Abstract: A driving method of a matrix type liquid crystal display element including at least J.times.L (J and L are respectively integers of 2 or more) row electrodes and a plural number of column electrodes wherein the J.times.L row electrodes are divided into J row electrode subgroups each including n row electrodes so that the subgroups are selected as each batch to be driven. When voltages are applied to the row electrodes, either a voltage level of +V.sub.r or -V.sub.r (where V.sub.r >0) is applied at a selection time, when a voltage at a non-selection time is 0 (zero). Voltages applied to the column electrodes are selected from (L+1) voltage levels of V.sub.0, V.sub.1, . . . , V.sub.L (where V.sub.0 <V.sub.1 . . . <V.sub.L), and when a two-valued information of the j-th line electrode subgroup (j is an integer of any of 1 through J) in a specified column in the plural column electrodes is expressed by a column vector D.sub.j having L elements (where the elements of the vector D.sub.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a drive method suitable for driving a fast-responding STN liquid crystal display device which ensures a minimized cross talk and improved contrast in display. The drive method comprises a memory means for storing display data corresponding to a plurality of lines, a function generating means for generating a drive function for the row electrodes, an arithmetic means for computing the outputs from the foregoing means, a column electrode drive means for driving the column electrodes in dependency on the output from the arithmetic means, and a row electrode drive means for driving the row electrodes in accordance with respective row electrode drive functions. As a voltage function to be applied to each row during drive operation, a sum of a plurality of orthogonal functions is utilized. Thereby, degradation in contrast due to display patterns as well as the cross talk can be minimized.

Abstract: A drive circuit in which the rise and fall characteristics with multiple voltages are made the same, while maintaining a high breakdown voltage. Drive circuit 70, which supplies power supply voltages VH and VL and voltage VM intermediate between them to output pad 32, is composed of p-channel MOS transistor P5 and n-channel MOS transistors N5, N6 and N7. When the output voltage changes from VH to VM, both transistors N6 and N7 conduct, and when the output voltage changes from VL to VM, only transistor N6 conducts. The transistors that supply intermediate voltage VM are constructed of transistors of the same conductivity type, so that the rise and fall characteristics to VM can be made the same while the breakdown voltage of the transistors in the circuit that supplies this intermediate voltage VM is kept high.

Abstract: A display device (10) having first and second substrates (12) and (30) and a layer of a PSCT or PFCT liquid crystal material disposed therebetween. The display is driven by an addressing scheme in which voltages are applied either in phase or out of phase in order to switch the liquid crystal material between stable states.

Abstract: A liquid crystal driver IC drives a liquid crystal display apparatus by supplying the potential of one reference power source or the potentials of two reference power sources selected from among a plural number of reference power sources on the basis of the displayed data to the liquid crystal display apparatus by time sharing. The supply line of the reference power source for an intermediate value among the plurality of reference power sources is divided into at least two supply lines and the fixed directions of current flowing through the respective divided lines are maintained. The voltage-drop and voltage build-up of the reference power sources resulting from the electric charge flowing into and out of the reference power sources are limited to one of each of the two supply lines. The resulting voltage fluctuations of the reference power source are low, making it possible to supply the liquid crystal display apparatus with stable voltage required for the improvement of display definition.

Abstract: In a drive circuit for a display apparatus into which a digital video signal is input and in which a plurality of parallel signal electrodes are provided, one of signal voltages having different levels is output in accordance with the digital video signal, or two adjacent ones of said signal voltages are simultaneously output. Alternatively, one of the signal voltages is supplied to a signal electrode in one portion of one output period, and another one of the signal voltages is supplied to the signal electrode in another portion of the output period. The length ratio of the two portions of one output period is appropriately determined according to the digital video signal, whereby an arbitrary voltage corresponding to the video signal data can be applied to the pixel.

Abstract: In a drive circuit for a display apparatus into which a digital video signal is input and in which a plurality of parallel signal electrodes are provided, one of signal voltages having different levels is output in accordance with the digital video signal, or two adjacent ones of said signal voltages are simultaneously output. Alternatively, one of the signal voltages is supplied to a signal electrode in one portion of one output period, and another one of the signal voltages is supplied to the signal electrode in another portion of the output period. The length ratio of the two portions of one output period is appropriately determined according to a digital video signal, whereby an arbitrary voltage corresponding to the video signal data can be applied to the pixel.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for driving an active or passive matrix liquid crystal display panel or the like provides an analog output signal which switches through a voltage range that exceeds the safe operating voltage of the CMOS transistors from which it is formed. Duplicate digital to analog conversion circuits are provided on the integrated circuit but are operated from two different power supply voltage ranges. Each voltage range has a magnitude less than the safe operating voltage. The analog output signals generated by the duplicate digital to analog conversion circuits are coupled to an output multiplexer that is responsive to a control signal for selecting one of the two analog output signals to the output terminal of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: The objectives of this invention are to improve the method of supplying power from an operating power source and thus implement a liquid crystal drive device with an internal display data storage device that consumes less power and is also larger. A signal electrode drive circuit (X driver) is made up of a low-voltage-amplitude operating portion that operates on the supply of a first power voltage group, and a high-voltage-amplitude operating portion that operates on the supply of a second power voltage group. A frame memory that stores display data is provided in the high-voltage-amplitude operating portion, with the configuration being such that the operating power source for the frame memory is supplied from the second power voltage group.

Abstract: A driving method for an electooptical device is disclosed. A plurality of nonlinear resistance elements are arranged in units of pixel electrodes, and two adjacent operating electrodes are coupled through independent nonlinear resistance elements which are controlled by the pair of operating electrodes so as to provide a stable operation against variation in characteristics of the nonlinear resistance elements and to prevent deterioration of display over time. Data signals are applied to signal electrodes and are set in reference to nonselected scan signals applied to the scan electrodes during a nonselected period. Thus, the data input to one pixel is not affected by data input to the other pixels and is not affected during the period between a first frame scanning and a next frame scanning.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device of the type comprising a pair of oppositely disposed electrode plates having thereon a group of scanning lines and a group of data lines, respectively, and a liquid crystal disposed between the pair of electrode plates so as to form a pixel at each intersection of the scanning lines and data lines, is driven by a driving method including the steps of applying a scanning selection voltage waveform including a scanning selection signal to a scanning line within one scanning period, and applying a data signal waveform to data lines within the one scanning period. The data signal waveform is composed to include (i) a data signal period for a data signal synchronized with the scanning selection signal and providing a time-integrated voltage of zero applied to an associate pixel within the period and (ii) an AC signal period for an AC signal providing a time-integrated voltage of zero applied to the associated pixel within the AC signal period.

Abstract: In the driving circuit for a display apparatus according to the present invention, a charging circuit applies a voltage equal to or higher than the highest positive gradation voltage to each data line for a predetermined period of time before the start of a period for applying a positive gradation voltage. After that, a positive gradation voltage in accordance with data is applied to each data line. Then, a period for the applying a negative gradation voltage is started, when a negative gradation voltage in accordance with data is applied to each data line. Accordingly, after being charged with a voltage applied by the charging circuit at the beginning of each cycle of the AC driving, each data line is applied with an equal or lower gradation voltage. Alternatively, a discharging circuit first applies a voltage equal to or lower than the lowest negative gradation voltage to each data line for a predetermined period of time before the start of a period for applying a negative gradation voltage.

Abstract: A driving method of a liquid crystal display element having plural numbers of scanning electrodes and data electrodes where a J.times.L number (J and L are each integers.gtoreq.2) of scanning electrodes are divided into J subgroups each having L scanning electrodes so that the subgroups are selected and driven as a batch. The subgroups are selected while the following conditions are satisfied: (1) in L=k.multidot.N.multidot.T/.tau., a value satisfying k=10-250 is determined, where L is the number of row electrodes selected, N is the total number of row electrodes, T is a selection time of a single scanning electrode and .tau.

Abstract: A time-sharing addressing method for an antiferroelectric phase liquid crystal element that demonstrates tristable switching behavior, wherein the drive voltage waveform is made an alternating current and the time average value of the voltage, including the depolarization field due to spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal, actually applied to the liquid crystal substance in one frame or two frames is made zero for the purpose of expanding the drive voltage margin and the operating temperature margin of the element, shortening the screen scanning time and preventing degradation of the electro-optical characteristic by suppressing polarization of the electric charge due to spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: This specification concerns cathode ray tube display apparatus comprises a cathode ray tube display screen (10). A beam generator (60,30) is provided for generating at least one electron beam in the cathode ray tube display screen (10) to produce a video image. Also provided is a line timebase circuit (40) for generating a line deflection signal to sequentially address the or each electron beam to successive pixels on the screen (10) in a line of a raster, and a frame timebase circuit (50) for generating an alternating frame deflection signal for sequentially addressing the or each electron beam to successive lines of the raster. The apparatus further comprises a standby circuit (110) connected to the line and frame timebase circuits (40,50).

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal display is supplied with voltages by STN driving IC's, and a bias voltage circuit for generating voltages supplied to bias pins of driving IC's is provided. The two composite voltages are supplied to liquid crystal cells during the pixel period and the kinds of composite voltage is five or six. In order to supply these composite voltages to the liquid crystal cells, control signal pins of STN driving IC's are supplied with a signal which is "high" during the first half of pixel period and "low" during the latter half of pixel period, and bias voltage pins are supplied with voltages which should be applied to common electrodes and segment electrodes. The circuit for generating bias voltages such voltages includes a plurality of resistors and two power supplies. Thus, the ferroelectric liquid crystal displays can be economically driven, and the flickering of a picture is decreased.

Abstract: When performing gradation display by giving digital value as display data to each pixel arranged in a matrix on a display panel and emitting the pixels at a brightness corresponding to the magnitude of the digital value, plural display frame periods are set as one cycle, and digital value .alpha. is given as display data in certain display frames selectively determined in the cycle, and digital value .beta.=.alpha..+-.M (M being a positive Integer) is given as display data in, other display frames in the same cycle. Accordingly, a halftone gradation between the gradation corresponding to the digital value .alpha. and the gradation corresponding to the digital value .beta. may be displayed in plural degrees depending on the rate of the number of display frames given the digital value .alpha. and the number of display frames given the digital value .beta..

Abstract: A driving method of a matrix type liquid crystal display element comprising at least J.times.L number (J subgroup) of row electrodes and a plurality of column electrodes. When information of the j-th row electrode subgroup in a specified column is expressed by a column vector D.sub.j having an L number of elements, the following conditions are satisfied: (1) and j-th row electrode subgroup is selected so that the elements of a selection voltage vector which constitute a selection voltage matrix in which the product of a matrix and a transposed matrix of the same assumes a scalar multiple of the unit matrix is selected, and the selection voltage matrix comprising election voltage vectors arranged in a matrix are selected, and (2) when the j-th row electrode subgroup is selected, the voltage applied to the column electrodes to indicate a display information by means of the vector D.sub.j are determined as in the following items (a) and (b): (a) a vector .beta.

Abstract: A driving method is provided for an electrooptical device having scanning and signal electrodes arranged in a matrix with a plurality of picture elements formed in association with intersections of the electrodes. Voltages of high-frequency pulses are applied to both the scanning and signal electrodes, and a DC voltage pulse for setting the optical state of the electrooptical material is applied to the picture elements during a selected period for the scanning electrodes, while a high-frequency AC voltage for holding the previously set optical state of the electrooptical material is applied to the picture elements during a non-selected period for the scanning electrodes. A circuit is also provided for carrying out the method, and an electrooptical apparatus is provided employing the electrooptical device described above.

Abstract: A method of activating a matrix liquid crystal display formed with column electrodes intersecting row electrodes and liquid crystal material therebetween in which liquid crystal pixels are defined at the intersections of the row and column electrodes. The column electrodes are provided with voltage waveforms of high and low magnitude corresponding to display data. The row electrodes are supplied with a sequential scanning signal of activating magnitude. During one data output period, a signal for the data about the selected rows is delivered with one polarity and then switches to the opposite polarity N number of times (where N is a positive integer) during the same data output period to prevent crosstalk in the column electrodes.