Abstract: The switching element is provided in a state of being electromagnetically coupled to the cavity resonator of the high frequency oscillator; the bias voltage applying terminal is connected to one electrode of the switching element; another electrode of the switching element is electrically connected to the cavity resonator (the anode shell in FIG. 1); the metal plate having a size enough for reflecting an electric wave to be transmitted before and after the switching element in a high-frequency manner is provided at any one end of the switching element; and by applying a bias voltage to the switching element and varying that, a reactance of the switching element is changed and a resonance frequency of the cavity resonator is varied. By this method, an oscillation frequency can be varied greatly relative to a small change in a bias voltage.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling the frequency of one or more high power microwave sources is provided. The inventive system is made up of a high power linear accelerator, and connected thereto, one or more high power sources of microwaves. In operation, a sample of microwave power from the linear accelerator is used to provide a locking or drive signal for the high power source(s) of microwaves.

Abstract: A process that provides the ability to incorporate a self exciting loop (SEL) algorithm into a digital LLRF system. The present digital SEL provides for conversion from the Cartesian domain to the Polar domain, wherein most signal processing is accomplished, and back to Cartesian. By handling most signal processing in the Polar (phase & amplitude) domain, a perfect amplitude limiter can be realized and simpler logic operations can be used. When operational, cavity recovery from faults will be tuner-less. At high gradients, ˜20 MV/m, like those needed for the upgraded cryomodules, the Lorentz detuning will be many bandwidths, making cavity turn-on problematic with out some tuner based compensation or other algorithmic solution. The present SEL solves this problem and allows cavity recovery from cryogenic trips, wherein cavities have been known to detune 1000's of Hz. Other applications such has He processing can also be implemented in situ without additional electronics.

Abstract: A microwave system for driving a linear accelerator is provided. The inventive microwave system employs a plurality of magnetrons, at least one pulse generator to energize the magnetrons, means for synchronizing outputs from the magnetrons, and at least one waveguide for transmitting synchronized outputs or power from the magnetrons to a linear accelerator. The linear accelerator that is driven by the inventive microwave system demonstrates increased efficiency and dependability, higher energy and power outputs, as well as, different energy outputs that can take the form of successive pulses that alternate between at least two different energy levels.

Abstract: A multi-beam klystron apparatus is disclosed. A radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece is arranged between a main magnetic field generator and an output-side magnetic field generator. The magnetic circuit formed in the neighborhood of an output cavity of a radio-frequency interaction unit is separated from the magnetic circuit of the main magnetic field generator by the radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece. The output-side magnetic field generator increases the axial magnetic flux density in the neighborhood of the output cavity without curving the electron beams and thus prevents the spread of the electron beams in the neighborhood of the output cavity.

Abstract: There is provided an impregnated-type cathode substrate comprising a large particle diameter low porosity region and a small particle diameter high porosity region which is provided in a side of an electron emission surface of the large particle diameter low porosity region and has an average particle diameter smaller than an average particle diameter of the large particle diameter low pore region and a porosity higher than a porosity of the large particle diameter low porosity region, the impregnated-type cathode being impregnated with an electron emission substance.

Abstract: The invention provides an arrangement for reducing waveform errors such as errors in phase or amplitude in output pulses produced by pulsed power output devices such as klystrons by generating an error voltage representing the extent of error still present in the trailing edge of the previous output pulse, using the error voltage to provide a stored control voltage, and applying the stored control voltage to the pulsed power output device to limit the extent of error in the leading edge of the next output pulse.

Abstract: Stabilizing a signal generating source by coupling a small amount of the output power through a bandpass filter tuned to the desired frequency and injecting the power back into the source. In another embodiment the filtered power may be increased by injection locking a smaller oscillator and using the output to stabilize the source, or the filtered power may be amplified in a reflection amplifier and injected into the source for stabilization.

Abstract: 1. A receiver for use in a PSK signal translation system comprising a voltage tunable local oscillator for continuously generating a reference frequency signal from which the suppressed carrier can be reconstructed, input signal means for an incoming PSK signal, means for adding said reference frequency signal to produce a synthesized carrier which is amplitude modulated by said incoming PSK signal, diode switch means for demodulating synthesized PSK amplitude modulated carrier for causing synchronous phase shifts of the PSK signal components of modulated synthetic carrier in response to the demodulated signals, to thereby provide a continuous unmodulated signal synthesizing the suppressed carrier of the incoming PSK signals; a servo loop, including said oscillator, said signal adding means and said phase shifting means, for locking said oscillator onto said synthesized carrier.