) in at least a portion of frequency band width, and the value of composite currents that is outputted in a plurality of directions different from each other against the DUT, is measured. Based on the measured plurality of values of the composite currents, the first electric current due to electric coupling between the DUT and the conductor and the second electric current due to magnetic coupling between the DUT and the conductor are calculated. From these first and second electric current values, electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity are calculated.

Abstract: An electric current comprising a plurality of harmonic components is passed through the pipe under test, a magnetic field produced by it outside the pipe is measured, a spectrum of the electric current is measured, a spectrum from measured magnetic field data is also obtained. The ratios between identical spectral components of the current and magnetic field are evaluated. The test apparatus comprises a current source supplying an electric current, a means for measuring and storing momentary current values, a means for evaluating a current spectrum to define harmonic components of the electric current, at least one magnetic field sensor for measuring and storing momentary values of the magnetic field produced outside the pipe by the current, a means for evaluating the magnetic field spectrum to define harmonic components of the magnetic field, and a means for comparing and analyzing the obtained spectral data of the current and magnetic field.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring changes in pressure, temperature, speed, acceleration, vibration, or volume by detecting variations in one or more electrical circuits as the distance among a plurality of electrically conductive and magnetically permeable components changes. The invention utilizes changes in properties of electrical circuits induced by the variations in the intensity of a magnetic flux field resulting from spatial movements or displacement of the components. The components that make up the sensor may be electrically insulated from the electrical circuit that is the source of the magnetic flux field and detects the change and analyzes it as a measured change in pressure, temperature, speed, acceleration, vibration, volume, etc.

Abstract: A display apparatus of magnetic flux density for detecting an internal crack of a metal or a shape of the metal includes a three-dimensional magnetic flux focusing unit installed near the metal, for concentrating magnetic flux generated by the metal, a magnetic flux density measurement unit installed near the magnetic flux focusing unit, for measuring changes in magnetic flux density concentrated by the magnetic flux focusing unit, and a display unit electrically connected with the magnetic flux measurement unit, for real-time displaying and storing changes in the magnetic flux density.

Abstract: A single apparatus for magnetizing permanent magnet segments mounted on a cylindrical shell for use in a flywheel magneto or the like. Not only are the segments magnetized but also their magnetic strength is measured when the magnetized element is moved out of the magnetizing section. Prior to that, however, the circumferential location of the timing mark on the flywheel is also verified, within the single apparatus.

Abstract: An electric current comprising a plurality of harmonic components is passed through the pipe under test, a magnetic field produced by it outside the pipe is measured, a spectrum of the electric current is measured, a spectrum from measured magnetic field data is also obtained. The ratios between identical spectral components of the current and magnetic field are evaluated. The test apparatus comprises a current source supplying an electric current, a means for measuring and storing momentary current values, a means for evaluating a current spectrum to define harmonic components of the electric current, at least one magnetic field sensor for measuring and storing momentary values of the magnetic field produced outside the pipe by the current, a means for evaluating the magnetic field spectrum to define harmonic components of the magnetic field, and a means for comparing and analyzing the obtained spectral data of the current and magnetic field.

Abstract: In a magnetic head measuring apparatus for measuring a magnetic head, an amplitude-modulated electric current whose amplitude is modulated by a specified carrier wave frequency and modulation frequency is applied to a magnetic head. A calibrating magnetic field generating source causes the magnetic head to generate a magnetic field having a specified strength and frequency, thereby calibrating measurement variations of the magnetic head. A magnetic head measuring device measures a high-frequency magnetic field generated from the magnetic head. If necessary, an interchangeable magnetic material probe is used to replace a probe of the magnetic head measuring device.

Abstract: A flaw detection device for a steel bar enabling inspection of a high temperature steel bar at a high temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring magnetic field(s). This device comprises at least one measurement acquisition pathway (221, 222, 223; 231, 232, 233) comprising a measurement current generator (24), a coil (25), a measurement resistor (26), at least one amplifier (27) and at least one antialiasing filter, delivering a measurement voltage.

Abstract: A method for detecting the onset of and/or monitoring the progress of localized corrosion of one or more locations on the surface of a corrodible metal article in a corrosive environment is provided which comprises the step of placing one or more magnetic field corrosion sensing devices, e.g., a magnetometer, in juxtaposition with the corrosive metal article, e.g., a steel rebar in concrete, such that the magnetic field corrosion sensing devices can effectively measure the magnetic fields associated with the localized corrosion of the locations on the surface of the corrodible metal article and determine the degree of localized corrosion occurring at the locations on the surface of the corrodible metal article being monitored.

Abstract: A method of calibrating the magnetic coils of a magnetically enhanced reactive ion etcher includes taking magnetic field measurements outside of a closed plasma chamber and correlating such measurements to the magnetic field within the chamber. One or more factors are established which when applied to measurements taken externally yield results representative of measurements taken internally.

Abstract: A current detection switch comprising a measured conductor into which a measured current flows, a plurality of magnetoelectric devices placed sandwiching the measured conductor so as to have magneto-sensitive faces on sides to which a magnetic flux generated by the measured current is input, each of the magnetoelectric devices for outputting a magnetoelectric signal when the magnetic flux exceeds a predetermined value, and a computation section for outputting a logical multiplication of the magnetoelectric signals from the plurality of magnetoelectric devices as a detection signal.

Abstract: The invention concerns a testing procedure for detecting nonuniformities in the wall thickness of inaccessible metallic pipes in which electrical alternating currents of different frequencies are passed through the pipe and the magnetic fields generated by them are measured outside the pipe. The invention further concerns a device, particularly for carrying out the testing procedure, comprising a power source for passing an alternating current through the pipe, at least one magnetic field probe for measuring outside the pipe the magnetic field generated by the alternating current, and equipment for the evaluation which deduces the presence of a nonuniformity in wall thickness from the magnetic field signal of the magnetic field probe.