Abstract: Methods and apparatuses can be configured to facilitate sorting of paper from garbage and/or single stream recycling and subsequently process that separated paper to remove the contaminants from the paper so that the paper is in an acceptable condition for recycling. In some embodiments, the apparatus and method may utilize at least one dryer device that is configured to heat the paper without combusting the paper to remove water from the paper. The dryer device can also be configured to mix the paper as it is dried while also removing particulate contaminants off of the paper to clean the thrown away paper sufficiently so that the paper is in a condition that is acceptable for recycling into a paper product (e.g. a cardboard box, paper plate, sheets of paper, etc.).

Abstract: A system for separation and drying of moist fine particle coal includes a blast blower, a surge tank, a moisture detection sensor, a control device and two pipelines, wherein the blast blower is communicated with the surge tank; one end of two pipelines which are connected in parallel is communicated with the surge tank, while the other end is communicated with a fluidized bed; a first pipeline includes a first valve, a first flowmeter, an air heater and an electric butterfly valve which are connected in series sequentially, while the second pipeline includes a second valve and a second flowmeter which are connected in series; the moisture detection sensor is arranged in the fluidized bed; and the control device is connected with the blast blower, the first valve, the first flowmeter, the air heater, the second valve, the second flowmeter and the moisture detection sensor.

Abstract: A processing system for a slurry material. The system has a vibratory screen disposed atop an open-topped tank. A travel path for a vehicle is disposed directly above the screen and the tank. Slurry material dumped from the vehicle onto the screen is separated at the screen into a particulate-rich stream and a fluid-rich stream. The fluid-rich stream may be pumped to a cleaner so that it may be stored and re-used as drilling fluid.

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed apparatus, using fans, circulating pipes, functional branches and feeding pipes sequentially connected to form one or more circulating channels; the fans and jet streams generated thereby disperse materials into a fluidized state; the fluidized materials circulate and flow at a high speed in the circulating channels to achieve the objectives of the process, efficiently realizing operations such as drying, smashing, evaporating and distilling, concentrating, sieving, mixing, and ultraviolet sterilizing of powdered materials, realizing quick drying at normal temperature, and quickly preparing fresh plant materials into powdered materials at normal temperature. All the operations are performed by one apparatus, thus reducing equipment investment, simplifying production process steps, improving product quality, reducing production costs, and having low energy consumption, wide application and a simple structure.

Abstract: A system includes a standpipe for receiving a flow of solids therethrough, the standpipe having at least one inlet configured to receive a gas for decreasing a solids-to-gas ratio of the flow, a sealpot having an inlet fluidly coupled to the standpipe and an outlet fluidly coupled to a riser, the sealpot being configured to fluidize the solids received from the standpipe and to transport the solids to the riser, and a drain device fluidly coupled to an outlet in the standpipe, the outlet being located upstream from the inlet of the sealpot. The drain device is configured to remove the excess gas from the flow of solids within the standpipe to increase the solids-to-gas ratio of the flow prior to the solids entering the sealpot.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for heat treatment capable of heat-treating toner particles efficiently and uniformly while suppressing increase of coarse particles due to coalescence, to thereby enable stable toner production. The apparatus for heat-treating powder particles each of which contains a binder resin and a colorant includes: a cylindrical treatment chamber in which the powder particles are heat-treated; a columnar member (6) provided so as to protrude from a lower end part of the treatment chamber toward an upper end part thereof; a powder particle supply unit (2) for supplying the powder particles to the treatment chamber; a hot air supply unit (3) for heat-treating the supplied powder particles; and a collection unit (5) for collecting the heat-treated powder particles discharged outside the treatment chamber through a toner discharge port provided on the lower end part side of the treatment chamber.

Abstract: A heat treating apparatus for powder particles including a cylindrical treating chamber; a powder particle-supplying unit; a hot air-supplying unit that supplies hot air for heat-treating powder particles; a cold air-supplying unit that supplies cold air for cooling the heat-treated powder particles; a regulating unit for regulating a flow of the supplied powder particles; and a recovering unit that recovers the heat-treated powder particles. The regulating unit is a substantially circular columnar member, the hot air-supplying unit has an outlet opposite to the upper end portion of the columnar member, and the regulating unit is equipped with a substantially conic distributing member for distributing the supplied hot air in a circumferential direction and a rotating member for rotating the distributed hot air in a spiral manner, on the center of the upper end portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing lint from air that is discharged from a clothes dryer uses a lint filtration housing mounted on the frame of the clothes dryer, the filtration housing having an interior that contains a filter for removing lint from the dryer exhaust air flow stream. The housing provides an influent fitting for transmitting heating exhaust air from the drying chamber to the housing interior. An ambient air supply enables ambient air to be added to the filtration housing interior. One or more vanes is provided that create an annular vortex within the filtration housing interior. The flow of the annular vortex within the filtration housing interior can be between about 500 and 3,000 cubic feet per second. A flow line transmits pre-heated air from the filtration housing interior to the dryer interior.

Abstract: A cyclone comprising: an upper cylindrical portion which opens into the wider end of a lower frusto-conical portion, with the longitudinal axes of said upper and lower portions aligned and substantially vertical; a primary air inlet into the cyclone arranged such that the inlet air is substantially tangential to the circumference of the cyclone; an exhaust outlet at or adjacent the top of the cylindrical portion; a control valve associated with said exhaust outlet and capable of partially or completely shutting off said exhaust outlet; a secondary air inlet associated with the narrow end of the frusto-conical portion and provided with an airflow stabilizing device which is adapted to admit a stream of air substantially along or spirally around the longitudinal axis of the cyclone; means for removing processed product from the cyclone; means for moving said airflow stabilizing device into and out of the narrow end of the frusto-conical portion during product processing and/or between product processing.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed to systems that are used for reclaiming components of wellbore cuttings material. In one illustrative embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes, among other things, a dryer that is adapted to receive a drill cuttings mixture that includes drilling fluid and cuttings material, the dryer being further adapted to treat the drill cuttings mixture by drying the cuttings material below a preselected moisture content level. The system also includes a moisture sensor that is adapted to sense a moisture content of the cuttings material after it is dried by the dryer, and a cuttings reinjection system that is adapted to reinject the dried cuttings material into a well bore. Additionally, the system includes a conveyor system that is adapted to convey the dried cuttings material to the cuttings reinjection system, wherein the conveyor system includes, among other things, a positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying pellets having a housing and a rotor with rotor blades that is arranged in the housing such that it can be driven in rotation, having a dewatering region with at least one dewatering screen with dewatering screen openings that are smaller in size than the pellets, so that the process fluid can be separated from the pellets by means of passage from a screen front to a screen rear, wherein an auxiliary blower is arranged such that an auxiliary airflow from it is imparted in the direction of the pellets' primary direction of movement through the housing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing lint from air that is discharged from a clothes dryer uses a lint filtration housing mounted on the frame of the clothes dryer, the filtration housing having an interior that contains a filter for removing lint from the dryer exhaust air flow stream. The housing provides an influent fitting for transmitting heating exhaust air from the drying chamber to the housing interior. An ambient air supply enables ambient air to be added to the filtration housing interior. One or more vanes is provided that create an annular vortex within the filtration housing interior. The flow of the annular vortex within the filtration housing interior can be between about 500 and 3,000 cubic feet per second. A flow line transmits pre-heated air from the filtration housing interior to the dryer interior.

Abstract: A dryer for drying objects of material has a container-like body. The body is substantially tight and material to be dried can be fed into it. The body may be substantially upright or inclined. The material to be dried is fed at the lower part of the body is discharged from the upper part thereof and drying gas is directed to the dryer substantially at the upper part of the body and taken off from the lower part thereof. This is achieved by shut-off arrangements of the feeding and discharge of the material to be dried and by the structure of the body. The drying gas circulates in the dryer in a substantially closed circulation. The drying gas taken off from the lower part of the body is heated by element of a heating device and the heated drying gas is fed to the upper part of the body.

Abstract: An air-lift dryer for processing a high-lactose aqueous fluid (HLAF), such as permeate from ultrafiltration of whey fluid, is provided. The air-lift dryer has an enclosed drying chamber with diverging interior sidewalls that define an intermediate interior space having a cross-sectional area that increases as the diverging interior sidewalls extend away from a lower portion toward an upper portion.

Abstract: According to a method for drying fuels in the form of dust, particularly to be fed to a gasification process, such as coal, petroleum coke, biological waste, or the like, wherein the fuel (1) is crushed in a mill (2) and fed to a filter/separator (3) by means of a propellant and drying gas, and at least part of the propellant/drying gas in the circuit is returned to the mill (2) after heating, the known disadvantages are not only to be avoided, but particularly a cost-effective milling and drying method and a corresponding system are to be provided, having low emissions and a low inert gas requirement. This is achieved according to the method in that part of the propellant/drying gas flow is cooled down and dehumidified in a spray tower (6), or the like, wherein part of the dried gas exiting the spray tower is fed to the environment and/or a firing process, and the other part is returned to the propellant/drying gas flow.

Abstract: A process for energy recovery and transfer including: warming fresh air in a heat recovery and pressure control unit; feeding waste feed and the warm fresh air into a processor; reducing a moisture content of the waste feed by breaking the waste feed into a fuel powder in the warm fresh air in the processor; filtering contaminated air through an initial filter to remove the fuel powder from the contaminated air; pre-heating the contaminated air in the heat recovery and pressure control unit; raising the temperature of the pre-heated contaminated air in a chamber; passing the chamber discharge air through the heat recovery and pressure control unit to pre-heat contaminated air passing on to the chamber and to warm fresh air passing on to the processor; and filtering terminal air through a terminal filter to remove particles from the terminal air.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed is a pneumatic dryer for removal of liquid from the surface of particulate. The dryer finds application in drying water from coal using air as a drying gas. A significant mechanism of the removal of liquid from particulate is the shearing of liquid without a phase change from the particulate surface.

Abstract: A method for drying a wet polymer including a drying carried out in a dryer containing at least heating element inside which a heat-transfer fluid flows, the heat-transfer fluid being low-pressure steam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for continuous heat treatment of granulated materials, especially to the crystallization of polymer granulate, such as polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) for example. The device comprises several adjacent fluidization chambers respectively provided with a sieve plate through which a fluidization gas used to fluidize the granulate can be insufflated into the respective chamber from below via a gas inlet, the gas being able to escape via a gas outlet in the top area of the device. The first chamber takes up the greater part of the overall volume of all chambers and neighboring chambers are, respectively, fluidically connected by product throughflow openings in the separating walls arranged therebetween.

Abstract: A cyclone which includes an upper cylindrical portion opening into the wider end of a lower frustro-conical portion, with a primary air inlet such that the inlet air is substantially tangential to the circumference of the cyclone, and an exhaust outlet at or adjacent the top of the cylindrical portion; a control valve is associated with the exhaust outlet and can be used to partially or completely shut off the outlet; a secondary air inlet is associated with the narrow end of the frustro-conical portion and is provided with an air flow stabilising device adapted to admit a stream of air substantially along the longitudinal axis of the cyclone; also including means for withdrawing processed product from the frustro-conical portion.

Abstract: An enhanced apparatus and method for cleaning, drying, and disinfecting brine shrimp eggs is provided. The apparatus may have a blower and a furnace that provide pressurized, dry air to a screening device. The screening device may include a vibrating screen designed to release detritus while retaining viable cysts. The dry air may convey the cysts upward and suspend them within a containment vessel. The containment vessel may have a lower, narrow section and an upper, wide section; the larger airflow velocity within the narrow section suspends the brine shrimp eggs while the remaining detritus moves upward, into the wide section, in which the airflow velocity is lower. The air suspension rapidly dries the cysts to maintain a high percentage of viable eggs. Ultraviolet lights disinfect the cysts within the narrow section. An extractor with a cyclone separator draws material from the wide section and removes viable eggs from the detritus.

Abstract: A flash dryer of cut tobacco comprises a drying duct (16) for connecting a feeding section (14) of cut tobacco to a tangential separator (18). The drying duct (16) has an upstream-side duct portion (16a) extending straight from the feeding section (14) at an elevation angle ranging from 30° to 60° and a downstream-side duct portion (16b) curving upward in a convex shape. A dry gas that flows through the drying duct (16) may contain superheated steam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drying long fiber hay. A first step involves providing round bales of long fiber hay. A second step involves separating the bales to form a loose mass of long fiber hay. A third step involves feeding the loose mass of long fiber hay into a rotary dehydration drum. A fourth step involves separating the loose mass of long fiber hay from air containing entrained moisture by passing the long fiber hay through a cyclone separator with a first stream of air passing to an exhaust and a second stream of the loose mass of long fiber hay passing into an air lock. A fifth step involves cooling the loose mass of long fiber hay. A sixth step involves passing the loose mass of long fiber hay through a hay baler, whereby the loose mass of long fiber hay is formed back into bales.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for making particles comprising: (a) spraying an emulsion, solution, or suspension, which comprises a solvent and a bulk material (e.g., a pharmaceutical agent), through an atomizer and into a primary drying chamber, having a drying gas flowing therethrough, to form droplets comprising the solvent and bulk material dispersed in the drying gas; (b) evaporating, in the primary drying chamber, at least a portion of the solvent into the drying gas to solidify the droplets and form particles dispersed in drying gas; and (c) flowing the particles and at least a portion of the drying gas through a jet mill to deagglomerate or grind the particles. By coupling spray drying with “in-line” jet milling, a single step process is created from two separate unit operations, and an additional collection step is advantageously eliminated. The one-step, in-line process has further advantages in time and cost of processing.

Abstract: A method of treating drill cuttings containing a detectable amount of hydrocarbon-based drilling fluid comprises injecting a non-toxic additive to the cuttings and mixing the cuttings and additive to the point where the amount of hydrocarbon-based drilling fluid is less than 1% by weight. The method of treating cuttings includes the additional step of taking the mixture of cuttings and additive and disposing of the mixture directly to the soil, preferably in the immediate vicinity of the well site. A system is provided for carrying out the method, including structure for adding a quantity of an chemical additive to cuttings carrying a quantity of drilling fluid. The system further provides a controller to determine the cuttings load within the system, and controls to vary the quantity of treatment chemicals added to the cuttings according to the cuttings load.

Abstract: A cyclone which includes an upper cylindrical portion opening into the wider end of a lower frustro-conical portion, with a primary air inlet such that the inlet air is substantially tangential to the circumference of the cyclone, and an exhaust outlet at or adjacent the top of the cylindrical portion; a control valve is associated with the exhaust outlet and can be used to partially or completely shut off the outlet; a secondary air inlet is associated with the narrow end of the frustro-conical portion and is provided with an air flow stabilising device adapted to admit a stream of air substantially along the longitudinal axis of the cyclone; also including means for withdrawing processed product from the frustro-conical portion.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for collecting ablated material generated by exposure of an imaging layer to a source of radiation, said apparatus comprising a vacuum supply means, and a vacuum head connected to, and in close proximity with, a centrifugal separator, said vacuum head being for direct attachment to a movable mounting means having guide means. The centrifugal separator preferably comprises a reverse flow gas cyclone or a uniflow gas cyclone. The apparatus preferably also includes a filtration system capable of removing any remaining contaminants Typically, the vacuum supply means comprises a vacuum pump, the movable mounting means comprises a carriage to which the vacuum head may be attached and the guide means comprises a guide rail. A method of preparing an imaged member is also disclosed, preferably from an imaging member which comprises a lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a substrate and a metal imaging layer.

Abstract: A roasting apparatus for roasting nuts, cocoa beans, coffee beans, and other small food stuffs comprising a base, a motor and afterburner assembly attached to the top of the base on one side thereof, a roasting assembly attached to the top of the base on the other side thereof, and a top cover assembly removably attached to the tops of the motor and afterburner assembly, and the roasting assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for separating fluid from a device such as a spherical shaped semiconductor integrated circuit. To this end, one embodiment provides a first area for receiving the device, a reducing area registering with the first area, a first passage centered in the reducing area, and a second passage adjacent the first passage. The pressure inside the first area is greater than the pressure inside the reducing area. Also, the pressure inside the first passage is greater than the pressure inside the second passage. The device moves through the first area and into the reducing area. Once in the reducing area, the device is inclined to enter the first passage while at least part of the fluid is inclined to enter the second passage. As a result, the fluid is thereby separated from the device.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously granulating powder material has a feeder for continuously supplying powder material, and a granulation vessel. The granulation vessel includes a granulation zone and a drying zone. The apparatus also has a spray nozzle disposed so as to be declined above the granulation zone for adding binder to the powder material, a perforated plate disposed below the granulation zone and the trying zone, an intermediate weir disposed between the granulation zone and the drying zone so as to provide a space between the intermediate weir and the perforated plate, an outlet weir disposed at an outlet side of the drying zone, and a heated air supplying device for supplying from below heated air to the granulation zone and the drying zone so as to form a fluidized bed of the material.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating fine ore in which fine ore is dried by aid of a hot drying gas flowing around the ore particles. After having flown around the ore particles, the drying gas is purified while releasing entrained dust ore particles. The dust ore particles are collected and admixed to the dried fine ore. In order to avoid process disturbances in the further processing of fine ore due to excessive portions of dust ore particles present without the fine ore, drying is effected in the whirl-bed method under simultaneous wind-screening of the fine ore. The drying gas is passed through the fine ore under formation of a whirl bed and the speed of the drying gas is fixed at a rate at which entraining of dust ore particles having dimensions below a predetermined dimension is effected. The dust ore particles entrained in the drying gas are separated, collected and admixed to the dried fine ore in dosed amounts. The apparatus includes a fine ore whirl-bed drying means including a drying-gas feeding means.

Abstract: A filter centrifuge includes a centrifuge drum having a solids removal opening for solids collected in the centrifuge drum. A solids drying housing into which the solids removal opening opens is provided. The solids drying housing has a sieve bottom, a gas inlet for introducing a drying gas, and a gas outlet for removing the drying gas.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for separating chaff from coffee and cocoa beans is designed for use in combination with either the hot air blowing base of the common household consumer appliance, the electrical popcorn popper or the larger volume coffee roasters. The apparatus comprises a hopper having an open top, an open bottom mountable over the hot air blowing base of the popper for roasting beans, at least one exhaust gas outlet, a transparent or translucent lid for covering the top and allowing the user to observe the color of the roasting beans and a screen mounted over the exhaust gas outlet. The screen is coated with a material that causes its surface to become electrostatically charged during the bean roasting process. In addition, a protective outer coating is deposited to completely cover the dielectric material to prevent this material from being destructively removed or electrochemically altered by the chemicals in cleaners for the lid.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a particulate material containing an inflammable component, such as ethanol or another solvent, comprises a fluidized bed chamber with a perforated bed plate arranged therein. The particulate material may be fluidized on the bed plate by supplying fluidizing air upwardly through perforations in the bed plate. In order to reduce the risk of explosion in the fluidizing air after its passage through the fluidized bed formed on the bed plate, dilution gas is fed into the fluidized bed chamber. The dilution gas is introduced into the fluidized bed chamber at least at one position spaced from the side walls of the chamber and preferably located centrally within the fluidized bed chamber in order to obtain a substantially uniform mixing of the dilution gas with the fluidizing air including the inflammable component immediately above the fluidized bed. The explosion safe gas mixture may be discharged from the upper part of the processing chamber.

Abstract: A bubbler for solid metal-organic precursors is described. The bubbler includes a bubbler body, a carrier gas feed tube, an exhaust tube, a compressing plate and a pair of porous thin plates. A carrier gas is fed into a mass of metal-organic precursors through a feed tube which is connected with the bottom of the bubbler body. The exhaust tube is set away from the mass of metal-organic precursors and drains the carrier gas passing through the precursors. The compressing plate has many holes and is movable up and down along the wall of the bubbler body so that it may be positioned according to the amount of the precursors. The upper porous thin plate is located between the exhaust tube and the compressing plate, and the lower porous thin plate is located above the leading end of the feed tube, giving support to the mass of the metal-organic precursors. That is, the precursors are placed on the lower porous thin plate and there is a room between the lower porous thin plate and the bottom of the bubbler body.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for removing dust from nuclear fuel pellets.The object of the invention is to embody a device able to simply and effectively remove dust from pellets coated with dust, including non-electrically charged dust.This aim is obtained by using a device including a dedusting tube (1) inside which said pellets (35) circulate, said tube (1) being provided at its inlet extremity (2) with a gas injection orifice, an opening for introducing the pellets to be dedusted and means to create a laminar flow of dedusting gas around the pellets circulating in said tube, said tube (1) being further provided at its outlet extremity (4) with a gas and dust suction opening and an opening for recovering the dedusted pellets (35).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making an external circulation fluid bed furnace which does not require a chamber for retaining heat transporting medium communicating with the down comer. According to the method of the present invention, said chamber is eliminated by properly determining the dimension of the down comer etc. According to the present invention, the ratio of the diameter of the down comer to the diameter of the riser so that the ratio (X) thereof falls in an area between two lines described as follows, in a Ws-X plane:Ws=12500X.sup.5 -12080X.sup.4 +4370X.sup.3 -600X.sup.2 +36XandWs=5800X.sup.4 +1600X.sup.3 -580X.sup.2 +44Xwherein, Ws is flow rate of solid heat transport medium in the riser at each unit area the cross section (kg/m.sup.2 sec); X is a ratio of the diameter of down comer (d) to the diameter of riser (D).

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel horizontal fluid bed reactor, which in a single unit, provides for the polymerization of monomer to polymer and mixed monomers to co-polymers. Within one reactor shell the reactor contains a plurality of polymerization stages which permit the achievement of narrow residence time distribution of the produced polymer. This arrangement also creates a sufficiently tight subdivision of the reactor volume which permits a plurality of gas circulation stages of different gas compositions, as well as, polymerization temperatures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating chaff from coffee and cocoa beans is designed for use in combination with the hot air blowing base of the common household consumer appliance, the electrical popcorn popper. The method comprises a hopper having an open top, an open bottom mountable over the hot air blowing base of the popper for roasting beans and an exhaust gas outlet, a lid for covering the top and a screen mounted over the exhaust gas outlet. The screen is coated with a material that causes its surface to become electrostatically charged during the bean roasting process. The chaff from the beans becomes separated during the roasting process and then is entrained in the exhaust gases which pass upward from the hot air blowing base for roasting the beans and through the open bottom. The chaff is collected on the electrostatically charged screen and is easily removed after the roasting process.

Abstract: Damp sodium bicarbonate filter cake is pre-dried and calcined to produce light soda as in a process comprising a carbon dioxide ebullated fluid bed pre-dryer working in connected series relationship with a plurality of carbon dioxide ebullated fluid bed/bag filter calcination systems such that bicarbonate decomposition during pre-drying is minimized and the thermal treatment of small particles during calcination is optimized.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method and apparatus for feeding solids to a fluidized bed reactor. A back pressure control valve regulates the pressure drop between the pressure above a solids column in a standpipe and the pressure in the reactor. Solids are fed from the standpipe via a conduit without valve means, the conduit contains a bend of an angle greater than the angle of repose of the solids.