Abstract: When position measurement accuracy of the present position which the base station distance and position measurement part measures from radio waves coming from base stations is not good, a GPS distance and position measurement part measures the present position from radio waves coming from GPS satellites. When position measurement accuracy of the present position obtained by the GPS distance and position measurement part is not good, a position measurement accuracy analysis part compounds the present position obtained by the base station distance and position measurement part with the present position obtained by the GPS distance and position measurement part, and calculates a new position within a range of overlap between a position measurement error of the present position obtained by the base station distance and position measurement part and a position measurement error of the present position obtained by the GPS distance and position measurement part.

Abstract: A hybrid navigation system including a neural network is provided. The hybrid navigation system includes a global positioning system (GPS) as a main system using satellites and a radio determination system when there are difficulties in reception of signals from the satellites. The hybrid navigation system comprises a GPS signal processor, a TDOA signal processor and a neural network. The GPS signal processor receives GPS signals from the satellites to determine positions. The TDOA signal processor receives determination signals from mobile communication stations to determine positions. The neural network uses position values inputted from each of the GPS signal processor and the TDOA signal processor to learn and predict the position of the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A geo-location technique for use in mobile communications networks employs both FDD and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes of operation, and is applicable when both FDD and TDD systems are jointly deployed or both FDD and TDD modes of a wireless system such as UMTS are jointly activated. It has been determined that the near-far interference can be much easier controlled on purpose in the TDD mode than in the FDD mode thanks to the slotted data transmission nature of a TDD system that permits adjustment of the interference level at the time slot level instead of the frame level. Indeed, in a TDD system, loading and interference levels can be gracefully decreased in a single time slot without harming the ongoing traffic or complicating the power control operations, as would be the situation in a UMTS FDD system via IPDL or similar solutions that require to mute the pilot transmission. The invention applies to both situations whether or not the terminals are equipped with a dual receiver.

Abstract: A Direction Finding Method and System Using Probabilistic Mapping is disclosed. Also disclosed is a preferred system that employs a technique for taking in data sets (lines of bearing) from DF receivers and characterizing those signals with their respective probabilities of error. Then using a unique method, the preferred system can display the triangulated position on a map with an overlay of probability fields indicating the emitter location with varying levels of confidence. Even further, the preferred system is able to redraw the probability fields on the map display in real-time as new data is collected and updated. In this way, a far more efficient EL System has been achieved in which the emitter's position can be determined more quickly. It should be noted that with this invention, triangulation can be done with just a single (mobile) DF Set in the EL System. Today's systems for triangulation must use at least three DF Sets.

Abstract: The present invention is useful in connection with calibration of a wireless location system based on RF signals within a facility. Identification devices are provided at fixed locations which are selected within the facility. The RF environment is sampled at selected locations and data representing the sampled RF environment and the corresponding selected location is provided to a computer which maintains a database corrolating the RF environment data and the selected locations to be used with calibrating a location system.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media comprise receiving a broadcast digital television signal comprising data relevant to one or more particular locations; generating a pseudorange based on the broadcast digital television signal; and determining location of an apparatus based on the pseudorange and a location of a transmitter of the broadcast digital television signal, and selecting a portion of the data relevant to the one or more particular locations based on the determined location of the apparatus.

Abstract: A system for tracking a moveable object such as a soldier in an urban environment includes a receiver that is positioned on the movable object and a plurality of signal transmitters. The transmitters are mutually dispersed at known locations within the urban environment and each transmitter is configured to generate a low frequency electromagnetic signal capable of penetrating into buildings in the urban environment. At the receiver, phase related information and the receiver location information are extracted from received signals and used to determine the location of the receiver. Phase related ambiguities can be eliminated by a processor to find the real receiver position using an algorithm such as the maximum likelihood method (MLM) algorithm. Once the real receiver position is calculated, it can be transmitted to a central location using a low probability of intercept (LPI) waveform to prevent hostile parties from intercepting the location of the soldier.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for use in determining the position of a user terminal includes receiving at the user terminal a digital television (DTV) broadcast signal transmitted by a DTV transmitter; tracking a periodic component of the DTV signal using a delay-lock loop (DLL), including selecting an observation interval based on the timing of the periodic component, and turning on a portion of the DLL during the observation interval, and turning the portion off otherwise; and determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the DTV transmitter based on the DTV broadcast signal; and wherein the position of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudo-range and a location of the DTV transmitter.

Abstract: Methods, circuits and mobile terminals determine the position of the mobile terminal. The position of the mobile terminal is estimated based on range estimates derived from digital television signals received at the mobile terminal from at least one digital television transmitter and based on range estimates derived from signals received at the mobile terminal from at least one other type of transmitter. For example, the other type of transmitter may be a GPS satellite or a base station of a mobile telecommunications network. Accordingly, by combining ranging signals from multiple sources, flexibility in acquiring enough signals to estimate a position of the mobile terminal may be increased and the estimation of the position may not require the use of weak digital television signals.

Abstract: A survey system and method for determining the best source of position data for a particular application. The system includes both a satellite positioning system (SATPS) and a non-SATPS unit for obtaining position data. The SATPS unit includes a SATPS antenna and a SATPS receiver for receiving signals from satellites of the SATPS and a radio for coupling the received signals to the rover unit. Data is collected using both the SATPS and non-SATPS methods to obtain a master data set. Data is selected and/or combined from the master data set to produce the data subset required for position determination. The basic SATPS method may also be augmented by the use of one or more reference stations at known locations.

Abstract: A position location system adapted for Military Operations in Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) training exercises that equips a player with a magnetic sensor for detecting a low frequency (LF) magnetic field from a plurality of stationary antennas. The distance between the player-borne sensor and a stationary antenna is proportional to the logarithm of the magnetic field intensity because the player remains within the “near field” of the stationary antenna. With scheduled transmissions from six stationary antennas, the position and angular orientation of a player bearing a three-axis magnetic field sensor may be resolved in three-dimensions to within one foot (30 cm). The LF magnetic field intensity is generally unaffected by structural obstructions or multipath distortion.

Abstract: A system and process for determining the location of persons and objects using transmitters (TXs) that transmit location messages to at least one receiver connected to a computer, in a network of computers. The TXs are small, battery-powered, radio frequency transmitters carried by the person or object whose location is being tracked. The location message signals are picked up by one or more receivers (RXs) scattered throughout an environment. Each TX transmits a code with a unique identifier, and each RX also has a unique identifier. The RXs measure the signal strength of each location message transmission. Each RX is connected to a computer, which is in turn connected to a network. The RX computers send the data messages including the TX identifier, radio signal strength, and RX identifier to a central computer via the network. The central computer uses this information to determine the location of the TXs.

Abstract: Under a multi-path environment, receive timing for the incoming wave of the minimum propagation delay time cannot be accurately measured using the prior art.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for determining the position of a user terminal comprises receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter; determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal; receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station; determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

Abstract: A location determination method uses location data items that originate at known locations and are passed to, and diffused between, entities by short-range communication. Each location data item received by an entity includes a displacement value indicative of the displacement of the item since leaving a specified known location. This displacement value of a location data item has been updated to reflect movement of entities temporarily hosting the item and/or the range of the transmission hops made by the item. An entity derives its location from received location data items by effecting a weighted combination of the known locations specified in the received location data items, the weighting of the known location specified in each received location data item being dependent on the associated displacement value.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a receiver employing integrated location procedures, wherein signals from two radio net-work sources are employed. A system delay (46) is calculated for a first network, and another system delay (46) is calculated for a second network. The differential system delay (50) is stored (53) and used in future location determination sessions. The differential system delay is updated repeatedly, if reception conditions permit.

Abstract: A cellular phone receives a position measurement result, which indicates a position of the cellular phone determined based on both GPS satellite information and CDMA base station information, from a location information server. Then, when a value indicated by uncertainty information of the position measurement result is greater than a first threshold value, the cellular phone receives another position measurement result, which indicates the position of the cellular phone determined based only on the CDMA base station information, from the location information server and displays it on a display device.

Abstract: A system for determining the position of an object, comprising a reference transmitter device (202) disposed in a fixed position, the reference transmitter device (202) having a reference time supplying means for supplying a reference time signal that indicates a reference time, at least two transmitter/receiver devices (302) disposed in fixed positions with respect to each other and to the reference transmitter device (202), each transmitter/receiver device (302) having a time supplying means for supplying a time signal indicating a time, a receiver means for receiving the reference time signal from the reference transmitter device (202) and a synchronization means for processing the time signal and the reference time signal, as well as a position determining device (502) on the object for determining the position of the object.

Abstract: A hybrid position determination system is disclosed. A mobile device may determine a number of pseudo ranges based on a first position determination system, such as a Global Positioning System. In instances where the position of the mobile device is underdetermined because of an insufficient number of satellite pseudo ranges, the mobile device shares position information with other devices. The other devices may include other mobile devices. A first mobile device may determine its position based on an underdetermined number of satellite pseudo ranges by determining pseudo ranges to other mobile devices. In other embodiments, the number of satellite pseudo ranges may be insufficient to generate an absolute position determination of a single mobile device. In this underdetermined condition, mobile devices may determine a common location of the group or may determine a relative positioning of members of the group.

Abstract: A system for detecting mobile bodies, using digital telebroadcasting transmissions of an array of terrestrial transmitters. The digital telebroadcast transmissions include a plurality of carriers, afforded symbol-based digital modulation, processed by carrier-wise orthogonal frequency multiplexing. After its reception stages, the receiver includes a processor for performing a discrimination of backscattering the transmissions, according to distance/Doppler bins. A reference pathway receives and demodulates the direct signal received from one of the transmitters. The processor includes a Doppler distribution, the Doppler pathways of which are each assigned to a respective frequency shift, then a distance compressor that yields samples arranged in the distance/Doppler bins. After coherent Doppler integration, a postprocessing with tracking contrasts the echoes obtained in these bins, to obtain radar plots containing position/velocity information on one or more objects.

Abstract: A wireless network having wireless network access devices may determine the location of newly added wireless network access devices.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for determining the position of a user terminal. It includes receiving, at the user terminal, a broadcast analog television signal having a periodic component; and correlating the broadcast analog television signal with a predetermined reference signal based on the periodic component, thereby producing a pseudorange; and wherein the location of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudorange and a location of the transmitter of the broadcast analog television signal.

Abstract: A system to locate an output device includes a wireless device including a configuration to display output device information used to locate the output device selected for a printing operation, where the wireless device includes a configuration to receive and store the output device information. The system also includes a storage device configured to store the output device information and to send the output device information to the wireless device. A method for locating an output device includes receiving output device information used to locate the output device selected for a printing operation from a storage device, using a wireless device. In addition, the method includes displaying the output device information for the output device selected for the printing operation on the wireless device.

Abstract: A method of providing an estimate of the location of first and second devices (MS1, MS2) comprising the steps of obtaining at least one range measurement from the first device (MS1) to a known reference point (BS1, GPS SVs); obtaining at least one range measurement from the second device (MS2) to a known reference point (BS1, GPS SVs), the second device (MS2) being located near to the first device (MS1); and calculating an estimate of the location of the devices (MS1, MS2) using range measurements obtained in respect of both the first and second devices (MS1, MS2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for positioning a receiver based on code modulated signals transmitted by a plurality of transmitting units, which code modulated signals are formed by an individual code for each transmitting unit. In order to enable an improved positioning it is proposed that the method comprises in a first step receiving signals at said receiver. In a second step a correlation of the received signals is performed with predetermined replica codes corresponding to the individual codes employed by the transmitting units for determining potentially used channels based on resulting correlation peaks. A third step consists in determining a value indicative of the signal level of each channel for which a maximum correlation peak is obtained in a correlation with one of said predetermined codes.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a position of a mobile wireless station comprises means for determining the position of the mobile wireless station in accordance with a position of a first reference wireless station, a position of a second reference wireless station, a first relative angular direction between the mobile wireless station and the first reference wireless station, and a second relative angular direction between the mobile wireless station and the second reference wireless station.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and computer-readable media. The apparatus comprises a receiver adapted to receive a plurality of broadcast signals; a signal processor adapted to determine a position based on the received plurality of broadcast signals; a signal generator adapted to generate a ranging signal comprising a known component of a television signal; and a transmitter adapted to broadcast a signal comprising the ranging signal and a position signal comprising a description of the position.

Abstract: A position location system adapted for Military Operations in Urbanized Terrain (MOUT) training exercises that equips a player with a magnetic sensor for detecting a low frequency (LF) magnetic field from a plurality of stationary antennas. The distance between the player-borne sensor and a stationary antenna is proportional to the logarithm of the magnetic field intensity because the player remains within the “near field” of the stationary antenna. With scheduled transmissions from six stationary antennas, the position and angular orientation of a player bearing a three-axis magnetic field sensor may be resolved in three-dimensions to within one foot (30 cm). The LF magnetic field intensity is generally unaffected by structural obstructions or multipath distortion.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for determining the position of a user terminal comprises receiving at the user terminal a digital television (DTV) broadcast signal from a DTV transmitter, wherein the DTV signal comprises an Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) signal; determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the DTV transmitter based on a known component in the broadcast DTV signal; and determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudo-range and a location of the DTV transmitter.

Abstract: A location system includes a plurality of beacon transmitters each positioned at a respective location. Each beacon transmitter includes a plurality of antennas positioned in a circular arrangement. Each beacon transmitter is configured to transmit an identification signal having a plurality of reference data and to transmit a directional signal from the plurality of antennas by selecting one of the antennas at a time in sequence around the circular arrangement to simulate a rotating antenna. The location system further includes a receiver configured to receive the identification signals and a plurality of Doppler-shifted directional signals each corresponding to one of the directional signals, wherein the receiver is configured to generate a plurality of time data for each received Doppler-shifted directional signal, and wherein the receiver is configured to determine a location of the receiver using each received Doppler-shifted directional signal, each time data, and each identification signal.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for determining the position of a user terminal comprises generating a correlation reference signal based on known characteristics of a chirp-type signal present in a broadcast analog television signal; receiving, at the user terminal, a broadcast analog television signal comprising the chirp-type signal; and correlating the broadcast analog television signal with the correlation reference signal, thereby producing a pseudorange; and wherein the location of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudorange and a location of the transmitter of the broadcast analog television signal.

Abstract: A system to locate an output device includes a wireless device including a configuration to display output device information used to locate the output device selected for a printing operation, where the wireless device includes a configuration to receive and store the output device information. The system also includes a storage device configured to store the output device information and to send the output device information to the wireless device. A method for locating an output device includes receiving output device information used to locate the output device selected for a printing operation from a storage device, using a wireless device. In addition, the method includes displaying the output device information for the output device selected for the printing operation on the wireless device.

Abstract: A location system includes a plurality of beacon transmitters each positioned at a respective location. Each beacon transmitter includes a plurality of antennas positioned in a circular arrangement. Each beacon transmitter is configured to transmit an identification signal having a plurality of reference data and to transmit a directional signal from the plurality of antennas by selecting one of the antennas at a time in sequence around the circular arrangement to simulate a rotating antenna. The location system further includes a receiver configured to receive the identification signals and a plurality of Doppler-shifted directional signals each corresponding to one of the directional signals, wherein the receiver is configured to generate a plurality of time data for each received Doppler-shifted directional signal, and wherein the receiver is configured to determine a location of the receiver using each received Doppler-shifted directional signal, each time data, and each identification signal.

Abstract: A server which provides information related to a service instructs positioning accuracy to a mobile terminal in accordance with a content of a requested service. The mobile terminal changes a position detecting method in accordance with the set positioning accuracy.

Abstract: A location determination apparatus, method and system (10, 23, 26, 32, 36, 48, 52, 60, 64, 74, 78, 84, 90, 106) that is an improvement upon existing location determining techniques. The invention enables precision indoor location determination through the use of non-DTV terrestrial broadcast signals (e.g. one way, wide area, dissemination of information)(20), or re-broadcast signals (44, 56, 70, 80) of the proposed (terrestrial based) digital satellite radio relay transmitters (42, 54) to provide position location. This solution does not require a local receiver to correct for long distance propagation dispersion, particularly for the satellite relay, as the digital radio satellites are already synchronized to GPS time.

Abstract: In a method of estimating the position of a mobile station (2) in a mobile radio network (1) on the basis of propagation models, at the mobile station (2) the field strength of a plurality of base stations (6-8) connected to the mobile station (2) is measured, the distance between the mobile station (2) and each of the base stations (6-8) connected to the mobile station (2) is estimated on the basis of a propagation model, and the estimated distances are stored, the estimated distances being filtered and the position of the mobile station (2) being estimated on the basis of the filtered estimated distances. In a further development the propagation model used can be adapted on the basis of the measured field strengths. In this way a more accurate position determination of the mobile station (2) can be effected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for positioning a receiver based on code modulated signals transmitted by a plurality of transmitting units, which code modulated signals are formed by an individual code for each transmitting unit. In order to enable an improved positioning it is proposed that the method comprises in a first step receiving signals at said receiver. In a second step a correlation of the received signals is performed with predetermined replica codes corresponding to the individual codes employed by the transmitting units for determining potentially used channels based on resulting correlation peaks. A third step consists in determining a value indicative of the signal level of each channel for which a maximum correlation peak is obtained in a correlation with one of said predetermined codes.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for determining the position of a user terminal comprises receiving at the user terminal a broadcast television signal from a television signal transmitter; determining a first pseudo-range between the user terminal and the television signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast television signal; receiving at the user terminal a mobile telephone signal from a mobile telephone base station; determining a second pseudo-range between the user terminal and the mobile telephone base station based on a known component of the mobile telephone signal; and determining a position of the user terminal based on the first and second pseudo-ranges, a location of the television signal transmitter, and a location of the mobile telephone base station.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for determining the position of a user terminal. It includes receiving, at the user terminal, a broadcast analog television signal having a periodic component; and correlating the broadcast analog television signal with a predetermined reference signal based on the periodic component, thereby producing a pseudorange; and wherein the location of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudorange and a location of the transmitter of the broadcast analog television signal.

Abstract: Two or more receivers of known location receive RF bursts from a wireless moving object containing a transmitter that transmits periodic RF bursts. The receivers are gated with precision swept timing that repeats at the exact transmit RF burst period to produce precision expanded time representations of the received RF bursts. The expanded time representations correspond to RF burst arrival times from the transmitter, which are used to calculate the location of the transmitter. A writing pen application includes an RF transmitter in a writing pen and four RF receivers beneath the surface of a writing tablet where RF propagation from the pen to the receivers cannot be blocked by a user's hand. Two RF transmitters, one located at each end of the pen, may be employed to measure pen tilt and for 3-D tracking. Spatial resolution is more than 600 dpi at 100 location fixes per second.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for resolving integer ambiguities in position determination. An embodiment of the invention includes a reference system, augmented with multi-frequency pseudolites using a carrier phase differential GPS implementation, and a mobile system. In one embodiment, the components of the reference system includes one or more multi-frequency pseudolites, one or more multi-frequency reference receivers, a data link standing alone or built into the pseudolites, and the associated antennae for each of these elements. The components of the reference system may be stationary. The mobile system may include a multi-frequency receiver and its associated antennae. Because the mobile systems may passively receive information, an unlimited number of mobile systems may be included in any given embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for use in determining the position of a user terminal includes receiving at the user terminal a digital television (DTV) broadcast signal transmitted by a DTV transmitter; tracking a periodic component of the DTV signal using a delay-lock loop (DLL), including selecting an observation interval based on the timing of the periodic component, and turning on a portion of the DLL during the observation interval, and turning the portion off otherwise; and determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the DTV transmitter based on the DTV broadcast signal; and wherein the position of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudo-range and a location of the DTV transmitter.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the geographic location of a mobile station in a mobile telephone system is disclosed. The system broadcasts a series of forward link triangulation signals from an array of base transceiver stations, so that a mobile station may determine the differential times of arrival, and thereby the mobile station's location.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for determining the position of a user terminal. It includes receiving at the user terminal a plurality of digital television (DTV) broadcast signals from a plurality of DTV transmitters, determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and each DTV transmitter based on the DTV broadcast signals, and determining a position of the user terminal based on the pseudo-ranges and a location of each of the DTV transmitters.

Abstract: An object location monitoring system tracks the locations of portable transceivers that attach to movable objects, such as patients within a hospital. The system preferably tracks the locations of the transceivers by combining a signal strength based locating process with a topological tracking process. Beacons that intermittently transmit unique ID codes are mounted to walls or other structures throughout a building, and are maintained in synchronization using the 60 Hz cycle of a standard 120V AC power signal, either directly or by monitoring flicker of fluorescent lighting. The transceivers receive the transmissions of nearby beacons, determine the signal strengths of such transmissions, and forward associated data to a server. The server uses this data to determine the location of each transceiver, and uses expected travel times between specific locations to resolve ambiguities.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of determining the position or change in position or state of motion of a receiver or receivers, the position or change in position or state of motion of which is or are not already known, in a network of transmission sources some or all of whose positions are known. At a first time, the relative offsets in time, phase, frequency, or derivatives thereof with respect to each other, or with respect to a reference source, of the signals received by a first receiver from a plurality of the transmission sources are measured. At a selected second time, the respective offsets of the signals received by the same or a second receiver, whose position or state of motion is not already known, from the plurality of the transmission sources are measured.

Abstract: A system and method for accurately locating the position of wireless or wired devices used for playing casino games. The system includes a plurality of transmitters located throughout the interior of the building and on the grounds of the building property for communicating with the device. The transmitters are connected to a CDMA server or the like that is connected to a GPS base station or the like to assist in determining the precise location of the device and to verify that the device is located in an area where casino games may be lawfully played.

Abstract: A location determination method uses location data items that originate at known locations and are passed to, and diffused between, entities by short-range communication. Each location data item received by an entity includes a displacement value indicative of the displacement of the item since leaving a specified known location. This displacement value of a location data item has been updated to reflect movement of entities temporarily hosting the item and/or the range of the transmission hops made by the item. An entity derives its location from received location data items by effecting a weighted combination of the known locations specified in the received location data items, the weighting of the known location specified in each received location data item being dependent on the associated displacement value.

Abstract: Instantaneous radio positioning method and system. Signals from a plurality of spatially distributed transmitters are received at a known reference position and at an unknown position to be determined. A composite of the radio signals, simultaneously including a component signed from each of the transmitters, is digitized and then processed to measure phases that is then digitized. Ambiguity is resolved by finding the location in parameter space of the maximum of an ambiguity function related to sets of phase-measurement data. Position is determined at a point in time without keeping track of phase history.

Abstract: System and methods are disclosed for employing one or more radiators having non-unique phase centers mounted to a body with respect to a plurality of transmitters to determine location characteristics of the body such as the position and/or attitude of the body. The one or more radiators may consist of a single, continuous element or of two or more discrete radiation elements whose received signals are combined. In a preferred embodiment, the location characteristics are determined using carrier phase measurements whereby phase center information may be determined or estimated. A distributed antenna having a wide angle view may be mounted to a moveable body in accord with the present invention. The distributed antenna may be utilized for maintaining signal contact with multiple spaced apart transmitters, such as a GPS constellation, as the body rotates without the need for RF switches to thereby provide continuous attitude and position determination of the body.