Abstract: A computer-implemented method for certified sensor readings from a sensor can be provided. The method includes calibrating the sensor, generating a digital certificate, signing, by the sensor, a measurement value with its private key of a public/private key pair, and sending, by the sensor, the signed measurement value such that the sensor is identifiable via its public key and the related generated digital certificate.

Abstract: A self-calibrated system on a chip includes a semiconductor substrate, at least one silicon intellectual property (SIP) circuit including dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), a calibration circuit, and a function circuit, a cyclic oscillator, and a control circuit. Each DRAM has a coarsely-tuned capacitance value and a coarsely-tuned resistance value. The calibration circuit has a finely-tuned capacitance value and a finely-tuned resistance value. The cyclic oscillator transmits an oscillating clock signal to the control circuit to choose and provide the coarsely-tuned capacitance value, the coarsely-tuned resistance value, the finely-tuned capacitance value and the finely-tuned resistance value for the function circuit, thereby adjusting a function parameter.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical apparatus for generating a physical effect, including an array of moving elements, each coupled to a mechanical support by at least one flexure which is associated with at least one piezoelectric member which is operable to be strained by an electrical field applied to the piezoelectric member, thereby flexing the flexure to which the piezoelectric member is coupled; an electrical wiring, including a group of electrodes, wherein each electrode out of the group of electrodes is coupled to at least one of the piezoelectric members; wherein the electrical wiring is operable to concurrently transfer different sequences of electric fields to different piezoelectric members, thereby controllably inducing movement of moving elements of the array for creating the physical effect; and a motion restriction mechanism for maintaining a maximal motion distance for each of the moving elements when actuated via the corresponding flexure and piezoelectric member.

Abstract: A coulomb counter is provided. In the coulomb counter, a current generated on charge or discharge of a secondary battery is converted into a voltage by a resistor, and the voltage is amplified by an amplifier circuit. The voltage amplified by the amplifier circuit is converted into a current by a voltage-current converter circuit, and the current is input to a cumulative addition circuit. The cumulative addition circuit charges a capacitor with the current input from the voltage-current converter circuit and generates a signal corresponding to a voltage generated across the capacitor. One terminal of the capacitor is connected to an output of the voltage-current converter circuit through a switch, and the other terminal of the capacitor is supplied with a constant potential. By on/off of the switch, supply of electric charge to the capacitor and storage of the electric charge can be controlled.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a circuit sharing time delay integrator structure. The major composing elements of this circuit sharing time delay integrator structure are: a sharing circuit, a first control block, a plurality of second control blocks and a timing set generated by a timing generator circuit. The sharing circuit can be an OP-AMP, an active load, or any of a variety of combinations used in signal accumulation applications. With the implementation of the present invention to applications of signal accumulations, the necessity of an adder circuitry is eliminated, the overall circuitry and hence the total amount of transistors required when producing the integrated circuit is massively reduced, and thus a great cost reduction and better timing and power efficiency can all be thereof achieved.

Abstract: A micro electrical-mechanical systems (MEMS) device INCLUDES a MEMS substrate and at least one MEMS structure on the MEMS substrate. In addition, there is at least one battery cell on the MEMS substrate coupled to the at least one MEMS structure. The at least one battery cell includes a support fin extending vertically upward from the MEMS substrate and a first electrode layer on the support fin. In addition, there is an electrolyte layer on the cathode layer, and a second electrode layer on the electrolyte layer. The support fin may have a height greater than a width. The first electrode layer may have a processing temperature associated therewith that exceeds a stability temperature associated with the second electrode layer.

Abstract: In a double gate FET, the threshold voltage during the operation of a transient response thereof is enabled to be arbitrarily and accurately controlled by a method that includes applying a first input signal intended to perform an ordinary logic operation to one of the gate electrodes thereof and applying, in response to this signal, a second signal that has a signal-level temporal-change direction as the first input signal and has at least one of the low level and the high level thereof shifted by a predetermined magnitude or endowed with a predetermined time difference or has the time slower or faster signal level change of the signal to the other gate electrode.

Abstract: A flexible wireless MEMS microphone includes a substrate of a flexible polymeric material, a flexible MEMS transducer structure formed on the substrate by PECVD, an antenna printed on the substrate for communicating with an outside source, a wire and interface circuit embedded in the substrate to electrically connect the flexible MEMS transducer and the antenna, a flexible battery layer electrically connected to the substrate for supplying power to the MEMS transducer, and a flexible bluetooth module layer electrically connected to the battery layer. The flexible MEMS transducer includes a flexible substrate, a membrane layer deposited on the substrate, a lower electrode layer formed on the membrane layer, an active layer formed by depositing a piezopolymer on the lower electrode layer, an upper electrode layer formed on the active layer, and a first and a second connecting pad electrically connected to the lower and upper electrode layers, respectively.

Abstract: An electrothermal integrator and audio frequency filter utilizing an electrothermal structure fabricated by way of a micro-machining process. An electrothermal structure is a structure in which there is thermal interaction between its electrical components. It is possible to implement an audio frequency filter by properly integrating electrothermal structures fabricated by micro-machining technology and electrical circuitry, because thermal response is generally slower than electrical response. It is possible to implement a variety of filters by way of forming a Gm-C integrator utilizing an electrothermal structure and using this basic block of Gm-C integrator in general circuitry to form filters.

Abstract: An analog isolation circuit for providing electrical isolation between interrelated electrical circuitry contained within a vortex flowmeter. The circuit provides a low power and low cost solution to the problem of ground isolation presented in flowmeters utilizing grounded sensors which generate low frequency sinusoidal signals. A pair of clock-controlled analog switches couples the voltage difference between two successive samples of an analog signal across an isolation barrier. The operation of the switches at a low frequency rate and with a short sampling interval while utilizing a low magnetizing current preserves the magnitude of the input waveform while consuming approximately 1 mW of power.

Abstract: A photoelectric converting circuit having a photodiode generating a photoelectric current in accordance with the quantity of light, a first integrating circuit integrating the photoelectric current to convert it into a voltage, and a charge amplifier amplifying the change in the output voltage of the first integrating circuit. The charge amplifier is composed of a second integrating circuit and a coupling capacitance connected between the output of the first integrating circuit and the input of the second integrating circuit. The change in the output of the second integrating circuit is proportional to the ratio of the coupling capacitance to the integration capacitance of the second integrating circuit. This makes it possible to improve the sensitivity of the photoelectric converting circuit without reducing the value of the integration capacitance of the first integrating circuit.