Abstract: An inductively coupled band selectable and tunable antenna, the antenna including a first conductive segment, a second conductive segment interleaved with the first conductive segment and inductively coupled to the first conductive segment, band selection hardware located along the first conductive segment and tuning hardware located along the second conductive segment.

Abstract: A contactless communication medium includes a base made of an insulating material, an antenna coil section including a conductor wound in a planar shape on the base, an inductance adjusting conductor pattern that is connected in parallel to a part of the conductor in the antenna coil section, and is placed on the base, a capacitor connected to the antenna coil section, and a communication processing section that is connected to the antenna coil section and the capacitor to perform contactless communication processing.

Abstract: An embodiment of an electronic communications device, including: a body of semiconductor material defining at least one integrated electronic circuit and having a top surface; an electromagnetic shield; a radiant element; and a capacitive element formed by a first electrode and a second electrode, the radiant element being set on the top surface and being ohmically coupled to the first electrode and the second electrode by means of a first connection element and a second connection element, respectively, the electromagnetic shield being set between the radiant element and the top surface and forming at least the second electrode.

Abstract: An RFID interposer has conductive material that includes an impedance matching structure. The impedance matching structure aids in matching impedance between a chip that is to be mounted to the interposer, and an antenna that the interposer is to be coupled to. The impedance matching structures may allow different chips, with slightly different electrical characteristics, to be impedance matched to the same antenna configuration, using the same type of interposer. The impedance matching structure may have any of a variety of configurations in the electrically conductive material of the interposer. The structure may be parts of the chip mounting bond pads, may be part of the conductive electrical connection between the chip bond pads and antenna bond pads, may be part of connections between the chip bond pads and the antenna bond pads, and/or may be only indirectly electrically coupled to the antenna bond pads (such as by capacitive coupling).

Abstract: The present invention relates to planar compound field antennas. Improvements relate particularly, but not exclusively, to compound loop antennas having coplanar electric field radiators and magnetic loops with electric fields orthogonal to magnetic fields that achieve performance benefits in higher bandwidth (lower Q), greater radiation intensity/power/gain, and greater efficiency.

Abstract: An antenna coil formed on a substrate surface of an insulating substrate has conductor lines forming four sides of a basic loop shape. Furthermore, the antenna coil has corner lines at a corner portion of the loop. For example, by forming trimming lines on the inner side of one of the corner lines, it becomes possible to adjust the resonant frequency in various ways without considerably disturbing the shape of distribution of magnetic flux density generated by the antenna coil as a whole.

Abstract: An identification system which may be employed in a transport or monitoring system has at least one stationary and at least one mobile transmission unit which are each provided with an antenna, which antennas in turn are coupled inductively or capacitively to each other during the transmission of data. At least one of the antennas is designed such that in response to a mutual displacement of the coupled antennas a direction-dependent modulation of the transmitted signals occurs which is demodulated and evaluated in at least one of the transmission units, for example, by a demodulation unit and a processor, optionally a signal processor, in order to obtain information relating to the relative motion of the two transmission units. In addition to known identification functions, the identification system may perform additional important functions without requiring any significant additional expense.

Abstract: The present invention antenna preserves the general size and form factor of the prior art loop antennas while providing the benefits of multiple point feeds at less than one wavelength in separation of feed points. The invention antenna obtains omnidirectional radiation and improved efficiency over the prior art by way of dual slotted, open ended cylindrical or rectangular box structures fed with high impedance feed lines.

Abstract: A multi-frequency, noise optimized active antenna consisting of one or several actively tuned antennas optimized over incremental bandwidths and capable of tuning over a large total bandwidth. One or multiple impedance transformers are connected to the antennas at an optimal location, with the transformers acting to reduce the impedance for optimal coupling to a transceiver/receiver. Active components can be incorporated into the antenna structures to provide yet additional extension of the bandwidth along with increased optimization of antenna performance over the frequency range of the antenna. The radiating elements can be co-located with a ferrite material and/or active components coupled to the element to tune across a wide frequency range.

Abstract: An active tuned loop-coupled antenna capable of optimizing performance over incremental bandwidths and capable of tuning over a large total bandwidth to be used in wireless communications. The active loop is capable of serving as the radiating element or a radiating element can be coupled to this active loop. Multiple active tuned loops can be coupled together to extend the total bandwidth of the antenna. Active components can be incorporated into the antenna structure to provide yet additional extension of the bandwidth along with increased optimization of antenna performance over the frequency range of the antenna.

Abstract: An information carrier arrangement for an item to be identified includes a detection plate connected to the item and an electric antenna associated with the item. An electronic chip or an electronic chip module is provided on the detection plate, and a coupling element is disposed on the detection plate and connected to the electronic chip or electronic chip module. The coupling element is inductively and/or capacitatively coupled to the electric antenna. The item to be identified can be a product, a living being, a label, a tag, a single package, a containerized package or a transport aid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna device for a portable radio communication device adapted for receiving radio signals in at least a first operating frequency band. The antenna device comprises a radiating element comprising a feeding portion and a tuning capacitor connected to the feeding portion of the radiating element. The antenna device further comprises a low pass filter connected to the feeding portion and to a high impedance low noise amplifier for the at least a first operating frequency band, between the tuning capacitor and the high impedance low noise amplifier.

Abstract: An antenna for use near a semi-conducting material, such as at a living body, the antenna comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being constituted by a whip antenna and the second portion being constituted by a loop antenna.

Abstract: An antenna includes inductance elements that are magnetically coupled together, an LC series resonant circuit that includes one of the inductance elements and capacitance elements, and an LC series resonant circuit that includes another of the inductance elements and capacitance elements. The plurality of LC series resonant circuits are used to radiate radio waves and are used as inductances of a matching circuit that matches an impedance when a power supply side is viewed from power supply terminals and a radiation impedance of free space.

Abstract: An antenna structure is disposed on a substrate. The antenna structure includes a -shaped radiation body and a first radiation body, and both share a feeding end and a grounding end. The feeding end and the grounding end are disposed to a side edge of the -shaped radiation body. The positions of the feeding end and the grounding end allow the -shaped radiation body to form the operation of two frequency bands. Moreover, the first radiation body is vertically extended from the side edge near the feeding end disposed to the -shaped radiation body, and continuously extended from an end to keep a spacing between periphery of the -shaped radiation body and the first radiation body, and extended to a front of an opening of the -shaped radiation body, thereby vertically extending toward the opening. Therefore, the first radiation body could provide the operation of another frequency band.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a tunable antenna system within a mobile device that enables the mobile device to receive broadcast communication signals. The antenna system includes a tunable antenna and a tuning module that is operable to selectively adjust the resonant frequency of the tunable antenna, such that the antenna may efficiently receive a plurality of discrete narrow band signals across a broad frequency spectrum. The tuning module may also include a lookup table for use by the tuning module to selectively adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna. Further, the antenna system may include a temperature compensation module that is operable to compensate for any temperature sensitive components in the tunable antenna system.

Abstract: A fabrication method of a radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna coil is provided. First, a substrate is processed by a surface modified procedure, to form a self-assembly membranes (SAMs) on a surface of the substrate. A catalyst is sprayed on the SAMs of the substrate according to patterning. After that, the first electroless plating procedure is first carried out for the substrate to generate a magnetic metal layer corresponding to the wiring pattern on the catalyst, and the second electroless plating procedure is then carried out for the substrate to generate the metal layer on the magnetic metal layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making smart cards capable of operating with or without contact called mixed cards and contactless smart cards. In order to avoid the risk of deteriorating the antenna the method consists in producing an antenna comprising at least two turns, on a support sheet, said antenna having its turns located outside the connecting pads, and in providing an insulating bridge so as to connect each of the antenna ends to a connection pad respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multiple phase shifter for protecting individuals against electromagnetic waves. The invention comprises several phase shift modules which each comprise two identical or homothetic flat loops which are electrically connected by means of two inter-loop connection elements at a first opening in each of the loops and which are electrically insulated from one another with the exception of the inter-loop connection elements. Each module is electrically connected to another module by means of two inter-module connection elements and is essentially identical or homothetic to the other modules. The inter-module connection elements connect one of the loops of one module at a second opening in the loop to one of the loops of another module at a second opening in said loop. The modules are electrically insulated from one another with the exception of the inter-module connection elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a radio wave receiving apparatus including: an antenna to receive a radio wave; a tuning member to allow a reception frequency of the antenna to be tuned to an intended frequency, in which tuning member a frequency characteristic is variable; a receiving member to receive a reception signal from the antenna to demodulate a modulation wave; a positive feedback member to perform a positive feedback in a signal path including the tuning member; and a switching member to turn on/off a feedback operation of the positive feedback member.

Abstract: An antenna includes inductance elements that are magnetically coupled together, an LC series resonant circuit that includes one of the inductance elements capacitance elements, and an LC series resonant circuit that includes another of the inductance elements and capacitance elements. The plurality of LC series resonant circuits are used to radiate radio waves and are used as inductances of a matching circuit that matches an impedance when a power supply side is viewed from power supply terminals and a radiation impedance of free space.

Abstract: An active tuned loop-coupled antenna capable of optimizing performance over incremental bandwidths and capable of tuning over a large total bandwidth to be used in wireless communications. The active loop is capable of serving as the radiating element or a radiating element can be coupled to this active loop. Multiple active tuned loops can be coupled together to extend the total bandwidth of the antenna. Active components can be incorporated into the antenna structure to provide yet additional extension of the bandwidth along with increased optimization of antenna performance over the frequency range of the antenna.

Abstract: A broadband antenna is capable of generating an upper resonant mode (at about 700 MHz) from a first radiating arm and a lower resonant mode (at about 500 MHz) from a second radiating arm. The first and second radiating arms are bent at least one time. An open end of the second radiating arm is extended toward an open end of the first radiating arm with a predefined distance there between. The predefined distance can be adjusted to improve the impedance matching of lower resonant mode, which can be further combined with the upper resonant mode to achieve a broad bandwidth covering the complete spectrum of digital TV channels (470-862 MHz).

Abstract: Described is the transformation of a mono-band antenna into a or multi-band antenna by adding matching circuits, in either serial or parallel fashion, to a mono-band antenna. The matching circuits contain reactive elements such as inductors and capacitors which create impedance matching for two or more frequency bands. These multi-band loop antennas can be used for frequencies extending from a few megahertz to several hundred megahertz. The method of tuning such multi-band antennas is also described.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement comprises an electric antenna (4) configured to receive a reception signal from a sender and at least one conductive loop (3, 25) with two terminals (16, 17) to be connected to a receiver circuit (2, 24) which is configured to process an electric signal generated by the at least one conductive loop (3, 25). The at least one conductive loop (3, 25) is spaced within a distance from and magnetically coupled to the electric antenna (4) such that the at least one conductive loop (4, 25) generates the electric signal in response to the reception signal received by the electric antenna (4). Alternatively, the antenna arrangement may be used as a sending antenna used with a transmitter.

Abstract: A compact electrically long antenna including a manual or computer remote controlled tuning system using switched electrical length capable of operation at high RF power levels. An electromechanical relay or other switch device provides remote control (by a parallel binary bit pattern over great distance) of radiating structures formed of series connected absolute binary sequence electrical length radiating elements in a main circuit loop having a total electrical length. These radiating structures are formed from individual elements, and sets of individual elements, insulated and isolated from each other. The binary controlled switch devices may unshort (connect) and short out (bypass) binary length elements in the main loop circuit. The electrical length of the main loop circuit can be set to a desired length, from a maximum total length of all binary length elements in series to a minimum length where all binary elements are shorted out and effectively bypassed.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) module integrated with an active antenna includes a silicon chip carrier, an active antenna circuit and a main circuit unit. The active antenna circuit unit is integrated into the silicon chip carrier via a semiconductor process. The active antenna circuit unit further includes an antenna loop formed on the silicon chip carrier for receiving and transmitting an RF signal. The active circuit unit is mounted on the silicon chip carrier and electrically connected to the active antenna circuit unit for processing the RF signal. Thereby the module is made compact.

Abstract: An antenna and associated magnetic preamplifier for use with UHF and Microwave wireless telecommunications devices operating at frequencies of greater than 0.3 gigahertz. The antenna may include a plurality of concentric loops about a core. The antenna may be made of a conductor wound helically about an air core with a circumference and a number of loops, and the spacing of the loops chosen based on the desired frequency of communication. The antenna may include a plurality of loops of conductor about a core with a ferrite rod positioned within the core. The antenna may be omnidirectional and provide a high gain at the desired frequency of communication. The magnetic preamplifiers may be based on either resonant or ferrite material-enhanced amplification. Resonant and ferrite enhancements may also be used in combination.

Abstract: Receive and transmit antennas for wireless power. The antennas are formed to receive magnetic power and produce outputs of usable power based on the magnetic transmission.

Abstract: This invention provides an antenna apparatus (60) for use in a non-contact type IC card into and from which data can be written and read by electronic apparatuses having a communication function, by virtue of inductive coupling. The antenna apparatus comprises a loop coil (61) and a magnetic member (62). The loop coil is produced by winding a conductive wire in a plane and configured to perform the inductive coupling. The magnetic member covers one region (61a) of the loop coil, provided at one side, from one surface of the loop coil, passes through the loop coil, and covers the other region (61b) of the loop coil, provided at the other side, from the other surface of the loop coil. The entire region of the loop coil is thus covered.

Abstract: An antenna coil formed on a substrate surface of an insulating substrate has conductor lines forming four sides of a basic loop shape. Furthermore, the antenna coil has corner lines at a corner portion of the loop. For example, by forming trimming lines on the inner side of one of the corner lines, it becomes possible to adjust the resonant frequency in various ways without considerably disturbing the shape of distribution of magnetic flux density generated by the antenna coil as a whole.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification tag includes an antenna including a conductor pattern in a form of dipole, and connected to an integrated circuit chip of the radio frequency identification tag; an adjusting portion including at least one adjusting pattern connected to the conductor pattern to make the antenna compatible with an environment in which the antenna is used; and a marking portion at which directions for an adjusting operation using the adjusting portion is indicated.

Abstract: An antenna having a plurality of resonant frequencies and comprising a feed point, a ground point and a conductive track that extends from the feed point and returns to the ground point and means for locally increasing the reactance of the antenna track at a first position coincident with a maximum electromagnetic field associated with at least one of the plurality of resonant frequencies.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a housing and a multi-frequency band antenna carried within the housing. The multi-frequency band antenna may include a main loop conductor having a gap therein defining first and second ends of the main loop conductor, a first branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the first end of the main loop conductor and having a second end defining a first feed point, and a second branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the second end of the main loop conductor and a second end defining a second feed point. The antenna may further include a tuning branch conductor having a first end connected to the main loop conductor between the respective first ends of the first and second branches.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a minute loop antenna and at least one antenna element. The minute loop antenna is provided to be electromagnetically close to a dielectric substrate including a grounding conductor, has a predetermined number N of turns and a predetermined minute length, operates as a magnetic ideal dipole when a predetermined metal plate is located closely to the antenna apparatus, and operates as a current antenna when the metal plate is located apart from the antenna apparatus. The antenna element is connected to the minute loop antenna, and operates as a current antenna. In the antenna apparatus, one end of the antenna apparatus is connected to a feeding point, and another end of the antenna apparatus is connected to the grounding conductor of the dielectric substrate.

Abstract: Techniques for tuning an antenna to different operating frequencies are described. An apparatus includes a security tag with a substrate having a surface, a lead frame to mount on the surface and connect to an antenna, and an integrated circuit to connect to the lead frame. The antenna may be disposed on the surface, and may comprise a first antenna portion and a second antenna portion. The first antenna portion may connect to the first side and the second antenna portion may connect to the second side. The antenna may be tuned to an operating frequency by modifying a first length for the first antenna portion and a second length for the second antenna portion after the antenna portions are disposed on the surface.

Abstract: The reader or transmitter and/or receiver (22) includes a sheathed antenna formed of two groups of turns or coils (6, 8, 9; 16, 17). The first group of turns or coils forms a sheathed antenna. The second group includes two coils (16, 17) arranged between the central coil (6) and respectively the two end coils (8, 9) of the first group. The second group of coils is powered in phase quadrature relative to the first group of coils, the set of coils being arranged so as to obtain a magnetic field (H) whose amplitude (A) is approximately constant along the central axis (24) of the antenna inside the overall inner volume of the latter.

Abstract: An electromagnetic field sensing apparatus includes an optical modulator, a miniature antenna for sensing the electromagnetic field, a light source, a first optical fiber, an optical detector and a second fiber. The optical modulator can vary the amplitude of a light beam propagating therethrough in response to an electric field intensity. The miniature antenna for sensing the electromagnetic field can sense both the electric field intensity and the magnetic field intensity of an electromagnetic field and apply an electric voltage to the optical modulator in response to the sensed electromagnetic field intensity. The light source is used to generate a light beam, the first optical fiber is used for transmitting the light beam to the modulator, and the second fiber is used for transmitting the light beam from the modulator to the optical detector.

Abstract: A method for designing a high performance, small antenna that is matched to a required output impedance, does not require filtering, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and is easily integrable with an RF power amplifier- with minimum cost, minimum external components and minimum energy losses. The method includes finding a singular point (102) in the impedance vs. antenna geometrical dimension/wavelength ratio graph, the singular point (102) exhibiting a high very high positive reactance, setting the antenna geometry to match this point, and canceling the very high positive reactance (high inductance) resulting from this match by adding to the antenna a very small capacitance, preferably provided by at least one gap capacitor (202) The antenna is preferably a loop antenna (200), and both the antenna and the gap capacitor (202) (204) are preferably implemented by printing methods on printed circuit board or ceramic substrates. The antenna (200) may also be implemented in non-differential designs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic device that suppresses reduction in reception sensitivity and occurrence of distortion when IC cards are used while stacked. A loop antenna equipped on the IC card has up to four turns, and is designed so that one turn, for example, has a first linear portion, a first curved line portion, a second linear portion, and a second curved line portion. When two electronic devices having a first loop antenna and a second loop antenna, respectively, are stacked onto one another, the corners of the loop antennas do not overlap. For example, the corner formed by first curved line portion and the second linear portion of the first loop antenna is overlapped with the first curved line portion of the second loop antenna. The first and second loop antennas are shaped such that when two electronic devices are stacked, their respective loop antennas are superimposed in the opposite direction so that the corners are not overlapped and the amount of overlap as a whole is reduced.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement comprises at least two antenna loops disposed and overlapping in a plane to define a detection region adjacent thereto in which the antenna loops transmit and/or receive electromagnetic signals and through which a wireless article may pass. The antenna arrangement may be coupled to a processor and/or utilization system for performing a desired function.

Abstract: A vehicle detector and classifier comprises a plurality of electrically conductive loops 1 arranged substantially in a plane perpendicular to a road surface, for detecting vehicle wheels. The loops can be arranged in a transverse, vertical slot 2 and housed in a flexible enclosure. An electronic circuit 3, including an oscillator, can be positioned adjacent each loop 1 in the slot 2 to energize and monitor the loop. The detector preferably also includes a conventional loop arranged substantially in the plane of the road surface, for detecting vehicle bodies, and means for superposing the results obtained from the conventional and vertical loops to aid in classifying detected vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna means for transmitting and/or receiving RF-signals in at least a first frequency band. The antenna means comprising a ground plane means (20) arranged to be connected to ground of a circuitry of a radio communication device, a conductive radiating structure (10) having a first end (12) and a second end (14), were said conductive radiating structure (10) being separated from the ground plane means (20). Said first end (12) being connected to ground end said second end (14) being a feed portion.

Abstract: The invention concerns an antenna for use as transmission/reception beacon (2), in a radiofrequency identifying en system, having a general upturned U configuration, located in a vertical plane, above the ground transversely to a passage (9), the antenna thus forming an unclosed loop. Said antenna can consist of a single wire (8), with horizontal median portion (8a), and vertical end portions (8b, 8c). The invention is applicable to a system for detecting, over a large width (L), the passage of people, animals or objects bearing electronic tags (7).

Abstract: A communication device has at least one transmitter and/or receiver, an energy storage, and a signal coupling connecting the transmitter and/or receiver with the energy storage for transmitting and/or receiving a radio signal.

Abstract: A nested cavity embedded loop mode antenna is provided with an ultra wide band response by nesting individual embedded cavity meander line loaded antenna modules, with the meander lines coupled to a ground plane plate either capacitively or directly so as to provide as much as a 27:1 ratio of high frequency to low frequency cutoff. The nested meander line structure is exceptionally compact and eliminates the problem of a null in the antenna radiation pattern perpendicular to the face of the antenna, thus to provide a loop type antenna pattern at all frequencies across which the antenna is to be operated. The use of the nested meander line configuration provides a flush mount for the antenna having a footprint associated with the larger of the meander line cavities and thus the lowest frequency of operation, the nesting precluding the necessity of providing separate side-by-side meander line loaded antennas which would increase the real estate required.

Abstract: A radio technology can be used for developing compact antenna assemblies for various uses. The compact antenna assembly includes and oscillatory circuit including a reactive component (8) and an inductance coil. The reactive component (8) is embodied in the form of a condenser provided with a pair of metallic plates (11). A space between the plates is filled with a material (9) containing particles (10) of conducting material separated by a dielectric filling material. The distance between the plated (11) is chosen such that it is less than &lgr;/4, where &lgr; is wave length actuating signals.

Abstract: An antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna loops disposed to define a portal or passageway or other detection region in which the plural antenna loops transmit and/or receive electromagnetic signals. A processor coupled to the plural antenna loops processes at least the received signals and/or transmitted signals. The plural antennas may be arrayed in a rectangular array, on hanging flexible substrates or other suitable arrangement, and may be coupled to the processor by a filter or selective switch. The processor may be coupled to a utilization system for cooperating therewith for performing a desired function.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic dipole antenna employing one or more spacers is disclosed. The magnetic dipole antenna having three plates, where each plate has holes for inserting one or more spacers through the bottom and middle plates. The distance separation between the top plate and the middle plate of the magnetic dipole antenna determines the operational frequency. Spacers are used to adjust and secure gap between top and middle plates and fix operational frequency of antenna at desired target frequency. A coaxial cable is attached to the magnetic dipole antenna for measuring the resonant frequency.

Abstract: Automatic tuning of an EAS antenna pedestal without the use of special tools or advanced training is provided. The capacitance of the antenna circuit is adjusted to tune the resonant frequency to the desired frequency. Measurement of the current level is used to validate that the antenna is resonant at the desired frequency. If the current level indicates that the antenna is not resonant at the specified frequency, LEDs located on a capacitor tuning board light to indicate where jumpers should be placed to add or remove capacitance from the circuit. Alternately, the capacitance values can be electronically added or removed from the circuit.