Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for acquiring a configuration of a re-configurable antenna, having at least two different antenna element configurations, where the antenna's element mutual coupling characteristics are known in advance in the form of an antenna coupling matrix (Ck(n)), the acquired configuration having a desired effect on a transmission channel, the method comprising the steps: setting an initial configuration of the re-configurable antenna, resulting in an initial coupling matrix (C0); estimating the transmission channel matrix (?(n)), which transmission channel matrix (?(n)) includes the effect of the antenna; calculating a generic transmission channel matrix ({tilde over (?)}(n)), which generic transmission channel matrix ({tilde over (?)}(n)) excludes the effect of the antenna; and extracting a coupling matrix (C) that provides a desired transmission channel matrix (H(n)), including the effect of the antenna.

Abstract: A wafer antenna comprises a wafer substrate, a plurality of antenna elements integrated on the wafer substrate for radiating and receiving a radio frequency signal, an electrical connection integrated on the wafer substrate; a feed network integrated on the wafer substrate for distributing the RF signal from the electrical connection to the antenna elements and from the antenna elements to the electrical connection, and a plurality of tunable dielectric phase shifters integrated on the wafer substrate with each of the tunable dielectric phase shifters coupled to a corresponding one of the antenna elements and controlling the phase of the RF signal coupled to the corresponding one of the antenna elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods which may allow the determination of a correction factor between full scale antennas and scale antennas in order to determine the coupling loss of the full scale antennas on full scale structures based on models of the full scale structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication device, such as a transponder, that has a plurality of antennas for multi-frequency usage. The wireless communication device comprises a control system, communication electronics, memory, and the aforementioned antennas. A wireless communication device having a pole antenna may be used with one or more loop conductor antennas to achieve the desired operating frequencies. A wireless communication device having a dipole antenna may be coupled across a loop conductor antenna to provide different loop conductor configurations depending on the frequency.

Abstract: An antenna array has a ground plane, a plurality of spacers, a radiating patch array and a feeding member. The spacers are mounted on the ground plane. The radiating patch array is mounted on the spacers, is separated from the ground plane at an interval and has three pairs of radiating patches. Each radiating patch is parallel to the ground plane and has a sub radiating patch formed on and inclined away from the ground plane. The inclined sub radiating patches and the interval increase gain of the antenna array.

Abstract: A flat antenna includes a 2×2 array of circular waveguide antenna elements that receive power from a splitting circuit including first to fourth striplines. The second stripline extends in two directions from one end of the first stripline. The third stripline extends in two directions from one end of the second stripline. The fourth stripline extends in two directions from the other end of the second stripline. Four feeder electrodes extend in mutually identical directions from the ends of the third and fourth striplines into the waveguides. The third and fourth striplines are bowed in way that shifts the second stripline closer to the center of the array. This arrangement permits a compact spacing of the waveguide antenna elements.

Abstract: A hybrid wireless network system is disclosed. The hybrid wireless network system includes an antenna array, an analog subsystem, and a digital subsystem. The antenna array at least includes two antenna elements. In the case of using multiple antenna elements to extend link range and coverage, a coarse-fine method is included for antenna elements selection. The analog subsystem calculates a difference signal and a sum signal based on the two RF signals. The analog subsystem includes step leveling devices. The digital subsystem estimates a direction-of-arrival (DOA) based on the sum signal and the difference signal. The step-leveling devices receive weights from the digital subsystem, in form of a feedback control, to apply the weights on the two RF signals respectively. The digital subsystem repetitively calculates new weights to update a beam pattern formed by the two RF signals until the DOA approaches null.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for operating a frequency selective surface are disclosed. The apparatus can be tuned to an on/off state or transmit/reflect electromagnetic energy in any frequency. The methods disclosed teach how to tune the frequency selective surface to an on/off state or transmit/reflect electromagnetic energy in any frequency.

Abstract: A log-periodic antenna coupled to a channelizer is described in which matched scale constants for the antenna and the channelizer are used to achieve substantially identical coupling over each fractional bandwidth channel. Embodiments for simultaneous dual polarization operation are described as well as embodiments suited for planar lithographic fabrication.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a phased array antenna system includes a printed wiring board formed in rhombic shape that accommodates requirements for low observability and a beam forming network located within the printed wiring board. The beam forming network is located over substantially the entire printed wiring board. The embodiment includes connectors located on the backside of the printed wiring board. The back side connectors allow the array architecture to expand to include more subarrays and therefore allowing for more beam forming elements in a full size array than conventional phased arrays.

Abstract: A downlink module is provided that includes a sensor interface operable to provide digital sensor signals. It also includes a GPS receiver for receiving GPS timing and location signals. The downlink module may be configured to form packets of digital sensor signals and GPS timing and location signals according to a desired protocol.

Abstract: A repeating station, a communication apparatus, and an antenna directivity control method are disclosed. The repeating station includes a first antenna group including at least one antenna element, a second antenna group that is different from the first antenna group, the second antenna group including two or more antenna elements adjusted so that radiation in the direction of the first antenna group is reduced, wherein the second antenna group is adjusted such that radiated power in the direction of the first antenna group is reduced.

Abstract: In an antenna device, first and second vertically-polarized antennas are disposed at respective horizontal end portions of a substrate. A first ground pattern functioning as a ground plane of the first antenna and a second ground pattern function as a ground plane of the second antenna are disposed on the substrate. An intermediate pattern is located between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and functions as a horizontally-polarized non-feed element for the first antenna and the second antenna. The phase control part controls a phase difference between a signal of the first antenna and a signal of the second antenna by changing at least one of a phase of the signal of the first antenna and a phase of the signal of the second antenna. The combining portion combines the signals after the phase control part controls the phase deference.

Abstract: The invention consists of an antenna array, for the reception of two frequency bands, comprising two pairs of radiating elements and an network for excitation of these elements for the reception of one of the bands. The radiating elements are positioned so as to free the center of the array to allow colocalized reception of the other band. The excitation network comprises hybrid elements so as to introduce a certain phase shift between the radiating elements allowing a dual circular polarization. This network must comply with two constraints: The phase shift introduced between the hybrids must be equal to the phase shift of the hybrid modulo 2k? k integer.

Abstract: Antenna assemblies and corresponding modes of operation are provided where the first antenna assembly of the system is tuned to a first frequency band ?1 and the second antenna assembly of the antenna system is tuned to a second frequency band ?2. The ground plane of the first antenna assembly is configured as a frequency selective surface that is substantially reflective of radiation in the first frequency band and substantially transparent to radiation in the second frequency band. The second ground plane may also be configured as a frequency selective surface and may be reflective of radiation in the second frequency band. Any number of additional antenna arrays may be added so long as the outer arrays are transparent to the inner arrays.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a method to control an antenna pattern of a wideband array antenna wherein a wideband array antenna unit comprising the wideband array antenna and transforming means is accomplished. Embodiments of the invention further include the corresponding wideband array antenna unit and transforming means arranged to control an antenna pattern of an antenna system. The separation between antenna elements in the wideband array antenna can be increased to above one half wavelength of a maximum frequency within a system bandwidth when the array antenna is arranged to operate with an instantaneously wideband waveform.

Abstract: Grating lobe free scanning in a phased array with sparse element spacing is obtained by restricting the maximum scan angle for elements in the array, and arranging the elements in a convex form. One convex form is a paraboloid, which may be continuous, or piecewise in nature, tiled with flat segments.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting packet data through at least two transmit antennas in a packet data communication system using transmit antenna diversity. In the packet transmitting apparatus, a feedback information interpreter interprets feedback information including CQIs and antenna weights received from a plurality of UEs requesting a packet data service. A weight generator classifies the antenna weights and selects UEs having orthogonal weights. A transmitter applies the selected weights to packet data destined for the selected UEs and transmits the packet data to the selected UEs simultaneously.

Abstract: A phase shifter includes two or more conductive strips, an input line and a wiper coupled to both the input line and the conductive strips. Rotation of the wiper about a pivot point alters the path lengths between the input line and output ports or antenna elements connected to the conductive strips. The wiper is a multi-bladed wiper. Phase errors in multi-bladed wiper-type phase shifters are reduced. Arrangements for reduction of phase shifter size or increase in phase shift range are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antenna array structure which includes multiple array elements, and the antenna array structure is using for the application of the WLAN (wireless local area network) or WMAN (wireless metro area network.) Furthermore, the array elements of the present invention are phased arrays or attenuated arrays, and when configuration with different type of the array element is used, the corresponding BFN (beam forming network) can also be implemented in various possibilities. With all the configuration of the present invention, the manufacturers can have a stable array structure for their applications.

Abstract: An antenna system comprising at least two antenna radiating elements and respective reference ports the ports being defined by a symmetrical antenna scattering N×N matrix. The system further comprises a compensating network connected to the reference ports. The compensating network is arranged for counteracting coupling between the antenna radiating elements. The compensating network is defined by a symmetrical compensating scattering 2N×2N matrix comprising four N×N blocks, the two blocks on the main diagonal containing all zeros and the other two blocks of the other diagonal containing a unitary N×N matrix and its transpose. The product between the unitary matrix, the scattering N×N matrix and the transpose of the unitary matrix equals an N×N matrix which essentially is a diagonal matrix. The present invention also relates to a method for calculating a compensating scattering 2N×2N matrix for a compensating network for an antenna system.

Abstract: Radio-frequency transmission device comprising a transmission antenna (2) and a receiving antenna (4), characterized by comprising one or more passive resonant circuits (5) positioned between the transmission and receiving antennas (2, 4).

Abstract: The dual radiating type inner antenna includes a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), a first radiation plate disposed at an upper part of the PCB, a power supply unit connecting the PCB and the first radiation plate to supply a current to the first radiation plate, a power supply pad, a floating patch, and a second radiation plate. Current supplied to the power supply pad is radiated as first electromagnetic waves through the first radiation plate after passing through the power supply unit; and is radiated as second electromagnetic waves through the second radiation plate after being coupled through the slot of the floating patch to the power supply pad. Therefore, the inner antenna simultaneously radiates electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands, so that a usable frequency bandwidth can be expanded and the gain of the antenna can be increased.

Abstract: A method for configuring an electronics device having reconfigurable network component layers is disclosed. The method selects a first group of pixels from at least one of the reconfigurable network component layers to form a network component on a substrate of the electronics device and activates the network component in at least one plane of the device substrate using a plurality of micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) switches adjacent to the first group of selected pixels. The method adjusts a first shape of the activated network component for the electronics device using the reconfigurable network component layers.

Abstract: There are provided a transmitter/receiver circuit and a transmission/reception method that can reduce the insertion loss of a circuit in a hybrid operation and are suitable for reducing the cost, size, and power consumption. An antenna switch 119 includes attenuation filters 201 to 203 for attenuating the frequency bands corresponding to a plurality of receiving systems, e.g., the frequency band of an 800 MHz band system, the frequency band of a 2 GHz band system, and GPS reception frequency components. These filters 201 to 203 are connected between a primary (main) antenna connection terminal T204 and a first switch group SWG201 through connection switches 204 to 206.

Abstract: An array antenna apparatus includes a first feeding element having a first feed point, a second feeding element having a second feed point, and a first parasitic element electrically connected to the respective first and second feeding elements. In a first frequency band, respective resonances in the feeding elements occur independent of each other, by eliminating electromagnetic mutual coupling between the feeding elements, and exciting the first feeding element through the first feed point as well as exciting the second feeding element through the second feed point. In a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band, a loop antenna having a certain electrical length is formed by the first and second feeding elements and the first parasitic element, and a resonance of the loop antenna substantially occurs by exciting the first feeding element through the first feed point.

Abstract: A smart antenna with an adjustable radiation pattern is described. A plurality of slot antennas are formed at a metal layer which is grounded, wherein openings of the slot antennas point to different directions. One surface of an insulated layer is covered by the metal layer. A coaxial feeding structure is provided through the insulated layer. A plurality of microstrip lines are formed at the other surface of the insulated layer and can feed the radio frequency signals to the slot antennas, respectively. Pluralities of switches are connected to each microstrip line and the coaxial feeding structure. A plurality of bias circuits are electrically connected to each switch, respectively, to control the status of the switch and adjust the operation statuses of the slot antennas individually to form an adjustable radiation pattern.

Abstract: Antenna arrays which can work simultaneously in various frequency bands thanks to the physical disposition of the elements which constitute them, and also the multiband behaviour of some elements situated strategically in the array. The configuration of the array is described based on the juxtaposition or interleaving of various conventional mono-band arrays working in the different bands of interest. In those positions in which elements of different multiband arrays come together, a multiband antenna is employed which covers the different working frequency bands. The advantages with respect to the classic configuration of using one array for each frequency band are: saving in cost of the global radiating system and its installation (one array replaces several), and its size and visual and environmental impact are reduced in the case of base stations and repeater stations for communication systems.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement comprising: a first antenna element; a second antenna element; a coupling element for electromagnetically coupling to the first antenna element and the second antenna element; and a switching mechanism, connected to the coupling element, for switching between a first electrical configuration and a second electrical configuration, wherein when the switching mechanism is in the first electrical configuration, the coupling element has a first impedance and when the switching mechanism is in the second electrical configuration, the coupling element has a second impedance.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement which includes two antennas which are resonant at a common operating frequency. The arrangement includes a circuit which combines output signals from each of the antennas to provide a combined signal output. Each antenna has an electrically insulative core of solid material having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and a three-dimensional antenna element structure. The structure includes at least a pair of elongate conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent a surface of the core.

Abstract: The invention is a novel solution to circumvent the fundamental gain bandwidth limitations of an antenna of a given size by using a traveling-wave (TW) antenna and strongly coupling it with the mounting platform to enlarge the effective size of the antenna. A preferred form of this invention comprises a conducting ground surface generally curvilinear and conformal to said platform, a broadband TW surface radiator positioned above and spaced apart from said ground surface, an impedance matching structure between the surface radiator and the conducting ground surface, and a reactive impedance matching network positioned on the periphery of said surface radiator.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, an integrated circuit is provided that includes a substrate, a plurality of dipoles adjacent the substrate; an RF feed network adjacent the substrate and coupled to drive a plurality of output nodes with an RF signal; and a plurality of tuning circuits corresponding to the plurality of dipoles, each tuning circuit configured to load an RF signal from a corresponding one of the output nodes with a variable capacitance responsive to a control signal, the loaded RF signal driving the dipole antenna corresponding to the tuning circuit.

Abstract: An inverse F type antenna is provided and includes first wiring portions provided on an upper face of a board, second wiring portions provided on a lower face of the board, connecting portions electrically connecting the first wiring portions and the second wiring portions, in which the connecting portions are provided at a side face of the board.

Abstract: A modularly expandable, phased array antenna having a rhombic shaped antenna aperture formed by a plurality of rhombic shaped subarrays. Each subarray has a rhombic shaped printed wiring board on which is formed a plurality of antenna elements, where the elements collectively form a rhombic shape in accordance with the printed wiring board. The rhombic shaped subarrays enable a modular aperture to be formed without producing any gaps between columns or rows of adjacently positioned subarrays. Thus, a uniform, consistent spacing is maintained between all the antenna elements on the subarrays. This improves antenna radiation and low observability performance for the antenna system, as well as reducing the overall size of the antenna aperture and its cost of construction.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a microwave or millimeter wave module includes a dielectric layer having a pocket formed substantially through the dielectric layer. The dielectric is attached to a metal substrate. The pocket has substantially vertical sidewalls. An integrated circuit is disposed in the pocket. Opposing sides of the integrated circuit are substantially parallel to the sidewalls of the pocket. An interconnect electrically couples the integrated circuit to a bond pad disposed on the outer surface of the dielectric layer. The interconnect has a length that is minimized to result in reduced inductance of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: An adaptive antenna apparatus comprises M receiving circuits, and N antenna elements, N being larger than M. The N antenna elements constitute a plurality of sets of partial array antennas each including M antenna elements among the N antenna elements, and a straight line passing through feeding points of two of the antenna elements included in any one of the partial array antennas has a different direction from a further straight line passing through feeding points of two of the antenna elements included in any one of the other partial array antennas. A control means adaptively controls the receiving circuits to adjust at least one of an amplitude and a phase of each radio frequency signal, and adaptively controls an antenna switching means to connect the antenna elements included in one of the plurality of sets of partial array antennas to their corresponding receiving circuits.

Abstract: A helical antenna comprising at least one helix which is formed by at least two radiating wires. According to the invention, at least one of said radiating wires is associated with a parasitic wire having a width which is less than or equal to the radiating wire(s), such as to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna.

Abstract: An antenna array includes a folded thin flexible circuit board with a thin dielectric layer and a conductor layer pattern formed on a first surface of the dielectric layer. The circuit board may be folded in a plurality of folds to form a pleated structure. An array of radiator structures is formed on the first surface, A conductor trace pattern is formed on the folded circuit board. A plurality of active RF circuit devices is attached to the folded circuit board in signal communication with the conductor trace pattern.

Abstract: Systems and methods for employing switched phase shifters and a feed network to provide a low cost multiple beam antenna system for wireless communications. The present systems and methods may also facilitate multi-band communications and employ multi-diversity. The present systems and methods allow communication systems to achieve enhanced performance for communication or other services such as location tracking. The present systems and methods may employ switched phase shifters, multiple diversity antennas and/or a feed network having a multi-layer construction to provide an antenna system with low losses, low external component count and/or which is thin and compact.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a microwave or millimeter wave module includes a dielectric layer having a pocket formed substantially through the dielectric layer. The dielectric is attached to a metal substrate. The pocket has substantially vertical sidewalls. An integrated circuit is disposed in the pocket. Opposing sides of the integrated circuit are substantially parallel to the sidewalls of the pocket. An interconnect electrically couples the integrated circuit to a bond pad disposed on the outer surface of the dielectric layer. The interconnect has a length that is minimized to result in reduced inductance of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a subassembly for a phased array radar includes a substrate generally lying in a first plane, the substrate including a plurality of transmit/receive modules coupled to a mounting surface and a plurality of radiating elements formed adjacent the mounting surface, and a multi-function board generally lying in a second plane parallel to the first plane. The multi-function board is in spaced apart relation to the substrate and may include RF manifolding and logic/power distribution functions for the transmit/receive modules.

Abstract: Device, system and method of phased-array calibration. In some demonstrative embodiments, a wireless communication device may include an array of antenna elements; a calibration element located at a predefined location relative to the antenna elements; and an antenna controller capable of calibrating at least one beam forming weight of at least one antenna element of the array of antenna elements based on a detected phase of a calibration signal transmitted via one of the calibration element and the antenna element and received via another of the calibration element and the antenna element.

Abstract: An antenna control system for setting the tilt angle of a main lobe of an antenna, in particular of an antenna constituting part of a base station in a mobile cellular communication system, said antenna comprising a plurality of antenna elements and phase shifting means for varying the phase of at least one signal being fed to said antenna elements, wherein adjustment of said phase of said signal is achieved by actuating an operating element, and wherein actuation of said operating element is achieved by operating an operating element actuator. The operating element actuator is coupled to the operating element of the phase shifting means by means of a force field coupling.

Abstract: A circuit board for wireless communications includes communication circuitry for modulating and/or demodulating a radio frequency (RF) signal and an antenna apparatus for transmitting and receiving the RF signal, the antenna apparatus having selectable antenna elements located near one or more peripheries of the circuit board and selectable phase shifting. A switching network couples one or more of the selectable elements to the communication circuitry and provides impedance matching regardless of which or how many of the antenna elements are selected, and includes a selectable phase shifter to allow the phase of the antenna elements to be shifted by 180 degrees. The phase shifter includes a first RF switch and two ¼-wavelength delay lines of PCB traces or delay elements and a second RF switch. The phase shifter selectively provides a straight-through path, a 180 degree phase shift, a high impedance state, or a notch filter.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method dynamically adjust an antenna network frequency response in accordance with an operation mode of a half duplex call. One of a plurality of antenna network configurations is selected based at least partly on the half duplex operation mode which comprises a talk mode and a listen mode. When the portable communication device is in a listen mode, the antenna network is tuned to a reception configuration which results in a reception efficiency that is greater for at least a portion of a reception frequency band than the reception efficiency resulting from at least one other antenna network configuration. The antenna network is maintained in a default configuration unless antenna adjustment conditions are met. In some situations, the antenna network is set to a transmission configuration to improve transmission efficiency relative to the default configuration.

Abstract: An apparatus for detection of the gradient of a magnetic field includes at least four antenna elements (11, 12, 13, 14) composed of a ferromagnetic material, which are arranged in pairs, and a bridge circuit having at least four resistance elements (1, 2, 3, 4), which are associated with the antenna elements (11, 12, 13, 14) or antenna element pairs. Each antenna element pair has at least one associated resistance element (1, 2, 3, 4) whose resistance value is dependent on the field strength and on the direction of the magnetic field, and which resistance element (1, 2, 3, 4) is arranged in a field area (19) which extends between the two antenna elements (11, 12, 13, 14) of the antenna element pair. The invention also relates to a method for production of an apparatus which is intended for detection of the gradient of a magnetic field.

Abstract: A modular electronic architecture according to which electrical components are distributed across substantially identical, interconnected circuit elements or assemblies is provided. Scaling of the electronic device can be achieved by selecting different numbers of circuit elements. Embodiments of the present invention may also provide for a compact assembly, formed from interconnection of separate circuit boards in a stack. Particular applications include the provision of beam forming networks in connection with phased array antennas in which the beam forming networks are formed on circuit boards having an area that is about the same size as the area of a circuit board on which the antenna elements are formed.

Abstract: A method includes broadcasting, at a transmitter, messages comprising antenna configuration, antenna spacing and a number of antenna of the transmitter and reference signals; generating, at a receiver, a codebook comprising a plurality of antenna beams based on the broadcasted messages; receiving, at the receiver, the broadcasted reference signals; selecting, at the receiver, an antenna beam among the plurality of antenna beams within the codebook in dependence upon a predetermined performance criteria of a data communication system and in dependence upon the broadcasted reference signals; feedbacking to the transmitter, at the receiver, information comprising the antenna beam selected by the receiver; optimizing, at the transmitter, a beamforming process by utilizing the feedback information from the receiver; transmitting, at the transmitter, data signals by utilizing the optimized beamforming process; and receiving and processing, at the receiver, the data signals in dependence upon the selected antenna be

Abstract: Embodiments include phased array antenna apparatus and methods of manufacturing them. In an embodiment, a phased array antenna apparatus includes at least one printed wiring board (PWB) (1002, FIG. 10) having multiple layers, at least one beamformer module (1014) with at least one beam combiner/divider, at least one amplifier (1016), and at least one integral radiating element (1006). The PWB includes RF manifolds (912, 916, FIG. 9) embedded within the multiple layers between corresponding ports (910, 914) of the beam combiners/dividers. The at least one integral radiating element is located proximate to an edge of the PWB and oriented in parallel with a bore-sight of the phased array antenna apparatus. In an embodiment, the beam combiners/dividers may include an H form combiner (704, FIG. 7). An opening (1026, FIG. 10) in the PWB is adapted to enable the amplifier to directly contact a heat sink (1004), in an embodiment.

Abstract: An antenna system for providing network access services to wireless users generates at least a first and a second antenna beam, where the second antenna beam is movable with respect to the first. Additional antenna beams may also be generated. During installation of the antenna system, an installer may adjust the position of the second antenna beam (and possibly other antenna beams) in a manner that enhances the maximum data-rate coverage area of the antenna system for a given deployment region.