Abstract: The present invention relates to an expansion valve intended to be arranged in a fluid passage between an upstream conduit and a downstream conduit, the expansion valve comprising: —a tubular valve body which is provided, in an upstream axial end section, with at least one upstream orifice intended to be in communication with the upstream conduit and, in a downstream axial end section, with at least one downstream orifice intended to be in communication with the downstream conduit, the downstream orifice and the upstream orifice being connected by a main channel, —a shut-off device which is movable between a closed position and an open position with respect to the downstream orifice. The shut-off device includes a slider which is mounted to slide axially on the downstream axial end section of the valve body.

Abstract: In an electric valve, an upper surface of a main body portion of a valve body, a cylindrical portion of the valve body, and a flange member form a groove in an annular recess shape. A stator unit includes a tubular portion that surrounds the groove. A sealing member is disposed in the groove and held between the cylindrical portion of the valve body and the tubular portion of the sealing member.

Abstract: A push-pull solenoid is provided with a cylindrical guide member that is fixed to a case. A circular outer peripheral surface of a plunger is in contact with a friction guide surface formed on a circular inner peripheral surface of the guide member, and slides along the friction guide surface. Frictional force due to contact with the friction guide surface is always acting on the plunger, so it is possible to suppress impact-like contact of the plunger with an object to be manipulated during suctioning, and vibration and noise caused thereby. Moreover, over-recovery and falling-out of the plunger after suction is released can also be prevented.

Abstract: A fluid compressor system having an electro-magnetic throttle valve (EMTV) that utilizes magnetic forces supplied by an electromagnet to actuate the opening and closing of the valve. The fluid compressor system may include a control system that controls the position of a valve plate of the EMTV, allowing the EMTV to fully or partially actuate to a plurality of intermediate positions depending on a current supplied to the electromagnet by the control system. The control system may control a location of the valve plate with reference to the electromagnet by balancing the forces acting on the valve plate, such as electromagnetic forces supplied by the electromagnet, biasing forces supplied by biasing components, and gravitational forces acting on the valve plate. The EMTV may include a blowdown system configured to release a pressure within the fluid compressor system when the inlet on the EMTV is closed.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator includes an armature (18) movable axially relative to a stationary core (14) as a reaction to energizing of a stationary coil (12) in an actuator housing (10). The armature (18) is gripped by an axially extended slide (20) guided in a core passage (50) of the core such that a movement of the armature in the direction of the core entrains the slide. An end section (26) of the slide, axially opposite the armature, cooperates with an adjusting partner, the slide having a long rod section (34) and a disk-type end section (30) with a widened diameter on the rod section, on the end in the direction of the armature (18), the axial extension (W) of the end section determining a minimum distance between the armature and the core in an abutment state of the armature on an end surface and/or front surface of the core, facing the armature.

Abstract: In an electric valve, an upper surface of a main body portion of a valve body, a cylindrical portion of the valve body, and a flange member form a groove in an annular recess shape. A stator unit includes a tubular portion that surrounds the groove. A sealing member is disposed in the groove and held between the cylindrical portion of the valve body and the tubular portion of the sealing member.

Abstract: A valve portion has a sleeve and a valve body inserted into the sleeve. A solenoid portion includes a stator core having a magnetic attraction core, a sliding core, a magnetic flux passage suppressing portion, a yoke having a bottom portion, a side surface portion, and a thin wall portion, a coil portion, a plunger, and a magnetic tubular base portion. The base portion has a first tubular portion in which a first outer peripheral surface of the sleeve is press-fitted into inside and fastened to the first outer peripheral surface, a flange portion that has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first tubular portion, is arranged on an outer side in a radial direction of a second outer peripheral surface of the magnetic attraction core, and is caulked and fixed to the thin wall portion while being in contact with the yoke inside the yoke.

Abstract: A noise reduction type purge control solenoid valve includes a body including a connector that supplies electricity from the exterior; a cover coupled to the body having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and formed with a fluid discharge passage connected to the fluid outlet therein; a solenoid component disposed in the body; and an armature disposed between the solenoid component and the fluid discharge passage and moving upward and downward by the solenoid component to open and close the fluid discharge passage. Further, a noise reduction member is mounted on the armature to reduce noise generated by contact between the fluid discharge passage and the armature. A noise reduction wall protrudes along a circumference of an upper surface of the noise reduction member.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator includes a casing body having a receiving space defined therein; a casing cover coupled to the casing body, wherein the casing cover includes a connector for transmission of power and signal; a bobbin assembly installed in the receiving space; a core coupled to and extending through the bobbin assembly, wherein the core has a working space defined therein; a housing surrounding a lower end of the core protruding out of the bobbin assembly; a plunger movably installed in the working space; and a rod coupled to and extending through the core, wherein the rod moves under movement of the plunger. The bobbin assembly includes a bobbin terminal, and the casing cover includes a connector terminal, wherein when the casing cover is coupled to the casing body, the connector terminal is connected to the bobbin terminal.

Abstract: A solenoid valve having current dependent bi-directional force includes a stator with a channel. An armature is in the stator channel. The armature is movable in a first and second direction. A projection extends from the stator into the channel. When a low current is applied, a flux is generated such that it jumps from the projection to the armature and back to the stator. Thus, the armature is pulled in the first direction. As the current is increased, the projection becomes magnetically saturated and the additional flux as a result of increased current jumps from the stator, at a thinned portion, to the armature then back to the stator. This moves the armature in the second direction, opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: A switching device is disclosed. In an embodiment a switching device includes at least one stationary contact and a movable contact in a switching chamber configured to contain a gas containing H2, wherein the movable contact is movable by a magnetic armature with a shaft, wherein the shaft projects through an opening in a yoke which is part of a magnetic circuit, and wherein a liner composed of a plastic is arranged in the opening of the yoke, the liner configured to guide the shaft.

Abstract: A disconnecting device interrupts a direct current of a current path containing a hybrid switch which has a current-carrying mechanical contact system and a semiconductor switching system connected in parallel thereto. The contact system has a fixed contact and a moving contact. The moving contact is mounted on a contact bridge being coupled to a drive system moving the moving contact in a switching movement from an open position into a closed position resting against the fixed contact with a contact force. A first magnet element is mounted on the contact bridge and spaced apart from a stationary second magnet element by an air gap such that, when a current flows through the contact bridge, a magnetic field is produced in the first magnet element and the first and second magnet elements are magnetically attracted. The attraction produces a magnetic force directed in the same direction as the contact force.

Abstract: A solenoid (54) for a solenoid-actuated valve (30) includes a sintered powder metal one-piece core (64) of at least one soft magnetic material and at least one non-magnetic material integrally connected together and a movable armature (88) disposed in the core (64) and having a tapered tip to achieve a required force vs position and current characteristics.

Abstract: A linear solenoid has a coil, a plunger, a magnetic attractive core, and a magnetic delivery core. The coil generates a magnetic force when being energized. The plunger is supported to be movable in an axial direction on an inner side of the coil. The magnetic attractive core magnetically attracts the plunger in the axial direction by the magnetic force generated by the coil. The magnetic delivery core delivers a magnetic flux to an outer surface of the plunger. A shaft that is non-magnetic and extends in the axial direction is fixed on the inner side of the coil. The plunger has a shaft hole defined around an axial center of the plunger, and the shaft is inserted in the shaft hole. The plunger slides while being in contact with the shaft. One end of the shaft is fixed to the magnetically attractive core.

Abstract: A magnetic switch includes: a housing; a cylinder coupled to an inner side of the housing; a stationary contact arm coupled to the housing; a movable contact arm positioned to be movable within the housing and brought into contact with the stationary contact arm or separated therefrom; a coil assembly installed within the housing and configured to form a magnetic field when a current is applied thereto; a movable shaft coupled to the movable contact arm in an upper portion thereof; a fixed core inserted into the cylinder and surrounding the movable shaft; and movable cores fixed to the movable shaft and configured to press the movable shaft by a magnetic field formed by the coil assembly to move the movable shaft.

Abstract: A solenoid coil assembly for hazardous environments comprises a solenoid coil and an enclosure entirely filled with encapsulation material. The encapsulation material leaves zero or almost zero volume in the enclosure for hazardous material to accumulate in any amount that could explode. This allows the solenoid coil assembly to be constructed without the usual industry standard flame paths. Additionally, the enclosure may be made of physically rigid and strong material such as metal or the like to better withstand harsh and corrosive conditions within hazardous environments without being explosion proof. The walls of such an enclosure need only have a moderate thickness and weight relative to enclosures that are explosion proof, as there is no meaningful risk of an explosion occurring within the enclosure. The combination of a rugged exterior and a zero-volume interior allows the solenoid coil assembly to reduce weight and cost while providing superior environmental protection.

Abstract: A direct acting solenoid actuator includes an armature and associated push pin that are suspended from certain fixed solenoid components, such as a pole piece and/or flux sleeve, by a fully floating cage of rolling elements. The fixed solenoid component may comprise a pole piece and/or a flux sleeve. The pole piece may include stops to limit movement of the cage of rolling elements in the axial direction.

Abstract: A coil carrier for an electromagnetic actuator (2), with a winding section (3) for the accommodation of an energisable winding, with an injection moulded plastic body (4), with a first yoke disc (8) designed as an annular disc and affixed on a first axial face of the winding section (3), and with an armature guide chamber enclosed by the plastic body (4) for the accommodation of an axially adjustable armature (32), wherein a second yoke disc (16) is provided on an axial face of the winding section (3) that is located opposite to the first axial face, characterised in that the first yoke disc (8) has at least one recess (24) that is open in the radially inwards direction, and in that the first yoke disc (8) is affixed to the plastic body (4) by means of overmoulding, such that plastic body material projects radially inwards beyond the recess (24) and forms a guide (12) for the armature (32), and in that the second yoke disc (16) is affixed to the plastic body (4) by means of overmoulding.

Abstract: A solenoid valve is proposed, having a substantially circular cross-sectional shape orthogonally in relation to an effective axis of the solenoid valve, it being possible for valve devices of the solenoid valve to be connected to one another by means of joining operations directed substantially in the direction of the effective axis, the valve devices having such peripheral shapes that the valve devices can be centered with respect to one another by means of the joining operations.

Abstract: A solenoid includes a plunger, a core, an electromagnetic coil, and a casing. A core receiving portion of the plunger is to receive a core projection while the electromagnetic coil is energized. A plunger receiving portion of the core is to receive a plunger projection while the electromagnetic coil is energized. The casing houses the plunger, the core, and the electromagnetic coil. At least one of an end portion of the plunger projection and an end portion of the core projection has an acute angle in a cross section along the axial direction. A distance between the end portion of the plunger projection and the end portion of the core projection is shortest among distances between the core and the plunger while the electromagnetic coil is not energized.

Abstract: An electromagnet, in particular a switching magnet, has a field winding (11) located on a coil former (7), and has a pole piece (23) forming a part of the magnetic return path. A pole core (17) and an axially movable magnetic piston (19) are provided within the coil former (7). The pole piece (23) forms an aperture opening (25) for the magnet piston (19) on the area opposite the pole core (17). The magnet piston (19) is borne for its movement in its guide in the pole core (17). The pole piece (23) has a flange part (27) at least partially engaged over the coil former (7) at its axial end, and has a bush part (29) which extends axially from it. Within the coil former (7), the pole piece forms a hollow cylinder engaged over a longitudinal section of the magnet piston (19). Between the inner wall of the hollow cylinder and the circumference of the magnet piston (19), a parasitic air gap (30) is formed.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuating unit of a hydraulic directional valve, which has an armature and a first and a second magnet yoke. The first and the second magnet yokes at least partially bind an armature space, the armature is arranged in the armature space so as to be axially displaceable, and the first and the second magnet yokes face each other in the axial direction of the armature.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus includes a linear solenoid having a coil, a casing, a needle, a pair of cylindrical stators and a cylindrical spacer. The pair of cylindrical stators oppose with each other through an air gap in an axis direction. The pair of stators and the needle form a magnetic circuit so as to drive the needle to reciprocate. The cylindrical spacer fits with an outer circumference side of the pair of stators so as to restrict a short circuit from being generated in the magnetic circuit between the pair of stators. The spacer defines a discharge passage that connects the air gap to a discharge port of the casing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromagnetic contactor including a stationary armature which includes a housing enclosure for a coil for generating a magnetic field, the enclosure having an opening, a closing cover for the opening of the enclosure, the closing cover having an aperture, and a movable armature passing through the aperture of the closing cover for the opening of the enclosure, further including a guide ring made from non-magnetic material which is arranged in the aperture of the closing cover so as to have, between a first wall in contact with the wall of the aperture of the cover and a second wall facing towards the movable armature, a thickness corresponding to the minimal radial gap between the movable armature and the stationary armature.

Abstract: A proportional magnet for a hydraulic directional control valve and a method for the production thereof. The proportional magnet has a coil unit, a bearing unit and a pole disk. The coil unit has a cylindrical coil, a cylindrical magnet casing surrounding the coil, an annular yoke disc arranged at a face of the magnet casing and a housing. The bearing unit has a yoke with a first bearing point, a pole core with a second bearing point, and an armature unit with a magnet armature and a pressure pin. The bearing points and armature unit are aligned coaxially by a centering sleeve. When mounting the proportional magnet, the bearing unit is inserted into a cylindrical opening of the coil unit and the pole disc is put on the coil unit after the bearing unit is inserted for axially fixating the bearing unit and closing the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: A solenoid may include a core having a junction surface; a plunger having a junction surface and located adjacent to the core; a shading ring located proximate to an interface between the core junction surface and the plunger junction surface, the shading ring having an outside diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the core, and operable to produce a concentration of magnetic attraction within an annular range of the interface between a center of the interface and a location of the shading ring; wherein a contact region between the core junction surface and the plunger junction surface is substantially smaller than the respective junction surfaces and located proximate to the annular range of the concentration of magnetic attraction.

Abstract: The invention refers to a solenoid with a magnet body connected with a tube pipe, wherein means for fastening the magnet body to the tube pipe are provided, and the means have at least one electrically conductive element, which is in contact, on the one hand, with the tube pipe, on the other hand, with the magnet body, for electric connection of tube pipe and magnet body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnet, in particular a switching magnet, having a field winding (11) which is located on a coil former (7), and having a pole piece (23) which forms a part of the magnetic return path, wherein a pole core (17) and an axially movable magnet piston (19) are provided within the coil former (7), the pole piece (23) forms an aperture opening (25) for the magnet piston (19) on the area opposite the pole core (17), and said magnet piston (19) is borne for its movement in its guide in the pole core (17), characterized in that the pole piece (23) has a flange part (27) which at least partially engages over the coil former (7) at its axial end, and has a bush part (29) which extends axially therefrom and, within the coil former (7), forms a hollow cylinder which engages over a longitudinal section of the magnet piston (19) between the inner wall of which hollow cylinder and the circumference of the magnet piston (19) a parasitic air gap (30) is formed.

Abstract: A bionic telescopic matrix unit is disclosed, which is composed of a slide shaft (6), a metal guide pipe (7), an elastic telescopic shell (2) and an electromagnetic coil (3). In the elastic telescopic shell (2), the slide shaft (6) made of a permanent magnet extends into the metal guide pipe (7) via the front end of said pipe (7) and comes into sliding contact with the inner tube wall of the metal guide pipe (7). The rear end of the metal guide pipe (7) and the front end of the slide shaft (6) protrude out through the front and back openings respectively of said elastic telescopic shell (2), said front and back openings of said elastic telescopic shell (2) being fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the metal guide pipe (7) and to the slide shaft (6) respectively, thus connecting the metal guide pipe (7) with the slide shaft (6).

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuating unit for a hydraulic directional control valve and a method for the assembly thereof. The actuating unit has a coil for generating a magnetic field, a yoke unit with a yoke and a yoke plate, and a pole core unit with a pole core and a housing for conducting a magnetic flux, and an armature unit which is arranged in the magnetic field of the coil and has an armature and a pressure pin as an actuator. The armature unit can be displaced in the direction of the longitudinal axis thereof in a first bearing point in the yoke unit and in a second bearing point in the pole core unit. At least one of the hearing points can be displaced in the radial direction during assembly of the actuating unit and can be fixed after a coaxial orientation of both bearing points.

Abstract: An electromagnetic solenoid includes first and second stators arranged at two axial end sides of a coil. The first stator includes an annular radial core part, an axial core part cylindrically extending from an inner end of the radial core part toward the second stator, and a core corner part having an outer corner surface at an intersection of the radial and axial core parts. A plunger guide includes a cylindrical sleeve inward of the stators, a flange extending radially outward from the sleeve along a side of the radial core part opposed to the coil, and a plunger-guide corner part having an inner corner surface at an intersection of the sleeve and the flange. The outer and inner corner surfaces of the core corner part and the plunger-guide corner part abut on each other in a contact portion linearly or in area along an entire circumference.

Abstract: A flat electromagnetic actuator includes a solenoid, a shaft at the center thereof, first and second bearings, a projecting supporting part, a movable core having an annular projection, a cylindrical yoke, a coil bobbin, a coil and a cylindrical housing whose top is closed, wherein an axial dimension thereof is shorter than a radial dimension thereof, and wherein the second bearing, the projecting supporting part, the movable core, the annular projection, the cylindrical yoke, the coil bobbin, and the housing are disposed on a same surface perpendicular to a displacement direction of the shaft, and continuously provided in the radial direction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuating apparatus with an elongate actuating element (3), which forms an engagement region (11) at the end and is capable of moving owing to the force of a coil device provided in stationary fashion, and sections of the actuating element have permanent magnets (4), which are designed to interact with a stationary core region (7), wherein a stationary bearing element (8) acting as a yoke is provided axially opposite the core region (7) for the actuating element (3), at least sections of which are in the form of a piston, wherein the actuating element (3) has two sections (10, 20; 3a, 3b), wherein a first section (19, 3a), which is arranged in the region of the permanent magnets (4), is optimized in terms of the magnetic conductivity and a second section (20, 3b), which is arranged in the engagement region, is optimized in terms of wear.

Abstract: A linear solenoid has a first magnetic pulling portion for attracting a forward end of a plunger in a forward direction. The linear solenoid further has a second magnetic pulling portion at a rear end of the solenoid. A magnetic path portion is formed at the rear end of the solenoid and composed of a constant overlapping area and a temporal overlapping area. A plunger side-gap portion is formed at a rear end of the plunger so as to face to the overlapping areas in a radial direction. A first radial gap, which is formed between the constant overlapping area and the plunger side-gap portion, is made larger than a second radial gap, which is formed between the temporal overlapping area and the plunger side-gap portion.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an electromagnetic valve actuator having an armature between upper and lower electromagnets with a stem extending through one electromagnet and guided by a bushing with increased clearance about at least a portion of the inner circumference in at least a middle portion of the bushing to reduce oil shear length and associated viscous friction in the actuator. A two-piece intake/exhaust valve guide includes a lower half with a stepped outer diameter cooperating with a counter-bored hole in the cylinder head to provide a positive stop. The upper and lower halves of the valve guide have increased clearance relative to the valve stem around at least a portion of the inner circumference to reduce oil shear length and associated viscous friction. Reducing viscous friction of the actuator and associated valve guide improves system robustness by decreasing the system sensitivity to temperature.

Abstract: A guide of a coil device has a tongue portion, which is formed by resin integrally with the guide at a location radially outward of a slit of a yoke and axially extends toward an opening part of the yoke such that a distal end part of the tongue portion is resiliently bendable while exerting a resilient force. The tongue portion is resiliently engaged with a flange portion of a stator core upon filling of the coil device to the stator core.

Abstract: A solenoid arrangement comprises a pole tube which is axially subdivided into a pole core section, a transition section, and a tube section. A magnetic flux between the pole core section and the tube section is interrupted by the transition section. An armature is movably guided in the pole tube and has, at its end facing the pole core section, a flange which axially projects from an end face. According to the invention, the pole core section has a stepped depression into which the armature can plunge and which, starting from the transition section, is subdivided into an annular collar, a shoulder, and a notch which is set back axially and radially. An axial dimension of the collar exceeds an axial dimension of the flange.

Abstract: The invention refers to a solenoid which comprises at least one armature supported in an armature space. The armature space is encircled by a coil carrying a number of windings which can be loaded with current. The magnetic field generated when loaded with current moves the armature against the pole core. In the armature a rebounding tappet is supported moving. Its tappet front facing the pole core projects, when not electrified, over the front of the armature.

Abstract: With variable airgap reluctance actuators problems arise due to the relationship between actuator mass and displacement range. By providing opposed surfaces in the actuator stator core and armature which have undulations typically in the form of grooves, slots and projections, a greater displacement range can be achieved whilst maintaining performance above a rated displacement force characteristic. In such circumstances by establishing a necessary rated displacement force characteristic, an actuator can be tailored and designed to meet that characteristic over a desired displacement range which has significantly less mass in comparison with a prior actuator arrangement having flat surfaces.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator includes a generally cylindrical armature captured to a generally annular coil tube by means of interference geometry. A major portion of the coil tube has a first inside diameter and a second portion of the coil tube has a second, smaller inside diameter. A first portion of the armature has an outside diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the first portion of the coil tube, and a second portion of the armature has an outside diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the second portion of the coil tube. The armature is inserted within the coil tube such that the second portion of the armature is free to slide through the second end of the coil tube. A coil tube end closure, for example, a plug, is joined to the first portion of the coil tube. An O-ring provides a seal between the end closure and the tube. A wound electromagnetic coil surrounds the coil tube and can be selectively energized to displace the armature.

Abstract: A solenoid assembly for use in connection with a housing and valve body is provided. The assembly includes a magnetic coil, a magnetic pole piece, an operating rod, a magnetic armature, and at least two bearings positioned between a portion of the magnetic pole piece and a portion of the operating rod. The operating rod is slidably disposed along the bearings. The magnetic armature is at least in part centered relative to the pole piece. Activation of the coil provides an attraction between the armature and the pole piece.

Abstract: A self-guided armature assembly for a single pole solenoid assembly includes an armature stem and an armature. The solenoid assembly includes a flux ring component and an actuator body. The armature is movable inside the flux ring. An axial air gap is defined between the top armature surface of the armature and a bottom stator surface of a stator assembly. A sliding air gap is defined between an inner diameter surface of the flux ring and an outer diameter surface of the armature. The self-guided armature is guided along the flux ring via a guiding interaction between the armature and the flux ring. The sliding air gap is smaller than the axial air gap. A stem clearance gap is defined between the armature stem and the actuator body. The sliding air gap is also smaller than the stem clearance gap.

Abstract: The present invention provides the actuator, which is capable of preventing biased abrasion by lowering a surface pressure at a contact portion of a movable element with a guide surface and increasing a movable range, in which a specified output force can be gained. Magnetic resistance of at least one of the surfaces (Y1, Y2) of first and second yoke parts (5, 6) corresponding to peripheral surfaces (P1, P2) of a plunger (7), on which magnetic flux acting surfaces are formed by energization, is unbalanced in the circumferential direction so as to act a resultant force of magnetic forces acting on the movable element in the radial direction eccentrically to a radial one end (E1) side.

Abstract: A valve including a shutter placed in a chamber which is arranged in the valve body and whose end is provided with a seat against which a plug-forming part of the shutter is pressed in the closed position of the valve and is remote in the open position thereof. The inventive valve also includes a magnetic control device provided with the shutter magnetic drive device disposed outside the chamber and displacing the shutter in the closed or open position thereof. The valve is characterized in that the magnetic control device includes at least one ball which is made of a magnetic material, disposed in the chamber and is coupled with an external magnetic drive device, wherein the ball is associated with the shutter in such a way that the shutter is driven in the chamber when the ball is moved by a magnetic drive device.

Abstract: A solenoid assembly for use in connection with a housing and valve body is provided. The assembly includes a magnetic coil, a magnetic pole piece, an operating rod, a magnetic armature, and at least two bearings positioned between a portion of the magnetic pole piece and a portion of the operating rod. The operating rod is slidably disposed along the bearings. The magnetic armature is at least in part centered relative to the pole piece. Activation of the coil provides an attraction between the armature and the pole piece.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a MEMS switch that is fully integratable in a semiconductor fabrication line. The method consists of forming two posts, each end thereof terminating in a cap; a rigid movable conductive plate having a surface terminating in a ring in each of two opposing edges, the rings being loosely connected to guiding posts; forming upper and lower electrode pairs and upper and lower interconnect wiring lines connected and disconnected by the rigid movable conductive plate. The conductive plate moves up, shorting two upper interconnect wirings lines. Conversely, the conductive plate moves down when the voltage is applied to the lower electrode pair, while the upper electrode pair is grounded, shorting the two lower interconnect wiring lines and opening the upper wiring lines.

Abstract: A highly efficient electromagnetic actuator which can reduce leakage of the magnetic flux is provided. The electromagnetic actuator comprises a first coil 31, a movable body 2 adapted to move on the central axis of the first coil 31, a first stator 11 covering the top face, bottom face and outer peripheral face of the first coil 31, and a permanent magnet 15 adapted to firmly latch the movable body 2 at one end point of its movable range. A second stator 12 adapted to control the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet 15 is provided in succession with the first stator 11. By providing the second stator 12, when releasing the movable body 2 from its firmly latched state, the permanent magnet 15 is not inversely excited or demagnetized.

Abstract: A method includes forming a signal line on the substrate so as to have a predetermined opening portion; at least one supporting frame each formed on the substrate at both sides of the signal line; a ground line formed on the substrate between the supporting frame and the signal line; a moving plate fixed to the supporting frame at both sides thereof, the moving plate being movable upward and downward; a switching unit positioned on the moving plate, the switching unit comprising contact means for connecting the opened signal line; and a supporting layer for supporting the moving plate and the switching unit, wherein the supporting layer comprises a support protrusion portion for maintaining a distance from the substrate.

Abstract: An auto-aligning and connecting structure used to connect and align an electronic device and an accessory, wherein a plurality of first magnetic bodies are disposed on a first surface of the electrical device and a plurality of second magnetic bodies are disposed on a second surface of the accessory. The magnetic pole of the first magnetic bodies and the second magnetic bodies are appropriately arranged so the first magnetic bodies and the second magnetic bodies can attract each other when the first surface and the second surface approach each other. Then, the electronic device and the accessories are connected to each other when the first surface and the second surface connect.

Abstract: An inline electromagnetic tool actuator incorporates an actuator housing, an elongated armature, a tool assembly, spaced-apart return magnets, at least one drive magnet, and at least one magnet wire. The elongated armature is located inside the housing, and is adapted for reciprocating linear movement along a notional assembly axis. The tool assembly is operatively attached to the armature. The return magnets are located inside the housing, and are coaxially aligned with the armature. The return magnets have respective inward facing surfaces defining respective magnetic poles. The drive magnet is affixed to the armature, and is arranged between the return magnets. The drive magnet has opposing outward facing surfaces each of like polarity to adjacent inward facing surfaces of the return magnets. The magnet wire is coiled about the armature.