Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further to cool the syngas.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rotary furnace that is designed for the heat treatment of solids comprising at least one rotary tube (1) into which the solids are introduced and a heating means outside of the rotary tube that makes it possible to conduct the heat treatment, characterized in that the rotary tube comprises—on its inside surface, in contact with the feedstock to be treated—at least 1 heating blade (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38). The invention also relates to the use of this furnace for conducting the roasting of solid biomass.

Abstract: A system for slurrifying drill cuttings including a cuttings dryer, a pump, and a transfer line fluidly connecting the cuttings dryer and the pump, the transfer line having a fluid inlet for receiving a fluid. Furthermore, the system for slurrifying drill cuttings including a storage vessel fluidly connected to the pump for storing a slurry. Additionally, a method for slurrifying drill cuttings including drying drill cuttings in a cuttings drying to produce dry cuttings and combining a fluid with the dry cuttings to produce a slurry. Furthermore, the method includes mixing the slurry and the dry cuttings in a mixing pump and transferring the slurry to a storage vessel.

Abstract: A system for slurrifying drill cuttings including a cuttings dryer, a pump, and a transfer line fluidly connecting the cuttings dryer and the pump, the transfer line having a fluid inlet for receiving a fluid. Furthermore, the system for slurrifying drill cuttings including a storage vessel fluidly connected to the pump for storing a slurry. Additionally, a method for slurrifying drill cuttings including drying drill cuttings in a cuttings drying to produce dry cuttings and combining a fluid with the dry cuttings to produce a slurry. Furthermore, the method includes mixing the slurry and the dry cuttings in a mixing pump and transferring the slurry to a storage vessel.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a plant for carrying out a process for drying solid organic substances in aqueous phase. The plant includes a turbodrier and a continuous drier connected downstream of said turbodrier.

Abstract: A rotary particle dryer has a shaft extending along an axis and a hollow drum coaxially and spacedly surrounding the shaft and rotatable about the axis in a direction. A set of axially extending inner baffles fixed to the shaft extend radially outward therefrom and each form at least one angularly open inner pocket. A set of axially extending outer baffles fixed to the drum extend radially inward therefrom and each form at least two angularly open outer pockets. Structure mechanically connects the inner baffles directly with the outer baffles.

Abstract: Directly heated rotary drums are used in the drying of pourable goods such as wood chips or strands. Drums are provided with built-in fixtures such as cross fixtures, in order to ensure good heat transmission from the drying gas to the goods. The invention comprises a design for a rotary drum (4) which enables good transmission of drying gas to the goods and which is cheap to produce and assemble in comparison with cross fixtures. According to the invention the built-in fixtures in the rotary drum (4) extend radially in the direction of the middle of the drum, starting from the perimeter, over an area of 60 to 85% of the radius of the rotary drum (4), form at least two pockets, and run, apart from the area close to the perimeter, substantially in the direction of rotation (25), in front of the radial starting from their point of attachment. These radially shaped built-in fixtures enable constant distribution of the goods over the cross-section and are substantially cheaper to manufacture and assemble.

Abstract: A spout-fluid bed drying system and process is comprised of a spout-fluid bed dryer having a conical shaped lower section provided with a packing of heat exchange particles. A cyclone separator is connected to the top of the dryer with separated particles collected by a receiver connected to the leg of the cyclone. A vapor fan compresses the air-vapor mixture before it goes to the heat recuperator and mixing chamber. A tube-shell type heat exchanger, wherein effluent gases from the vapor fan are preheated with heat exchange with the outcoming high temperature gases. A combustion and incineration chamber wherein a natural gas burner is installed at the top and the high temperature flame is used to incinerate the effluent gases introduced from the annulus channel of the chamber to have the odors and VOCs destroyed.

Abstract: A rotating drum (1) for cooling and separating castings and molding sand has a foraminous liner (27, 8). In a first part (28) thereof there are sand raising vanes (17) between this liner (27) and the closed wall (28) of the drum to raise sand, passing through the perforations in this liner part (28) to spray it over the castings. In a second, more downstream part (8) of the liner this liner part (8) intersects the theoretical sand level (13, 14) to lift the castings from the sand, so as to discharge the castings via liner part (9) and discharge edge (10) separately from the sand. The sand separated from the castings is taken up in a closed end part (5, 7) of the drum (1) having a discrete discharge edge (11) for discharging the sand at the downstream end in a narrow zone. This gives a drum with high cooling and separating capacity and efficiency with the least possible noise and dust generation.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying and heating lime sludge in a rotary kiln by means of regenerative heat transfer. The apparatus is preferably formed of round or rounded rods which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis. The rods are disposed in the kiln in an annular region adjacent the housing wall so that lime sludge flows freely between the rods while the kiln is rotating.

Abstract: An improved flighting for dryers is the subject of the present invention. An elongated drying drum is disposed for rotation about its longitudinal axis. The inner surface of the drum is provided with a plurality of material distributing vanes in circumferentially spaced relationship. The vanes are characterized by first surface extending generally transverse to a tangent to set body at the point of attachment and a second wedge-shaped surface intersecting the first surface. The wedge-shaped surface may also be provided with a lip extending circumferentially therefrom. A plurality of interference structures are disposed from a central longitudinal support and provide means for distributing material gravitating from the outer peripheral vanes. A plurality of return flighting members are disposed along the inner surface of the drum between the afore described material distributing vanes. These flighting members are disposed at an angle and conform generally to the curvature of the inner surface.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a drum (10) adapted to be driven in rotation about a horizontal axis of rotation (A) and having an at least approximately cylindrical body (12) as well as two steep end walls (14), one at each side of the body (12). The two end walls (14) each include a radially outer crown of ring sectors (20) which are inclined in overlapping relationship such that their leading edges (22) in the operating direction of rotation (26) of the drum (10) are disposed axially further outside than their trailing edges (24). A gap-like passage (28) each is formed between adjacent ring sectors (20). The material (58) being treated may exit through these passages upon rotation of the drum (10) in reverse sense. The ring sectors (20) are followed radially inwardly by a central portion (18,42) of the respective end wall (14) which portion the material (58) cannot penetrate. This makes sure that the material (58) will revolve without disturbance within the forwardly rotating drum (10).

Abstract: A rotary cylindrical drying drum comprising in axial direction a series of vaned sections, with air and material passages, and in which material to be dried can enter each section via an annular slot disposed along the drum wall and be transported by the vanes in radial direction, and material transporting vanes on either side of each section disposed against the drum wall for axially transporting the material to be dried. According to the invention, each section (7) includes two double-walled, frusto-conical portions whose apices are directed towards one another, the apices of the outer cones (1) being interconnected to form an air and material passage (4), with the edges of the base circles being connected to the drum wall (8) and the inner cones 2 being connected to the outer cones (1) by means of spacers.

Abstract: An improved flighting for dryers is the subject of the present invention. An elongated drying drum is disposed for rotation about its longitudinal axis. The inner surface of the drum is provided with a plurality of material distributing vanes in circumferentially spaced relationship. The vanes are characterized by first surface extending generally transverse to a tangent to set body at the point of attachment and a second wedge-shaped surface intersecting the first surface. The wedge-shaped surface may also be provided with a lip extending circumferentially therefrom. A plurality of interference structures are disposed from a central longitudinal support and provide means for distributing material gravitating from the outer peripheral vanes. A plurality of return flighting members are disposed along the inner surface of the drum between the afore described material distributing vanes. These flighting members are disposed at an angle and conform generally to the curvature of the inner surface.

Abstract: A grain roasting machine includes an elongated hollow roasting drum mounted for rotation about its fore-and-aft longitudinally extending central axis and a burner for producing a roasting flame within the drum in a direction extending generally longitudinally of the drum from one end toward the other end of the drum. The flame is produced in the longitudinal direction but offset to one side of the central axis of the drum. Vanes disposed on the interior of the drum sidewall and extending longitudinally between the ends thereof carry grain placed in the drum along a first arcuate path which skirts the periphery of the flame and then drop the grain in a second linear path in which most of the grain falls across the drum and directly through the roasting flame before returning to the first path.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying fruits, berries, and the like, including a helical drum for supporting berries in its interior. Each turn of the helical drum is in parallel spaced-apart relation to the adjacent turns, and the spacing between turns is smaller than the diameter of the fruits or berries being dried. The drum is mounted on a frame for rotation about its longitudinal axis, and a fan is mounted inside the helical drum to provide a drying current of air outwardly between the turns of the drum. Berries which are introduced into the interior of the drum are supported between and on the turns of the helix, and as the drum rotates, the berries are moved down the drum and through the drying current of air.

Abstract: Bucket-type material lifters are adjustably mounted on the inner peripheral surface of a drier drum between pairs of spaced plates carried by the drum, so that the position at which each lifter starts to discharge material during rotation of the drum and the position at which it completes its discharge can be selectively changed.

Abstract: A chain for use with kilns defines links, each with a flat area. The connection between the links is such that the flat areas in adjacent links tends to align with each other in the hanging attitude of the chain whereby the chain may be hung with the flat areas facing axial flow of materials in the kiln and acting as an impediment thereto. Arrays of such chains are hung from the wall of the kiln to collectively impede the flow of gas-borne particulate material.

Abstract: A rotary inclined tubular drier for puffing or expanding borax and a process for the production of puffed or expanded borax beads of desired physical characteristics. A rotatable tube is mounted on bearing wheels and surrounded by a fixed, close-fitting, insulated tube having electrical heating elements running lengthwise attached to its inside wall. The rotatable tube is fed continuously with granular borax feedstock by a vibratory feeder from its higher end and the puffed borax is discharged into a discharge chute from the lower end of the tube. A counter current of dry air is maintained by a suction hood at the high end of the tube, and borax is prevented from adhering to the interior of the tube by an adjustable, spring-loaded, internal scraper. The temperature of the drier is controlled by means of a pyrometer incorporated into a scraper support rod on the interior of the tube.

Abstract: A dryer for removing moisture from wet fine particles, such as coal, comprising an insulated stationary cylinder in which an open-ended metallic cylindrical tube is rotated, coaxially in an essentially horizontal position. Wet particles are introduced in said open end while hot air is circulated between the stationary cylinder and the tube. Metallic balls or the like contained in the rotating tube are interspersed in the wet mix. Perforated fins and baffles extend from the outer wall of the tube to aid in transferring heat, by conduction, to the tube and metallic balls to evaporate the moisture before the coal is discharged at the opposite end through a screen section of the tube. Additives may be introduced into the wet mix to coat the dried coal particles to prevent dust or prepare the mix for pelletizing or briquetting.