Abstract: A frequency down converter. A plate body of the frequency down converter includes a main surface. A first wave guide includes a first section and a second section connected to the first section. The first section is connected to the main surface and extends parallel thereto. The second section extends perpendicular to the main surface. A second wave guide includes a third section and a fourth section connected to the third section. The third section is connected to the main surface and extends parallel thereto. The fourth section extends perpendicular to the main surface.

Abstract: To suppress a standing wave ratio within a waveguide to a lower value, and suppresses a grating lobe, the present invention provides a waveguide slot array antenna device, including a plurality of rectangular slots (2, 3) that are inclined by a given angle with respect to an axis of a rectangular waveguide (1) and are arranged on a wide surface of the rectangular waveguide (1) alternately at opposite positions with respect to a center line that extends along the axial direction of the wide surface of the rectangular waveguide at intervals of ½ wavelength in the waveguide, respectively, in which the respective slots on the same side with respect to the center line are identical with each other in length, width, and distance from the center line, and the slots on opposite sides with respect to the center line are different from each other in at least any one of the length, the width, and the distance from the center line.

Abstract: A low-loss, low-profile dual-polarization slotted waveguide antenna includes one or more waveguides having a characteristic wavelength. Radiation apertures comprised of a waveguide slot pairs are formed in each or the waveguides of the antenna. Each waveguide slot pair includes a first waveguide slot and a second waveguide slot which are configured for inducing a circularly polarized (CP) radiated field in the waveguide. The waveguide slots of each waveguide slot pair may be generally crescent-shaped and spaced a distance of at least approximately one-fourth of the characteristic wavelength from each other. The waveguide slots may further be positioned for allowing the antenna to receive and/or radiate both left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized fields (LHCP and RHCP) and for providing control of the sense of a circularly polarized (CP) field radiated by the antenna by changing the direction of incidence of an electromagnetic source wave propagated in the waveguide.

Abstract: The present invention is a low-loss polarized antenna for satellite communications and polarimetric weather radar. The antenna may comprise: (a) a microstrip patch antenna, (b) a waveguide, and (c) a coupling interface between the antenna and waveguide. The microstrip patch antennas may individually comprise: (i) a patch radiator having a defined area, and (ii) an associated microstrip. In a further embodiment of the invention, an antenna array is presented. The antenna array may comprise: (a) a plurality of microstrip antennas, and (b) a plurality of waveguides. The antenna array may further comprise: (c) a waveguide combiner. The microstrip patch antennas may individually comprise: (i) a patch radiator having a defined area, and (ii) an associated microstrip. In still a further embodiment of the invention, a method for the manufacturing of an antenna is presented. The method may comprise the step: (a) operably coupling a microstrip patch antenna to a waveguide.

Abstract: A true-time-delay feed network for a continuous transverse stub antenna array includes a plurality of feed levels, each comprising one or more rails, the feed levels arranged in a spaced configuration. An open parallel plate region is defined between adjacent ones of the feed levels. The rails of the plurality of feed levels are arranged to form a power divider network unencumbered with septums or wall portions protruding into the open region.

Abstract: A light weight antenna system and corresponding lightweight transmission lines are disclosed that are characterized as having an extremely light weight relative to prior such systems and lines. An inflatable body having an inner surface connected to an outer surface with a plurality of support structures, such as connecting tubes. Antenna elements are disposed on the outer surface of the inflatable body to form, for example, a phased array antenna. Coaxial transmission lines are used to transmit signals to and from an antenna element and are, in one embodiment, created by disposing an inner conductor within the aforementioned connecting tubes. Such a transmission line may be utilized in a number of applications, such as to connect a base station to an antenna system of a wireless communications network. In another embodiment, quasi coaxial transmission lines are formed by disposing flexible membrane shields around a transmission elements.

Abstract: A wafer-scale heterogeneous layered active electronically scanned array (ESA) utilizes a low-loss integrated waveguide feed. The ESA is formed from wafer-scale subarray modules each of which comprises a multilayer stack to form transmit/receive (T/R) modules. Waveguide subarray combiners feed the T/R modules. A subarray combiner is a waveguide assembly bonded to a bottom layer in the multilayer stack. The bottom layer is a ground plane forming a top waveguide broadwall of the combiner. The waveguide subarray combiner may be formed from a variety of waveguide types and feeds the T/R modules using electric field probe coupling or an aperture slot coupling. A second layer feed structure forms the subarray modules into the ESA and feeds the waveguide subarray combiners. The second layer feed structure uses waveguides to feed the waveguide subarray combiners using E-field probes or aperture slot coupling on the bottom waveguide broadwall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a broadband non-resonant antenna device for wireless transmission of information using electromagnetic signals, comprising a metal sheet layer, forming a plane, with a slotline that comprises a first part and a second part. The side of the second part that is the most distant from the first part transcends into a widening open-ended tapered slot in the metal sheet layer. The device additionally comprises a feeding line in the metal sheet layer. The feeding line comprises a feeding part, with a first end and a second end, and gaps separating the feeding part from the surrounding metal sheet layer by a certain distance, where the slotline is intersected by the feeding line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle mountable satellite antenna as defined in the claims which is operable while the vehicle is in motion. The satellite antenna of the present invention can be installed on top of (or embedded into) the roof of a vehicle. The antenna is capable of providing high gain and a narrow antenna beam for aiming at a satellite direction and enabling broadband communication to vehicle. The present invention provides a vehicle mounted satellite antenna which has low axial ratio, high efficiency and has low grating lobes gain. The vehicle mounted satellite antenna of the present invention provides two simultaneous polarization states. In one embodiment, a hybrid mechanic and electronic steering approach provides a more reasonable cost and performance trade-off. The antenna aiming in the elevation direction is achieved via control of an electronic beamforming network.

Abstract: A waveguide slot antenna element, waveguide slot antenna arrays comprising a plurality of the waveguide slot antenna elements and a method of operating the waveguide slot antenna arrays are described. The waveguide slot antenna element includes a non-radiating side including a feeding port, a radiating side disposed opposite to the non-radiating side and including at least one pair of radiating slots, and an energy splitter arrangement accommodated between the radiating and non-radiating sides along a path of an ingress electromagnetic field propagating from the feeding port towards said at least one pair of radiating slots. The method of operating the waveguide slot antenna arrays includes supplying electromagnetic energy of a predetermined frequency to the feeding ports of a first pair of slot antenna linear arrays and a second pair of slot antenna linear arrays independently of each other, thereby to generate an electromagnetic field of desired polarization.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus and method for the interception of randomly polarized electromagnetic waves utilizing a dual polarized antenna which is excited through a cross-slot aperture using two well-isolated orthogonal feeds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a frequency dispersive antenna. The antenna comprises at least one top part and one bottom part. The top part and the bottom part comprises radiating waveguides coupled electromagnetically by way of coupling slots to a feed waveguide. The feed waveguide of the top part of the antenna does not comprise any coupling slot over a length L. The length L is chosen so as to achieve an electric length substantially equal to the electric length of the feed guide coupled to the bottom part of the antenna. In particular, the invention applies to the pinpointing of meteorological phenomena over an angular domain greater than the natural width of an airborne antenna.

Abstract: A dual band antenna system for synthetic vision systems including a slotted waveguide antenna having rows of slots on a front surface, a microstrip patch array antenna overlying the front surface of the slotted waveguide antenna; and at least one transceiver communicatively coupled to at least one of the slotted waveguide antenna and the microstrip patch array antenna.

Abstract: The antenna includes a metallic enclosure having a height dimension. At least one slotted opening is formed along the metallic enclosure. Each slotted opening has a slotted opening length and a slotted opening width. The slotted opening length is at least twice as long as the slotted opening width is wide. The slotted opening width is less than one wavelength wide and the slotted opening width is within a half wavelength of the height dimension. At least one feed is provided at least partially within the enclosure.

Abstract: Antenna designs for data transmission improve signal fidelity in multi-path environments.

Abstract: Embodiments generally relate to an antenna. The antenna includes at least two slot radiators, where each slot radiator has an input port and a profile that has been defined to optimize the return loss bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna also includes a transmission line and a circuit configured to connect the transmission line and the at least two slot radiators at the respective input ports. The circuit is also configured to match the impedance of the at least two slot radiators and the co-planar waveguide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a frequency-dispersive antenna. The antenna comprises radiating waveguides on which are formed slots. The antenna comprises at least one feed waveguide linked by coupling slots to the radiating waveguides. The variation of the pointing direction of the beam from the antenna in at least one plane is obtained by varying the frequency of the wave guided by the feed waveguide. The length of the feed waveguide between the coupling slots of two adjacent radiating waveguides is greater than the distance separating the coupling slots of these two adjacent radiating waveguides. In particular, the invention applies to an airborne antenna suited to the detection and locating of meteorological phenomena.

Abstract: The invention relates to a frequency dispersive antenna comprising radiating waveguides divided into three legs. The indirect angle between the first and second leg is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees, the direct angle between the second and third leg being greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees. The antenna comprises a feed waveguide comprising a stack of elements divided into three adjacent legs, the direct angle between the first and second leg being greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees, the indirect angle between the second and third leg being greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees. In particular, the invention applies to an airborne antenna suitable for the detection and for the pinpointing of meteorological phenomena.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle mountable satellite antenna as defined in the claims which is operable while the vehicle is in motion. The satellite antenna of the present invention can be installed on top of (or embedded into) the roof of a vehicle. The antenna is capable of providing high gain and a narrow antenna beam for aiming at a satellite direction and enabling broadband communication to vehicle. The present invention provides a vehicle mounted satellite antenna which has low axial ratio, high efficiency and has low grating lobes gain. The vehicle mounted satellite antenna of the present invention provides two simultaneous polarization states.

Abstract: A hollow waveguide group antenna comprises a hollow waveguide extending in a direction in space and a plurality of chambers, each of which has a sending/receiving slit and is coupled to the hollow waveguide by a coupling slit. The sending/receiving slits are distributed at a fixed distance from each other, and the distribution of the coupling slits in the direction in space at the transversal hollow waveguide is selected differently from the distribution of the sending/receiving slits such that a wave propagating at the working frequency excites the sending/receiving slits with amplitudes and phases suitable for realizing a sector direction characteristic. The fixed distance is approximately 0.5?0 for 90° sector direction characteristic and approximately 0.64 ?0 for a 45° sector direction characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle mountable satellite antenna as defined in the claims which is operable while the vehicle is in motion. The satellite antenna of the present invention can be installed on top of (or embedded into) the roof of a vehicle. The antenna is capable of providing high gain and a narrow antenna beam for aiming at a satellite direction and enabling broadband communication to vehicle. The present invention provides a vehicle mounted satellite antenna which has low axial ratio, high efficiency and has low grating lobes gain. The vehicle mounted satellite antenna of the present invention provides two simultaneous polarization states. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a ridged waveguide instead of a conventional rectangular waveguide to alleviate the effects of grating lobes. The ridge waveguide provides a ridged section longitudinally between walls forming the waveguide. A plurality of radiating elements are formed in a radiating surface of the ridged waveguide.

Abstract: A radiator element includes a pair of substrates each having a transition section and a feed surface, each of the substrates is spaced apart from one another. The radiator element further includes a balanced symmetrical feed having a pair of radio frequency (RF) feed lines disposed adjacent to and electromagnetically coupled to the feed surface of one of a corresponding one of the pair of transition sections, and the pair of radio frequency feed lines forms a signal null point adjacent the transition sections.

Abstract: A waveguide structure including two parallels electrically conducting ground planes (1,2), each of which includes at least one row of spaced apart electrically conducting posts (3). The rows of posts are arranged substantially parallel to one another and the space bounded by the plates and posts defines a guided wave region (4) along which electromagnetic radiation may propagate. The posts are connected to only one of the planes so that there is no physical connection between the two ground planes (1,2). Actuating means may be connected to one or both of the ground planes to cause relative movement there between to thereby alter the electrical response of the waveguide. The direction of the relative movement may such that the distance between the rows of posts (3) is changed and/or the distance between the ground planes (1,2) is changed. Various device may utilize the described waveguide construction, including reconfigurable waveguide filters and antenna structures e.g. slotted waveguide arrays.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a slot array antenna in which unstable factors for contact of an adjustment portion comprising a slot waveguide and a waveguide holder are removed, a number of parts is decreased to save weight, and assembly is simplified. Accordingly, this invention is to constitute a radiation portion (1) unitedly formed of a slot waveguide (1a), a flare holder (1b), and a supporting portion (1d), if necessary, further adding a screen holder (1c) for a screen (4) for cross polarization suppression. Furthermore, this invention is to constitute a reinforcement feeder (2) unitedly formed of a feeder waveguide (2a), a reinforcement portion (2b) and a reinforcement connector (2c) in the case of an open type antenna.

Abstract: A feedhorn, a radio wave receiving converter, and an antenna that can be reduced in size and have high reliability can be obtained. A feedhorn portion constitutes part of a converter, and includes a chassis body with a waveguide having an opening, a dielectric as a dielectric member connected to the opening, and a waterproof cover as a protective member. The waterproof cover covers the dielectric and contacts (tightly attached) to a portion of the surface of the dielectric (in the dielectric, the portion of the surface away from waveguide). The waterproof cover is formed of a material having substantially the same electric characteristics (permittivity and dielectric loss tangent) as the material forming the dielectric.

Abstract: An antenna array comprises a substrate; a plurality of projecting, tapering structures disposed in an array and attached to a first major surface of said substrate, the plurality of projecting, tapering structures defining a plurality of waveguides therebetween; and a plurality of box-shaped structures disposed in an array and attached to a second major surface of the substrate, the plurality of box-shaped structures defining a plurality of waveguides therebetween, the plurality of waveguides defined by the plurality of projecting, tapering structures aligning with the plurality of waveguides defined by the plurality of box-shaped structures. The substrate includes a plurality of probes for feeding the plurality waveguides.

Abstract: A traveling-wave combining array antenna apparatus includes first and second traveling-wave array antennas. The first traveling-wave array antenna has a plurality of antenna elements provided at intervals along a first feeder line, and has a radiating directivity characteristic. The second traveling-wave array antenna has a plurality of antenna elements provided at intervals along a second feeder line, and has a main beam of a half-value width and a radiating directivity characteristic of a side lobe level lower than that of the first traveling-wave array antenna. A transmitting signal is split into two signals, feeding the signals to the first and second traveling-wave array antennas, which are provided so that a variation of main-beam radiating angle of electromagnetic wave of transmitting signal radiated from the first traveling-wave array antenna corresponding to a frequency change, and that of the second traveling-wave array antenna are substantially canceled by each other.

Abstract: Flat-plate antennas have a compact form by use of a folded path network construction whereby received signals are coupled through a unitary network structure to an adjacent signal processing unit. On a folded path basis, processed signals are then coupled back into the network structure, combined with other received processed signals and then passed out of the network structure to an adjacent signal port. The signal processing unit may provide either amplification, phase shifting, or both. By reciprocal operation a signal to be transmitted may be divided into sub-array components, processed (e.g., power amplified and phase shifted), further divided, and coupled to each slot radiating element (e.g., 256 slots) of an array of slot sub-arrays.

Abstract: A reflector includes a pair or plural pairs of array antennas. Each array antenna is formed of an arrangement of a plurality of antenna elements formed on a surface of a waveguide. The array antennas are placed parallel to each other. Both ends of each array antenna pair are connected through a pair of waveguides. Information adding devices are inserted in the waveguides.

Abstract: A phasing element and an antenna including at least one such phasing element. The former is intended for inserting a variable lag into the transmission of an electric signal by variation of the electric path travelled by the signal in this element. The phasing element includes an input transmission line and an output transmission line, the lines being printed lines placed at the surface of a printed circuit. It also includes a mobile radioelectric coupling member, input and output transmission lines, which includes a first arm and a second arm. The electric path shows a variation field between a first position where the first and second arm cover respectively and entirely the transmission lines thereby defining a minimal electric path, and a second position where the first and second arms are respectively placed in the alignment of the transmission lines thereby defining a maximal electric path.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes two circular waveguides including a fixed-side circular waveguide and a rotation-side circular waveguide, each having a propagation mode in a TM01 mode, and being arranged coaxially with each other while a waveguide-side choke is provided between the two waveguides. A rectangular waveguide is connected to the fixed-side circular waveguide. Thereby, the high-frequency signal fed from the rectangular waveguide to the fixed-side circular waveguide can be radiated from a primary radiator to which the rotation-side circular waveguide is connected. While the circular waveguides and the waveguide-side choke can constitute a rotary joint, by rotating the primary radiator together with the rotation-side circular waveguide, scanning can be carried out with a high-frequency signal radiated from the primary radiator.

Abstract: The network antenna of the RLSA type in the form of a radial waveguide has a feed structure allowing simultaneous excitation of the antenna in two orthogonal linear polarizations. The feed structure, essentially placed to the rear of the antenna, consists of a circular waveguide placed at the centre of the radial waveguide and coupled to the latter by two circular slots for the excitation of the antenna in a first linear polarization and of a coaxial waveguide surrounding the circular waveguide and coupled to the radial waveguide by radial slots, the coaxial waveguide being excited by a ring-shaped waveguide placed coaxially on the outer periphery of the coaxial waveguide and coupled to the latter by slots distributed around the inner periphery of the ring for the excitation of the antenna in a second linear polarization orthogonal to the first linear polarization.

Abstract: A microwave antenna has a rectangular section waveguide with two narrow walls and and two broad walls. Towards one end, the waveguide is coupled with a microwave transition by which a coaxial connector can be coupled to the waveguide. The transition has a conductor extending through a narrow wall and connected internally with a transition plate. The transition plate extends longitudinally, centrally along the waveguide and is stepped to provide a quarter wave section.

Abstract: A slot array antenna, consistent with the invention can include a power feeding waveguide for feeding microwave power and a plurality of rectangular radiating waveguides. The plurality of rectangular radiating waveguides are connected to a plurality of windows which are disposed along the longitudinal direction of the power feeding waveguide so as to guide the microwave power from the plurality of windows to the outside of the antenna. In each of the radiating waveguides, the interval “d” between the centers of gravity of slot pairs or slots is substantially the same as the wavelength ?m of the microwave in the rectangular radiating waveguide. A slot array antenna of the present invention can be used in a plasma processing apparatus to increase the plasma density in the plasma-processing chamber.

Abstract: An antenna comprises a resonator and a waveguide. The resonator comprises at least one body having a negative effective electrical permittivity or a negative magnetic permeability when a resonance is excited therein by electromagnetic radiation lying in some portion of the microwave spectrum. A termination of the waveguide is situated adjacent the resonator. The resonator is conformed such that at the resonance, there is efficient coupling between the resonator and the waveguide.

Abstract: An improved tapered slot antenna. The structure includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a brace, a semi-infinite balun and a radome. The first and second antenna elements are operatively coupled to the brace in a tapered slot antenna configuration. The first and second input feed of the semi-infinite balun are operatively coupled to the first and second antenna elements, respectively, so that the second input feed is situated along substantially an entire length of a feed channel of the second antenna element. The radome is operatively coupled to the first and second antenna elements. A method for fabricating improved tapered slot antennas is also described.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an extruded slot antenna array includes extruding a slot antenna body, the slot antenna including a first major surface, a second major surface, first and second external side walls, and one or more longitudinally extending internal waveguide walls disposed between the first and second major surfaces. Each of the internal waveguide walls forms a respective two or more open-ended waveguides, each open-ended waveguide having a first open end and a second open end. An array of slots is cut on the first major surface of the slot antenna body, the array of slots being arranged in a plurality of rows, one row of slots being formed along a longitudinal line of a respective open-ended waveguide. Next, a row of slots are subsequently cut on the second major surface of the extruded slot antenna body, the row of slots formed substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the open-ended waveguides, one of the slots being formed on each of the open-ended waveguides.

Abstract: A waveguide coupling device comprises a waveguide section in which a guided wave may be propagated in at least one waveguide mode and which has two slits in one of its walls. The waveguide mode has a field component parallel to the slotted wall with a nodal plane oriented in the longitudinal direction of the waveguide section, and/or it induces in the walls of the waveguide section a wall current distribution with just such a nodal plane. The slits lie on opposing sides of the nodal plane. One or two antenna sections bridge the first slit or both slits.

Abstract: A waveguide portion has a waveguide with a rectangular section surrounded by a pair of narrow side plates opposed to each other, a pair of broad side plates extending along lengthwise directions of the pair of narrow side plates. A radiation portion is provided on one broad side plate of the pair of broad side plates of the waveguide portion, and has a plurality of slots for radiating an electromagnetic wave input into the waveguide portion externally from the one broad side plate. The waveguide portion includes a first waveguide member and a second waveguide member, and is constituted by joining the first waveguide member and the second waveguide member at edge portions extending in longitudinal directions thereof matching with central lines of the pair of broad side plates. The plurality of slots of the radiation portion has a first group of slots and a second group of slots defined respectively in the first waveguide portion and the second waveguide portion at predetermined intervals in a staggered manner.

Abstract: In an implementation of antenna assembly, an antenna element is formed with a front plate that has slots for wireless communication signal transfer, a dielectric material, a channel guide that is designed to confine the dielectric in a position that aligns the dielectric with the slots in the front plate, and a back plate. The front plate, channel guide, and back plate are attached together to enclose the dielectric within the channel guide to form an enclosed dielectric channel. An antenna assembly includes one or more of the antenna elements.

Abstract: A line-replaceable unit for a phased array antenna including a thermally conductive housing having a front face and an opposed rear face, at least one open-ended waveguide extending through the housing from the front face to the rear face, at least one first radiating element including the waveguide and adapted to emit energy in a first frequency band; and at least one second radiating element positioned on the front face of the housing and adapted to emit energy in a second frequency band distinct from the first frequency band. The waveguide is dimensioned to pass energy in the first frequency band and is exposed to the environment outside the housing at the front and rear faces to define a cooling duct passing through the housing.

Abstract: A waveguide (100) including at least one outer surface (105, 110, 115, 120) defining a waveguide cavity (140) and at least one inner surface (130, 135) positioned within the waveguide cavity (140). The inner surface (130, 135) includes a frequency selective surface (FSS) having a plurality of FSS elements (145) coupled to at least one substrate. The substrate defines a first propagation medium such that an RF signal having a first wavelength in the first propagation medium can pass through the FSS (130, 135). The FSS (130, 135) is coupled to a second propagation medium such that in the second propagation medium the RF signal has a second wavelength which is at least twice as long as a physical distance between centers of adjacent FSS elements (145). The second wavelength can be different than the first wavelength.

Abstract: An electromagnetic probe having at least one assembly including in combination: a coaxial type connectio, a ground plane connected to the outer sheath of the coaxial connection, a reflector cone placed facing the ground plane and shaped to define impedance that is at least substantially constant along its profile, the reflector being electrically isolated, and a dielectric medium interposed at least in part between the reflector cone and the ground plane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle mountable satellite antenna as defined in the claims which is operable while the vehicle is in motion. The satellite antenna of the present invention can be installed on top of (or embedded into) the roof of a vehicle. The antenna is capable of providing high gain and a narrow antenna beam for aiming at a satellite direction and enabling broadband communication to vehicle. The present invention provides a vehicle mounted satellite antenna which has low axial ratio, high efficiency and has low grating lobes gain. The vehicle mounted satellite antenna of the present invention provides two simultaneous polarization states. In one embodiment, an inverted L-shaped waveguide has a first wall extending vertically downward from a top surface. The top surface can include a ridge portion. The top surface includes a plurality of radiating elements for forming a radiating surface.

Abstract: An electronically scanned slotted waveguide antenna radiates an RF signal as a scannable beam. The antenna has radiation waveguides positioned in an array. Radiation slots in the radiation waveguides radiate the scannable beam. A feed waveguide is coupled to the radiation waveguides. The feed waveguide feeds the RF signal to the radiation waveguides through coupling slots. The feed waveguide has sidewalls with tunable electromagnetic crystal (EMXT) structures thereon. The EMXT structures vary the phase of the RF signal in the feed waveguide to scan the radiated beam in one dimension. The radiation waveguides may also have tunable EMXT structures on the sidewalls to vary the phase of the RF signal to scan the radiated beam in a second dimension. The EMXT structures may be discrete EMXT devices or a EMXT material layer covering the feed and radiation waveguide sidewalls.

Abstract: In an implementation, an E-plane omni-directional antenna element includes five coplanar waveguide dipoles that are each configured to generate an e-field transmission. A center section of the antenna element couples the five coplanar waveguide dipoles to a radio frequency transmission signal such that the e-field transmission from each of the five coplanar waveguide dipoles are combined to form an E-plane omni-directional transmission pattern.

Abstract: A slot antenna element is provided in the form of a rectangular waveguide including at least one slot situated in the center of one broad side, a rectangular ridge arranged in the center of the interior surface of the other broad side, wherein the slot and the ridge each extend along the longitudinal direction of the waveguide, coupling devices, particularly a pin, arranged in the area of the slot, which excite the slot to emit electromagnetic energy, and compensation devices constructed on the surface of the ridge facing the slot, which compensation devices compensate the mismatch of the waveguide caused by the coupling devices with respect to the generator feeding the waveguide with electromagnetic energy. The compensation devices are constructed such that the ridge has a step-shaped indentation in the area of the slot.

Abstract: An antenna array employing continuous transverse stubs as radiating elements is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the array includes an upper conductive plate structure comprising a set of continuous transverse stubs, and a lower conductive plate structure disposed in a spaced relationship relative to the upper plate structure. A rotation apparatus provides rotation between the upper plate structure and the lower plate structure.

Abstract: A multi layered high impedance structure presents a high impedance to multiple frequency signals, with a different frequency for each layer. Each layer comprises a dielectric substrate, and an array of radiating elements such as parallel conductive strips or conductive patches on the substrate's top surface, with a conductive layer on the bottom surface of the bottommost layer. The radiating elements of succeeding layers are vertically aligned with conductive vias extending through the substrates to connect the radiating elements to the ground plane. Each layer presents as a series of parallel resonant L-C circuits to an E field at a particular signal frequency, resulting in a high impedance surface at that frequency. The new structure can be used as the substrate for a microstrip patch antenna to provide an optimal electrical distance between the resonator and backplane at multiple frequencies.

Abstract: Dielectric lenses (6) with an outer dimension of about 0.5 to 1.5 times a wavelength are arranged on front faces of respective slots (3) of a waveguide slot array antenna (1). The dielectric lenses (6) are formed in a panel structure where they have been connected integrally through a dielectric panel (7) so that they cover a front face of the antenna. Spherical waves radiated from the slots are converted into a flat wave by the dielectric lenses, and a composite wave of radiation waves from the respective slots becomes a flat wave which hardly includes ripples, so that an antenna gain is remarkably improved as compared with a case that dielectric lenses are not provided.