Abstract: A PIM probe that includes a PIM antenna carried on a wand sized for positioning by hand. The PIM antenna is tuned by loop size to receive PIM corresponding to uplink reception channels of a site antenna generated by downlink broadcast frequencies F1 and F2 of the duplex antenna. The PIM antenna vanes may include conductors printed on a PC boards or wire loops. A PIM probe system includes a signal analyzer that displays a representation of PIM received by the PIM antenna. The PIM probe system further includes an RF filter for passing the PIM frequencies of interest and suppressing the test frequencies transmitted by the site antenna, such as a cellular base station antenna. When the site antenna is broadcasting the test frequencies, the technician places the PIM antenna in various locations to detect the presence of PIM in those locations.

Abstract: A radio transceiver circuit for FDD communication is disclosed. It comprises a transmitter for FDD signal transmission in a first frequency band, a first receiver for FDD signal reception in a second frequency band, separate from the first frequency band, and a duplexer. An output port of the transmitter is operatively connected to a first port of the duplexer for transmitting, through the duplexer, signals in said first frequency band. An input port of the first receiver is operatively connected to a second port of the duplexer for receiving, through the duplexer, signals in said second frequency band. The radio transceiver circuit comprises a second receiver, separate from the first receiver, for reception in said first frequency band. An input port of the second receiver is operatively connected to said first port of the duplexer for receiving, through the duplexer, signals in said first frequency band. A related radio communication apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A spectroscopic measurement apparatus includes a wavelength variable interference filter and a driving circuit. The wavelength variable interference filter includes a fixed reflection film, a movable reflection film that faces the fixed reflection film, and an electrostatic actuator that changes a distance between the fixed reflection film and the movable reflection film. The driving circuit drives the electrostatic actuator in such a way that the distance between the fixed reflection film and the movable reflection film changes at a uniform velocity.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a self-coupled transformer, a first band stop filter and a tank circuit connected in series with the first band stop filter between first and second windings of the self-coupled transformer. An inductor of the tank circuit acts as an out-of-phase third winding of the self-coupled transformer.

Abstract: A first substrate includes a substrate main body including a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposing each other in a first direction, first and second connection electrodes disposed on the first principal surface, and third and fourth connection electrodes disposed on the second principal surface. A first metal terminal includes a first connection portion electrically connected with the first connection electrode, and a first leg portion extending from the first connection portion. A second metal terminal includes a second connection portion electrically connected with the fourth connection electrode, and a second leg portion extending from the second connection portion. A multilayer capacitor is disposed on the first principal surface side of the first substrate, and an overcurrent protection device is disposed on the second principal surface side of the first substrate. The second connection electrode and the third connection electrode are electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate and at least one inductor on the substrate. The inductor includes top portions separated from one another, bottom portions separated from one another, and side portions separated from one other. Each side portion extends between one of the top portions and one of the bottom portions. A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first patterned conductive layer on the substrate, a second patterned conductive layer, and at least one dielectric layer between the first patterned conductive layer and the second patterned conductive layer. The first patterned conductive layer defines bottom crossbars separated from each other, each bottom crossbar including a bend angle. The second patterned conductive layer defines top crossbars separated from each other, wherein each top crossbar is electrically connected to a bottom crossbar.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component includes an element body having an internal electrode layer and a dielectric layer. These are substantially parallel to a plane including a first axis and a second axis and are alternately laminated along a third axis direction. Side surfaces facing each other in the first axis direction are respectively equipped with an insulating layer. End surfaces facing each other in the second axis direction are respectively equipped with an external electrode. An elastic modulus of the insulating layer is 12 GPa to 140 GPa.

Abstract: Systems and method related to switchable output stages in power amplifiers. In some embodiments, a power amplifier (PA) circuit can include a driver stage configured to amplify a radio-frequency (RF) signal. The PA circuit can further include a plurality of output stages, with each output stage being configured to be capable of further amplification the RF signal. The PA circuit can further include a switch implemented to route the amplified RF signal from the driver stage to a selected one of the plurality of output stages, such that the selected output stage further amplifies the amplified RF signal.

Abstract: A first metal terminal includes a first connection portion connected to an electrode portion of a second external electrode, and a first leg portion extending from the first connection portion. A second metal terminal includes a second connection portion connected to a conductor portion of a connection conductor, and a second leg portion extending from the second connection portion. A multilayer capacitor and an overcurrent protection device are disposed in such a manner that a side surface on which an electrode portion of a first external electrode is disposed and a side surface of a second element body oppose each other. The electrode portion of the first external electrode and a fourth external electrode are connected to each other, and the connection conductor and a third external electrode are connected to each other.

Abstract: A high frequency termination device includes a printed circuit board. A ground pad having a first predetermined inductive reactance at a resonant frequency can be mounted on the printed circuit board. A resistor landing pad having a second predetermined inductive reactance at the resonant frequency can be mounted on the printed circuit board. The resistor landing pad can be selectively positioned adjacent to the ground pad to create a desired capacitive reactance at the resonant frequency to cancel at least part of the first predetermined inductive reactance and the second predetermined inductive reactance. A terminating resistor can be coupled with the resistor landing pad. An impedance of the termination device is dominated by a resistance value of the terminating resistor at the resonant frequency due to cancellation of at least part of the first predetermined inductive reactance and the second predetermined inductive reactance at the resonant frequency.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component wherein outer electrode is placed over both end portions of a ceramic body. A first coating mainly containing Ni and a second coating containing Sn, solder, or the like are placed on a surface of the outer electrode. The outer electrode includes an end-surface portion and a side-surface turnover portion. The outer electrode includes a glass layer which is placed in a region within at least 5 ?m in linear distance L from a covering end portion of the side-surface turnover portion in a direction toward the end-surface portion so as to be in contact with the ceramic body and which contains, at least, Si. The average thickness t of the glass layer is 3 ?m to 10 ?m. The content of a Si component is 11% by weight or more (preferably 40% by weight or less).

Abstract: One end of a bus bar for leading an output voltage output from a switching power supply to the outside is a connection terminal connected to an output end associated with the switching power supply, while the other end is an output terminal VO. A ferrite core has a through-hole through which the bus bar is disposed. Electromagnetic coupling from the switching power supply is suppressed between the output terminal VO of the bus bar and at least a part of the ferrite core on the output terminal VO side along the bus bar. In this way, electromagnetic coupling of a part of a choke coil including the ferrite core with the bus bar penetrating therethrough on the output terminal VO side and the switching power supply is suppressed, whereby propagation of noise to the output terminal VO is suppressed.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes: a ceramic body; first and second internal electrodes disposed so as to be alternately exposed to both end surfaces of the ceramic body with each of dielectric layers; first and second external electrodes formed so as to be extended onto portions of one main surface of the ceramic body, respectively; third and fourth external electrodes formed on both side surfaces of the ceramic body, respectively, so as to be extended onto portions of both main surfaces of the ceramic body, respectively; an intermitting part connecting the third and fourth external electrodes to one another; first and second land patterns formed so as to be connected to the first and third external electrodes, respectively; and a third land pattern formed so as to be connected to both of the second and fourth external electrodes.

Abstract: A flexible electronic device is disclosed, including: a case frame, comprising a plurality of unit case frames space at regular intervals, engaged to move relative to one another, a substrate, disposed in an inner space defined by an interior of the case frame, and electrically coupling a plurality of unit substrates that are spaced at regular intervals using a flexible electrical coupler, a battery pack, disposed in the inner space, including a plurality of unit battery cells at regular intervals using a flexible electrical connection means, the unit battery cells configured to move relative to one another, and a flexible display, coupled to the case frame and positioned so that a display surface of the flexible display is exposed.

Abstract: A reader is provided, including a power amplifier (PA), a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a circulator, an auto-tuning matching network, and a control circuit. The PA emits a first RF transmission signal. The LNA transmits a first RF induced signal corresponding to the first RF transmission signal. The circulator is coupled between the PA and LNA, transmits the first RF transmission signal to an RF connection terminal or receives the first RF induced signal from the RF connection terminal. The auto-tuning matching network is coupled to the circulator, matches impedances between the circulator and the RF connection terminal. The control circuit is coupled to the auto-tuning matching network, adjusts the auto-tuning matching network to match impedances between the circulator and the RF connection terminal.

Abstract: A circuit device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first inductor provided over the semiconductor substrate, and a second inductor provided over the semiconductor substrate and coupled to the first inductor. The first inductor and second inductor are wound in a same direction with each other from respective inner end portions to respective outer end portions thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a multilayer ceramic capacitor in which an increase in conductor resistance at an end of an internal electrode layer is suppressed, and in which a gap between the internal electrode layer and a dielectric layer is reduced. A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a stacked body including dielectric layers and internal electrode layers alternately laminated; and an external electrode disposed on an end surface of the stacked body and connected to the internal electrode layers, the internal electrode layers each including a connection electrode portion connected to the external electrode, and an internal electrode portion which is connected to the connection electrode portion and extends toward an inner side of the stacked body, a ratio of a material having a melting point higher than that of a conductive material being higher in the connection electrode portion than in the internal electrode portion.

Abstract: A two-stage, passive, RC polyphase filter for mm-wave quadrature LO generation is presented. The filter features an innovative, symmetrical layout structure, which is more robust to parasitics than the conventional layout. Layout parasitics which become important at mm-wave frequencies are identified and a compensated. Impedance variations and transfer functions are evaluated considering these dominant parasitics. More than 15 dB improvement in image rejection ratio is achieved in comparison with conventional layouts. Using the inventive techniques more than 35 dB of image rejection ratio over a bandwidth of 6 GHz is demonstrated in an outphasing transmitter at 60 GHz in 40 nm CMOS.

Abstract: A quadrature signal generator comprises a resistor-capacitor, RC, polyphase filter and an inductor compensation arrangement. The inductor compensation arrangement comprises a first inductor connected between the first and the third output terminals, and a second inductor connected between the second and fourth output terminals. The first and second inductors are arranged to compensate for a capacitive load on the output terminals when in use. A beamforming arrangement, a communication device and a base station are also disclosed.

Abstract: A wiring board with a built-in electronic component includes a core substrate having a cavity, an electronic component accommodated in the cavity of the core substrate and having a body portion and multiple conductive portions formed on a surface of the body portion, a filling resin filling the space formed in the cavity having the component positioned in the cavity, and an resin insulation layer formed on the core substrate such that the resin insulation layer is covering an opening of the cavity and a surface of the component. The core substrate has an inclination suppressing structure formed on one or more side walls forming the cavity such that the distance between the side wall forming the cavity and the component varies in a portion of the side wall having the inclination suppressing structure and a portion of the side wall other than the portion having the inclination suppressing structure.

Abstract: A de-noise circuit and a de-noise method for differential signals and a chip for receiving differential signals are provided. The de-noise circuit includes a filter and a register. Both the filter and the register are disposed in the chip. The chip receives a differential signal through a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The filter is coupled between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the chip. The filter filters out noises in the differential signal. The filter includes at least one filter unit. Each filter unit has at least one resistance value or at least one capacitance value. The register is coupled to the filter. The register receives and stores a control value. The register controls the resistance value or the capacitance value of at least one of the filter units based on the control value.

Abstract: A nested multi-stage polyphase filter can comprise: a first filter stage and a second filter stage. The first filter stage can be connected to the second filter stage via first through fourth intermediate connections. The first filter stage and the second filter stage can be laid out in a nested-ring layout. The first through fourth intermediate connections can be laid out so as to not cross over each other.

Abstract: A ground loop isolator for a coaxial cable, for example that blocks DC current but which allows a desired band of RF through the ground loop isolator, and which is small enough to fit in the areas where coupling of the desired electronic equipment is to occur. Embodiments may include an outer area allowing for easier manual coupling of the coaxial cable connector nut to electronic devices.

Abstract: A device is disclosed to reduce noise and temperature during measurements in cryostats comprising, the device comprising any of, or a combination of, the following PC boards, each conditioning a different frequency range: a RC-PC board having a two-stage RC filter in series with a surface-mounted pi-filter; a RF-PC board having a plurality of surface-mounted pi-filters in series, each configured with different low-frequency cutoff frequencies; and a Sapphire-PC board having a sapphire substrate having high heat conductivity at low temperature with thin metal films routed in a meandering fashion.

Abstract: A multiple conductor radio-frequency transmission line including a plurality of conductive traces, an input port, and at least one output port is disclosed. The input port includes a radio-frequency signal input line which is generally aligned with and disposed in a partially or completely overlapping relationship with the plurality of conductive traces at the input port, with the radio-frequency signal input line being at least as wide as the plurality of conductive traces at the input port. The output port includes a radio-frequency signal output line which is generally aligned with and disposed in a partially or completely overlapping relationship with at least one of the plurality of conductive traces at the at least one output port, with the radio-frequency signal output line being at least as wide as the at least one of the plurality of conductive traces at the output port.

Abstract: A cable emulator configured to emulate the electrical transfer function and properties of a length of conductive cable is disclosed for use in transmitter, receiver and transceiver operation without need for long and expensive length of actual cable. The cable emulator includes an input port for connection to a signal source, such as a transmitter and an output port for connection to a receiver or other signal analyzer. The input port connects to an input impedance matching element, which in turn connects to one or more filter stages. The output of the one or more filter stages connects to an output impedance matching element, which then connects to the output port. The one or more filter stage comprises one or more resistors, one or more inductors and one or more capacitors.

Abstract: Signal-processing devices having memristors are described for performing frequency-discrimination functions, amplitude-discrimination functions, and time-oriented functions. In each case, the time-domain behavior of the memristors described herein enables these functions to be performed. In one embodiment, memristance of an arrangement of memristors of a device is, after an initial transitional period, predominantly at a first level if frequency of an input signal of the device is less than a first frequency and predominantly at a second level if the frequency of the input signal is greater than a second frequency.

Abstract: This invention provides a digital electronic device comprising: a grounded metal portion comprising a first metal plate electrically connected to ground and a first substrate disposed on the first metal plate; at least one layer of differential-mode reference metal portion comprising a second substrate and a second metal plate electrically connected to the first metal plate by at least one conductive structure; a pair of differential signal lines at least partially disposed on the second substrate of the at least one layer of differential-mode reference metal portion and electromagnetically coupled to the second metal plate of the at least one layer of differential-mode reference metal portion; and an equalizer electrically connected to the pair of differential signal lines.

Abstract: A poly-phase filter receives inphase input signals I and ? and quadrature input signals Q and Q, and provides inphase output signals Ilow and Iout and quadrature output signals Qout and Qout. The capacitance of each variable capacitor connected to the terminals providing inphase output signals Iout and Iout is and the capacitance of each variable capacitor connected to the terminals providing quadrature output signals Qout and Qout, are different in value, and preferably by twice a predetermined value. This is because adjustment to the capacitance values may be made to each set of variable capacitors by the predetermined value.

Abstract: Systems and methods for an electric choke are provided. The choke may be provided as part of a power transmission arrangement that includes a cable for electrically coupling a power source and a powered device having a ground node and a wire separate from the cable providing a path for a common-mode current through the ground node. The power transmission arrangement also includes an unbalanced choke coupled between the power source and the powered device, wherein a number of turns of the cable in the choke is different than a number of turns of the wire in the choke.

Abstract: A delta-sigma A/D converter includes a loop filter including a resonant filter, a quantizer, and a feedback D/A converter. The resonant filter includes a resonator including a resistor and a capacitor, and a feedback path through which an output of the resonator is positively fed back to an input of the resonator. The resonant filter operates as an oscillator or a filter under the on/off control of a first switch. At least one of the resistor and the capacitor of the resonator is configured to allow a resistance value or a capacitance value thereof to be adjusted based on a third external signal.

Abstract: A band-pass filter includes an input node coupled to receive an oscillating input signal, an output node, and a first LC resonator coupled to a first node coupled between the input node and the output node and to a first power supply node coupled to provide a first voltage. The first LC resonator includes a first capacitor, and a first inductor coupled in series with the first capacitor. The output node is coupled to output a filtered response signal that includes at least one zero based on the oscillating input signal and the first LC resonator.

Abstract: A signal processor for removing at least one unintended signal component from an input signal (ua) is proposed. The signal processor includes a filter device (130) and a processing device (150). The filter device (130) filters the input signal (uâ) and generates a filtered signal (uf), which includes the unintended signal component to be removed. The processing device (150) generates an output signal (um), which indicates a deviation of the input signal (ua) from the filtered input signal (uf). By detecting the unintended signal component first an removing this component from the input signal (uâ), the input signal will not be manipulated directly but the unintended signal component in the input signal (uâ) will be compensated. This allows to remove the unintended component from the input signal (uâ) with less distortions of the interesting components in the input signal (uâ).

Abstract: A two-stage, passive, RC polyphase filter for mm-wave quadrature LO generation is presented. The filter features an innovative, symmetrical layout structure, which is more robust to parasitics than the conventional layout. Layout parasitics which become important at mm-wave frequencies are identified and a compensated. Impedance variations and transfer functions are evaluated considering these dominant parasitics. More than 15 dB improvement in image rejection ratio is achieved in comparison with conventional layouts. Using the inventive techniques more than 35 dB of image rejection ratio over a bandwidth of 6 GHz is demonstrated in an outphasing transmitter at 60 GHz in 40 nm CMOS.

Abstract: A signal transmission circ it includes a main driving unit configured to drive a first signal transmission One in response to an input signal and output a first driven signal, an emphasis driving unit configured to perform an emphasis operation on the first driven signal and output an emphasized signal, and a crosstalk control unit configured to perform an equalizing operation on the emphasized signal.

Abstract: A fast-response high-order low-pass filter circuit is provided. The circuit includes a plurality of low pass filter (LPF) poles that are connected in series, a forward bypass channel that includes a first delta voltage module that conducts at a first predetermined voltage and a first impedance module that provides a first impedance and is in series with the first delta voltage module, and a reverse bypass channel that includes a second delta voltage module that conducts at a second predetermined voltage and a second impedance module that provides a second impedance and is in series with the second delta voltage module. The forward and reverse bypass channels are arranged to bypass current around at least one of the plurality of LPF poles when a voltage difference across the at least one of the plurality of LPF poles exceeds one of the first predetermined voltage and the second predetermined voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a voltage detection circuit, which can remove influence of error voltage caused by tiny amount of self-inductance existing in a shunt resistor, though in the resistor for large current usage, which is impossible to surface-mount on a voltage detection circuit board. The shunt resistor device comprises: a resistance body (11); a pair of main electrode (12) for flowing current to be monitored through the resistance body; a pair of detection terminal (13a) for detecting voltage caused in the resistance body; and a pair of wiring (23) each electrically connected to the detection terminal. And, a pair of voltage detection wiring consisting of the detection terminal (13a) and the wiring (23) is brought closer, at prescribed location, than distance between each of connection position of the pair of the detection terminal (13a) on the main electrode (12).

Abstract: A power supply filter includes a first filter circuit and a second filter circuit connected in parallel with each other across supply voltage input terminals. The first filter circuit has such a low-pass characteristic that a gain of the first filter circuit is higher than that of the second filter circuit in a first band which is a low band. The second filter circuit includes a serially-inserted resistive element and has such a high-pass characteristic that the gain of the second filter circuit is higher than that of the first filter circuit in a second band which is a high band.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power supply ALT for an ion implanter, the power supply comprising: an electricity generator SOU placed between a substrate-carrier tray PPS and ground E, and a capacitor CDS in a parallel branch likewise connected between the substrate-carrier tray PPS and ground E. The capacitor CDS has a capacitance of less than 5 nF. The invention also provides an ion implanter incorporating the power supply.

Abstract: A high power tunable capacitor is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus includes a capacitor coupled to an input signal, a body contacted switch coupled to the capacitor, the body contacted switch coupled to a body bias signal, and a floating body switch coupled between the body contacted switch and a ground, the floating body switch configured to decouple the body bias signal from the ground.

Abstract: An apparatus for wireless power transmission is disclosed. According to an exemplary aspect, the wireless power transmission apparatus includes a high Q low frequency near magnetic field resonator having characteristics of a metamaterial. Accordingly, manufacturing of a compact power supply capable of wirelessly supplying power to mobile communication terminals or multimedia terminals is possible. By using a zeroth-order resonator with a DNG or ENG structure, a small-sized power supply with a simple configuration may be manufactured.

Abstract: A passive amplifier for use with enhanced power supplies, signal preamplifiers and power amplifiers in communications systems particularly in mobile phones, laptop computers and other battery-powered and battery-limited devices. The passive amplifier can be used as an attachment to electric appliances or other power consuming equipment to significantly reduce the electric power requirements of such equipment. These passive amplifiers do not require an outside source of power and can be used to elevate battery power outputs and serve as either low noise signal preamplifiers or transmit power amplifiers for higher performance and extended battery life. Passive amplifier technology is either electromagnetic or dielectric in nature with component parts limited to inductive, capacitive and resistive components. Dielectric amplifier prototypes have gain values in the range of the 10 dB level so as to be useful in communications applications and power amplification.

Abstract: A de-noise circuit and a de-noise method for differential signals and a chip for receiving differential signals are provided. The de-noise circuit includes a filter and a register. Both the filter and the register are disposed in the chip. The chip receives a differential signal through a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The filter is coupled between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the chip. The filter filters out noises in the differential signal. The filter includes at least one filter unit. Each filter unit has at least one resistance value or at least one capacitance value. The register is coupled to the filter. The register receives and stores a control value. The register controls the resistance value or the capacitance value of at least one of the filter units based on the control value.

Abstract: A phase shifter includes a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, and an all-pass filter coupled in series between an RF input terminal and an RF output terminal of the phase shifter, at least one of the filters being tunable, controlling the phase of an input signal over a wide range of frequencies.

Abstract: A circuit converts a single-ended signal to differential signals that are balanced to have the same amplitudes and opposite phases relative to a reference point of the differential signals. The circuit includes a balance tunable balun, a detector, and a controller. The balance tunable balun has a primary winding, a secondary winding, a control input, and a switched resistor-capacitor (RC) network. The primary winding receives the single-ended signal and the secondary winding outputs the differential signals. The control input receives a control signal and the switched RC network controls the reference point of the differential signals responsive to this control signal. The detector detects the output imbalance and the controller generates the control signal to control the switched RC network to effectively adjust the reference point as needed to reduce that output imbalance. The circuit produces well balanced differential signals over a wide range of signal frequencies.

Abstract: Interface systems and methods are provided. An interface system can include a first isolator (200) and a second isolator (300) coupled to a modular interface (110). The interface can include a plurality of conductors (120). The first isolator can be coupled to a first signal format compliant first input/output (I/O) device (130). The second isolator can be coupled to a second signal format compliant second I/O device (140). The first isolator can pass a first signal format compliant signal to, and suppress the reflection of at least a portion of a second signal format compliant signal from, the first I/O device. The second isolator can at least partially block a first signal format compliant signal from, and to pass a second signal format compliant signal to, the second I/O device.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor structure includes forming an isolation region in a semiconductor substrate; forming a conductive layer over the isolation region; forming a first dielectric layer over the conductive layer; forming a plurality of conductive vias extending through the first dielectric layer to the conductive layer and electrically contacting the conductive layer; forming a second dielectric layer over the first dielectric layer; and forming a conductive ground plane in the second dielectric layer. Each of the plurality of conductive vias is in electrical contact with the conductive ground plane, and the conductive ground plane includes an opening, wherein the opening is located directly over the conductive layer. At least one interconnect layer may be formed over the second dielectric layer and may include a transmission line which transmits a signal having a frequency of at least 30 gigahertz.

Abstract: A coupler includes a first conductive pattern provided on a substrate having insulating property, a second conductive pattern provided on the substrate and placed in opposition to the first conductive pattern, a third conductive pattern provided on the substrate, a fourth conductive pattern provided on the substrate and placed in opposition to the third conductive pattern, a ground potential portion placed around positions on the substrate where the first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern, and the fourth conductive pattern are placed, a first resistor connecting between the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern placed in opposition to each other, and a second resistor connecting between the third conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern placed in opposition to each other.

Abstract: Circuitry for use in a direct conversion transmitting or receiving chains includes mixing circuitry which converts baseband signal to radio frequency or vice versa. A local oscillator to provide a signal having a first component and a second component at a harmonic of the first to the mixing circuitry. The circuitry has a filter circuit which attenuates signals output at a first frequency by an amount which is low relative and which attenuates signals output at a second frequency by an amount which is high, both being relative to the attenuation of signals output at frequencies other than the second frequency. The filter circuit is tunable to vary the frequencies, and configured such that the second frequency is maintained at a predetermined integer multiple of the first frequency.

Abstract: An LR polyphase filter implemented with inductors and resistors and capable of operating at high frequencies is described. In one design, the LR polyphase filter includes first and second paths, with each path including an inductor coupled to a resistor. The first and second paths receive a first input signal and provide first and second output signals, respectively, which may be in quadrature. For a differential design, the polyphase filter further includes third and fourth paths, which receive a second input signal and provide third and fourth output signals, respectively. The four output signals may be 90° out of phase. The first and second input signals are for a differential input signal. The first and third output signals are for a first differential output signal, and the second and fourth output signals are for a second differential output signal. Each inductor may be implemented with a transmission line.