Abstract: At least one aspect of the present disclosure directs to a deformation amount measuring method is a method in which a sheet (101) is used that includes a first layer portion (111) having a first pattern (121) that includes a plurality of line drawings extending in a first direction, and a second layer portion (112) overlaid on the first layer portion (111) and having a second pattern (122) that includes a plurality of line drawings extending in a second direction different than the first direction. The method includes the steps of acquiring, from the sheet (101) that has been disposed on a measurement subject, post-deformation image data corresponding to a post-deformation image including a post-deformation moire produced as a result of a post-deformation first pattern (121) and second pattern (122) being overlaid and finding an amount of deformation of the measurement subject on the basis of the post-deformation image data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to regulation of ureide levels for optimal plant survival during nutrient remobilization such as occurs during normal growth, dark stress and senescence. Plants can be genetically engineered or selected using a suitable gene marker to have enhanced ureide accumulation. The present invention further provides methods of protecting plants, or extending the shelf life of fresh plant produce by application of exogenous ureides.

Abstract: An omnidirectional image measuring instrument includes a horizontal rotary table, a horizontal rotary driving unit capable of rotating the horizontal rotary table, an electronic distance meter (EDM) device and an image pickup device provided on the horizontal rotary table, and a control device for synchronously controlling a distance measurement by the EDM device and an image pickup by the image pickup device.

Abstract: A computerized system including a computer system running image display and analysis software is described. The computer system displays an oblique image, references positional data for the oblique image, creates a ground plane for the oblique image, receives a selection of at least two pixels within the oblique image and calculates a desired measurement using the selection of the at least two pixels and the ground plane, the desired measurement taking into account changes within the topography of the area captured within the oblique image.

Abstract: A continuous, one-piece bicycle frame end includes a forward portion and a rearward portion, wherein the forward portion extends from a chain stay and a seat stay, and wherein the rearward portion extends rearward from the forward portion. The frame end defines an axle receiving opening dimensioned to receive a bicycle wheel axle therein to rotate around a rotational axis. The axle receiving opening is intersected by a horizontal axis of a Cartesian coordinate system, wherein the axle receiving opening forms the origin of the Cartesian coordinate system, and the zero axis of the Cartesian coordinate system is the portion of the horizontal axis forward of the origin. A derailleur-attachment structure is located from approximately 180° to approximately 240° in the Cartesian coordinate system.