Abstract: The present invention discriminates between moving targets and stationary targets in order to measure distances and speeds of the targets without producing a false target. The invention transmits signals whose modulating frequencies ascend or descend to a target, and receives signals reflected from this target. A frequency spectrum of a beat signal of each target is detected during a modulating frequency ascent period and a modulating frequency descent period. The frequency spectrum of the modulating frequency ascent period and the frequency spectrum of the modulating frequency descent period are used to set a reference spectrum. The reference beat frequencies of either the moving targets or the stationary targets are detected based upon the reference spectrum.

Abstract: A motion detector based on the Doppler principle contains a microwave module for emitting a microwave signal containing at least two frequencies into a room under surveillance and for receiving the radiation reflected from the latter. An evaluation stage is connected to the microwave module and generates first and second Doppler signals from the received radiation. The first and second Doppler signals have a phase difference which is proportional to the distance of an object reflecting the microwave signal. The phase difference is determined by an integral transformation. In addition, the relative size of an object and the direction of travel of an object reflecting the microwave signal can be determined by the evaluation stage.

Abstract: A Pulse-Doppler radar apparatus is constructed such that an output of an oscillator is divided by a distributor and an on/off switch for generating pulses is coupled to an IF input of a first harmonic mixer, in order to improve precision in measurement of a distance and speed.

Abstract: Interrogators, wireless communication systems, methods of operating an interrogator, methods of monitoring movement of a radio frequency identification device, methods of monitoring movement of a remote communication device and movement monitoring methods are provided. According to one aspect, an interrogator includes communication circuitry configured to output a forward wireless signal to a radio frequency identification device and to receive a return wireless signal from the radio frequency identification device; and a processor coupled with the communication circuitry and configured to process the return wireless signal to monitor movement of the radio frequency identification device.

Abstract: In apparatus and method for automatically controlling a vehicular velocity of an automotive vehicle maintaining an inter-vehicle distance to a preceding vehicle, a release of a follow-up run control (a vehicular run control) to control the vehicular velocity to follow up the preceding vehicle is smoothly carried out when a follow-up run release condition such that when the vehicle is running with a braking control executed on a road surface having a low frictional coefficient such as a wet road or snowy road. For example, when the vehicle is running under a follow-up run control to follow up the preceding vehicle and the release condition of the follow-up run control is established, a controller determines if the vehicle is under the braking control execution. If the vehicle is under the braking control, the follow-up run control is continued. Upon the end of the braking control, a follow-up run release flag FF is set to “1” and the follow-up run control is released.

Abstract: A device and process for measuring distances and/or speeds between a motor vehicle and several objects, like mobile targets and fixed targets, has an FMCW radar system, where the motor vehicle transmits a signal, whose transmitting frequency is modulated with at least two frequency ramps. A device detects the receiving signals from the objects and determines the respective straight lines and the intersecting points of these straight lines in a speed-distance diagram. A sorting device sorts out the intersecting points from fixed targets and the related straight lines. A device outputs the distances and/or the speeds, which correspond to the other intersecting points.

Abstract: An FM-CW radar is provided which may be employed in anti-collision systems or cruise control systems installed in moving objects such as automotive vehicles. The radar analyzes a beat signal in frequency to produce peak frequency components in a modulated frequency-rising range wherein the frequency of a frequency-modulated radar wave transmitted from the radar increases and a modulated frequency-falling range wherein the frequency of the radar wave decreases. If one of peak frequency pairs, each of which is made up of each of the peak frequency components in the modulated frequency-rising range and one of the peak frequency components in the modulated frequency-falling range, lies within a given lower frequency range, the radar identifies the one of the peak frequency pairs as radar data arising from a moving object appearing suddenly in a radar detection zone.

Abstract: An antenna base, a control circuit section, and a high-frequency circuit section are enclosed in an inner space defined by a housing and a radome. Inside this inner space, the control circuit section and the high-frequency circuit section are surrounded by the antenna base and the housing. A circuit GND common to the control circuit section and the high-frequency circuit section is electrically connected to the antenna base and the housing, and it is connected to a body GND through only capacitive impedance.

Abstract: An FM-CW radar is provided which may be employed in anti-collision systems or cruise control systems installed in moving objects such as automotive vehicles. The radar produces a first spectrum using a portion of a beat signal in a frequency rising range wherein the frequency of the radar wave increases and a second spectrum using a portion of the beat signal in a frequency falling range wherein the frequency of the radar wave decreases and moves the second spectrum by frequency shifts which are determined as a function of the speed of a radar-mounted vehicle and corrected for compensating various errors involved in measuring the speed of the vehicle to form spectrum groups each consisting of the frequency components moved by one of the corrected frequency shifts and frequency components in the other of the first and second spectra. The radar selects an optimum one of the spectrum groups for use in determining target data.

Abstract: Dual path detection processing in which a low SNR signal processor detects signals over a limited range of low acceleration values and a high SNR signal processor detects signals over a wider range of acceleration values. The low SNR signal processor uses acceleration bins formed from a noncoherent FFT array to detect low SNR signals of far away objects which tend to have lower angular acceleration. Because close proximity target objects tend to have higher SNR return signals, it is not necessary to rely on acceleration bins formed from an FFT array for signal detection. Close proximity targets with high SNR can often be detected in individual coherently integrated FFT templates, despite the likelihood of large acceleration uncertainty from higher angular acceleration rates.

Abstract: A radar device in which a much more precise demodulation can be made with an inexpensive circuit, free of the output variation of the frequency-modulated transmission signal. The radar device includes an oscillator which produces and outputs a frequency-modulated electromagnetic wave to a switching circuit by way of a directional coupler. The switching circuit uses switching modulation to radiate the electromagnetic wave from a transmitting antenna. The radiated electromagnetic wave after being reflected from an obstacle is received at a reception antenna. A mixer mixes this reception signal and a local signal fed from the directional coupler to produce a mixing signal which is to be fed to a high pass filter. The high pass filter deletes a low frequency output variation noise which is contained in the mixing signal and which occurs in the frequency modulation in the oscillator. The resulting mixing signal is, with the noise deleted, fed by way of an AC amplifier, to a switching demodulating circuit.

Abstract: Height-wise positions of objects are detected on the basis of distances to the objects from a vehicle, angles of the objects in a width-wise direction of the vehicle, and angles of the objects in a height-wise direction of the vehicle. A plurality of objects, which satisfy conditions predetermined depending on physical characteristics of delineators, are determined to be objects composing a delineator group. When the detected height-wise position of an object in the delineator group which is nearest to the vehicle corresponds to a predetermined value or less, the delineator group is determined to be a delineator group on a road surface. A determination is made as to whether each object in the on-road-surface delineator group is a non-delineator in response to conditions of the detected height-wise positions of the objects in the on-road-surface delineator group.

Abstract: A system for producing vehicle routes such as aircraft flight plans in the presence of weather and other hazards defines static and moving hazards with polygons drawn on a display containing graphic hazard regions. Different hazard types and intensities are displayed differently. Both lateral and vertical geographic depictions are displayed, and hazards can be displayed temporally as well. Users input information and thresholds for hazards.

Abstract: A timing and control method and apparatus (111) for performing precise range rate aiding includes a range gate delay means (114) for generating an estimate of the range gate delay (135) each pulse repetition interval as a function of the initial range (134) and velocity (133) provided by a processor (104). The range gate delay (135) is converted into a coarse delay (138) defining the integral number of clock cycles preceding the range gate, and a fine delay (139) for positioning a range gate to within a fraction of a clock cycle. Fine temporal control is achieved using programmable delay lines (117) and (118), which retard various control signals, including the system clock signal (131), in accordance with the fine delay (139). A modified signal (126) then drives a counter means (119) which outputs a signal (128) that defines an analog-to-digital sampling window beginning at the elapse of the range gate delay (135).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for measuring the speed of a vehicle by transmitting a wave beam directed at the vehicle, receiving a part of the wave beam reflected by the vehicle, comparing the reflected beam part with the transmitted wave beam and deriving from this comparison the speed of the vehicle, wherein during the speed measurement the position of the vehicle is also determined. A vehicle committing an offense can thus be identified unambiguously in a recording which is made after detection of the speeding offense. The speed of the vehicle can be determined from a difference in wavelength detected during the comparison between the reflected beam part and the transmitted wave beam, while the position of the vehicle is determined from a time lag detected during the comparison between the moment of transmitting and the moment of receiving the reflected beam part.

Abstract: Provided is a radar apparatus for use on a vehicle and for detecting one target or two or more targets present in a scan range by scanning the scan range with a radar beam, which has a means for obtaining prior target data by scanning the scan range with the radar beam, a grouping means for carrying out grouping of the prior target data according to a predetermined condition to obtain group data, and a target recognition means for identifying the group data and prior target data remaining without being grouped, as detection data corresponding to respective targets and carrying out recognition of each target corresponding to each detection data. The grouping means makes provision of a plurality of predetermined conditions, selects one condition or two or more conditions according to position information of prior target data to be grouped, and carries out the grouping based on the condition(s) selected. This radar apparatus for use on the vehicle can accurately perform the grouping of point data.

Abstract: We describe an efficient algorithm for evaluating the (weighted bipartite graph of) associations between two sets of data with gaussian error, e.g., between a set of measured state vectors and a set of estimated state vectors. First a general method is developed for determining, from the covariance matrix, minimal d-dimensional error ellipsoids for the state vectors which always overlap when a gating criterion is satisfied. Circumscribing boxes, or d-ranges, for the data ellipsoids are then found and whenever they overlap the association probability is computed. For efficiently determining the intersections of the d-ranges a multidimensional search tree method is used to reduce the overall scaling of the evaluation of associations. Very few associations that lie outside the predetermined error threshold or gate are evaluated. Empirical testing for variously distributed data in both three and eight dimensions indicate that the scaling is significantly reduced from N2, where N is the size of the data set.

Abstract: The invention particularly relates to the detection of fast-flying targets by means of an HPRF radar system that operates with a plurality of switchable pulse-repetition frequencies (PRFs). In the method, a high velocity resolution is attained, which permits a reliable detection of a multiple-target situation. At the same time, a precise range determination is attained with a high range resolution by means of a pure transit-time measurement of the pulses. The length of the used range gates is selected to correspond to the anticipated target length.

Abstract: A device for distance measurement by radar comprises a frequency modulated radar-transmitter and -receiver (10) by which a radar beam is directed onto an object to be measured and in which by mixing the transmitted and the received frequency a beat signal (30) is obtained. By use of frequency modulation (16) the frequency of the transmitted radar signal of the radar-transmitter and -receiver is variable periodically according to a saw tooth function. The frequency of the beat signal, due to the travel time of the radar signal reflected by the object, represents a measured value for the distance of the object. A signal processing circuit generates from the beat signal obtained a measured value of the distance. For this purpose the beat signal is fed into a phase control circuit or phase locked loop circuit (66) the output frequency of which makes the measured value of distance.

Abstract: A radar apparatus is comprised of; transmitting means for outputting a transmission electromagnetic wave; receiving means for IQ-phase-detecting a reception electromagnetic wave received when a transmission electromagnetic wave is reflected from a target object and returned from the target object; signal converting means for FFT-processing an output signal of the receiving means; and signal processing means in which if there are one pair of spectrums having positive and negative peak values of amplitude levels, while absolute values of frequencies thereof are identical to each other, among the data converted by this signal converting means, then it is so judged that such a spectrum having a large peak value of an amplitude level is a true spectrum, and both a distance and a relative speed between the target object and the radar apparatus are calculated by employing the frequency of the judged true spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a handover method in a mobile communication system having a multilayer radio coverage, the system comprising at least one microcell (1, 2, 3) and at least one macrocell (M). The coverage area of the microcell (1, 2, 3) is at least mainly within the coverage area of the macrocell (M), the microcell layer forming a lower cell layer and the macrocell layer forming a higher cell layer. A cell to be examined and a target cell are located at different cell layers in the mobile communication system. In the method, relative moving speeds of mobile stations (MS) in the service area of a cell at the lower cell layer are determined and a traffic load in a cell at the higher cell layer is monitored.

Abstract: A radar apparatus is comprised of: receiving means for IQ-phase-detecting a reception electromagnetic wave received when a transmission electromagnetic wave is reflected from a target object and returned from the target object; signal converting means for FFT-processing an output signal of the receiving means; and amplitude level correcting means in which if there are one pair of spectrums having positive and negative peak values of amplitude levels, while absolute values of frequencies thereof are identical to each other, among the data converted by this signal converting means, then the amplitude level having the larger peak value is corrected so as to acquire a peak value of a true amplitude level.

Abstract: In an adaptive speed control system for a vehicle, a method and system for continued vehicle braking at a vehicle speed below a minimum operating speed threshold when a sensed target disappears. The method and system determine whether the vehicle speed is less than the minimum operating speed threshold, determine whether a sensed target has disappeared if the vehicle speed is less than the minimum operating speed threshold, and generate a phantom target having a range and range rate corresponding to a last known range and range rate, respectively, of the sensed target if the sensed target has disappeared. The method and system also control the vehicle speed based on the range and range rate of the phantom target.

Abstract: In a method for operating a radar system, the object is to determine by simple means and at low cost the distance and/or the radial velocity of at least one target object with high resolution. For this purpose, in each measuring phase of the measurement process in the "pulse FMCW radar system", switchover between a transmission mode and a receiving mode is effected a multiple number of times and at short intervals of time. In the transmission mode, all receiving units of the radar system are switched off, while a pulse-shaped (frequency-modulated) transmission signal with time-successive transmission pulses having a specific pulse-on time and a specific carrier frequency is emitted from at least one transmitter unit of the radar system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an onboard radar apparatus having a receiving and transmitting device for transmitting electromagnetic waves to objects and receiving the electromagnetic waves reflected by the objects repeatedly, and a signal processing device for repeatedly calculating relative ranges and relative velocities of the objects based on the transmitting electromagnetic waves and the receiving electromagnetic waves, wherein false images are judged by comparing their relative velocities, calculated from differences between the relative ranges of the objects in previous measurement and the relative ranges of the objects in current measurement, with said relative velocities of the objects, calculated based on the transmitting electromagnetic waves and the receiving electromagnetic waves in the current measurement; and thus judged false images are deleted from outputs of the apparatus, whereby the false images are not recognized as target objects and probability of occurrence of false images can be re

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting the presence of objects in a vehicle operator's blind spots. The apparatus comprises a side-facing Doppler radar system using continuous wave (CW) transmission with frequency modulation (FM) operation from a frequency modulation switching technique. The radar system determines the presence, range and closing rate of detected targets. The radar system detects targets even when operated in adverse weather conditions and will not generate false warnings due to rain clutter caused by wet roads and other wet surroundings. The radar system uses ranging techniques to reject false targets that are detected outside of a predetermined target detection zone. In accordance with the present invention, the radar system indicates that a target is detected if and only if any part of the target is within the detection zone and it: (1) remains in front of the antenna for at least TH1 seconds; (2) is at a range between Range.sub.min and Range.sub.

Abstract: In an FM-CW radar, a receive section has an array antenna in which a plurality of element antennas are arrayed as receive antennas, and a plurality of mixers for generating a beat signal of each channel from a receive signal for each element antenna, and a signal processing section comprises a first device for performing analog-to-digital conversion of the beat signal of each channel into a digital beat signal of each channel and storing it, a second device for performing a Fourier transform process for the digital beat signal of each channel to obtain Fourier transform data of each channel, a third device for performing a phase shift process according to beam direction angles for the Fourier transform data of each channel and thereafter synthesizing the Fourier transform data of each channel every beam direction angle to obtain Fourier transform data of each beam direction angle, and a fourth device for detecting a range to an object and a relative velocity of the object from the Fourier transform data of ea

Abstract: An FM-CW radar apparatus is provided which may be employed in automotive anti-collision or radar cruise control systems. The radar apparatus transmits as a radar wave a high-frequency signal which is so modulated in frequency with a modulating signal as to vary with time in the form of a triangular wave and mixes a received signal with a local signal that is part of the transmitted signal to produce a beat signal consisting of a fundamental frequency component as a function of the distance to and relative speed of a target object. The radar apparatus also includes an amplitude modulator which modulates the amplitude of at least one of the transmitted signal, the received signal, and the local signal in accordance with the modulating signal so that the modulation index falls within a range of zero (0) to one (1). This allows harmonic components with an improved SN ratio to be extracted from the beat signal which may be used in calculating the fundamental frequency component of the beat signal.

Abstract: In the method for automatically controlling the spacing of motor vehicles described in the specification, a lane width for a controlled vehicle which is defined for evaluation is varied as a function of transverse velocities of vehicles detected ahead of the controlled vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle with a millimeter wave radar by which not only a distance and a relative velocity can be measured but also traffic information of other various kinds can be obtained.

Abstract: A method for measuring the speed (V) of a vehicle (1) relative to the ground, of the type using the deviation in frequency associated with the Doppler effect between a transmitted wave (3) sent by radar (2) solidly connected to the vehicle and a reflected wave (4) reflected by the ground, characterized in that radar of the type allowing simultaneous measurement of the relative distance (D) and the relative speed (V) between the vehicle and the ground is used, and that the distance measurement is used to validate the speed measurement.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus is provided in a cellular base station for positioning a portable terminal in a cell covered by the cellular base station. The positioning apparatus has a base position indicative of a position of the cellular base station on a map. The positioning apparatus comprises an array antenna for receiving a transmission signal transmitted by the portable terminal to output a plurality of reception signals. A receiver section translates the reception signals into a plurality of baseband signals to demodulate the baseband signals into a plurality of demodulated signals. An estimation section estimates incident direction and delay time of the transmission signal on the basis of the demodulated signals to output an estimation result indicative of the incident direction and the delay time.

Abstract: A vehicle-mounted radar apparatus comprises: a transmitting-receiving device 8 including an FM modulator 1 for generating an FM modulation signal, a voltage controlled oscillator 2 for generating an electromagnetic wave subjected to FM modulation by the FM modulation signal, a transmitting antenna 4 for transmitting the FM-modulated electromagnetic wave, a receiving antenna 6 for receiving the electromagnetic wave reflected by a preceding vehicle 5, and a mixer 7 for mixing the FM-modulated electromagnetic wave and the electromagnetic wave from the receiving antenna and for outputting a beat signal; a signal processor 9 for computing a relative velocity and a relative distance with respect to the preceding vehicle on the basis of the beat signal; and a scanning mechanism 12 for rotatively driving the transmitting-receiving device, wherein a modulation period of the FM-modulated electromagnetic wave and a rotation angle range of the scanning mechanism are changed in accordance with the relative velocity and th

Abstract: A modulation signal generating section produces a modulation signal for controlling an oscillation frequency of a voltage-controlled oscillator. The modulation signal generating section comprises a triangular wave oscillator producing a linear modulation component of a triangular waveform which varies the modulation frequency linearly, a sine wave oscillator producing a cyclic modulation component of a sine waveform which varies the modulation frequency cyclically, and a signal adder producing the modulation signal by adding the linear modulation component and the cyclic modulation component. A transmitting signal frequency modulated by the modulation signal is mixed with a received signal and produces a beat signal comprising a fundamental wave component of a beat frequency and harmonic components.

Abstract: A radar data processing method of switching a continuous wave consisting of up phase and down phase into a transmission signal and a local signal in an interrupted manner and using a beat signal between the local signal and a reception signal. The method comprises the steps of setting a range of beat frequencies in up phase used for making a search for a combination and a range of beat frequencies in down phase used for making a search for a combination from beat frequencies corresponding to a distance range to be measured and a predetermined measurement speed range, and making a search for a combination for the same target for the beat frequencies in the up phase and the beat frequencies in the down phase only in the range.

Abstract: In an object detecting system for a vehicle to detect an object in accordance with the result of a search operation of the radar, and to allow detection of a deviation of the radar search direction irrespective of the vehicle traveling condition. The stationary object decision unit detects whether or not an object recognized by the object recognition unit as a result of the search operation of the radar is a stationary object. The moving locus of the object, which was determined to be stationary, relative to the vehicle is predicted by the locus prediction unit based on the detected value produced by the motion state detection unit. The actual moving locus of the object, determined as a stationary object, as observed from the vehicle is calculated by the actual locus calculation unit. The predicted value produced by the locus prediction unit and the calculated value produced by the actual locus calculation unit are compared by the comparison device.

Abstract: A single antenna is used so that time-division transmission and reception is carried out in a radar apparatus for obtaining a distance and a relative speed with respect to a target object based on a beat signal obtained by transmitting a frequency modulated signal and mixing a received signal reflected by said target object with the frequency modulated signal that is transmitted.

Abstract: A hierarchical object recognition method for aggregation, interpretation and classification of information from multiple sensor sources on the detection feature attribute level. The system extracts information derived from each sensor source to obtain detections and their feature attributes. At least two processing streams, one for each sensor source, are provided for converting the detections and their feature attributes into hypotheses on identity and class of detected objects. The detections are shared and combined between the two processing streams using hierarchical information fusion algorithms to determine which ones of the hypotheses on identity and class of detected objects have sufficient probabilities for classifying the information.

Abstract: In a method and device for frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar detection with removal of ambiguity between the distance and the speed, the radar sends out at least alternately two parallel and discontinuous frequency modulation ramps that are slightly offset by a frequency variation (.DELTA.F), the frequency switching from one ramp to the other at the end of a given duration (Tf), the distance from a detected target being estimated as a function of the difference in phase (.DELTA..phi.) between a received signal (S.sub.1 (t)) corresponding to the first ramp and a received signal (S.sub.2 (t)) corresponding to the second ramp, the speed of the target being obtained from the estimated distance and the ambiguity straight line associated with the target. The disclosed method and device can be applied especially to radars for automobiles.

Abstract: An object detecting system detects an object using an FM-CW wave, so that even if either one of rising-side and falling-side peak frequencies is missing, a plurality of objects can be accurately recognized by accurately combining pluralities of rising-side and falling-side peak frequencies. When it is determined that either one of rising-side and falling-side peak frequencies is missing, the combination of the peak frequencies is determined by calculating the missing peak frequency based on a peak frequency which is not missing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for the reduction of noise in a radar receiver. The noise to be reduced being governed by a 1/F.sup.k relationship and the radar carrying out an encoding of the transmission in at least two frequencies, the device comprises at least the following means: firstly, means for routing the signals received to at least two channels so that, when a target is illuminated by a transmission at the first code frequency (F.sub.1), the corresponding received signal (S.sub.1) is sampled and routed to a first channel and then, when the target is illuminated by the second code frequency (F.sub.2), the corresponding received signal (S.sub.2) is sampled and routed to a second channel; and secondly, means for the linear combination of the signal (S.sub.1) present in the first channel and the signal (S.sub.2) present in the second channel, the linear combination synthesizing a filtering of the noise.

Abstract: An onboard radar system for a vehicle using the FM-CW method is provided. The radar system includes a mode changer. The mode changer provides a first mode which is suitable to detect a target existing distant from the vehicle. The mode changer also provides a second mode which is suitable to detect a target existing nearby the vehicle. The radar system detects a pair of beat frequencies in the first mode. Further, the radar system detects another pair of beat frequencies in the second mode. The radar system detects a target based on a pair of base beat frequencies which are determined based on an analysis result of both pairs of the beat frequencies.

Abstract: Vehicular radar apparatus which enhances the accuracy of detection of a preceding vehicle and the reliability in tracking, by performing operations that use a normal distribution. For the purpose of obtaining a distance between one's own vehicle, on which the radar apparatus is mounted, and a target object, and obtaining a relative velocity from input data based on transmission and reception electromagnetic waves, this radar apparatus provided with a signal processing unit which has operation devices for performing an operation by applying normal distributions to frequencies of detection of the distance and the relative velocity and a target object recognition device for recognizing a target object on the basis of results of an operation to which the normal distributions are applied.

Abstract: A relative distance and relative velocity to a target object is accurately estimated even if an error in slopes of the triangular wave modulation, that is unbalanced upward and downward slopes, or error in absolute values in an FMCW radar exists. A first distance estimator estimates a distance up to the target object based on a sum of a beat wave frequency generated between the upward and downward slopes of the triangular wave and an absolute value of an average frequency modulation factor which is a mean value of frequency modulation factors for the upward and downward slopes of the triangular wave, and a first velocity estimator estimates a relative velocity to the target object based on a time difference of the calculated distance.

Abstract: In a multicellular radio communications network, when a mobile station satisfies a criterion for automatic intercellular handover from a source cell to a target cell, the speed of movement of the mobile station with respect to the base station of the target cell is estimated on the basis of the measured levels of the signal which the mobile station has received from this base station before the handover criterion is satisfied. Depending on the layers of the cells concerned, it is then possible to take account of this speed estimate in order to decide whether or not to trigger intercellular handovers.

Abstract: An FM radar apparatus detects a distance to and/or a speed of a target not only from peak frequencies of beat signals in respective frequency rise and fall regions but also by reusing the peak frequency in the preceding frequency rise or fall region. As a result, it becomes possible to obtain target data at twice the conventional pitch and hence to detect the target more finely and minutely.

Abstract: A circuit configuration has a radar equipment for determining a distance or a relative speed. The radar equipment continuously transmits frequency-modulated signals, at modulation rates of different size, depending on the speed of the vehicle in which the radar equipment is installed. A higher modulation rate produces better range resolution for a constant maximum analog frequency, which is advantageous particularly in the low speed range.

Abstract: An image corresponding to an aspect angle computed from tracking data of a target is read out from an actual measurement data base as a reference image, is subjected to a relativity processing with the obtained image of the target in a relativity processor, and a result of the processing is displayed on a display unit.

Abstract: An interferometric moving target radar imaging system includes a plurality of simultaneously operating apertures, receivers and processing channels which together coherently process RF return signals to image a moving vehicle. The system corrects for the different phase centers of the apertures and interferometrically combines the return signals from different apertures to attenuate the energy from stationary objects. The true azimuth location of the moving vehicle within main beam clutter spread is then determined which facilitates distinguishing between slow moving and stationary objects to detect the moving objects which are then tracked and imaged in the range doppler domain.

Abstract: A cruise control system for a vehicle includes a vehicle borne radar for determining range and closing rate of the vehicle relative to a target, such as another moving vehicle, ahead of the vehicle. The range and closing rate are used to determine a new set speed for the cruise control system which may be less than but is not greater than the speed entered in the cruise control by the driver of the vehicle. The new set speed is selected to prevent the vehicle from overtaking the target, and ideally reduces the closing rate to zero at a predetermined minimum distance from the target. In determining the new set speed, the system also determines incremental movements for the vehicle throttle using a selected gain boost and designed to minimize throttle jerk. If the target moves out of the path of the vehicle or speeds up, the system adjusts accordingly and eventually allows the vehicle to resume the originally entered speed when possible.