Abstract: A receiver circuit is disclosed. The receiver circuit includes one or more receiver antennas configured to receive a plurality of RF signals transmitted from a transmitter circuit including one or more transmit antennas, an RF chain configured to generate a plurality of digitized samples of the received RF signals, and a controller configured to receive the digitized samples, to calculate a plurality of additional samples, and to calculate a measured angle of arrival or angle of departure (AoA or AoD) of the RF signals based on the digitized samples and the calculated additional samples.

Abstract: A wireless energy emission device includes: a receiving antenna array, a signal processing module, and an emitting antenna array; wherein the receiving antenna array includes at least two receiving antennas for receiving a positioning signal emitted by a target device to be powered; the signal processing module is configured to determine an emission parameter according to a phase difference between positioning signals received by any two of the receiving antennas and position information of the emitting antenna array; and the emitting antenna array is configured to emit an energy supply signal to the target device to be powered according to the emission parameter.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a plurality of antennas, a memory storing at least one reference data, and a processor. The processor may be configured to obtain context information associated with a state of the electronic device, when the context information meets a first specified condition, determine phase difference information corresponding to signals obtained using the plurality of antennas based on first specified reference data, when the context information meets a second specified condition, determine phase difference information corresponding to signals obtained using the plurality of antennas based on second specified reference data, and determine a relative location of an external electronic device with respect to the electronic device based on the determined phase difference information.

Abstract: An autonomous system with no Customer Network Investment is described, wherein the system is configurable to operate on in a band in addition to the LTE band. Such system allows the definition of hybrid operations to accommodate the positioning reference signals (PRS) of LTE and already existing reference signals. The system can operate with PRS, with other reference signals such as cell-specific reference signals (CRS), or with both signal types. As such, the system provides the advantage of allowing network operator(s) to dynamically choose between modes of operation depending on circumstances, such as network throughput and compatibility. The system further enables information collected at a network device to be processed at a locate server without involving any processing at the network device.

Abstract: An autonomous system with no Customer Network Investment is described, wherein the system is configurable to operate on in a band in addition to the LTE band. Such system allows the definition of hybrid operations to accommodate the positioning reference signals (PRS) of LTE and already existing reference signals. The system can operate with PRS, with other reference signals such as cell-specific reference signals (CRS), or with both signal types. As such, the system provides the advantage of allowing network operator(s) to dynamically choose between modes of operation depending on circumstances, such as network throughput and compatibility. The system further enables information collected at a network device to be processed at a locate server without involving any processing at the network device.

Abstract: A method of combined direction finding (DF) and fine timing measurement (FTM) positioning in a wireless location area network (WLAN) is proposed. A multiple antenna IEEE 802.11 transmitting device (AP) can transmit signal preamble containing multiple Long Training Field (LTF) symbols in a radio frame from multiple antennas, which allows a receiving device (STA) to resolve multiple DF sounding signals transmitted from the multiple antennas and thereby estimating angle of departure (AoD). On the other hand, the AP can estimate angle of arrival (AoA) from radio signals transmitted from the STA. When the radial resolution error of AoD or AoA positioning increases, DF positioning and fine-timing measurement (FTM) ranging can be jointly applied to reduce the radial resolution error and extends the AoD/AoA service area with positing accuracy.

Abstract: A radio frequency system is described. A radio frequency system including at least a first tunable phasing network including at least one first set of metal oxide semiconductor variable capacitor arrays. The first tunable phasing network is configured to shift a phase of a radio frequency signal. And, at least a first switch coupled with the first tunable phasing network. The first switched configured to switch between one or more receiver circuits.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for communicating primary signals over a high-speed primary channel, the primary signals having a beam pattern having a full lobe at a center of an axis of propagation and communicating auxiliary signals over a low-speed auxiliary channel, the auxiliary signals having a decoupled beam pattern having a null at the center of axis of propagation, the high-speed primary channel and low-speed auxiliary channel operating in full duplex.

Abstract: It is presented a method for assisting the determining of a position of a wireless device, the method being performed in a network node connected to a plurality of remote radio head devices via a combiner. The method comprises the steps of: receiving an uplink signal via the combiner; comparing a carrier frequency of the uplink signal with a set of manipulation schemes for a carrier frequency of uplink signals, wherein the manipulation schemes are different for at least some of the plurality of remote radio head devices; and providing a proximity indication that the position of the wireless device is in the vicinity of a remote radio head device the frequency manipulation scheme of which best matches the uplink signal. A corresponding network node, computer program, and computer program product are also presented.

Abstract: Embodiments adjust device error radiuses associated with inferred device positions produced by positioning systems. Inferred beacon positions and associated beacon radiuses are accessed for beacons in a beacon fingerprint from an observing computing device. The beacon radiuses are associated with a pre-defined confidence level (e.g., an in-circle percentage). A Kalman filter is applied to at least one of the beacons using the inferred beacon positions and the beacon radiuses associated therewith to infer a device position for the computing device and to compute a device error radius for the inferred device position. The computed device error radius is adjusted as a function of the quantity of beacons input to the Kalman filter to achieve the pre-defined confidence level.

Abstract: A loop antenna is provided, which includes a first loop section, a second loop section and a third loop section. The first loop section surrounds and defines an empty area. The second loop section surrounds and connects the first loop section, and an annular groove is formed between the first loop section and the second loop section. The third loop section surrounds and connects the second loop section. The width of a gap between the third loop section and the second loop section is smaller than the width of the annular groove.

Abstract: A system may be configured to compute an estimated location of a user device based on an estimation coefficient and a measured distance between the user device and a base station. The estimation coefficient may be based on: an actual distance between a reference device and the base station, and a measured distance between the reference device and the base station. The system may store or output the information regarding the estimated location of the device.

Abstract: An antenna system that includes a ground plane substrate, a first antenna, and a second antenna is provided. The first antenna includes a first loop conductor electrically connected to a feed network and to the ground plane substrate, a second loop conductor electrically connected to the feed network and to the ground plane substrate, and a first conductor mounted to and electrically connected to a first edge of the first loop conductor and to a second edge of the second loop conductor. The second antenna includes a third loop conductor electrically connected to the feed network and to the first conductor, a fourth loop conductor electrically connected to the feed network and to the first conductor, and a second conductor mounted to and electrically connected to a third edge of the third loop conductor and to a fourth edge of the fourth loop conductor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing antenna calibration can be used in a variety of applications. A method of calibrating an antenna array for use in a traffic advisory system or traffic alert and collision avoidance system provide a mechanism that renders complex combining circuitry unnecessary in the array. A method can include receiving an unsolicited reply that contains absolute position information of an intruder aircraft. The method can also include determining a bearing of a signal encoding the reply based on a phase relationship of the signals from an antenna array not configured to operate with an internal self-test phase calibration mechanism. The method can further include comparing the bearing based on the phase relationship with a bearing calculated by a comparison of the absolute positions of a host aircraft and the intruder aircraft. The method can additionally include calibrating the antenna array based on the result of the comparison.

Abstract: A work direction determining device includes a passive tag type IC tag secured at a predetermined position on the front surface thereof. The IC tag includes a substrate, an IC module and an antenna coil disposed on the substrate in an offset manner. The device includes an antenna communicating with the IC tag, and a determination circuit. Where the work and the direction determining device are located at respective predetermined communication positions, communication is done between the antenna of the direction determining device and the antenna coil of the IC tag, and the magnitude of communication intensity during the communication is determined by the determination circuit to thereby determine a direction of the work.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-contact IC medium communication device (1) capable of detecting a non-contact IC medium (25) in a desired area with a simple configuration, by obtaining, from each of separate read areas, identification information of the non-contact IC medium that exists within the read area and a signal level of a reception signal received from the non-contact IC medium, the identification information and the signal level being associated with each other, performing difference operation or division with respect to respective signal levels of reception signals from the separate read areas, for each of the identification information, to obtain a composite signal level, and extracting the identification information whose composite signal level falls within a predetermined threshold range. The present invention further provides a method thereof, a program thereof, and a computer-readable storage medium storing the program.

Abstract: An antenna assembly may include an antenna array having a plurality of antenna elements generally arranged along an axis. The antenna array may include a first antenna element for receiving at least one signal from a signal source, and a second antenna element spaced a distance apart from the first antenna element for receiving the at least one signal from the signal source. The antenna assembly may also include a processor coupled with the antenna array for analyzing the at least one signal and utilizing the distance between the first antenna element and the second antenna element to determine at least one of a direction or a location of the signal source. The antenna assembly may further include a memory coupled with the processor for storing a correction factor, where the processor is configured to utilize the correction factor to determine the distance between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

Abstract: System and method for removing channel phase error in a phase comparison direction finder. By using this system, the phase error, generated in the channel path in finding the direction by using the phase comparison direction finder, can be injected into the receiving channel and removed by using the frequency and intensity of the signal stored in the PDW table. Furthermore, the direction finding correction look-up table can be made using only radiation correction of the antenna unit of the direction finder and channel correction can be carried out without calibrating the direction finder for the direction finding correction look-up table when devices are replaced in the channel of receiving path of the direction finder.

Abstract: A method of measuring the bearing angle of arrival ? of HF band electromagnetic signals received by a crossed loop antenna or an Adcock antenna array includes measuring the phase difference ?? between the signals acquired in the sine and cosine paths of the antenna; measuring the ratio R of the amplitudes of the signals acquired in the sine and cosine paths of the antenna; and determining the bearing angle of arrival ? of the wave as a function of the phase difference ?? and the ratio R. The method is applicable to the detection and location of electromagnetic signal transmitters, particularly in the maritime field.

Abstract: Techniques, systems and computer readable medium are disclosed for measuring a position of an object device. A position measuring apparatus includes a receiving unit designed to receive a signal transmitted from an object device for position measurement. The position measuring apparatus also includes a position computing unit designed to compute a position of the object device by applying Angle Of Arrival (AOA) and Time Of Arrival (TOA) techniques using the received signal. The position measuring apparatus also includes a medium channel estimating unit designed to estimate a channel of a medium, through which the received signal penetrates on a transmission path, using the received signal. The position measuring apparatus also includes a position correcting unit configured to compute a delay time caused by the received signal penetrating the medium using the estimated medium channel and correcting the position of the object device computed by the position computing unit using the delay time.

Abstract: The invention features a method of estimating an expected error of a position estimate for use in a WLAN positioning system that estimates the position of a WLAN-enabled device. The WLAN-enabled device receives signals transmitted by a WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device. The method estimates the position of the WLAN-enabled device based on the received signals from the WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device. The method also estimates an expected error of the position estimate based on characteristics of the WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device, wherein the expected error predicts a relative accuracy of the position estimate.

Abstract: Method of multi-parameter direction finding of several sources in an array of N sensors, comprising at least the following steps: a) choosing a parameter to be determined, or parameter of interest, b) expressing the direction vector in the form of a linear relation between the parameter of interest chosen and the secondary parameters b0(?, ?0)=U0(?) ?0(?0), c) applying a MUSIC-type direction finding step by factorizing the criterion serving for the determination of the angles of incidence so as to determine at least the incidence parameter, d) on the basis of the incidence value, determining the vector representative of the secondary parameters and expressing this vector in the form of a linear relation between a chosen parameter to be determined and the other secondary parameters, e) applying a MUSIC-type direction finding step by factorizing the criterion serving in the determination of the chosen parameter, f) repeating steps d) to e) so as to determine the majority or the whole set of secondary parameters

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for controlling the direction of an antenna beam includes a location identifier, an orientation sensor, and an antenna beam controller. The location identifier determines a transmit antenna location indicating the location of a transmit antenna, where the transmit antenna produces an antenna beam. The orientation sensor determines a transmit antenna orientation indicating the orientation of the transmit antenna. The antenna beam: accesses target data describing a receive antenna of a target, the target data comprising a location of the receive antenna relative to the transmit antenna; calculates a deviation value from the transmit antenna location, the transmit antenna orientation, and the target data; and adjusts the direction of the antenna beam to reduce the deviation value.

Abstract: A method for interpolating steering vectors a(?) of a sensor network, the sensor network receiving signals transmitted by a source, characterized in that, for the interpolation of the steering vectors a(?), use is made of one or more omnidirectional modal functions z(?)k where z(?)=exp(j?) where ? corresponds to an angle sector on which the interpolation of the steering vectors is carried out.

Abstract: The invention features a method of estimating an expected error of a position estimate for use in a WLAN positioning system that estimates the position of a WLAN-enabled device. The WLAN-enabled device receives signals transmitted by a WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device. The method estimates the position of the WLAN-enabled device based on the received signals from the WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device. The method also estimates an expected error of the position estimate based on characteristics of the WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device, wherein the expected error predicts a relative accuracy of the position estimate.

Abstract: System and method for removing channel phase error in a phase comparison direction finder. By using this system, the phase error, generated in the channel path in finding the direction by using the phase comparison direction finder, can be injected into the receiving channel and removed by using the frequency and intensity of the signal stored in the PDW table. Furthermore, the direction finding correction look-up table can be made using only radiation correction of the antenna unit of the direction finder and channel correction can be carried out without calibrating the direction finder for the direction finding correction look-up table when devices are replaced in the channel of receiving path of the direction finder.

Abstract: A DOA estimating apparatus and method in a smart antenna system using a fixed beamforming scheme are provided. An uplink weight for a received uplink signal is calculated and a projection matrix of an interference signal is generated using the uplink weight. A covariance matrix of the interference signal is generated using the projection matrix of the interference signal, and power of the received signal and power of the interference signal are calculated using the covariance matrix of the interference signal and a covariance matrix of the received signal. A DOA is estimated based on the difference between the received signal power and the interference power.

Abstract: Determining the direction of a direct arrival path between a receiver and a transmitter in a multipath environment by determining a transmitter heading relative to the receiver as proportional to a frequency offset of the direct path signal component relative to a multipath pedestal, an absolute velocity of the transmitter as proportional to a width of the multipath pedestal, a relative velocity between the transmitter and the receiver as proportional to a magnitude and a direction of doppler shift of the direct arrival component of the received signal relative to the doppler pedestal, and an amplitude of the multipath pedestal as proportional to a number and magnitude of scatterers in the multipath environment. The method is applied for continuous wave and modulated signals, for stationary and moving transmitters and for tracking and mapping transmitter paths.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for calibrating on-board aviation equipment. An actual bearing from an aircraft to an automatic direction finder (ADF) station is determined. The aircraft is moved to a plurality of headings. An ADF bearing is determined from the aircraft to the ADF station at each of the plurality of headings. An error between the actual bearing and the ADF bearing at each heading is calculated. Then, an error function as a function of the heading of the aircraft is generated based at least in part on the calculated error.

Abstract: The invention refers to array antennas consisting of a set of individual sources set out over the surface of the antenna and whose mechanical positioning is determined in such a way as to obtain the desired radiation pattern. The process according to the invention is designed to compensate for the positioning errors of radiating elements occurring when such an antenna is constructed. These positioning errors follow a law that is in theory random and whose result is known by determining the imperfection vector I whose components of real positioning errors measured for each feed of the antenna obtained comprising components forming values of an error function ?(n) where n represents the index attributed to the radiating element in question. The process according to the invention consists in first measuring the positioning errors. It then consists in determining the spatial spectral components making up error function ?(n).

Abstract: A method for calibrating an antenna and signal processing system enabling angle of arrival (AOA) determination for a frequency hopping signal, in which a calibration coefficient is determined in response to one or more calibration signals injected into the system at one or more of the frequencies in the hopping sequence and proximate in time to reception of the communication signal. The calibration coefficients are reflective of a frequency and time dependent parameter of a path between the antenna and wireless location sensor. The AOA is determined as a function of the calibration coefficient and the radio frequency energy of the received communication signal. Several embodiment of the method are illustrated.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an antenna and signal processing system enabling angle of arrival (AOA) determination for a frequency hopping signal, in which a calibration coefficient is determined in response to one or more calibration signals injected into the system at one or more of the frequencies in the hopping sequence and proximate in time to reception of the communication signal. The calibration coefficients are reflective of a frequency and time dependent parameter of a path between the antenna and wireless location sensor. The AOA is determined as a function of the calibration coefficient and the radio frequency energy of the received communication signal. Several embodiment of the method are illustrated.

Abstract: A radio wave direction-of-arrival estimation apparatus and method that can estimate, at high speed and with good accuracy, the direction of arrival of a plurality of incoming waves having high correlation.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method is disclosed. The method includes receiving data at a first wireless radio device that has been transmitted from the first wireless radio device, receiving time stamp information from a second first wireless radio device and estimating time of arrival (TOA) information based upon the data and the time stamp information.

Abstract: A scanning antenna diversity system for mobile FM radio having an antenna system with controllable logic switch, wherein a different high-frequency reception signal is passed to a receiver. An IF signal turns on a diversity processor, which switches the logic switch into a different switching position in response to reception interference. The diversity processor has two interference detectors whose signals are passed to a logic circuit for evaluation and to produce a logic control signal, so that a different switching positions are selected at the earliest possible time after the occurrence of interference in the reception signal.

Abstract: A wireless telecommunications network uses a wireless location technology to determine the locations of mobile stations. As part of a location accuracy analysis process, the wireless location technology is used to obtain a measured latitude and longitude for a mobile station located at a test site having a known latitude and longitude. A data analysis system calculates the radial location error, expressed as a distance, between the measured and known latitude and longitude values. The process is repeated a number of times sufficient to calculate the mean radial location error to within a predetermined uncertainty at a predetermined confidence level.

Abstract: An off-gimbal pointing system is improved using filtering of resolver and gyro responses respectively applied at the output of the resolvers and gyros for attenuating high frequencies resolver responses and gyro responses that effectively degrades the high frequency responses that are matched and above the control system bandwidth for improving the overall dynamic control of the off-gimbal pointing system for rejecting the affects of base motion disturbances and vibrations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and jamming in Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers operating on rolling or spinning platforms and/or environments is provided. An antenna system having a pair of diametrically-mounted elements provides interferometric cancellation for spatial and polarization nulling of interference signals. The antenna system, operating in conjunction with multiplexing and anti-jamming electronics, provides interference suppression for a GPS receiver connected thereto. Interference cancellation is provided in jamming and non-jamming environments by selectively employing spatial or polarization nulling of the interference signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provide for precision direction finding capabilities for a sensing system, the method comprising providing a sensing system that utilizes an amplitude direction finding scheme, receiving a received signal in at least two receivers of the energy wave sensing system, the received signal generated by a first object, comparing the received signal at each receiver in a processor of the sensing system utilizing an amplitude direction finding technique to produce amplitude direction finding technique data, the amplitude direction finding technique data indicative of course direction of the first object, processing the received signal further to determine angle of arrival data based on an interferometric technique to produce interferometric technique data, the interferometric data indicative of a more precise direction of the first object than provided by the amplitude direction finding technique and determining the direction finding data of the first object based on a residual phase error of

Abstract: A system for calibrating airborne direction finding antenna arrays eliminates the problem of trying to maintain a constant depression angle when flying an airplane directly over a calibration antenna to collect deep depression angle data. The deep depression angle data necessary for calibration is provided by data from a scale model of the aircraft having a direction-finding array which simulates the actual direction-finding array on the aircraft. In order to collect deep depression angle data, the model is pivoted through 360° while maintaining a controlled depression angle. Thus, it is unnecessary for calibration to actually fly a plane to attempt to obtain deep depression angle measurements. In the subject system, only a single depression set of data is required from the aircraft. Thus, with the exception of baseline shallow depression angle data from this plane, the calibration data comes strictly from the scale model, which is much more easily obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and jamming in Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers operating on rolling or spinning platforms and/or environments is provided. An antenna system having a pair of diametrically-mounted elements provides interferometric cancellation for spatial and polarization nulling of interference signals. The antenna system, operating in conjunction with multiplexing and anti-jamming electronics, provides interference suppression for a GPS receiver connected thereto. Interference cancellation is provided in jamming and non-jamming environments by selectively employing spatial or polarization nulling of the interference signal.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for determining angular information from a target. A plurality of sensors on an image plane are used to obtain measured amplitude data. An azimuth and elevation may be estimated using this measured amplitude data. A residual error between the measured amplitude data and calibrated amplitude data may then be determined. The angular information corresponding to the azimuth and elevation at which the residual error is minimized may then be outputted as representing or corresponding to the angular information of the target.

Abstract: An antenna processing method for centered or potentially non-centered cyclostationary signals, comprises at least one step in which one or more nth order estimators are obtained from r-order statistics, with r=1 to n−1, and for one or more values of r, it comprises a step for the correction of the estimator by means of r-order detected cyclic frequencies. The method can be applied to the separation of the emitter sources of the signals received by using the estimator or estimators.

Abstract: A satellite broadcast receiver comprises an antenna, a tuner, a modulator, a FEC decoder, a microprocessor, and an antenna driver. The antenna receives the satellite signal and the tuner tunes the satellite signal received by the antenna, and the modulator modulates the satellite signal tuned by the tuner into digital signal, the FEC decoder corrects a position error of the satellite antenna using the signal modulated by the modulator, and outputs a corresponding output signal, and the microprocessor receives the signal modulated by the modulator and the output signal of the error corrector, and outputs a control signal which controls the position of the antenna, and the antenna driver drives the antenna in accordance with the control signal of the microprocessor. The satellite broadcast receiver enables a user to detect satellites fast and see satellite broadcast conveniently.

Abstract: The invention described here concerns the use of GPS (Global Positioning System) interferometry, or any similar satellite constellation, to estimate the attitude of a vehicle, and is particularly suited for LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites. The invention is based on a system of gyroscopic and interferometric sensors and a piece of software to process the data received by such sensors. The invention can be applied to any type of vehicle (terrestrial, naval, aircraft or spacecraft) to determine the attitude of the vehicle with respect to an inertial reference system.

Abstract: In a mobile communication network, the accuracy of location determinations for mobiles based on TDOA measurements made by the mobiles is increased by measuring the TDOA of signals from base station pairs at a known location and generating correction factors for compensating timing and propagation errors in TDOA measurements made by the mobiles. Calibration terminals may be provided for measuring TDOAs at known locations. System processes and elements for applying data generated by calibration terminals are disclosed.

Abstract: An algorithmic technique which allows antenna arrays that are used for interferometric direction finding to have elements with arbitrary orientation. This technique allows the phase errors associated with non-identical element orientation to be estimated, without explicit knowledge of either the polarimetrics of the array elements or the polarimetrics of the source. It relies upon the fact that there exists a single number which describes the polarimetric interaction, and that this number can be estimated and then utilized to remove the phase component due to polarimetric interaction. This technique makes it feasible to incorporate direction finding arrays into articles that could benefit from such arrays, but because of size or shape constraints, were previously not able to do so.

Abstract: When transformed and quantized blocks of picture data are encoded, a block being constituted by a matrix of coefficients, the events within each block to be encoded comprise firstly a run indicating the number of zero-coefficients in the clock between a current non-zero coefficient and the previous non-zero coefficient, and secondly, the size of the current non-zero coefficient of the block. Each event is, in accordance with the invention, completed by adding a third parameter which indicates whether the current non-zero coefficient is the last non-zero coefficient of the block. Hence, each event is represented as a three-dimensional quantity.

Abstract: A process for locating a transmitter in which the signal is received by first and second receivers and then processed by respective analog to digital converters and filtered to yield first and second digital signals. There is relative motion between at least one of the receivers and the transmitter. A compression process local to the first receiver compresses the first digital signal. The result of the compression process is transmitted to a cross-correlation unit which is local to the second receiver and coupled also to receive the second digital signal. Locally to the first receiver, correction factors for the solution to the cross-correlation function are determined and transmitted to a correction unit at the second receiver site which applies the correction factors to the solution of the cross-correlation function. The location of the transmitter is determined based on time difference of arrival and frequency difference of arrival results output from the correction unit.

Abstract: A receiver system using antennas which may be effected by reflections or multipath propagation errors wherein the antennas are placed at spaced apart locations and produce outputs which differ due to the difference of locations and which may differ due to the multipath propagation errors, wherein the system corrects for the position differences and eliminates a signal which contains multipath errors to provide a corrected signal.