Abstract: Estimating a current location of a receiver in a MediaFLO™ (Forward Link Only) mobile multimedia multicast system comprises receiving digital signals comprising a MediaFLO™ superframe comprising orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols; performing slot 3 processing of each medium access control (MAC) time unit of a data channel to identify a transmitter identity (TxID) of each transmitter; identifying corresponding geographical coordinates of each TxID; regenerating the digital signals for each of the transmitters using a local-area differentiator (LID) and a wide-area differentiator (WID) of the transmitters; dividing the digital signals by the corresponding regenerated transmitted signal to obtain channel estimates between the receiver and the corresponding transmitters; detecting a first peak in the channel estimates to determine a distance between the receiver and the corresponding transmitters; calculating a time difference of arrival of the digital signals; and estimating a current loca

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed to track aircraft or other vehicles using techniques including multilateration and elliptical surveillance. Unlike conventional approaches that use time difference of arrival for multilateration at a fixed set of reception points, this technique allows targets to be tracked from a number of dynamic or moving reception points. This allows for triangulation/multilateration and elliptical surveillance of targets from combinations of fixed, fixed and moving or only moving ground-based receivers, sea-based receivers, airborne receivers and space-based receivers. Additionally this technique allows for ADS-B validation through data derived from only two receivers to assess the validity and integrity of the aircraft self-reported position by comparing the time of arrival of the emitted message at the second receiver to the predicted time of message arrival at the second receiver based on the self-reported position of the aircraft and the time of arrival at the first receiver.

Abstract: Systems and methods for locating one or more radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are provided. A phase difference of received information signals of illuminated RFID tags is utilized to locate the RFID tags. One or more exciters transmit interrogation signals to illuminate the RFID tags in which the exciters may have a plurality of antenna selectively configured to transmit through two or more antennas and to receive on one antenna. Multiple reads of the same RFID tag can also be performed to generate a probability model of the location of the RFID tag. An enhanced particle filter is applied to probability model to determine the exact location of the RFID.

Abstract: A multicarrier modulation position determination method that includes deploying at least one known receiver with a known location and a second receiver with an unknown location. At least two signals of opportunity with different locations are obtained by both the receiver and the second receiver. The signals having a plurality of block data, the block data having block boundaries. The block boundaries including a beginning block boundary and an end block boundary. The block data further including a cyclic prefix at the beginning block boundary. Acquiring a plurality of data samples for at least a portion of the block data and correlating the attained signal of opportunity between the receivers. The correlating process includes the calculation of a time difference of arrival between the known receiver and the second receiver. The time difference of arrival is calculated by aligning the block boundaries and computing a single scalar statistical feature associated with each block.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the synchronization and the position of terminals comprising of methods and apparatus for receiving a plurality of signals from opportunistic transmitters such as analog or digital radio/television broadcast and cellular tower signals; down-converting, sampling and processing such signals without requiring demodulation or detection of specific channel or timing features; re-transmitting the signals to another terminal or processing center; correlating the received and re-transmitted signals while generating estimates for differential ranging relative to each opportunistic transmitter and differential frequency and time synchronization offset for each pair of terminals; determining the position or coordinates of the at least two terminals using corresponding differential range measurements while using differential ranging measurements from three or more of such opportunistic transmitters.

Abstract: Instead of normalizing time reference of independent spatially-located clocks using a reference tag transmission from known location, the present invention uses an interarrival time interval between a pulse pair of UWB pulses as a timing metric. Thus, a method of synchronizing spatially-located clocks or normalizing time indications thereof comprises transmitting a UWB pulse pair, determining at first and second monitoring stations a respective count value indicative of a locally measured time interval between received pulse pairs, determining a ratio between clock counts of first and second monitoring stations, and utilizing the ratio to determine clock skew, e.g., a timing correction to be applied to respective local clocks of the monitoring stations.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided for selectively providing an alert to a user of a tracked asset in an asset recovery system. The method includes activating a tracking device on the tracked asset to generate a report, evaluating the report and a condition based on a home location assigned to the tracking device for generating an alert, creating the alert based on the evaluation of the condition and the report, and sending the alert to the user.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing installation information. In one embodiment the method comprises obtaining, via an installation application on a mobile device comprising at least one processor, identification information for at least one component of an installation; obtaining, via the installation application, position information for the at least one component; and generating, via the installation application, a template for indicating a physical layout of at least a portion of the installation based on the identification information and the position information.

Abstract: Techniques for accurate position location and tracking suitable for a wide range of facilities in variable environments are disclosed. In one aspect, a system for position location comprises a plurality of sensors (e.g. a network monitor, an environment sensor) for generating measurements of a plurality of sources, a plurality of objects or tags, each object generating measurements of the plurality of sources, and a processor for receiving the measurements and generating a position location for one or more objects in accordance with the received measurements. In another aspect, a position engine comprises a mapped space of a physical environment, and a processor for updating the mapped space in response to received measurements. The position engine may receive second measurements from an object within the physical environment, and generate a position location estimate for the object from the received second measurements and the mapped space.

Abstract: An indoor localization method is implemented using an indoor localization system that includes beacons deployed in an indoor space and transmitting localization signals, and a radio badge for receiving the localization signals. The indoor localization method includes forming signal vectors from the localization signals received by the radio badge at each of predetermined locations in the indoor space, and generating a signal ID value from the signal vectors for each beacon from which the radio badge has received the localization signals. During a tracking phase, signal vectors are formed from the localization signals received by the radio badge at a current location. If the number of the signal ID values is smaller than the number of the signal vectors, the sum of the signal distances is normalized by the number of the signal ID values. An estimated position of the radio badge is obtained using the signal vectors and the signal ID values.

Abstract: An indoor localization method is implemented using an indoor localization system that includes beacons in an indoor space and each periodically transmitting a localization signal, a radio badge receiving the localization signals, and a host coupled to the beacons and the radio badge. The beacons transmit the localization signals asynchronously. The indoor localization method includes a training phase and a tracking phase. During the training phase, signal vectors are formed from the localization signals received by the radio badge, and a signal ID value is generated from the signal vectors. During the tracking phase, signal vectors are formed from the localization signals received by the radio badge at a current location. An estimated position of the radio badge is obtained using the signal vectors of the tracking phase and the signal ID values.

Abstract: The present invention is an integrated wireless system with multiple functionalities including robust (indoor/outdoor) position location, mobile receiver tracking and adaptive broadband communication. The present invention may be an adaptive position location system for local and indoor applications with improved accuracy, flexibility and security. The self-calibration technique of the present invention may cause, the position location system to be easily deployed. A master station may communicate with and control two or more slave stations and one or more user devices and thereby determine the position of a user device and track that user device, utilizing location reference sets, in accordance with the location of the master station and communication between the slave stations and the master station. The locationing operation of the present invention may be initiated by the user device.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method and system for detecting and determining the position of a target or intruder using a plurality of sensors positioned throughout a secured perimeter and a single antenna. The system of the present disclosure detects and determines the position of a target by first analyzing the return signal strength values of each of the sensors. Next, Zvalues for each of the sensors are calculated. Based on the Zvalues, certain sensors are selected to compute a signal strength center-of-mass location, which is then used to determine the position of the target.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for locating resources available to portable electronic devices which are enabled for short range wireless communications. The system and method include creating and accessing a resource and access location history database accessible via the portable electronic device.

Abstract: System and methods for communicating tracking information about tagged items. A tagged item is a tangible item that carries a self-identifying tag. The tracking information can be stored in the tag or in a document that is accessible through an item tracking system. The tracking information can be accessible by multiple consumers having different levels of access. The methods include methods for masking redundancies in the tracking information, filtering the tracking information, and controlling access to the tracking information.

Abstract: A CE device can incorporate a GPS receiver and can be moved around a building with wireless access point (AP) signal strengths recorded at various locations. The optimum AP location is selected on the basis of the location-to-signal strength correlations.

Abstract: A first wireless device includes a signal strength module and a control module. The signal strength module is configured to receive a signal from a second wireless device, wherein the signal includes transmit power data indicating a transmit power of the second wireless device, and estimate a signal strength of the signal. The control module is configured to estimate a path loss between the first wireless device and the second wireless device based on (i) the signal strength and (ii) the transmit power data, and generate a control signal to control a transmit power of the first wireless device based on (i) the path loss and (ii) a sensitivity of a receiver of the first wireless device, where the sensitivity of the receiver is a minimum signal strength that the receiver is able to detect.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a system and method for using a satellite positioning system to filter WLAN access points in a hybrid positioning system. In some embodiments, the method can include detecting WLAN APs in range of the WLAN and satellite enabled device, obtaining satellite measurements from at least two satellites to provide a plurality of possible satellite locations of the device, and providing a weight for each AP based on the distance from the WLAN APs to the possible satellite locations of the device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for facilitating a first response mission at an incident scene, such as an accident site, a natural or human-made disaster site, or any other first response site. One system is for locating a plurality of portable modules at an incident scene. The system comprises a plurality of receivers transportable to the incident scene. The system also comprises a processing entity configured to: determine a location of a first one of the portable modules based on first data derived from a wireless signal transmitted by the first one of the portable modules and received by at least three receivers of the plurality of receivers; and determine a location of a second one of the portable modules based on the location of the first one of the portable modules and second data derived from a wireless signal transmitted by the second one of the portable modules and received by the first one of the portable modules.

Abstract: A method for efficiently performing ranging in a wireless communication network may be implemented by a mobile station. The method may include sending a ranging code to a base station. The method may also include receiving a ranging response message from the base station. The method may also include determining whether a ranging failure condition is satisfied. The ranging failure condition may relate to something other than a duration of time. The method may further include re-sending the ranging code to the base station if the ranging failure condition is satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system 10 and corresponding method for locating mobile terminals 12 following a location request whereto is associated information whose content depends on the position and characteristics of the mobile terminal 12 to be located. The system 10 comprises a cellular phone location centre (MLC centre) 15 able to locate the mobile terminals 12, in selective fashion, as the type and reliability of the received information vary. The system 10 and corresponding method allow, by means of the MLC centre 15, to select, among a plurality of location engines, a determined engine suited to manage the received information and selectively to identify both the position of the mobile terminal 12 and accuracy indicators relating to the type of locating operation performed.

Abstract: A method of and system for calibrating un-calibrated time information within a mobile terminal 101 is disclosed. The terminal has a receiver 203 capable of receiving signals from which calibrated time information carried by a calibrated system (a satellite positioning system) can be extracted, and a receiver 200 capable of receiving signals from which un-calibrated time information carried by an un-calibrated stable system (a cellular communications system) may be extracted. The time offset between calibrated time information extracted from the calibrated system and un-calibrated time information extracted from the un-calibrated stable system is determined at a first terminal position where the signals from the un-calibrated stable system are available, the travel times of the signals from the un-calibrated stable system are known or determined, and the signals from the calibrated system are available.

Abstract: A method and system for locating and positioning using broadcast frequency modulation (FM) signals, is provided. One implementation involves receiving FM stereo signals from three FM stations at one or more receivers, each stereo signal including a modulated 19 KHz FM pilot tone; and determining a geographical position at each receiver based on the phase difference of the demodulated pilot tones in the received FM signals.

Abstract: A mobile communication device includes, in part, a first wireless receiver adapted to determine, as it travels along a path, a multitude of positions of the mobile communication device using signals received from a primary positioning source, a second wireless receiver adapted to receive signals from one or more ambient wireless sources as the mobile communication device travels along the path, and a positioning module. An internal or external memory stores estimated positions and corresponding time references of the signals of the one or more ambient sources. The positioning module uses the data stored in the database to estimate the position of the mobile communication device when no primary positioning source signal is available. The positioning module optionally uses the data stored in the database to improve estimates of the position of the mobile communication device when primary positioning signal is available.

Abstract: A mobile device comprising an antenna may be operable to adjust a plurality of received signal strength indications (RSSIs) for a plurality of known RF nodes based on an orientation of the antenna and an antenna gain profile (AGP) of the antenna. The mobile device may be operable to calculate a position of the mobile device utilizing a power ranging based on the adjusted plurality of RSSIs. The mobile device may generate an antenna orientation report (AOR) utilizing a magnetometer and an accelerometer in the mobile device and determine the orientation of the antenna based on the AOR. The mobile device may be operable to determine an antenna gain value associated with each of the plurality of RSSIs for the plurality of known RF nodes based on the orientation of the antenna and the AGP of the antenna.

Abstract: Position determining systems and methods are provided. A particular portable device includes a calibration component to communicate with a local positioning system to determine an initial position and orientation of the portable device within a local coordinate system associated with a target structure. The portable device also includes at least one movement sensor to detect movement of the portable device. The portable device further includes a processor to determine a measured position and orientation of the portable device based on the initial position and orientation of the portable device within the local coordinate system and based on the detected movement of the portable device.

Abstract: A system for use with an excavator of the type having a chassis, bucket support elements including a boom extending from the chassis and a dipper stick pivotally mounted on the end of the boom, and an excavator bucket pivotally mounted on the end of the dipper stick, determines the position of the excavator bucket during operation of the excavator at a worksite. The system includes a plurality of fixed ranging radios that are positioned at known locations at the worksite. A pair of ranging radios is mounted on the chassis of the excavator. A third ranging radio is mounted on one of the bucket support elements. A measurement circuit is responsive to the pair of ranging radios and to the third ranging radio, and determines the position and orientation of the excavator chassis, the bucket support elements, and the bucket with respect to the plurality of fixed ranging radios.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method by which the position of a wireless emitter can be estimated by using a minimum of two wireless transceiver devices. The invention relies on physically moving the wireless transceiver devices to new position locations in order to obtain multiple time difference of arrival measurements. The time difference of arrival measurements can then be combined to derive estimates for the position of the emitter. At least one of the two wireless transceiver devices needs to be mobile with the other one fixed. Using this invention, any proportion of mobile and fixed transceiver devices can be used to derive the position of a wireless emitter. The wireless emitter to be located is not assumed to provide any information about itself to the wireless transceivers used for estimating its position location. The method is referred here as a Mobile-TDOA method or M-TDOA.

Abstract: A system for determining the dimensional coordinates of a point of interest in a work space, includes a plurality of fixed-position ranging radios, located at known positions in the work space, and a wand having a first end configured for indicating a point of interest. A pair of ranging radios are mounted on the wand. A measurement circuit, responsive to the pair of ranging radios, determines the position of each of the pair of ranging radios with respect to the plurality of fixed-position ranging radios, and determines the position of the first end of the wand with respect to the plurality of fixed position ranging radios. A robotic total station may be used in lieu of the fixed-position ranging radios to monitor the positions of retroreflective elements on the wand.

Abstract: A system for determining a location of a receiver is disclosed. The system includes at least one transmitter transmitting one or more radio signals, respectively. The system also includes a receiver comprising a clock, a memory, and a processor configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory. The instructions makes the receiver operable to receive the radio signals, capture the radio signals as one or more received signal waveform, respectively, and store the received signal waveforms in the memory. The instructions also make the receiver operable to calculate one or more virtual transmitted waveforms based upon the received signal waveforms, respectively and determine, based upon the received signal waveforms and the virtual transmitted waveforms, a position of the receiver relative to the transmitters.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus for a wireless ad-hoc network that can measure distances between network nodes that are in range and connected to each other. The positioning apparatus can calculate 3D positions of some nodes using the distance values using a relative coordinate system, first by measuring distances to neighbored nodes, receiving and sending distance reports to/from neighbors, by second initially advantageously selecting the set of base nodes to which the coordinate system relates, and by calculating positions of the base nodes and other nodes in the network initially, and by third detecting movements in the network and by calculating positions of the moved nodes. The network can compensate for movements of the base nodes, select the base nodes in an advantageous way, and cope with sleeping nodes, with unreliable communication, and with fluctuating network topologies. Neighbor communication is used only if no node is sleeping.

Abstract: A method is provided for mobile device enabled radar tags. A signal is transmitted to a radar tag. The radar tag detects the signal. The radar tag provides information. The information is received from the radar tag. A location of the radar tag is determined based on the information. The radar tag is identified based on the information. The identification of the radar tag, the location of the radar tag, and a time associated with determining the location of the radar tag are recorded as data in a database. The radar tag is evaluated based on accessing a plurality of recordings of the data in the database.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for passive location of transmitters in which two or more receivers time stamp received signals from target transmitters and the time stamped data for each target signal of interest is isolated to identify a peak power time of arrival for the signal at each transmitter from which differential scan observation values are derived, and for each signal of interest a line of position curve is computed based on the differential scan observation value and corresponding receiver locations, and for each signal of interest an estimated target transmitter location is determined based on an intersection of two corresponding line of position curves.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the positioning of mobile-appliance location determining sensors in a mobile-appliance communications network by estimating the positioning accuracy of the sensors.

Abstract: A system includes first and second transmitters attachable to first and second vehicles. The transmitters can each transmit successive signals at predetermined time intervals. Tracking stations at different locations are configured to receive the signals transmitted by at least one of the first and second transmitters, distinguish signals transmitted by the first transmitter from signals transmitted by the second transmitter, and determine from the transmitted signals respective position information for at least one of the first and second transmitters. Each of the tracking stations is further configured to be in signal communication with at least one other of the tracking stations. The system further includes at least one processing device in signal communication with at least one of the tracking stations. The processing device is configured to determine from the position information a location of the first vehicle relative to a location of the second vehicle.

Abstract: An exemplary method of determining location information includes transmitting a modeling signal from each of a plurality of detectors. Each of the plurality of detectors receives at least one of the transmitted modeling signals from the other detectors. At least one characteristic of each of the received modeling signals is determined. A signal propagation model for an area near each of the detectors is automatically determined based on the characteristic of each of the received modeling signals. The determined propagation model indicates an effect on a signal received within the corresponding area.

Abstract: A method for restoring navigation failure information in a fluoroscopy-based imaging system is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a plurality of receiver navigation information using a calibration target rigidly attached to a supporting member of the imaging system. The calibration target may include a plurality of receivers providing navigation information and the supporting member may be a C-arm. The method identifies a navigation failure and corresponding to the navigation failure a calibrated receiver navigation information is generated. The calibrated receiver navigation information is generated using a calibration information and a C-arm imaging position obtained during navigation failure. A receiver navigation information corresponding to the navigation failure is estimated using the calibrated receiver navigation information, and a transmitter navigation information.

Abstract: A method and a system for indoor positioning are provided. In the present method, a default positioning weight is defined at first. Then, a plurality of neighboring ranging devices near a target device is obtained from all wireless ranging devices deployed in an indoor space, and a current positioning weight of each of the neighboring ranging devices is calculated. Next, the current positioning weight of each of the neighboring ranging devices is respectively compared with the default positioning weight, so as to obtain a plurality of reference ranging devices from the neighboring ranging devices. After calculating at least one candidate coordinate according to a deploy coordinate of each of the reference ranging devices, a positioned coordinate represents the current location of the target device is estimated according to the at least one candidate coordinate.

Abstract: A system and method automatically maps computer center rooms and locates data center components within computer centers. Radio triangulation is used to determine the locations and, optionally, orientation, of machines within a computer center.

Abstract: In a multilateration system receivers are grouped into two groups. The first group is used to determine a position of a signal source, for example, an aircraft equipped with a SAR transponder. From the determined position, predicted time of arrival values are produced for the second group receivers. These are compared with the actual time of arrival values for the signals arriving at the second group receivers. A difference is determined and then the variation of that difference is determined as the aircraft travels in its track. The groupings are then varied and further variations determined. When the minimum variation is determined an alert is given that the second group has a receiver which is operating with a larger than desirable group time delay.

Abstract: Processes and systems are presented, for identifying a set of neighbors of a radio transmitter based on available geo-spatial coordinates of radio transmitters in operation around the world. In one aspect, the identified set of radio transmitters can be have a desired size (in terms of number of neighbors and/or radial range). The identified set of radio transmitters can be further customized to include radio transmitters of a specific type, and/or radio transmitters that belong to specific network carriers, and/or other possible grouping criteria.

Abstract: A position determining system (PDS) receiver gathers independent location information from multiple sources. These multiple pieces of location information are analyzed to determine consistency of location. If the location is consistent among the various independently gathered location information, then the location information is injected into the PDS positioning process for more efficient acquisition and positioning. Otherwise, if inconsistency is found, then no location information is injected into the PDS positioning process.

Abstract: A wireless positioning method of a receiver is provided. Signals are received from a plurality of transmitters, propagation taps of the plurality of transmitters received from the plurality of transmitters are determined, respectively, the distance between the receiver and each of the transmitters is calculated, respectively, the distances are corrected by using propagation delay taps of the respective transmitters to determine final distances between the receiver and each of the transmitters, and an area, in which circles away by the final distances between the receiver and each of the transmitters on the basis of the center of each of the transmitters overlap with each other, is estimated as the location of the receiver. Thus, an error of wireless positioning according to a propagation environment can be reduced.

Abstract: At least two receiver sets are provided. A data processor is in communication with the receiver sets, wherein the data processor tags position data and radio frequency emission data from the receiver sets. A data storage unit is in communication with the data processor and is at least capable of storing tagged data. A processing unit is capable of processing the tagged data. The processing unit defines a search grid within which to search for the source of the radio frequency emission. The processing unit motion compensates the tagged data separately for each point on the grid. The processing unit assigns a value to each grid point based on a phase coherence of the motion compensated data. The processing unit determines a location within the grid having a highest assigned value, thereby determining the source of the radio frequency emission.

Abstract: A system tracks vehicles within a terminal and includes at least one tag interrogator mounted on a vehicle to be identified and tracked within the terminal. The tag interrogator is operative for emitting a signal containing data identifying the vehicle to which the tag interrogator is mounted. At least one tag transmitter is fixed at a known location within the terminal where vehicles are to be identified and receptive to a tag interrogator on the vehicle when the vehicle passes within proximity to the fixed tag transmitter for transmitting a wireless RF signal having data identifying the tag transmitter and identifying the tag interrogator as an identifier for the vehicle to which the tag interrogator is mounted. At least one access point is positioned at the terminal for receiving the RF signal from the tag transmitter for subsequent processing to verify vehicle identity at the known location.

Abstract: A method to support client device position discovery within a building includes ascribing building position coordinates to beacons within the building. The building position coordinates are converted to physical position coordinates. The physical position coordinates are augmented with at least one additional parameter that supports position resolution. A client device communicates with accessed beacons positioned within the building. A beacon location database characterizing the physical locations of the accessed beacons is also accessed. The physical location of the client device is computed based upon the physical locations of the accessed beacons.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for delivering multicast data to a plurality of mobile devices. The method comprises providing data using a first technique, such as multicast over HS-DSCH, to a first portion of the plurality of mobile devices, and providing data using a second technique, such as multicast over DCH or FACH, to a second portion of the plurality of mobile devices. The type of multicast technique used is based upon a quality of communications, such as the long term block error rate, that exists with respect to each of the mobile devices.

Abstract: In a multi-radar system, configured comprising a plurality of radar units which generate and output signals the frequency of which increases and decreases periodically, each radar unit generates and outputs signals synchronized with a prescribed sync signal, such that the upper limit and lower limit of the periodically increasing and decreasing frequency is different for the signals of each radar unit, and moreover the timing of the upper limit and lower limit of the signals substantially coincide. By this means, the frequency intervals between signals can be reduced, and more channels can be set, without causing radio wave interference.

Abstract: A method of creating a global coordinate of a polyhedral hollow frame includes a first step of providing a plurality of transmitters on a reference surface in the hollow frame, providing a plurality of reference sensors to create the coordinate of the reference surface, and creating a local coordinate frame of the reference surface on the basis of the positional coordinates measured by the reference sensors; a second step of providing reference sensors at common points of a first vertical surface neighboring to the reference surface to measure and store the coordinates of the common points; a third step of providing a plurality of transmitters and reference sensors on the first vertical surface neighboring to the reference surface to create a local coordinate frame of the first vertical surface; a fourth step of transforming the local coordinate frames created at the first and the third steps into a global coordinate frame using the coordinates of the common points measured at the second step; a fifth step of

Abstract: A method solving for unknown location values and clock rate values of one or more nodes of a network of nodes communicating with one another entails associating multiple transmitting nodes and receiving nodes that produce, respectively, ping transmit events and ping receive events by receiving and associating receive count stamps to the ping transmit events. Ping event values corresponding to ping events relating to associated ones of the ping transmit events and the ping receive events are generated and accumulated. Solutions for transmit and receive node clock rate values and node location values relating to the transmit and receive ping events at arbitrary times within a harmonic block time interval are generated from the grouped, accumulated ping event values. The generated solutions for one of the associated multiple nodes are a function of the ping transmit events and ping receive events produced by the others of the associated multiple nodes.