Abstract: A radar apparatus radiates search signals successively in different directions, receives echo signals and displays the signals so that surrounding conditions in a wide range of directions are displayed. The radar apparatus comprises a buffer memory for temporarily storing echo signals resulting from single search signals, a memory for storing echo signals supplied from the buffer memory and corresponding to single scans at corresponding memory elements, a timing adjusting amount setter for determining a timing adjusting amount in a distance direction, and a control arrangement for causing the buffer memory to write received echo signals thereinto based on the determined timing adjustment amount.

Abstract: A radar of particular use at close range has a CRT that is scanned in a spiral fashion by applying phase quadrature sinusoidal signals to resonant deflection coils. A digitizer converts the radar return signals to multi-bit signals which are supplied to a memory with signals for alternate pixels stored in different halves of the memory. The apparatus reads out signals from one half of the memory during one scan and reads out signals from the other half of the memory during the next scan so that they are interleaved with the pixels on the display brightened by the first scan.

Abstract: A navigation aid is provided comprising a radar antenna, a position sensor, a compass, map/chart data, a display, and a controller. The controller determines whether the display depicts a chart, a radar sweep or both. Preferably, the visual navigation aid includes a point of interest feature, wherein at least one point of interest is visually selected on the chart or radar sweep by a cursor or the like. The controller also computes the location of the selected point of interest for display on the chart or radar sweep. In another aspect, the invention comprises methods for inputting and displaying a point of interest on a chart or radar sweep.

Abstract: A primary flight display having a vertically oriented linear scale format altimeter therein which includes a non-numbered coarse tape-like image area, for displaying markings relating to altitude and a fine scale tape-like image area juxtaposed with said coarse tape-like image area said fine scale image area for displaying numerals in vertical translational movement and a central current altimeter reading with at least part of the reading disposed about said coarse scale image area.

Abstract: A radar apparatus of the present invention comprises an image preservation memory capable of preserving pixel data, preservation request means by which a user may request the preservation of the image, and read request means for requesting the readout of the image. When the preservation is requested by the preservation request means, the image at that moment is stored in the image preservation memory, and when the readout is requested by the readout request means, the image read from the image preservation memory is superimposed on the image at that moment so that the image at the moment of the request for preservation by the user is displayed concurrently on the same screen as that of the current image. Thus, the user can easily detect an error between the position of the transmitting station on the preserved screen and the current position and can move back a ship to the original position quickly and with a very small error.

Abstract: A ship track indicating apparatus displays the ship track of another ship with a line of narrow width on the screen of the indicator of a radar apparatus so that the ship track of another ship can be easily distinguished. The images of another ship are suppressed from being broadened and noise images are prevented from being accumulated. The apparatus includes a radar apparatus for detecting positions of another ship, a transforming device for transforming radar echoes to fine spots, a ship track memory for storing the fine spots representative of positions of another ship to form a ship track, and an indicator for indicating the contents of the ship track memory on the screen thereof. The apparatus also displays the characters of radar echoes such as the size and the attitude thereof.

Abstract: A weather display apparatus and method wherein the relative positions of weather information and reference marks are accurately displayed. Information obtained from typical airborne weather radars is distorted due to the use of imperfect beams, such as a conical beam. The distorted weather information is displayed to a pilot. At least one reference mark is also displayed on the display in positions in accordance with relative positions in the airspace and with a distortion factor.

Abstract: The space ahead of a moving vehicle is irradiated in sectors (A-G) by a plurality of CW solid state radar devices mounted as an array across the front of the vehicle, such that adjacent lobes of each beam may overlap. The radar signal comprises a CW beam modulated intermittently by a slightly offset frequency to produce `pulses` which when reflected from obstacles within respective sectors (A-G) are detected by mixer diodes in one, or two adjacent radar devices after a time delay which, measured, yields a distance to the obstacle. Obstacles so detected may be displayed in two dimensions within their respective sector (A-G) on a display projected onto the windscreen.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a device to display several radar images in a single resultant image, formed by a mosaic image of different radar images. To this effect, the invention provides for the use of means for mutual exclusion of the radar images so that a given point of the resultant image corresponds to the display on one and only one radar.

Abstract: A radar capability display apparatus utilizing radar theory equations which are stored in a computer to relate the measured characteristics of interference signals in radar return echoes to determine the amount of radar performance degradation that the interference signals create. These loss of performance factors which are obtained at each antenna beam angle and range, are displayed on the radar's screen as the radar capability display.

Abstract: A digital information storage and read-out system in which digital elevation and cultural terrain data is read from a magnetic tape in compressed form into an intermediate memory which operates as a speed buffer memory. The data in the intermediate memory is read out to a reconstruction processor in which the compressed data is reconstructed and applied to a scene memory. A nagivation computer determines the instantaneous position of a vehicle with respect to the terrain and controls the reading of data into the scene memory in blocks with the vehicle position occupying a center of scene location. In order to provide a heading up display of the terrain, the data in the scene memory is read out at an angle to its north-up storage orientation and interlaced scanning of pixel data in the scene memory improves resolution and enhances line display.

Abstract: A software controlled generic radar display system using a microcomputer ing a high performance graphics card that drives a high resolution color monitor which displays the radar sweep, compass rose, front panel symbology and diagnostic information. A target generator provides simulated target information that is displayed on the monitor in standard PPI format.

Abstract: A method is provided wherein standard shipborne navigational radar is used for the purpose of detecting oil-spills on the sea. A homogenous sea-return image is obtained by selectively reducing the sea-clutter, rain, and haze filters of the radar while selectively increasing the gain of the radar. Because oil-spills on the surface of the water minimize the backscatter of radar waves, the location of an oil-spill may be determined by identifying characteristic distortions in the form of zones of diminished sea-return in the homogenous sea-return image. A moving oil spill may be tracked with repeated observations.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting heterogeneity of water surface has a series circuit including a transceiver, a hydrometeorological information processing and storage unit and an indicator. According to the invention, the hydrometeorological information processing and storage unit has a cathode ray storage device with a mode selector unit and an electron beam control system as well as a driving generator and a control unit.

Abstract: A radar equipment comprising a display unit (FIG. 1) and a scanning unit (FIG. 2) linked together by electrical conductors (94,72,106,26) for the transmission of information and/or control signals between the units, and circuitry (90,98; 66,69; 102,108; and 25,162, respectively) for superimposing on an individual conductor more than one of the signals.

Abstract: The invention provides adaptive modules which combine with an aided target ecognizer ATR to program or reprogram its circuitry while detecting existing targets. The signatures thus derived are more likely to produce accurate target classifications than the mathematically derived algorithms currently used. To insure accuracy during this programming a human observer is included in the network loops provided by the modules and provided with overriding decision capability.

Abstract: A time multiplexer for linking a trigger signal, a video signal, and data signals generated by a radar transceiver to a radar display. The multiplexer is particularly useful when the transceiver is located remotely from the display, such as is commonly encountered in commercial marine radars.The multiplexer provides a multiplexed signal having a first trigger portion with a logic high voltage, followed by a unipolar video portion having a maximum voltage less than the logic high voltage. The video portion is immediately followed by a data portion that is also unipolar but with a polarity opposite that of the video portion. Detection of the data portion may be expedited by including a synchronization preamble.The multiplexer makes efficient use of a link between radar transceiver and radar display by using a pulse repetition frequency output of the transceiver to select which of the trigger, video, or data signals is to be sent at a particular time.

Abstract: The method consists mainly in re-creating, from an incoming radar recurrence (R, R'), a corrected recurrence (R.sub.c, R'.sub.c) that has the same characteristics (notably the same sampling frequency and number of samples) but with the samples re-positioned temporally to make the necessary range correction.

Abstract: An echo receiving system is provided for periodically scanning a region for echo returns obtained in polar coordinates and for providing a visual display of such received echo returns in a rectangular raster format, such system comprising: a scan converter, responsive to the echo returns obtained in polar coordinates for converting such returns into rectangular coordinates; and, means for modifying such coordinate converted returns and for displaying such modified, coordinate converted returns in the rectangular raster format with displayed data being a function of the scan-to-scan change in echo returns from objects in the second region. With such arrangment, target build-up and target decay may be presented in the digitally generated raster display in a manner similar to that presented in an analog PPI display.

Abstract: A remote indicator for use with an existing radar detector wherein a remote unit is located near the existing radar detector for sensing output indications from the radar detector and for providing output signals in response to and indicative of the radar detector output indications, and a console remotely located from the existing radar detector for receiving the remote unit output signals and for providing output indications indicative thereof and in response thereto.

Abstract: A remote output indicator for use with a radar detector providing a perceivable output indication to detect signals from an operating radar within an automobile having a rear window and a rear deck disposed near the rear window. The remote indicator includes a rear brake light housing and a mounting means for connecting the rear brake light housing to the automobile generally near the rear window. The radar detector is mountable within a housing space within the rear brake light indicator housing. A remote unit is disposed near the rear brake light indicator housing for sensing the radar detector perceivable output indications and providing an output signal in response thereto. A console receives the output signal from the remote unit and provides output indications which are perceivable by the driver of the automobile.

Abstract: A surveillance radar system which has a display processor 1 that receives graphic data from a computer 4 which are edited and divided according to target data and console associated data or background information data and which is edited in two arithmetic logic units 2 and 3 and in response to a console request are combined after being edited and are supplied to output interfaces A, B, C and D and forwarded for transmission to picture screen consoles through refresher channels connected to the output interfaces. The invention is provided for the utilization in surveillance radar systems covering large areas and using a large number of picture screen console.

Abstract: Target pixel signals representing radar echo signals are stored in an addressable memory; and the contents of at least selected storage locations within a preset guard zone are read out of the memory. If a pixel signal of sufficient value is stored in the read out location, the presence of a target within the preset guard zone is indicated if that pixel signal is verified as being one of several which, presumably, are derived from a target.

Abstract: In a side looking radar, electronic timing circuits for dividing the radar beam into a plurality of groups of azimuth cells of equal size, the switching circuits being dependent upon the number of pulse repetition intervals per unit of travel to maintain the size of the azimuth cells in the different groups relatively constant. The apparatus also contains circuitry for scaling the output in each of the different azimuth groups.

Abstract: An improved display for visually presenting the reflected wave information of a sonar or radar by a plurality of displaying light-emitting elements supported on a rotating member. The display comprises a light-receiving unit formed in said rotating member on its rotating axis and including a light-receiving element for receiving an optical signal regarding said reflected wave information and sending it to said plurality of displaying light-emitting elements and a light-emitting unit having a light-emitting opening provided opposite to said light-receiving opening on a fixed member on the rotating axis of said rotating member and including a light-emitting element provided in a fixed member for sending said optical signal to said light-receiving element.

Abstract: The application describes digital signal processing of radar video signals to provide an optimum display. Three interacting components of the system are further described in detail: a global mean estimating circuit, a statistical analyzer circuit, and a dynamic range compression circuit. The global mean estimating circuit determines the mean of the amplitude distribution of video signals over a wide section of the display as opposed to a local mean of signals. A local mean of signals is the mean of the amplitude distribution of video signals occurring in the near vicinity of a point on the display. The statistical analyzer circuit evaluates the amplitude distribution of video signal samples and controls the gain of the signal path so that the variance of the sampled amplitude distribution follows the variance of a model distribution. The dynamic range compression circuit functions to compress the range of amplitude distribution in a manner to provide maximum information from the display.

Abstract: A PPI radar apparatus is constructed such that even when a transmission time cycle of radio waves is varied by switchover of a distance range to any of short, middle and long distance ranges, a sweep display time cycle of a radar video signal received in any of the distance ranges is maintained constant at all times; the sweep display time cycle is determined to meet the middle distance ranges, in the short distance ranges in which the reception time of radio waves is short, the video signals are written in storage means in real-time and then displayed by readout of the video signals at a low speed in synchronism with the sweep time cycle, in the long distance ranges in which the reception time of radio waves is long, the video signals are written in storage means in real-time and then displayed by a number of readouts in one sweep display time cycle; and the video signals written in a plurality of storage means are parallelly read out and a mean value or peak of the read-out video signals is obtained by arit