Abstract: Variable-force contacts that may provide a large and stable contact force in a mated state, may provide a large difference in contact force between the mated and an unmated state, and may reduce stray flux in an unmated state. Examples may replace physical springs with magnetic force for improved reliability. These examples may position the magnets to reduce stray flux in an unmated state.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuating apparatus with an armature unit, which is guided axially in a housing and is capable of being moved by means of energizing a coil apparatus, contact plug means, which are held in an insulator unit, being associated with the coil apparatus, and an elongated ground contact of the contact plug means being electrically conductively connected to the housing, and the ground contact interacting electrically conductively at an engagement end which is opposite its free end with a yoke section, which is associated with the housing preferably at the front end, in such a way that, in a fitted state, a cutout formed in the engagement end in the ground contact engages over a projection of the yoke section and/or at least partially surrounds it.

Abstract: A polarized electromagnetic relay including an electromagnet assembly, a contact section insulated from the electromagnet assembly, and a force transfer member disposed between the electromagnetic assembly and the contact section. The electromagnet assembly includes an electromagnet, an armature driven by the electromagnet, and a permanent magnet carried on the armature. The armature includes first and second electrically conductive plate elements holding the permanent magnet therebetween in a direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet and disposed to orient the direction of magnetization in parallel with the center axis of the coil. The armature is arranged linearly movably in a direction parallel with the center axis in a state where a part of the first electrically conductive plate element is inserted into a space between the outer peripheral region of the iron core head portion and the distal end region of the yoke major portion.

Abstract: A forcibly guided relay is disclosed, with a housing, whose height is smaller than its width and whose width is smaller than its length. With this, the relay comprises an electromagnetic drive filling the length or the width of the relay, with a clapper-type contactor which comprises a drive arm which extends in the direction of the core and at its free end cooperates with a drive cam; several contact pairs, which are in each case formed by a contact spring and a fixed or spring-like counter-contact said contact springs extending in the direction of the core, and with the drive ends being in a forcibly guided engagement with the drive cam.

Abstract: A multiposition microswitch that includes a cavity, a mobile portion made of a deformable material extending above the cavity, at least three conductive tracks extending on the cavity bottom, and a contact pad on the lower surface of the mobile part. The mobile part is capable of deforming, under the action of a stressing mechanism, from an idle position where the contact pad is distant from the conductive tracks to an on position from among several distinct on positions. The contact pad electrically connects, in each distinct on position, at least two of the at least three conductive tracks, at least one of the conductive tracks connected to the contact pad in each distinct on position being different from the conductive tracks connected to the contact pad in the other distinct on positions.

Abstract: A piece-part microactuator (220), or micromotor, manufacturing approach is presented. In this approach, two of the NiFe parts (221,223) and dielectric and copper (225) piece-parts are manufactured separately. This allows the NiFe parts (221,223) to be designed in a manner to maximize the thickness of the metal, which in turn increases the magnetic properties of the motor. The dielectric and copper coils piece-part (225) may be based upon a thin film interconnect (222) or some derivative of a standard flex circuit printed wiring board. These piece-parts (221,223,225) may be tested individually, defective parts discarded, and only functional units assembled. This not only produces a mechanically balanced construction, but has lower cost due to non-sequential manufacturing steps.

Abstract: An inexpensive electromagnetic relay with a simple configuration is provided which does not require a sliding core to attain the desired operating characteristics. The electromagnetic relay includes a movable component which is supported on an upper end of a coil block in a way that the movable component can freely rotate. The movable component further comprises a movable contact element and a movable iron member. The movable contact element and the movable iron member are isolated from each other by a retainer. The movable contact element, movable iron member and retainer all form a single piece. The retainer further comprises a first retainer portion for retaining the movable contact element, and a second retainer portion for retaining the movable iron member. The first and second retainer portions are also formed into a single piece.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay is provided with a coil body that is preferably composed of ceramic with a winding and a U-shaped core yoke whose ends are bridged by a flat armature. The armature actuates an insulating switching spring made of ceramic or a similar material that, crosses the armature at about a 90.degree. angle, and extends between the ends of the core yoke and bridges two cooperating contacts at its movable end with a bridge contact. The relay can be utilized even in a very small design at high ambient temperatures.

Abstract: An armature-mounting arrangement for a hinged-armature relay includes a yoke (3), an armature (1) positioned at an end portion of the yoke, and an armature holding spring (2) which has at least one switching contact thereon and which is mechanically coupled to the armature. The armature holding spring is formed as one piece with a return spring (5) for the armature and also with spring hooks (4). Each of the spring hooks has a first portion (4a) lying substantially flat on an outer side of the armature and a second portion (4b) extending from the first portion about the armature and lying almost flat against an outer surface of the yoke. This armature-mounting arrangement is a particularly uncomplicated and cost effective structure and its operation is also not particularly sensitive to fabrication tolerances of the armature and the yoke.

Abstract: A relay has a coil form, preferably made of ceramic, with a winding and a U-shaped core yoke, whose ends are bridged by a flat armature. The armature actuates an insulating switching spring, made of ceramic or a similar material, which bridges two counter-contacts with a bridge contact on its movable end. The relay can be used at high ambient temperature, even with a very small construction.

Abstract: A relay is formed by a magnet system containing a wound coil body, an L-shaped core arranged axially therein, an L-shaped armature and a base element with terminal elements. Stationary and moving contact elements are arranged between the base element and the magnet system. The armature is mounted with the free end of its transverse leg at the free end of the longitudinal leg of the core. The armature is secured through a U-shaped armature spring wrapping around the armature. The spring is secured with one arm at the longitudinal leg of the armature and a second arm is inserted in a recess between the coil body and the core. The actuation of the moving contact elements is provided via a slide coupled to the armature. This slide is hooked to the armature by spring tabs of the armature spring at opposing sides of the armature through snap latches formed at the ends of the side arms of the slide.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay constructed as a hinged-armature relay in which an armature (5) is attached to a flat-shaped spring (6) which spring is constructed as one piece to serve both as a switch-contact spring and as a return spring and which is mechanically and electrically coupled to a load-current terminal (11), with the load-current terminal having a spring affixing area (11a) and a terminal area (11b), wherein the spring affixing area and the terminal area of the load-current terminal are bendable relative to one another. A response voltage of such a relay can be adjusted in a particularly uncomplicated and quick manner using a wedge-shaped adjusting tool (12) to bend the affixing area relative to the terminal area.

Abstract: In the case of the relay, an insulating wall which has at least three insulating layers is formed between the magnet system and a live metal part, in that the insulating wall is formed from a wall base having at least one insulating gap, and in that the insulating layer is formed in the insulating gap by insulating material which is inserted in liquid form and is subsequently cured.

Abstract: An electromagnetic switching device for controlling the flow of electrical current between a plurality of pins. The switching device includes a base, an input pin, first and second output pins, a reed, an actuator, a magnetic field generator, and generator pins. The reed and actuators are movable between a first position which electrically couples the first output pin and the input pin, and a second position which electrically couples the second output pin and the input pin. Dielectric compatible plastic material with enhanced shielding characteristics is located in apertures in the base to structurally retain the pins therein. The actuator further includes a center body portion, an arm integrally molded with the center body portion extending generally laterally outward therefrom, and a finger depending downwardly from the arm. The finger is structurally coupled to the movable reed to move the reed between its first and second positions.

Abstract: The relay has a magnet system with an armature that operates on a switching spring via an actuating element. This switching spring has a frame-shaped contact spring as well as a fork-shaped reset spring, intermeshed in one plane and mutually decoupled, whereby the reset spring guides the actuating element via at least two linkage points lying in a line parallel to the pivot axis. The relay of the present invention provides a compact construction with few individual parts and a very low-friction operation.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a winding, a magnetic core disposed within the winding, and an armature mounted for movement at a first end of the winding. At least one movable circuit contact is operably associated with the armature and movable with respect to at least one stationary contact mounted in the relay responsive to motion of the armature. An end plate is mounted at an opposing end of the winding and an insulating sheet is folded about a portion of the winding. The insulating sheet has first and second sides, with the first side being secured on one end to the end plate, and the second end disposed between the armature and the first end of the winding. An outer frame covers at least a portion of the insulating sheet. The insulating sheet functions to reduce the occurrence of voltage breakdown within the relay.

Abstract: A high-speed, high-reliability electromagnetic relay particularly adapted for use in electronic systems in a configuration suitable for signal frequencies from DC to about 8 GHz. A permanent magnet is embedded in a nonconductive material, which is adapted to loosely receive a mid-portion of a contact reed. The embedded permanent magnet serves as a slider. One end of the contact reed is pivotally connected to an input pin of the relay, such that the contact reed can pivot from a first position to a second position while remaining in electrical contact with the input pin. The slider is situated such that the other end of the contact reed is normally in electrical contact with a first output pin, held there by magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet to the relay electromagnet. When the electromagnet of the relay is activated, the slider is repelled from the electromagnet, causing the contact reed to be pivoted away from the first contact pin until it stops in electrical contact against a second output pin.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a moving block assembly which is selectively attracted by the energization of the electromagnet in the relay and moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of an iron core within the electromagnet, thus actuating a movable contact support. The moving block and the movable contact support slide together, thus preventing wobbling of the movable block assembly within the relay.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a coil wound around a core both of whose ends project therefrom. A yoke extends parallel thereto, and each of its ends is formed with two pole pieces which extend towards and lie one on each side of an end of the core with a certain gap being defined therebetween. A connecting member extends parallel to the core and the yoke and is mounted so as to be movable transversely, and means are provided for establishing and breaking some electrical connection according to such transverse movement. There are provided two armature pieces, one for each end of the core and both fixed to the connecting member. Each armature piece includes a permanent magnet plate and two plates of magnetic material fixed to it so as generally to form a C shape with one of the magnetic material plates being magnetized to be a north pole and the other a south pole.

Abstract: An improved solenoid adapted for use in a solenoid actuated valve or switch is disclosed. Increased speed of operation and increased capacity result from the incorporation of a plate or disc type of armature which is relatively unrestrained with respect to the actuating mechanism for the valve or switch device to be operated thereby, whereby the effective air gap in the magnetic circuit may be substantially reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetically controlled switch with contacts wetted by a conductive liquid. It is characterized in that the wettable contact surfaces of the electrodes are selectively connected to one another by a wettable ferromagnetic moving element covered with mercury which is held solely by the surface tension forces of the mercury. The absence of any polarizing force and the lightness of the moving element enable the switch to operate with a minimal energy consumption and stabilize it against accelerations. Principal application to any low-power circuit and in particular to telephone circuits.

Abstract: The switch is mounted on a cantilever spring which has a contact that can be positioned over and engage individual contacts of a large bank of contacts. A device is mounted on the spring so as to be responsive to forces either electrostatic, magnetic, gas or liquid pressure. These forces selectively select one of the contacts of the bank of contacts.