Abstract: Disclosed are a radar image generation method and an apparatus for performing the same. The radar image generation method includes receiving a received signal received at each of radars that are distributed and arranged; generating an input signal by processing the received signal; generating a support vector based on the input signal; updating the support vector; updating a coefficient corresponding to the support vector; and generating a radar image based on the support vector and the coefficient.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method for generating a target set using a radar includes: generating, using the radar, a plurality of radar images; receiving the plurality of radar images with a convolutional encoder; and generating the target set using a plurality of fully-connected layers based on an output of the convolutional encoder, where each target of the target set has associated first and second coordinates.

Abstract: A survey system including a multibeam echo sounder having a single projector array and a single hydrophone array constructs a multi-component message for ensonifying multiple fans and deconstructs a corresponding message echo for use in analyzing the returns from each fan.

Abstract: Techniques regarding the dispatchment of adapted quantum computer programs are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a system, which can comprise a memory that can store computer executable components. The system can also comprise a processor, operably coupled to the memory, and that can execute the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a dispatch component that can adapt a quantum circuit of a quantum computer program comprised within a queue based on a parameter of a quantum computer that is assigned to execute the quantum computer program.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an integrated positioning method and system. The method comprises: receiving IMU data, and solving for the IMU data in a first Kalman filter to obtain a system state variable of an autonomous vehicle; receiving and buffering measurement data, and regarding the measurement data as current measurement data; performing measurement updating: obtaining the system state variable at a measurement time of current measurement data, and solving in the second Kalman filter to obtain an updated system state variable; if measurement data after the measurement time of the measurement data is already buffered, regarding the already-buffered measurement data after the measurement time as current measurement data, and performing the measurement update. The present disclosure can solve the problem about measurement information disorder caused by inconsistency of time delay in solving between different sensors, and improve real time and accuracy of the positioning.

Abstract: A tracking system for tracking a moving target includes a processor and a tracking module that implements an iterative process for tracking the moving target. The iterative process includes receiving sensor data for a current state of the moving target. The process also includes applying a filter engine to the sensor data and a measure of error of a previous prediction of the current state of the target to produce a first estimate for an upcoming state and a first measure of error thereof. The process also includes receiving from at least one second tracking system, at least one second estimate for the upcoming state and second measure of error thereof. The process further includes defining a consensus estimate for the upcoming state and a consensus measure of error thereof using the first estimate and the at least one second estimate and the first and second measure of error thereof.

Abstract: An antenna having an array structure for full-duplex communication on a same wireless resource is provided, as well a network element including such an antenna and a beamforming processor. A method for transmitting and receiving simultaneously on a same wireless resource using such an antenna is also provided. The antenna includes multiple transmit antenna elements, each of these elements coupled to a respective gain-controlled transmit amplifier. The antenna also includes multiple receive antenna elements, each of these elements coupled to a respective gain-controlled receive amplifier. The antenna also includes an electromagnetic isolation structure located between the plurality of transmit antenna elements and the plurality of receive antenna elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for correcting measuring errors of a long-distance scanning laser radar, comprising: S1, establishing a measuring model and acquiring a positional relationship between a measured point and a coordinate origin; S2, acquiring an actual positional relationship between the measured point and a laser radar and establishing error models of three major error sources; S3, performing a sub-parameter measuring experiment on the laser radar to acquire major sample data of the three major error sources; S4, analyzing probability density distribution of the three major error sources with a statistical method to obtain error correction samples of the three major error sources in a three-dimensional coordinate system; S5, acquiring three-dimensional coordinate samples according to the error correction samples of the three major error sources and the measuring model; and S6, correcting a three-dimensional coordinate measuring point in real time.

Abstract: A method for the coherent tracking of a time varying signal using evolutionary computing including global and local optimization techniques for the purpose of obtaining better performance under poor signal reception conditions, multipath errors, indoors, and for obtaining more accurate estimates of carrier phase, carrier frequency, and modulation phase at low signal levels without being subject to the traditional phase lock tracking loops (PLL) or delay lock tracking loops (DLL) limitations.

Abstract: The invention concerns a satellite geopositioning method on the basis of satellites each transmitting dual-frequency signals. The method comprises, for each satellite, a step of computation of four pseudo-distances on the basis of the two codes and the two carriers of the received dual-frequency geopositioning signals, a step of correction of the ionospheric delays over each computed pseudo-distance by applying an ionospheric error propagation model, a step of carrier code smoothing using a Kalman filter in order to provide a pseudo-distance measurement without measurement noise and to correct the residual ionospheric error. The position is estimated by using the corrected pseudo-distances computed for each satellite.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for tracking a target moving between states using an iterative process. The apparatus receives sensor data for a current state i, and applies a cubature information filter and an H-infinity filter thereto to respectively produce an estimate for the upcoming state i+1 and a measure of error thereof, and adjust the measure of error. The apparatus then defines a consensus estimate of the upcoming state i+1 and a consensus adjusted measure of error thereof from the estimate and adjusted measure of error, and a second estimate and second adjusted measure of error that is received from at least one second apparatus tracking the target. The apparatus then applies a cubature information filter to the consensus estimate of the upcoming state i+1 and the consensus adjusted measure of error to predict the upcoming state i+1.

Abstract: A radar device that detects one or more information elements, groups the one or more information elements into one or more first groups in each frame, the one or more first groups including information on one or more first objects of which Doppler speeds fall within a determined range, groups the one or more information elements into one or more second groups in each frame, the one or more second groups including information on one or more second objects of which Doppler speeds fall outside the determined range calculates first positions in m-th frame, of positions of groups to be followed of the first groups and the second groups in n-th frame and extracts the groups to be followed in the m-th frame from the first groups and the second groups in the m-th frame using the first positions.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a signal, which includes reflections of multiple pulses from one or more targets (24). A Doppler focusing function, in which the reflections of the multiple pulses from each target accumulate in-phase to produce a respective peak associated with a respective delay and a respective Doppler frequency of the target, is evaluated based on the received signal. Respective delays and Doppler frequencies of the targets are estimated based on the Doppler focusing function.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a Radar transceiver for object detection comprises a two dimensional antenna array receiving plurality of a reflected radio frequency (RF) signals, a mux-adder selectively adding the reflected RF signals in first mode and selectively multiplexing the reflected RF signals in a second mode, a range bin detector determining a valid range bins in the first mode and a three dimensional (3D) image reconstructor operating on the valid range bins to reconstruct a 3D image of the object in the second mode. In that the two dimensional antenna array comprises antenna elements arranged in K rows and M columns, and the mux-adder adds a RF signal received on the M columns of each row in the first mode. The mux-adder multiplexes the RF signal received on the M columns of each row in the second mode.

Abstract: A method for managing track crossovers and a device for tracking mobile objects that is suitable for implementing the method are provided. The method for managing track crossovers comprises, for each track at a given time, a step Stp1 of testing in order to determine whether the track in question is ambiguous or not at the given time and, if the track is ambiguous, a step Stp2 of specific processing of the estimate of the track.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for placement and scheduling of radio signal processing dataflow operations. An example method provides a primitive radio signal processing computational dataflow graph that comprises nodes representing operations and directed edges representing data flow. The nodes and directed edges of the primitive radio signal processing computational dataflow graph are partitioned to produce a set of software kernels that, when executed on processing units of a target hardware platform, achieve a specific optimization objective. Runtime resource scheduling, including data placement for individual software kernels in the set of software kernels to efficiently execute operations on the processing units of the target hardware platform. The resources of the processing units in the target hardware platform are then allocated according to the defined runtime resource scheduling.

Abstract: A capture point calculating portion calculates a local maximum point of the intensity of reflection from power profile information. The maximum point calculated by the capture point calculating portion is used as a capture point at which a target object is captured. A capture region calculating portion calculates at least one or more capture regions, each including a capture point. If a plurality of capture regions are calculated, a capture region grouping portion determines whether or not to perform grouping of the capture regions based on a predetermined condition. An object determining portion determines the type of the object (for example, a large vehicle, a small vehicle, a two-wheel vehicle, and a pedestrian) based on the capture region obtained as a result of grouping.

Abstract: An ultrasound imaging system includes an ultrasound transducer that receives an echo signal generated in response to an ultrasound signal transmitted by the system interacting with a moving material. Receive circuitry processes the echo signal and produces an electrical signal indicative thereof. Front end electronics amplify and digitize the electrical signal producing M-bit RF data. A beamformer that processes the M-bit RF data and generates N-bit high dynamic range beamformed data. N is greater than M. The system further includes pre-processing circuitry that converts the N-bit data RF to 2×K-bit I/Q data. K is less than M. A velocity processor determines a phase estimate of the moving material from the I/Q data. A rendering engine visually presents the phase estimate.

Abstract: A detection device includes: a detection circuit which carries out detection processing of a physical quantity on the basis of a signal from a physical quantity transducer and outputs detected data of the physical quantity; and a correction unit which carries out correction processing on the detected data and outputs the data after the correction processing as output data. The correction unit carries out the correction processing to reduce an integration error generated in the case where the output data is subjected to integration processing, on the detected data of m bits, and outputs the output data of n bits (n and m being natural numbers, holding n<m).

Abstract: Exemplary practice of this invention implements a computer to model human decision-making within a comprehensive human-perception construct dichotomized as probabilistically perceptual and preferentially perceptual. Potential actions are identified. Each identified potential action is evaluated in consideration of (i) probabilities of success as perceived by the decision-maker, and (ii) preferences of the decision-maker relating to consistency, credibility, confidence, bias, and urgency. Decision-making is modeled on a continual basis whereby evaluation of at least one potential action is performed anew in each successive time-step. Evaluations of potential actions yield “goodness” values, which are compared to determine best potential actions. Threshold “goodness” parameters are established to filter out some potential actions and leave other potential actions for goodness comparison.

Abstract: A method for wirelessly transmitting geographic coordinate information and a system and apparatus implementing the method. The method may include obtaining a latitude coordinate and a longitude coordinate, correlating a first radio frequency to the latitude coordinate, correlating a second radio frequency to the longitude coordinate, transmitting a signal at the first radio frequency, and transmitting a signal at the second radio frequency.

Abstract: A radar apparatus is disclosed which includes: a distance detecting part configured to detect, among plural bins, an existence distance bin in which the target object exists, a direction detecting process executing part configured to execute a process of detecting a direction in which the target object exists, with respect to a distance bin other than the existence distance bin detected by the distance detecting part, among plural bins from which relative distances to the target object can be calculated, if a predetermined criterion is met; an existence area detecting part configured to detect, based on an execution result of the direction detecting process executing part, an area in which the target object exists.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a radar device and a velocity calculation method with which velocity can be calculated more accurately. A radar device 1 comprises a transmitter 23, a first velocity calculator 31a, a second velocity calculator 31b, a first velocity corrector 33a, and a second velocity corrector 33b. The transmitter 23 transmits pulse signals at two or more different pulse repetition frequencies. The first velocity calculator 31a calculates a first Doppler velocity based on a first received signal. The second velocity calculator 31b calculates a second Doppler velocity based on a second received signal. The first velocity corrector 33a calculates a first corrected Doppler velocity by folding correction of the first Doppler velocity. The second velocity corrector 33b calculates a second corrected Doppler velocity by folding correction of the second Doppler velocity.

Abstract: A radar signal processing apparatus is disclosed which includes: time-series phase data generating section 3 generating time-series phase data in a range bin of interest based on a range profile indicating, for each range bin, a phase of a reflected wave of a radio wave from a target; phase-rotation-amount time-series data generating section 4 that divides the time-series phase data into segments of a predetermined time length, calculates an amount of phase rotation that occurs in the segments, and generates time-series data on the amount of phase rotation; pattern matching section 6 that performs pattern matching between the generated time-series data on the amount of phase rotation and a template of time-series data on the amount of phase rotation that is defined by a distance and a moving speed; and speed detection section 7 that detects the moving speed of the target based on a result of the pattern matching.

Abstract: A multi-static radar system for monitoring water surface targets is provided. The multi-static radar system may include a first and second radar, a state machine, and a signal processor. The radars may be located in separate locations and synchronized using timing signals. The state machine may be configured to determine, using the timing signals, start times and end times of radio frequency signal modulations for each radar. A concept of negative pseudo-range is provided, whereby the modulation start times are configured to allow pseudo-negative time delays at as many as half of the radar receivers, thereby doubling the multi-static echo detections. The signal processor may be configured to simultaneously receive and process the echoes of the radar signals received at the radars to determine position and velocity vectors for the monitored water surface targets.

Abstract: A signal processing device includes: a plurality of multipliers configured to obtain a first multiplication result by multiplying a tap coefficient by 1/?2; a plurality of mappers configured to output a mapping result based on a first mapping coefficient and a digital input signal; and a plurality of first selectors configured to select the first multiplication result based on the mapping result.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a location of a first device that emits a signal: provide at least three sensors separated and spaced apart from each other; at each of the sensors, receive the signal emitted by the first device; determine the received signals for each of the sensors; determine cross-correlations of the received signals for pairs of the sensors; and determine the location of the first device from the magnitudes of the cross-correlations of the received signals.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention relates to a radar apparatus, wherein a distance to a target and a velocity of the target are measured by transmitting a digitally modulated transmitting signal using a digital code and receiving and demodulating an echo signal returned due to reflection of the transmitting signal from the target.

Abstract: There is a calculation device for a radar apparatus which is configured to specify a direction of a target based on a reception signal of an antenna. A calculation unit is configured to calculate a relative displacement magnitude in a lateral direction of the target relative to a traveling direction of a moving object having the antenna mounted thereon, from data of the target position-measured by the reception signal while the moving object is moving, and evaluate a relative inclination between a reference axis of a scanning direction of the radar apparatus and a reference axis of the traveling direction of the moving object, based on the displacement magnitude.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a target tracking apparatus calculates N-dimensional predicted values from a respective stored (N+1)-dimensional tracks for each of the targets, determines whether or not the N-dimensional predicted value for each of the targets is correlated with the received N-dimensional angle observed value for the target, if the N-dimensional predicted value is not correlated, generates a new (N+1)-dimensional track for the target based on the N-dimensional track corresponding to the N-dimensional angle observed value and if the N-dimensional predicted value is correlated, updates and stores the (N+1)-dimensional track using the N-dimensional angle observed value.

Abstract: A method for processing signals received by a plurality of receiving antennas in a radar system, for example for road safety, which emits sequences of chirp-modulated signals, wherein the received signals are mixed with local replicas of the transmitted signals so as to generate, for each receiving antenna, a sequence of detection signals. The detection signals are subjected to Fourier-transform processing and beam-forming processing for generating values of range, azimuth, and speed for at least one obstacle or “target” detected by the radar system. The method includes an acquisition process for yielding approximate values of range and azimuth of the obstacle, and a tracking process for yielding accurate range, azimuth and speed values of the obstacle itself.

Abstract: In a radar apparatus, a peak extractor performs frequency analysis on a beat signal to obtain a frequency spectrum for each of first and second detection modes based on the beat signal for a corresponding one of the first and second detection modes. The peak extractor extracts a plurality of first peak-signal components from the frequency spectrum obtained for the first detection mode, and a plurality of second peak-signal components from the frequency spectrum obtained for the second detection mode. A determiner compares each of the plurality of first peak-signal components with a corresponding one of the plurality of second peak-signal components to deter mine whether a noise is included in the beat signal according to a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A system for providing a multi-mode, multi-static interferometer may include a transmitter array, a receiver array and a processor. The transmitter array includes at least a first transmitter and a second transmitter spatially separated from each other by a first known distance. The receiver array includes at least a first receiver and a second receiver spatially separated from each other by a second known distance. The receiver array is positioned to enable receipt of a return signal from transmissions provided by the transmitter array and reflecting off an object. The processor is configured to enable the transmitter array to generate uniquely coded signals and configured to distinguish, based on the uniquely coded signals, a first signal transmitted by the first transmitter from a second signal transmitted by the second transmitter in response to reception of a combined signal including reflected signals corresponding to at least the first and second signals by the receiver array.

Abstract: A process for reducing erroneous plots when detecting targets using High Frequency surfacewave radar (HFSWR) is provided. Detection of genuine targets is thereby enhanced. A first difference in range of an apparent target is determined, based on range data, associated with the apparent target. A second difference in range of the apparent target is determined, based on Doppler data, associated with the apparent target. The first and second range differences are compared to one another over time to assess a consistency therebetween.

Abstract: A signal processing unit in a radar device calculates a change amount Y (=log(P)?log(Pb)) between a power P of a current arrival echo and a power of a previous arrival echo arrived before an observation period TSW. A memory unit in the radar device stores, every type of objects, a probability distribution of the change amount Y calculated from the arrival echo from the object. On the basis of the calculated change amount Y and the probability distribution, the signal processing unit determines a probability Pr to obtain the change amount Y every type of object, and determines that the object having the maximum probability Pr is the object which transmits the current arrival echo.

Abstract: A radar transmitting unit Tx transmits a radio-frequency radar transmission signal from a transmission antenna which is inclined in the direction of a depression angle ?. A radar receiving unit Rx estimates the height and speed of a vehicle which travels on a road surface using a reflected wave signal from the vehicle. A template generating unit generates a variation in a phase component of the reflected wave signal corresponding to N heights and speeds of the vehicle as N templates. N vehicle height/speed template correlation calculation units #1 to #Nrep calculate correlation on the basis of any one of the N templates and a correlation value between the reflected wave signal and a transmission code of the radar transmission signal.

Abstract: An electronic scanning radar apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a frequency resolving unit resolves beat signals into beat frequencies having a predetermined frequency bandwidth and calculates complex data based on the resolved beat signals for each beat frequency. An azimuth calculating unit estimates a number of received waves based on eigenvalues of a matrix being part of a primary normal equation having complex data as elements calculated from the beat signals, creates coefficients calculated as a solution of a secondary normal equation of a signal subspace created based on eigenvalues and eigenvectors corresponding to the number of the estimated waves, and calculates a DOA of a received wave based on the created coefficients.

Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus are provided to reduce the complexity of calculations needed to determine the time of arrival of position reference signals transmitted from multiple cells. A scheduler determines at a given instance what portions of a search grid or search window to search. A timing estimation circuit operating under the control of the scheduler computes timing estimates and reports the timing estimates back to the scheduler. The scheduler uses the timing estimates reported by the detection circuit to scheduler subsequent searches of the search grid or search window.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for locating non-cooperating objects by means of a random or pseudo-random noisy type waveform generator, an amplifier, of said waveforms and an antenna which radiates them towards the object, which object generates an electromagnetic echo which is detected by a passive subsystem of antennas and receivers. The time delay and Doppler shift values are determined in the latter subsystem and in turn forwarded from encoding and modulating blocks to a central processor which estimates the position and the speed of the object. The passive subsystem receives, through a transmission channel or storage element, the reference signal which represents the transmitted noisy type waveform and uses it for calculating the bi-dimensional cross correlation (ambiguity function), which permits to estimate the time delay and the Doppler shift.

Abstract: Control circuitry is configured to control a sampler, in a sampling phase determination process, to sample a signal at a sampling period of T±T/n for outputting a sample set for each one of n phases of the sampled signal. Each one of n correlators has a first input configured to receive one of the sample sets, a second input configured to receive a PN signal, and an output which provides a correlation result from a correlation process between the sample set and the PN signal. The control circuitry is further configured to identify, from the correlation results, one of the phases associated with the optimal correlation result. The control circuitry is then configured to control the sampler, in a communication mode, to sample a received signal at a sampling period of T at the phase associated with the optimal correlation result.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring a distance in a wireless environment are provided, in which a first device transmits a distance measurement signal to a second device and receives at least one response signal for the distance measurement signal from the second device, matches the received response signal with a reference signal to detect an earliest response signal, and calculates a time taken from the transmission of the distance measurement signal to the second device and the reception of the response signal from the second device using a peak value of the matched reference signal.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, bias estimation and orbit determination include receiving measurements in real time. The measurements include radar measurements and radar array orientation measurements. The radar measurements are generated by a radar system and indicate the location of a target. The radar array orientation measurements are generated by a navigation system and indicate the orientation of a radar array of the radar system. A state variable set is used. The state variable set includes measurement variables and dynamic bias variables. For example, a state variable set may include orbit position, orbit velocity, radar orientation, and radar measurement variables, which in turn may include dynamic bias variables such as orientation bias variables and measurement bias variables. A measurement variable is associated with a measurement, and a dynamic bias variable is associated with bias of a measurement.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicular radar device which is capable of reducing an operation resource quantity necessary for a process of estimating an axis deviation angle in a radar measurement coordinate system, to thereby reduce a device size. The vehicular radar device includes: a measurement unit that measures an azimuth angle and a relative Doppler velocity; an extraction/accumulation unit that extracts target information satisfying conditions related to the relative Doppler velocity, a travel speed and a turning velocity, and accumulates the azimuth angle and a velocity ratio obtained by dividing the relative Doppler velocity by the travel speed of the subject vehicle among the extracted target information; and an axis deviation angle estimate unit that reads the target information accumulated in the extraction/accumulation unit, and estimates an axis deviation angle of the measurement coordinate system of a radar based on a second-order polynomial expression of the azimuth angle of the target.

Abstract: A coherent integration section synthesizes an IF signal stored in a memory and a C/A code replica generated by a code generation section using a mixer to calculate a correlation value, and integrates the correlation value using an integration section. An integration count monitoring section counts the integration count of the integration section. When a saturation control section has detected saturation of integration of the correlation values, the integration count monitoring section causes the integration section to suspend integration when the integration count is equal to or less than a reference count, and allows the integration section to continue integration when the integration count has exceeded the reference count.

Abstract: A method of tracking an object including the steps of: collecting N measurements of range Ri and Doppler velocity Di associated with the object from a plurality M of radar sensors Si each measurement being assigned a time stamp ti; time aligning each Range Ri measurement to a common time stamp tN to provide a corresponding time aligned range Pi for each of the N measurements; using each time aligned Range measurement Pi to define a corresponding spherical equation such that N spherical equations are defined; and deriving analytical solutions from three of the N spherical equations to determine the position vector of the object.

Abstract: A FMCW-type radar device generates snapshot data from a beat signal that represents a received condition of the radar device every modulation period. Auto-correlation matrices generated by the snapshot data every modulation period are averaged every set of plural periods. The radar device calculates the target azimuth of a target object such as a preceding vehicle based on the averaged auto-correlation matrix based on MUSIC (MUltiple SIgnal Classification) method. This averaging is performed by weighting average based on an amount of mixed noise (or an interference amount) contained in the snapshot data in each modulation period. A weighting coefficient to be applied to the auto-correlation matrix in each modulation period is set to a value corresponding to the amount of mixed noise, namely, the interference amount of this modulation period. The weighting coefficient becomes large when the interference amount is small, and on the other hand, becomes small when it is large.

Abstract: A radar system includes: a transmission antenna outputting transmission signals having multiple frequencies; multiple reception antennas receiving reflected waves of the transmission signals, reflected from an object; a mixer mixing the transmission signals with reception signals received by the reception antennas to generate beat signals; and a signal processing unit detecting Doppler frequency by analyzing frequencies of the beat signals, detecting phase information of the Doppler frequency for each of combinations of the reception antennas and the transmission signal frequencies, constructing a matrix having the pieces of phase information arranged in a predetermined order with respect to the reception antennas and the frequencies of the transmission signals, obtaining a correlation matrix from the matrix and its complex conjugate transposed matrix, and estimating at least one of a distance, direction and relative velocity of the object based on the correlation matrix.

Abstract: An electronic scanning type radar device mounted on a moving body includes: a transmission unit transmitting a transmission wave; a reception unit comprising a plurality of antennas receiving a reflection wave of the transmission wave from a target; a beat signal generation unit generating a beat signal from the transmission wave and the reflection wave; a frequency resolution processing unit frequency computing a complex number data; a target detection unit detecting an existence of the target; a correlation matrix computation unit computing a correlation matrix from each of a complex number data of a detected beat frequency; a target consolidation processing unit linking the target in a present detection cycle and a past detection cycle; a correlation matrix filtering unit generating an averaged correlation matrix by weighted averaging a correlation matrix of a target in the present detection cycle and a correlation matrix of a related target in the past detection cycle; and a direction detection unit compu

Abstract: Blood-flow image display equipment for displaying a CFM image that is not affected by a motion of a tissue in an object area during capturing of images or is affected in a reduced manner.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fast method that locates nearby sources based solely on the time-of-flight of a signal across an array of sensors. The time delay for signal passage between all pairs of sensors is determined using cross-correlation estimates and a vector of time delays, ?, is constructed from the results. In the noise free case, each point in the plane is associated with a unique value of the ? vector. The plane is searched for a source location by minimizing the difference between the value of ? associated with the candidate location on the plane and the value estimated from cross-correlations. The search takes place over the three dimensional space that includes two coordinates in the plane and the propagation speed. The starting point for the search is constructed from an analytic fit of circular wave fronts to groups of sensors within the array.