Abstract: A system for identifying manual use of a phone by the driver of a vehicle. The system has a smartphone with a memory programmed to collect heading, velocity and radial acceleration data already available to the operating system of all smartphones and uses the asymmetry with respect to right and left turns between a radial acceleration based on Earth-frame-based heading and speed data and a measured actual radial acceleration to detect manual phone usage by a driver. Detection may result in a visual and auditory warning that would incriminate the driver if the vehicle were to be stopped by law enforcement authorities or involved in an accident.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a warning method and an apparatus for a driving risk, a computing device and a storage medium. In an embodiment, driving behavior data of a driver in a first time period is obtained, and a correspondence between a quantity of occurrences of preset driving behaviors of one or more drivers and a quantity of an actual occurrence of preset scenarios to the one or more drivers while driving is obtained. Based on a quantity of actual occurrences of the preset driving behaviors of the driver, indicated in the driving behavior data of the driver, and the correspondence, it is predicted a target quantity of times the driver is predicted to encounter one or more preset scenarios in the first time period, and warning information is generated based on the target quantity of times.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system for receiving communications while a user operates a motor vehicle is provided. The system may include (1) a BLUETOOTH interface configured to establish a connection to a BLUETOOTH device associated with the motor vehicle, (2) a wireless communication interface configured to receive a wireless communication from a remote device, and (3) a processor coupled to the wireless communication interface and the BLUETOOTH interface, and configured to: (a) determine the user is operating the motor vehicle based upon the connection to the BLUETOOTH device, and (b) suppress a notification of the user of receipt of the wireless communication while the user is operating the motor vehicle.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to generating a response of a vehicle to a virtual rumble strip. In one embodiment, a method includes determine that a virtual boundary corresponding to a real-world location in proximity of a vehicle has been crossed as the vehicle travels based upon first sensor data generated by the vehicle. The method further includes determine information about an environment of the vehicle as the virtual boundary is crossed based upon second sensor data generated by the vehicle. The method also includes activate an actuator of a seat of the vehicle such that haptic feedback is delivered to the seat, wherein the haptic feedback is based upon the information about the environment and a type of a virtual rumble strip.

Abstract: A relative risk can be determined using an originating Internet Protocol (IP) address as an identifying factor for purposes of authenticating a user. The originating IP address can be used as an identifying factor for a particular user account to determine potentially fraudulent activity and reduce the risk of fraud. This additional identifying factor can be used as a part of an overall authentication platform to help screen fraud attempts and to authenticate valid and non-fraudulent users. Using certain aspects can distinguish whether originating IP addresses are public or private. Some examples can track and match originating IP addresses to user accounts and also can keep track of recently active sessions for each IP address.

Abstract: A vehicle interior lighting device includes a plurality of front light-emitting sections that are provided at a front side of a passenger compartment and illuminate front portions of front interior components disposed on right and left sides at the front side of the passenger compartment, and a plurality of rear light-emitting sections that are provided at a rear side of the passenger compartment and illuminate rear portions of rear interior members disposed on right and left sides at the rear side of the passenger compartment.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for controlling a brake system based on a driver's forward gaze.

Abstract: A vehicular control system for controlling a vehicle includes a vehicle control, an acceleration sensor and a camera. The vehicle control includes an image processor for processing image data captured by the camera as the vehicle is driven along a route by a driver of the vehicle. The vehicle control detects traffic and road topography and determines acceleration of the vehicle as the vehicle is driven along the route by the driver. The vehicle control learns the route during multiple repetitive drives of the route by the driver of the vehicle. The vehicle control increases a confidence level of the learned route during multiple repetitive drives of the route by the vehicle. When the confidence level exceeds a threshold value, the vehicle control is operable to at least semi-autonomously control the vehicle to drive the vehicle along the route.

Abstract: Systems and methods of incentivizing the use of a safety device while operating a vehicle are provided. Data captured by sensors associated with a safety device may be analyzed to identify instances in which the safety device is used by an operator of a vehicle. Additionally, data captured by sensors associated with the vehicle may be analyzed to identify instances in which the vehicle is in motion. By comparing the instances in which the safety device is used by the operator of the vehicle to the instances in which the vehicle is in motion, instances in which the operator of the vehicle uses the safety device while operating the vehicle may be determined. Furthermore, a trend of the operator of the vehicle using the safety device while operating the vehicle may be identified. A notification related to the identified trend may be provided to the operator of the vehicle.

Abstract: A driver state determination apparatus detects the decline of the physical function of a driver and confirms the determination of an abnormal state before the driver becomes unable to drive. A vibration apparatus vibrates a steering wheel; a vibration detector detects the vibration of the steering wheel; and a controller controls the vibration apparatus. The controller provides vibration at a predetermined excitation frequency to the steering wheel by the vibration apparatus, calculates a steering torque level at the excitation frequency based on the vibration detected by the vibration detector, and determines that a driver is in an abnormal state when an average value of the steering torque level while the vibration is being provided is equal to or more than a first threshold value, and/or a standard deviation of the steering torque level while the vibration is being provided is equal to or more than a second threshold value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a control system for controlling generation of a steering wheel overlay signal to control a trajectory of a host vehicle. The control system includes one or more controllers. The control system is configured to determine a principal axis of a lane of travel. A target trajectory is determined for the host vehicle in dependence on the determined principal axis. The steering wheel overlay signal is generated, including an intra-lane steering signal for aligning the trajectory of the host vehicle with the target trajectory. The intra-lane steering signal is removed when the trajectory is at least substantially aligned with the target trajectory. The present disclosure also relates to a vehicle; and a method of controlling generation of a steering wheel overlay signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed herein that mitigate hard-braking events. An example apparatus at least one memory; instructions; and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: determine a danger level associated with an object, the danger level indicative of a first measure of damage corresponding to a trajectory of the object compared to a trajectory of a vehicle; determine, based on the first danger level, a danger measure based on at least one of a position of the object, a velocity of the object, an acceleration of the object, a direction of travel of the object, a weight or mass of the object; and generate instructions to transmit to a steering system or a braking system of the vehicle based on the determination.

Abstract: A control device of a mobile object includes a control unit configured to restrict, based on information specifying a suppression area where occurrence of a communication delay is to be suppressed, the mobile object from performing an operation that induces a communication delay in the suppression area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for driver assistance for determining habits of a driver, a computer storage medium, and a vehicle. The method for driver assistance for determining the habits of the driver includes: recognizing a vehicle working condition; recognizing a vehicle status; and determining the habits of the driver based on the vehicle working condition and the vehicle status, where the recognizing a vehicle working condition includes: performing first vehicle working condition recognition based on vehicle speed information; and performing second vehicle working condition recognition based on a combination of map information and positioning information and/or camera information. By performing working condition recognition twice, accuracy of vehicle working condition recognition can be improved and a vehicle working condition recognition result can be prevented from incorrectly and frequently switching between various vehicle working conditions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for maintaining a distributed ledger and/or blockchain of transactions and/or events pertaining to autonomous vehicles and/or smart contracts. An enforcement server may receive indications of transactions and/or events generated by one or more autonomous vehicles. The transactions and/or events may include information relating to a trigger condition and/or a decision condition associated with one or more smart contracts. The enforcement server may route the transaction to the appropriate smart contract to determine whether a trigger condition has been satisfied. When a trigger condition is satisfied, the enforcement server may automatically perform an action to enforce the smart contract and/or update the distributed ledger.

Abstract: An information display apparatus may include a processor configured to display a display object in augmented reality; and a storage configured to store data and algorithms driven by the processor, wherein the processor determines a position of the display object by use of at least one of a total number of lanes or a number of lanes in a road in a driving direction of a host vehicle, possible traveling direction information for each lane, and driving direction information related to the host vehicle, and the information display apparatus is disposed within a vehicle or outside the vehicle, and when disposed outside the vehicle, is configured to transmit display information related to the display object to the vehicle or a mobile device.

Abstract: A parametric constant resolves to different values in different contexts, but a single value within a particular context. An anchor constant is a parametric constant that allows for a degree of parametricity for an API point. The context for the anchor constant is provided by a caller to the API point. The anchor constant resolves to an anchor value that records specialization decisions for the API point within the provided context. Specialization decisions may include type restrictions, memory layout, and/or memory size. The anchor value together with an unspecialized type of the API point result in a specialized type of the API point. A class object representing the specialized type is created. The class object may be accessible to the caller, but the full value of the anchor value is not accessible to the caller. The API point is executed based on the specialization decisions embodied in the anchor value.

Abstract: A vehicle 1 as a host vehicle includes: detection unit that detects a translationally-moving two-wheeled vehicle 9 traveling in front of or alongside the host vehicle; an on-board communication device capable of communicating with a communication device mounted on the vehicle 9; an ECU that determines whether the host vehicle is at either one of blind spots BR and BL of the vehicle 9, based on a detection result of the detection unit, and that transmits a warning notification from the on-board communication device to the communication device mounted on the vehicle 9 when determining that the host vehicle is at the blind spot BR or BL. In this case, it is preferable that the ECU changes an actuation condition so that an automatic operation according to contact avoidance control is started more promptly than when the host vehicle is determined to be outside the blind spots BR, BL.

Abstract: A method for tracking insured assets is provided. Asset identifiers corresponding to assets to be monitored are received from a user. Each of the one or more assets is attached to a tracking device. Monitored assets are covered by one or more insurance policies. One or more geofence regions are defined associated with the one or more monitored assets. A location of each of the monitored assets is estimated, at least periodically. In response to determining that the estimated location of at least one of the monitored assets is outside of the corresponding one or more geofence regions, an insurance policy associated with this at least one asset is determined. A policyholder associated with the insurance policy is notified by sending a notification to policyholder's-preferred device. The notification inquires instructions for remedial actions from the policyholder. One or more remedial actions are initiated based on received policyholder's instructions.

Abstract: A changing operation assisting apparatus includes a driving assistance control section, an operation section, and an information providing section. The driving assistance control section stores set states regarding driving assistance functions of a vehicle and provides the functions in accordance with the set sates. The set state includes a request state of the function. The operation section is used for changing the set state. The information providing section provides information regarding the set state to a driver of the vehicle. Further, the driving assistance control section executes a setting change confirmation processing upon satisfaction of a specific condition. The setting change confirmation processing is a process of providing confirmation information to confirm whether or not to change the request state of the function, and changing the request state of the function when the driver performs an approving operation in accordance with the confirmation information.

Abstract: An example operation includes one or more of detecting a living element in a transport, determining a dangerous condition exists in response to an internal temperature of the transport is outside of a threshold and a negative characteristic is associated with the living element, and positioning the transport to a location to reduce the dangerous condition.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for monitoring the structural integrity of a vehicle. In particular, systems and methods are provided for using transducers positioned at various location in and on a vehicle to measure parameters related vehicle structural health. In various implementations, the integrity of the vehicle frame and the integrity of the vehicle body are monitored using a multi-axis accelerometer and/or microphone. The use of transducers for monitoring can replace time-consuming and expensive manual inspections.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus for operating an over-the-air (OTA) update for a vehicle including a generation device generating starting control information of the vehicle based on information about an OTA update of the vehicle and a transmission device transmitting the generated starting control information.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to enabling roadside assistance to a vehicle that requires assistance having an autonomous driving mode. For instance, a technician may be assigned to the vehicle that requires assistance. A signal corresponding to user input at a remote computing device requesting a change to a state of the vehicle may be received. The signal may be based on details of the assigned technician. Based on the validation, an instruction may be sent to the vehicle to change the state of the vehicle.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products are provided for tracking one or more items. In one exemplary embodiment, there is provided a method for tracking one or more hems. The method may include periodically detecting, by a sensor device, sensor information of the one or more items, and periodically transmitting, by the sensor device, the sensor information. The method may also include determining if the one or more parties is authorized to receive the sensor information. The method may also include transmitting the sensor information to the one or more authorized parties. The method may further include determining if the one or more parties is authorized to receive the sensor information and the periodically transmitting the sensor information to the one or more authorized parties based on a set of one or more permissions that grants or restricts access of the one or more parties to the sensor information based on the set of one or more permissions.

Abstract: In a behavior recognition apparatus, a secondary informational item is generated for a corresponding target state of one or more than one target state extracted from each primary informational item acquired. The secondary informational item is represented by two different values, which express respectively (i) corresponding to the target state and (ii) not corresponding to the target state, the two different values being enabled to be added or subtracted. Further, a behavior vector is updated using a determination information group extracted by using a time window from a plurality of the secondary informational items in time series, and the driving behavior of the driver is recognized using the updated behavior vector.

Abstract: A method according to the present disclosure comprises acquiring a plurality sets of traveling video recorded by a plurality of cameras capturing a plurality of directions equipped in a remote driving vehicle, acquiring information regarding at least one of driving operation by a remote driving operator, a traveling state of the remote driving vehicle, and motion of the remote driving operator, specifying an attention direction or an attention scope of the remote driving operator for a situation around the remote driving vehicle based on acquired information, displaying at least one of the plurality sets of traveling video reflecting the attention direction or the attention scope on a display device, and performing display based on the attention direction or the attention scope.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-abandonment system comprising: a first sensor (2) associable with a restraining device (R) placed in the vehicle, a second sensor (3) associable with a fastening tab or with a fastening buckle of a safety belt of the vehicle. The anti-abandonment system comprises a control unit connected to the first and second sensors and configured to perform a control procedure comprising the steps of: determining, as a function of the signal emitted by the first sensor, the presence of a child and/or an infant on the restraining device; determining, as a function of the signal emitted by the second sensor, a fastened or unfastened condition of the safety belt, defining an alarm condition in the event that the control unit determines the presence of a child and/or an infant on the restraining device and at the same time the unfastened condition of the safety belt.

Abstract: A steering device adapted to be rotated about a steering central axis for maneuvering a vehicle, the steering device including a central portion disposed in a vicinity of the steering central axis, and a rim connected with the central portion. The rim includes left and right grip portions that are respectively disposed in left and right regions of the rim apart from the steering central axis, a grip sensor disposed in each of the left and right grip portions, and four luminous portions each of which is configured to be lit under control of a control unit for prompting the driver to grip the grip portions. The four luminous portions are respectively disposed in a vicinity of a first end of and in a vicinity of a second end of each of the left and right grip portions, in an area out of the left and right grip portions.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate to systems and methods for using a blockchain or shared ledger to generate Usage-Based Insurance quotes for a vehicle tracked over its lifecycle according to a Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), or other vehicle identifier. A mileage report stored on the shared ledger may be searched according to the vehicle's VIN and a Usage-Based Insurance quote may be generated based upon the mileage report. Periodic updates to the mileage report may be broadcast to the blockchain in transactions that updated the shared ledger. An estimated vehicle usage may be determined based upon the cryptographic proof of the blockchain and a Usage-Based Insurance quote generated thereon.

Abstract: A driving accident simulation, having a head-wearable user interface (e.g., a head-worn virtual-reality display), may be used to inform a driver of the driver's potential liability under different insurance options. The simulation may determine damages caused by the simulated accident, and identify multiple insurance options and the resulting user liability under each option. The simulation may also be used to assess an insurance adjuster's ability to estimate damages from an accident, by receiving the adjuster's estimate and comparing it to the simulation's own estimate of damages. In some embodiments, the simulation may present a driver with a simulated view from a point of view of another party to the simulated accident.

Abstract: An apparatus for tuning a brake curve based on machine learning includes: a machine learning unit learning a braking tendency based on actual brake data, the braking tendency referring to a deceleration of a vehicle according to a brake operation amount by a driver; and a tuning unit tuning a preset brake curve according to the learned braking tendency, the preset brake curve having deceleration predetermined according to the brake operation amount.

Abstract: An object is to display an image related to transportation guidance in a way easily viewable to a driver. A control section controls a projection device configured to project an image onto a windshield of a vehicle so that the image is displayed superimposed on a real view. The control section includes a projection control section configured to cause, in a case where a driving lane of the vehicle is a reduced lane, the projection device to project a guidance image for prompting a lane change. The reduced lane is a lane on which it becomes impossible for the vehicle to run within a predetermined distance ahead of a current location of the vehicle on a traveling route of the vehicle.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for early detection of objects by a perception system of a vehicle, and triggering a precautionary action by the vehicle in response without waiting for a more precise detection. The vehicle has a multi-level sensor range, wherein a first level of the sensor range is adjacent an outer bounds of the sensor range and has a first confidence value, and a second level of the sensor range is within the first range and has a second, higher confidence value. In situations when oncoming traffic is traveling at a high rate of speed, the vehicle responds to noisier detections, or objects perceived with a lower degree of confidence, rather than waiting for verification which may come too late.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods, servers, and tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions for creating one or more new insurance policy quotes for a customer associated with a customer vehicle may be may be described. The computer-implemented methods, servers, and instructions may include receiving a coverage type for the customer vehicle, causing usage data corresponding to the coverage type to be tracked, receiving the usage data, generating the new insurance policy quotes corresponding to the coverage type based upon at least the usage data, and causing the new insurance policy quotes to be displayed.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for determining a primary movement window from a vehicle trip is presented. A client computing device may be placed in a vehicle, be free to move with respect to movement of the vehicle, and include an accelerometer. A computer network may receive a plurality of telematics data originating from the client computing device. One or more processors may select one or more data points from the telematics data, and determine that a total spectral power of the selected data points meets a threshold value. The one or more processors may identify a primary movement window including the selected data points if the total spectral power of the selected data points does not meet the threshold value.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for hybrid radar and camera edge sensors are disclosed. Examples disclosed herein relate to a hybrid sensor system having a plurality of edge sensors positioned on the perimeter of a vehicle. The hybrid sensor system processes signals received from the various sensors to identify a target located within the vicinity of the vehicle.

Abstract: An arrangement for control of the drive speed of a harvester comprises an internal control loop for control of the drive speed of the harvester, to which can be sent a set value and an actual value of a throughput-dependent parameter, and also an external control loop to make available the set value of the throughput-dependent parameter for the internal control loop, to which set and actual values regarding the power output of a drive of the harvester can be sent as input parameters.

Abstract: A vehicle rear warning system includes: a driving information detection portion that collects information measured from a radar and a camera sensor in a reverse mode of a vehicle; and a controller that separates a danger zone and a safe zone with reference to a fixed obstacle at a rear of the vehicle by performing fusion of the information measured from the radar and the camera in the reverse mode of the vehicle, and generates a collision event and controls warning and braking when a moving object approaching from the danger zone is detected, while limiting the warning and braking for a moving object existing in the safe zone.

Abstract: Systems and methods for mitigating certain spoofing of vehicle features are disclosed herein. An example method can include determining input torque values obtained from a steering torque sensor associated with a steering wheel of a vehicle, wherein the input torque values are obtained over a period of time, determining road disturbances using a road disturbance model, applying a driver model that is indicative of human driver hands-on-wheel behaviors, determining when input torque values are indicative of a spoof or human interaction with the steering wheel using the input torque values, the road disturbance model, and the driver model, and executing a remediating measure when the input torque values are indicative of the spoof.

Abstract: A driver monitoring (DM) computing device for monitoring driving behavior of a driver in real-time is provided. The DM computing device detects a user computer device associated with a driver inside the vehicle. The DM computing device collects state data of the user computer device. The state data includes data as to a state of the user computer device during a currently occurring trip. The DM computing device collects vehicle operation data of the vehicle while the driver and the user computer device are inside the vehicle. The DM computing device compares the collected vehicle operation data and the state data of the user computer device to determine whether the user computer device was activated during the currently occurring trip. The DM computing device causes a driving reward to be applied to an account associated with the driver for inactivity of the user computer device during the currently occurring trip.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods, servers, and tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions for creating one or more new insurance policy quotes for a customer associated with a customer vehicle may be may be described. The computer-implemented methods, servers, and instructions may include receiving a coverage type for the customer vehicle, causing usage data corresponding to the coverage type to be tracked, receiving the usage data, generating the new insurance policy quotes corresponding to the coverage type based upon at least the usage data, and causing the new insurance policy quotes to be displayed.

Abstract: A driver assist analysis system includes a processing system and a database that stores vehicle data, vehicle operational data, vehicle accident data, and environmental data related to the configuration and operation of a plurality of vehicles with driver assist systems or features. The driver assist analysis system also includes one or more analysis engines that execute on the processing system to determine one or more driving anomalies (e.g., accidents or poor driving operation) based on the vehicle operational data, and that correlate or determine a relationship between the driving anomalies and the operation of the driver assist systems or features. The driver assist analysis system then determines an effectiveness of operation of one or more of the driver assist systems or features as a statistical measure based on the determined relationship and the driver assist analysis system notifies a user or receiver, such as a manufacturer or an insurance company of the statistical measure.

Abstract: A processing system comprises a first integrated circuit (IC) and a second IC. The first IC comprises first image processing circuitry, first display panel driver circuitry, and first communication circuitry. The first image processing circuitry is configured to generate a first overlay image by overlaying a first partial input image with a first image element based on first partial input image data representing the first partial input image and first image element data representing the first image element. The first display panel driver circuitry is configured to drive a display panel based on the first overlay image. The first communication circuitry is configured to output second image element data representing a second image element to the second IC.

Abstract: A method for determining vehicle insurance costs includes receiving a starting location and a destination location for a trip using a vehicle. One or more routes for the vehicle from the starting location to the destination location are received. A cost of insurance is determined for each of the one or more routes for the trip. The cost of insurance for each of the one or more routes for the trip is displayed. A selected route from the one or more routes is received. Operation of the vehicle for the trip is enabled along the selected route.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to analyzing head movements in a test driver tasked with monitoring the driving of a vehicle operating in an autonomous driving mode. For instance, a sensor may be used to capture sensor data of a test driver's head for a period of time. The sensor data may be analyzed to determine whether the test driver's head moved sufficiently enough to suggest that the test driver is engaged in monitoring the driving of the vehicle. Based on the determination of whether the test driver's head moved sufficiently enough, an intervention response may be initiated.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an interface and a control circuit. The interface may be configured to receive a plurality of sensor signals from a vehicle platform of a vehicle and present one or more control signals to the vehicle platform. The control circuit may be configured to (i) detect whether an attention state of a driver is in an attentive state or an inattentive state in response to one or more of the plurality of sensor signals from the vehicle platform during a first window having a first duration, (ii) assess whether the driver is sufficiently attentive by monitoring the one or more of the plurality of sensor signals from the vehicle platform and determining whether changes in the attention state of the driver during a second window having a second duration that is longer than the first duration exceeds a threshold, and (iii) when the threshold is exceeded, transition operation of the vehicle to the driver and safely discontinue an automation system function of the vehicle.

Abstract: A driving accident simulation, having a head-wearable user interface (e.g., a head-worn virtual-reality display), may be used to inform a driver of the driver's potential liability under different insurance options. The simulation may determine damages caused by the simulated accident, and identify multiple insurance options and the resulting user liability under each option. The simulation may also be used to assess an insurance adjuster's ability to estimate damages from an accident, by receiving the adjuster's estimate and comparing it to the simulation's own estimate of damages. In some embodiments, the simulation may present a driver with a simulated view from a point of view of another party to the simulated accident.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one camera configured to capture at least one image of a traffic lane, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) configured to detect motion characteristics, and at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to obtain a vehicle motion trajectory using the IMU and based on one or more vehicle path prediction parameters, obtain a vehicle vision trajectory based on the at least one image, wherein the vehicle vision trajectory includes at least one lane boundary, determine distances between one or more points on the vehicle and one or more intersection points of the at least one lane boundary based on the obtained vehicle motion trajectory, determine at least one time to line crossing (TTLC) based on the determined distances and a speed of the vehicle, and activate a lane departure warning indicator based on the determined at least one TTLC.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage devices for providing directions haptically such that sight and hearing can continue unimpeded. In one exemplary embodiment, a wearable device (such as earphones, ear rings, gloves, glasses, or other wearable objects) configured as disclosed herein receives directions to an intended destination for a user, the directions comprising a movement action and a distance to the movement action. The wearable device has multiple haptic output units and generates, through one of those units, a haptic output based on the directions. This allows the user to receive the directions through touch rather than looking at their mobile device or from audio.