Abstract: The electromagnetic actuator has fixed and movable electromagnets. Each of both electromagnets has a plurality of slots formed in a substantially flat plane of a core member, and coil elements disposed in each slot so that directions of current in each slot are reversed alternately. The fixed and movable electromagnets are housed in a housing, with the respective slot-formed planes facing each other. Both electromagnets are excited at the same time, and resultant magnetic attraction or repulsion between both electromagnets causes the movable magnet to move. The movement of the movable magnet is derived by pickup means. By means of the utilization of attraction and repulsion between the electromagnets, a high speed operation can be achieved.

Abstract: A miniaturized electromechanical relay (1) having an armature (14) and a spring assembly (13) mounting contacts with a magnetic core member (15) for activating the armature to operate the spring assembly to engage and disengage the contacts. The magnetic core member is formed of hard and soft magnetic powdered materials (150, 151) sintered together to form a fused boundary therebetween for returning magnetic flux generated by the magnetic core pole areas through the fused boundary and the soft magnetic powdered materials.

Abstract: A U-shaped ferro-magnetic pole frame has a circular recess formed in the closed end thereof with a plurality of peripherally spaced raised lugs formed in the recess. A tubular ferro-magnetic pole piece, adapted for insertion into an electrical coil, has one end thereof clamped temporarily against the lugs and current is passed therethrough for effecting resistance welding of the pole piece to the pole frame and the clamp is then removed.

Abstract: Upon excitation of the electromagnet, a clapper armature is pulled into an operating gap, being increasingly additionally attracted by the pole of an electromagnet yoke leg.The motional plane of the clapper armature extends perpendicularly to the plane of the magnetic flux of the yoke structure of the electromagnet.

Abstract: An electromagnetic solenoid for use with a fluid control valve is disclosed in which a fixed iron core and a casing for housing a solenoid coil can be fabricated separately from each other without difficulty, and in which the configuration and the clearance between the fixed iron core and a movable iron core or the length of the extension of the fixed iron core from an end wall of the casing can be readily changed in accordance with the desired magnetic attraction characteristics thereof as required. The cylindrical casing has an end wall formed at its one end and is open at its other end, the open end being closed by an end cap member to form a yoke for a magnetic circuit. The fixed iron core is adapted to be separably connected with the end wall of the casing.

Abstract: An improved solenoid is disclosed. The improvement consists of injection molding one or more components of the magnetic return circuit of the solenoid, particularly the magnetically permeable can, from a polymer having a filler of soft magnetic material at preferably a 20-63% by volume loading level. The injection molded polymer filled solenoid has higher efficiencies than expected based on the decrease in total metal content.

Abstract: An actuating magnet is provided for a circuit interrupter. The magnet yoke is assembled from three solid segments of magnetic material to produce a U-shaped core. One or more coils are disposed on the core loop, and the center of the yoke is interrupted by a series of aligned holes.

Abstract: A polarized electromagnetic relay apparatus for assembling a coil spool with a terminal carrying base plate is disclosed. The coil spool assembly has a front collar with a projecting piece. The projecting piece is adapted to engage with a latch hole in the terminal carrying base plate. The terminal carrying base plate has jaw-like, offset portions which engage with supporting offset portions formed in the rear collar of the coil spool assembly. The flexible projecting pieces may be of deformable material in order to easily engage with the latch hole of the base plate. The flexible projecting pieces can be tapered, also to facilitate engagement with the base plate latch hole. A terminal holder is formed on the rear collar of the coil spool assembly and is adapted to receive terminals from the coil. The terminal holder comprises the supporting offset portions which engage with the jaw-like offset portions of the base plate. The terminal holder is of a greater thickness than the base plate.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electromagnetic actuator which is provided with an electromagnet and a movable core which can be attracted by the electromagnet. The electromagnet is formed by a small plate having on its front surface facing the core a plurality of grooves in which are housed respective substantially rectilinear conductor elements. The conductor elements are electrically connected together in such a way as to define on the surface a plurality of elementary magnets disposed alongside one another and having alternately opposite polarity.

Abstract: The polarized, electromagnetic relay includes a magnet frame, relative to conduit rabbets, with angles-off yoke arrangement, which includes two separated, parallel-arranged yokes, as well as a permanent magnet that lies therebetween and between anchor plates. The two yokes are L-shaped and formed exactly identical, whereby their core shanks stretch over the entire length of the exciter coil, and lie next to each other in the region of the exciter coil. Thereby a mechanically and electrically absolutely symmetrical magnet frame results, whose asymmetry is compensated by losses arising from the air gap. Through the use of individual yokes there ensues a simple assembly in the spring jack, which functions as holding element for all of the parts.

Abstract: A relay is disclosed which is sufficiently miniaturized for use in a DIP socket. It employs tapered switching contacts for obtaining maximum deflection with a given force. Novel adjustable fixed contacts are employed. The solenoid portion is designed to avoid offset adjustment problems and maximize the efficiency of magnetic coupling.

Abstract: A proportional solenoid has a fixed pole piece 39 and a movable armature 45, both fitted into the bore 52 of a guide tube 36 that provides the required concentricity between the fixed and movable pole pieces 39 and 45. One of the pole pieces has a cylindrical recess 56 and the other pole piece has a reduced diameter cylindrical nose 62 that is complementary to cylindrical recess 56. A radially inwardly facing frusto-conical surface 95 is formed in cylindrical nose 62 to be disposed within recess 56 of the other pole piece and provide a frusto-conical pole piece section producing a linear force-stroke curve.

Abstract: An improved power-switching relay especially designed for mounting on printed circuit boards together with a method for manufacturing such a relay. The relay includes a number of features designed to properly position the various relay components relative to one another and to help ensure that they remain in the proper position at all times. To this end, the relay includes a unitary bobbin (22) and stationary contact support header (33) together with means (64) for firmly retaining the stationary contacts (34, 36) and their terminals (63, 73) in place in the header. The relay also provides means to prevent rotation of the armature relative to the movable contact assembly (53, 54) and to prevent rotation of the coil assembly relative to the frame (35). According to a further aspect of the invention, the core and coil assembly is attached to the relay frame by extending the core through the coil assembly and press-fitting the core into an extruded hole (14) in the frame.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device includes a stator structure defining spaced circumferential grooves in which are wound windings. Pole pieces are disposed between adjacent grooves and each pole piece has an axial slot in its periphery and a tangential slot formed in one side face, the tangential slot extending from the axial slot to adjacent the base wall of the groove. The slots accommodate the interconnection between the windings in adjacent grooves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solenoid having a pole and armature construction wherein, when a predetermined constant current is applied to the solenoid winding, the magnetic force attracting the armature toward the pole decreases as the armature is moved in one direction relative to the pole and, the distance the armature is moved is substantially proportional to the current applied to the winding. These operating characteristics are achieved by a solenoid having a field member provided with a pole portion on one end thereof, and having an armature connected to the opposite end for movement relative to the pole portion. The armature is provided with an edge portion which is spaced from the pole portion to define an air gap therebetween. The pole portion produces a magnetic field which exerts a magnetic force on the armature edge portion in one direction relative to the pole portion.

Abstract: A valve (10) comprising a first (16) and a second port (18), a valve seat (20) positioned about an axis in communication with one of the ports (16, 18), electromagnetic means (40, 42, 92, 96, 98, 100, 102, 110) for defining a preferred magnetic flux path for selectively opening and closing communication through the valve seat (20) comprising means (110) for directing the magnetic flux to flow around the coil including a metallic strap (110) positioned in surrounding relation to the coil. The valve including piston means (96, 98, 100, 102) including a piston (96) aligned with the valve seat including a spring (100) for biasing the piston (96) towards the valve seat, the piston moveable in response to magnetic flux and a metallic element (92) being substantially aligned to the piston and including one end positioned apart from and adjacent to the spring forming part of the magnetic flux path, and another end in contacting engagement with the metallic strap.

Abstract: The magnetic actuator part of a gas safety valve is constructed with a C-shaped insulator which grips the base portion of a U-shaped magnet that is fastened to a base. The base has welded to it a projecting contact pin. The coil of the electromagnet is fusion welded at both its ends: at its first end it is attached to a plate which connects to the center pin; at its second end it is attached to the contact pin to which it lies transverse. The construction facilitates good electrical connections between dissimilar materials and permits rapid assembly by a robot.

Abstract: A vacuum contactor having a compact DC electromagnet with an improved force watts ratio. The DC electromagnet consisting of a dual pickup coil and holding coil winding assembly and a solid U-shaped core having removable legs secured to a base with an adhesive backed aluminum shim positioned intermediate the legs and base, the ampere turns of the pickup coil being approximately 7.5 times those of the holding coil with the legs of the core being approximately 1/3 the length of those in a conventional DC electromagnet having substantially the same force watts ratio. The shorter legs of the core reduce magnetic losses and provide increased magnetic coupling with the moving armature of the contactor closing mechanism. This allows the smaller magnet to exert a greater force upon the armature during closing of the vacuum interrupter. With decreased magnetic losses, the size of the windings can be reduced, facilitating removal of the heat generated therein and producing a small, efficient magnet.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device comprises a stator structure having a central pole piece and axially spaced end pole pieces on opposite sides thereof. The device also includes an axially movable armature surrounding the stator structure and having a step which defines with said central pole piece an air gap extending in the direction of relative movement of the armature and stator structure. End portions of the armature define air gaps with the end pole pieces which extend normally to the axis of movement of the armature. The stator structure mounts a pair of windings on opposite sides of the central pole piece, the windings being connected so that when energized the magnetic flux due to the windings will flow in the same direction through the central pole piece.

Abstract: A multiple magnet core unit for relays of teleprinters and the like has a non-magnetic cast metal frame providing an elongated platform for one or more rows of upstanding magnetic metal core fingers which are transversely spaced along the length of the platform and have integral depending anchoring tabs cast in situ in the non-magnetic metal. The fingers are U-shaped with each upstanding leg having the metal grain extending lengthwise thereof and adapted to receive a coil therearound to provide an electromagnet and with the tab depending from the bight portion of the U integrally anchored to and surrounded by the cast metal. To produce the unit, the core fingers are mounted in transverse slots of an elongated holder with the tabs on the fingers projecting beyond the holder. A pair of holders are mounted in a die casting machine to span the molding cavity and the casting is formed around the tabs. Supporting pins prevent the weight of the holders from warping the casting as it is ejected from the mold cavity.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay comprising a bobbin on which a winding is wound, a base block on which an armature and contact elements are mounted, an approximately U-shaped magnetic pole piece, and an approximately U-shaped magnetic yoke piece. The long tongues of the magnetic pole piece and the magnetic yoke piece are inserted into the bobbin, while the short tongues of the magnetic pole piece and the magnetic yoke piece are inserted with a gap into the base block.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dot printer head which includes a plurality of cores each having a mounting portion which is contacted with a core holding face of a permanent magnet and a post-like projection for mounting an electromagnetic coil thereon. The height of the mounting portion is made relatively small while the area of the mounting portion is made larger than the area of the cross section of the post-like projection. Due to this arrangement, sufficient magnetic fluxes are provided to the cores and magnetic interference between adjacent cores is reduced.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator for performing an individual stepping, switch or impact movement consists of an electromagnetic actuator and a pivoted or rocking armature moving. The rotational design of the electromagnetic actuator enables only one excitation coil to serve a plurality of magnetic gaps.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device includes an electromagnet having one electrical coil and an annular member of high permeability having a pair of radially spaced first and second circumferential magnetic resistance portions. The first and second armatures are disposed in opposed relation to the first and second magnetic resistance portions, respectively. At least one of the first and second magnetic resistance portions is interrupted by circumferentially spaced magnetic bridge portions having such a size as to allow a predetermined amount of magnetic flux to pass therethrough to attract the one of the first and second armatures, disposed in opposed relation to the other of the first and second magnetic resistance portions, into contact with the annular member when excitation current of lower magnitude is applied to the coil. When excitation current of higher magnitude is applied to the coil, the magnetic flux passes through the first and second armatures, thereby attracting them into contact with the annular member.

Abstract: A magnet assembly is made up by a plurality of magnet modules each having a permanent magnet adapted to attract a rotatable armature into engagement with the pole pieces of the module. Each module also includes an electromagnetic coil having an axis disposed perpendicular to the pole pieces. When energized, the coil produces flux which causes the permanent magnet flux to bypass the armature and enable release of the armature from the pole pieces.

Abstract: The solenoid actuator of this invention is provided with a magnetic flanged member for reinforcing the bobbin structure and reducing the magnetic resistance having a flanged portion and a cylindrical portion and inserted said cylindrical portion, whose inner surface is coated with a thin film made of feeble or non-magnetic and wear-resistant material, into the central aperture in a non-magnetic reel-shaped bobbin wound therearound with an energizing coil, and a movable core inserted into the central aperture in the bobbin is guided along the cylindrical portion of the flanged member, whereby the frictional abrasion caused by the sliding movement between the cylindrical portion of the flanged member and the movable core is suppressed and the frictional force caused by the uneven abutment between the outer surface of the movable core and the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the flanged member is made relatively small to suppress the reduction of the attraction force between the stationary core and th

Abstract: An electromagnet system for electromagnetic switchgear, the system having movable and stationary magnet portions, the stationary magnet portion having a pole surface wherein slots are provided for inserting a short-circuit ring. The slots are arranged so that the short-circuit ring may be substituted with a pole plate which extends beyond the pole surface on all sides. The pole plate has an opening which corresponds to the size of the pole surface. The opening is provided with two straps thereacross which can be inserted into the slots. This arrangement permits operation of the electromagnet system in response to AC, as well as DC, excitation.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic relay, an electromagnet is constructed from an approximately U-shaped magnetic pole piece, an approximately U-shaped magnetic yoke, and an armature. One side leg of the magnetic pole piece, one side leg of the magnetic yoke, and the armature are accomodated in the central hole of a bobbin so that the efficiency of the conversion of electrical power into a driving force is increased.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device having a ferromagnetic core having first and second legs and a third leg wherein opposed pole faces define a gap. A source of latching flux retains an armature in contact with one of either of the pole faces. A primary coil and a secondary coil are coupled in tandem to the first leg of the ferromagnetic core. The second leg is saturable under the cumulative flux created in the first leg when the secondary coil allows only a unidirectional flux flow in the first leg. The saturation of the second leg transfers a portion of the operating flux from the second leg to the gap operably moving the armature mounted therein.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator of high performance comprising a coil surrounded externally with a magnetic frame and having a stationary core disposed therein, with a movable core attracted to the stationary core upon energizing the coil being disposed axially slidably, wherein the magnetic frame comprises a pair of magnetic frame parts each fabricated from a sheet material by bending the sheet so as to define a top plate and a bottom plate integrally joined with a side plate for covering the top, bottom and side of the coil, and the pair of magnetic frame parts are assembled to each other with their top plates and bottom plates being overlapped to each other, to thereby provide simplified structure and easy assembling.

Abstract: An actuating magnet, particularly a direct current electromagnet, has a cylindrical magnetically permeable shell or cover made from a rectangular sheet of metal bent into a square cylinder, the edges of the sheet forming a gap. Pole plates on the ends of the shell have recesses on their edges to receive projections on the shell. The pole plates have recesses in the corners, leaving the corners uncovered to receive fastening screws.

Abstract: A low reluctance transformer core utilizing first and second members, each having a leg element tapered in opposite directions. The tapered leg elements have continuous tapered interfaces designed to cooperatively mate with a wedging action forming a low reluctance leg.

Abstract: An electromagnet is proposed which is intended in particular for controlling a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines. The electromagnetic includes a flat armature and a magnetic winding applied to a shell core of ferromagnetic material. In order to minimize the spatial dimensions of the magnetic circuit and to improve the rapidity of operation of the electromagnet, the quotient A/l.sub.m, where A is the window surface area of the shell core and l.sub.m is the average winding length of the magnetic coil, is selected to be as small as possible. Furthermore, the magnetic circuit is embodied such that at the onset of the attracting movement of the flat armature, a magnetic induction B which is approximately 70% of the saturation induction prevails in the vicinity of the two axially acting air gaps, which have magnetic surface areas, A.sub.1, A.sub.2 of approximately equal size.

Abstract: An improved electromagnet assembly is disclosed for use in electrically actuated drum brakes. The electromagnet assembly has a cup shaped stamped metal housing. A center pole is mounted in a central opening in the housing which has stepped edges so as to alternately engage the center pole and form arcuate gaps about the center pole. A flux washer is positioned on the center pole to bridge the gaps for increasing the efficiency of the electromagnet. A solenoid winding is positioned within the opening defined by the housing, the flux washer and the center pole and the opening is closed with a friction material.

Abstract: A cylindrical core is fixed by electrical welding on an arm of a magnetic pot element, the other arms of the pot element being worked to create second polar surfaces at a predetermined distance from the first polar surface of the free end of the core, a magnetizable ring may be fixed on the end in such a manner that the first polar face is situated, after deformation, at a distance from the second polar surfaces.

Abstract: Pole piece structures for permanent magnets and electromagnets, more particularly for superconducting electromagnets, and pole piece extensions and shields adapted, separately and in combination, to achieve a high concentration of the magnetic flux along the principal magnetic axis of the pole pieces, and preventing magnetic flux leakage and dispersion. The pole pieces are preferably conical or frusto-conical, or in the form of hollow cylinders or conical cylinders or, alternatively, provided with a tapered step ending in a pointed cylinder, a flat cylinder, or a hollow cylinder. The pole piece configurations provide a high concentration of magnetic flux intensity in the magnetic gap between the pole pieces either along the centerline of the pole pieces or in a cylindrical space disposed axially along the centerline of the pole pieces.

Abstract: An electrical relay assembly is shown having a mounting base carrying a plurality of electrical terminals extending from one side thereof (for connection to associated electrical circuits) and a relay winding and armature at the other side thereof; the ends of the relay winding are effectively isolated as to prevent breakage of the wire comprising the winding due to any vibrations or shock induced as into the mounting base; the armature is provided with bearing surfaces which effectively minimize and reduce frictional resistance to movement of the armature; and a housing is illustrated as being capable of being secured by various mounting apparatus to associated support structure.

Abstract: An electromagnetic clutch having an energizing device including a cylindrical yoke assembly composed of a yoke member and a yoke holder, and a winding housed in the yoke assembly. The yoke member has an outer cylindrical wall and an inner cylindrical wall constituting a double wall cylindrical structure, and a doughnut-shaped bottom wall connecting the outer and inner cylindrical walls together. The outer cylindrical wall is tapering in going from the bottom wall toward the upper end, and the inner cylindrical wall has a constant thickness lower portion of a predetermined height contiguous with the bottom wall and a tapering portion contiguous with the constant thickness lower portion and having its thickness successively reduced in going toward the upper end. The inner cylindrical wall has an annular groove formed on its inner circumferential surface in its constant thickness lower portion.

Abstract: A magnetically operated switch especially useful in telephone applications includes a transformer having a plurality of windings on an E-frame core and a reed switch magnetically coupled to the core by a plurality of high permeability strips which are placed in juxtaposition with the core and which have rolled end portions for supportably receiving the reed switch. The switch may be used in a hybrid junction for dial pulse detection.

Abstract: An electromagnet for brakes and clutches having outer and inner poles and an electrical coil for creating a magnetic field between these poles is provided having a circumferential gap in the forward portion of the outer pole. The gap reduces the flux density over the forward portion of the magnet face while increasing the flux density over the rearward portion. The variable flux density over the magnet face thus establishes an unbalance of forces attracting the magnet toward the armature plate causing the magnet to engage the armature plate heel first thereby eliminating "squeal" caused by magnet gouging and two plane wear of the magnet's friction face.

Abstract: The field shell of an electromagnet is formed with angularly spaced flanges which define a magnetic pole and which also serve as a mounting hub for a coil assembly consisting of a bobbin and a multiple turn winding. Resilient fingers on the bobbin snap into openings in the flanges to hold the bobbin and the shell in assembled relationship. Tabs are located between and project inwardly from the flanges and are used to mount the shell in a fixed position.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve comprises a magnetic circuit formed by a stationary core and a movable core, or armature pivoted at one end of the stationary core and rotatable continuously between first and second positions with a free end positioned in opposed relation to the other end of the stationary core with an air gap therebetween. The armature is spring biased so as to remain in the first position and carries a valve head for engagement with a valve seat. The opposing ends of the stationary and movable cores are so shaped as to form in the air gap a first working section in which the main magnetic flux generates a vector component transverse to the length of the armature and a second working section in which the main magnetic flux generates a vector component parallel to the length of the armature. The resulting vector makes the angular displacement of the armature linearly proportional to the supply current.

Abstract: In electromagnetic clutches or brakes in which the armature closes against the pole pieces of the coil without leaving an air gap, the faces of the poles or armature, or both, are broken up into smaller areas by annular grooves to reduce the lodgement and retention of contaminating and magnetically inhibiting particles resulting from wear.

Abstract: A printout device for calculators and the like includes a plurality of print segments, each encased in elastomer and embedded in a rigid block with the lower, indicia forming ends flush with the lower surface of the block. The upper end of each print segment is provided with a diametrically extending slot. Disposed above each print segment and axially aligned therewith is an electromagnetic driver element which is provided with a diametrically extending bar or key projecting from the lower surface thereof. With the electromagnet unactuated, downward pressure applied to the upper surface of the block will drive the key into the aligned slot so that no force will be transmitted to the printing segment. Actuation of the electromagnet will cause the key to be attracted to the upper extremities of the printing segment as it approaches it, causing the key to misalign with the slot and impinge on the upper surface of the printing segment.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay has an angled yoke affixed to a first end of a magnetizable coil core and extending parallel to said core to an end spaced radially adjacant an opposite end of the core. An armature is pivotally supported upon the free end of the yoke for movement toward and away from said opposite end of the core. The yoke is formed with a recess or slot in its free end which engages a lateral projection from a flange affixed about said opposite end of the core. The projection cooperates with the yoke recess to fix the free end of the yoke in lateral and radial position with respect to the core. The projection and recess align the yoke in position parallel to the core during assembly of the relay, assuring good magnetic contact beween the core and the yoke at the point of attachment. The recess and projection also reinforce the assembly against mechanical displacement of the yoke during service with consequent breaking or impairment of the magnetic circuit connection.

Abstract: An electromagnet for use in electric brakes and similar type clutches which will apply balanced friction face pressure against a rotating armature face despite the additional, externally imposed, pressures which are directed to its leading edge by tipping moments existing at its point of restraint. The electromagnet departs from conventional design in that a non-magnetic wear or friction face replaces a sufficient area of the outer magnetic pole face on the leading edge of the electromagnet to insure that the externally imposed forces on the leading edge of the electromagnet are balanced by the magnetic linkage forces existing in the rest of the electromagnet faces. Balanced friction face pressure greatly increases the performance and useful life of an electromagnet and the electric brake or clutch system which it actuates.

Abstract: An electro-magnet includes a pole-piece having a portion of reduced cross-section. The shape of the reduced portion provides a restriction in the magnetic circuit such that the distance moved, against a biasing force, by an armature of the electro-magnet is proportional to the current in the electro-magnet winding. The pole piece comprises aligned parts of nickel-iron alloy joined by a soft iron part whose cross-section is less than that of the nickel-iron alloy parts.