Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for fabricating an electromagnetic actuator. It is further related to an electromagnetic actuator and a charged particle device comprising such an actuator. According to the present invention, the method for fabricating is characterized by determining an optimal allocation of permanent magnets to reduce the magnetic stray field caused by deviations between the nominal and actual magnetization values of the permanent magnets. The invention further provides a charged particle device comprising an electromagnetic actuator fabricated using the method according to the invention.

Abstract: A typical duplex GFCI receptacles has two buttons, a test button that, when pressed, shuts off power to the receptacle and down stream devices, and a reset button that, when pressed, restores power to the GFCI and down stream devices. Generally, the test button is pressed to verify that the GFCI will interrupt power to the conductive paths and the reset button is pressed to reset the GFCI. In operation, the test portion of the GFCI will automatically break electrical continuity in one or more conductive paths (i.e., open the conductive path) between line and load sides upon the detection of a fault such as a reverse wiring condition, a ground fault, an open neutral and/or a defective GFCI device. When this happens the reset button in the typical GFCI receptacle is then pressed in an to attempt to restore power. The GFCI here disclosed has only one button which is used for both the test and reset operation.

Abstract: The present invention was made to develop a new material possessing simultaneously the two properties of geometrically frustrated state having a magnetic controllability and good conductivity which leads to applications for electrical controllability and thermal storage. This object is achieved by the conductive material having the pyrochlore structure represented by the general formula R2Ir2O7, where R is a rare earth element or elements of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y. When, especially, R is an element or elements of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm and Eu, the material possesses metallic electrical conductivity, so that it is useful for magnetically controllable functional electronic materials and thermal storage materials having large thermal capacity.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay (2) includes noise dampening means (20/32/34), such as an elastomeric insert, a noise dampening composition or mataerial, or a resin located at the juncture between the relay armature (4) and the spring (6), which noise dampening means (20/32/34) reduces noise generated by contact between the armature (4) and the spring (6) as the relay (2) is energized and the armature (4) is pulled into the core (8) and when the relay (2) is de-energized and the spring (6) biases the armature (4) away from the core (8).

Abstract: A switching device includes a movable coil which is reinforced by a stiffener to increase the resistance of the movable coil to bending moments. The stiffener may include a nonmagnetic case which surrounds the movable coil. Alternatively or in addition, it may include a resin or other material encapsulating the movable coil.

Abstract: A switching assembly includes a switch portion having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode which are separable, a movable portion secured between a movable shaft connected to the movable electrode and a movable coil by a magnetic body, and a fixed portion having a magnetic body disposed radially inside a fixed coil disposed opposite the movable portion, thereby enabling intensification and swift establishment of magnetic fields generated between the coils.

Abstract: A temperature compensated switching relay with thermally effected switching delay should be of simple and compact construction and reliable in switching with precisely adjustable switching delay. For this purpose, the switching relay comprises a switching member (1) movable between two end positions and bearing a permanent magnet (2), with an inherent snapping action to actuate at least one switching contact (6), on opposite sides of the permanent magnet (2) in its direction of movement a first and a second paramagnetic member (3, 4) is provided, on the first paramagnetic member (3) a PTC resistor (5) feedable by a source of current is mounted, and in the end position of the switching member (1) at the second paramagnetic member (4) the distance (A) of the permanent magnet (2) from the first paramagnetic member (3) is less than its distance (B) from the second paramagnetic member (4). The ratios of the distances of the permanent magnet (2) from the paramagnetic members (3, 4) can expediently be adjusted.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a virtually hysteresis-free electromechanically actuated, valve, wherein an electrical input current is converted into a substantially rectilineal force or displacement, using a single electrical coil and two spaced and oppositely polarized air gaps. Similarly spaced, opposed parts of the coil are compliantly mounted for and constrained to move in the respective air gaps, the constraint being such as to develop substantially a unidirectional force and/or displacement which is in the plane of the gap-shrouded parts of the coil. The actuating mechanism is described in the context of an hydraulic-valve, with incorporation of a viscous-damping feature.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a virtually hysteresis-free actuator for converting an electrical input current into a substantially rectilineal force or displacement, using a single electrical coil and two spaced and oppositely polarized air gaps. Similarly spaced, opposed parts of the coil are compliantly mounted for and constrained to move in the respective air gaps, the constraint being such as to develop substantially a unidirectional force and/or displacement which is in the plane of the gap-shrouded parts of the coil. Various embodiments of suspension and force-output pick-off and development are described.