Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatus or systems for generating, transmitting and decoding a backward compatible immersive video stream. The stream is carrying data representative of an immersive video, composed of a frame organized according to a layout having a first area encoded according to a rectangle mapping, a second area encoded according to a mapping transitory from the rectangular mapping to an immersive mapping and a third area encoded according to the immersive mapping. In order to be backward compatible, the stream further includes first information representative of the size and the location of the first area within the video frame, and second information having at least the type of the selected layout, the field of view of first part, of the size of the second area within the video frame and a reference direction.

Abstract: A method and device for rectifying an image photographed by a fish-eye lens, comprising the following steps: acquiring a fish-eye lens mapping parameter and a lens field angle; acquiring a fitted mapping curve according to the lens mapping parameter; acquiring centre coordinate and the radius of a fish-eye circle in a fish-eye image; creating a blank image used for rectifying the image according to the lens field angle; based on the lens field angle, the fitted mapping curve, the centre coordinate and the radius of the fish-eye circle, and the width and height of the blank image, mapping a point on the blank image used for rectifying the image to a corresponding point in the fish-eye image; and based on a colour sample of the corresponding point in the fish-eye image, drawing same onto the corresponding point in the blank image used for rectifying the image, and drawing the rectified image.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to a method and a system for managing viewability of a location-based spatial object. The system provides subscribers to set up searching criteria for every spatial object through the viewability management mechanism. A viewable range for a spatial object is such as a spatial range, a user range and/or a time range. While the system inspects the spatial information and searching criteria of the spatial objects registered in a database, it may be found that the viewable ranges of multiple spatial objects are interfered under the same searching criteria. Thus, the system allows the subscribers to assign ranking weights to different spatial objects for giving them different values. As a result, the system adjusts an order to display the multiple spatial objects according to their ranking weights under the same searching criteria. A search result is displayed through an augmented-reality technology in a terminal device.

Abstract: A method and a system for realizing a virtual stereoscopic scene based on mapping are provided. The method comprises, acquiring a distance between an observer's two eyes E_R, a maximum convex displaying distance of a real screen N_R, a distance from the observer's eyes to the real screen Z_R, and a maximum concave displaying distance of the real screen F_R; calculating a parallax dN_R at N_R, and a parallax dF_R at F_R; acquiring a distance between a virtual single camera and a virtual near clipping plane N_V, and a distance between a virtual single camera and a virtual far clipping plane F_V; calculating a distance E_V between a left virtual camera and a right virtual camera, and asymmetric perspective projection parameters of the left virtual camera and the right virtual camera; performing a perspective projection transformation of scene content of the virtual single camera, and displaying a virtual stereoscopic scene.

Abstract: A three-dimensional model of an object is employed to aid in navigation among a number of images of the object taken from various viewpoints. In general, an image of an object such as a digital photograph is displayed in a user interface or the like. When a user selects a point within the display that corresponds to a location on the surface of the object, another image may be identified that provides a better view of the object. In order to maintain user orientation to the subject matter while navigating to this destination viewpoint, the display may switch to a model view and a fly-over to the destination viewpoint may be animated using the model. When the destination viewpoint is reached, the display may return to an image view for further inspection, marking, or other manipulation by the user.

Abstract: A computing device obtains information associated with a computer aided design (CAD) model of an object, and also determines how an illustration of the object would be utilized. Based on that information, the computing device automatically generates views of the object for inclusion in technical publications related to the object, or a system that includes the object.

Abstract: A head-mounted display includes a see-through display and a virtual reality engine. The see-through display is configured to visually augment an appearance of a physical space to a user viewing the physical space through the see-through display. The virtual reality engine is configured to cause the see-through display to visually present a virtual monitor that appears to be integrated with the physical space to a user viewing the physical space through the see-through display.

Abstract: A system for multi-view reconstruction of a photo-realistic rendering of an event includes cameras for imaging the event with image frames; a controller having a CEM module for modeling an environment from image data of the image frames, an FES module for segmenting a foreground from the environment from image data of the image frames and constructing a 3D data representation; and a configuration engine includes a path selection module, the configuration engine for configuring and rendering the photo-realistic rendering along a path selected by a user using the path selection module, the path having at least one novel view image. The photo-realistic rendering has less than a 10% discrepancy between output pixel raster values of the novel view image and the image frames imaged by the cameras.

Abstract: A stereo image generating method and an electronic apparatus utilizing the method are provided. The electronic apparatus includes a first camera and a second camera capable of capturing stereo images, and a resolution of the first camera is larger than that of the second camera. In the method, a first image is captured by the first camera, and a second image is captured by the second camera. The second image is upscaled to the resolution of the first camera, and a depth map is generated with use of the first image and the upscaled second image. With reference to the depth map, the first image is re-projected to reconstruct a reference image of the second image. An occlusion region in the reference image is detected and compensated by using the upscaled second image. A stereo image including the first image and the compensated reference image is generated.

Abstract: A virtual reality (VR) gaming platform has a head-mounted display (HMD), software executing on a processor, controlling display of a virtual environment in the HMD and providing functions for network connectivity via a digital port, a three-axis input device providing input to the processor, and dedicated control scripts executable on the processor to provide specific functions in moving an avatar and establishing camera position. The control scripts operate during game play to move the avatar from a first position to a second position in response to specific directional input from the player via the three-axis input device, the camera remains stationary while the avatar moves, and when the avatar stops moving, the camera position teleports to at or near the new avatar position.

Abstract: Obtaining a first set including key point descriptors in a first image that is of a to-be-shot scene and that is formed by using a first camera in a dual camera system, and a second set including key point descriptors in a second image that is of the to-be-shot scene and that is formed by using a second; pairing a key point in the first set and a key point in the second set that match each other to form a key point pair; selecting the key point pair that meets a predetermined condition; generating an image alignment vector field according to the selected key point pair; and estimating an occlusion area according to the depth information of the first image and the second image, and eliminating an alignment vector of the occlusion area in the image alignment vector field, to form a corrected image alignment vector field.

Abstract: A method including causing display of a first visual information that is a view from a first geographical location, receiving, by the apparatus, an indication of availability of a second visual information that is a view from a second geographical location, the second geographical location being in a first direction from the first geographical location, determining a position in the first visual information that corresponds with the first direction, and causing display of at least a portion of the second visual information such that the portion of the second visual information overlays the first visual information at the position in the first visual information is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for visually representing and displaying data are described. The visual representation may be a data animation. A data query may be submitted, a time measurement for processing the query may be obtained, and a sample size of the query may be adjusted based on the time measurement and a frame refresh rate of a data animation. A data animation may be generated based on one or more results of the query.

Abstract: The techniques introduced here enable a display system, such as an HMD device, to generate and display to a user a holographic structure matching a real-world structure. In some embodiments vertices, edges and planes of the holographic schematics are generated via the use of a peripheral tool that is positioned by a user. In other embodiments, other user input indicates the bounds of the holographic schematic. In response to user action, a holographic schematic is made to appear including corresponding real-world size measurements. The corresponding measurements are used to develop a holographic structure that integrates with the holographic schematic.

Abstract: In graphics processing data is received representing one or more vertices for a scene in a virtual space. A projection of the vertices onto a screen space of a display device is performed. The projection approximates a projection of the vertices onto a curved viewport. Primitive assembly is performed on the vertices to generate a one or more primitives in screen space from the projection of the vertices onto the screen space. Scan conversion is performed on the one or more primitives to determine which pixel or pixels of the plurality of pixels are part of corresponding primitives of the one or more primitives. A finished frame is then generated by performing pixel processing to assign pixel values to the pixel or pixels that are part of the corresponding primitives. In some implementations, the finished frame can be stored in the memory or displayed on the display device.

Abstract: Methods for annotating objects within image frames are disclosed. Information is obtained that represents a camera pose relative to a scene. The camera pose includes a position and a location of the camera relative to the scene. Data is obtained that represents multiple images, including a first image and a plurality of other images, being captured from different angles by the camera relative to the scene. A 3D pose of the object of interest is identified with respect to the camera pose in at least the first image. A 3D bounding region for the object of interest in the first image is defined, which indicates a volume that includes the object of interest. A location and orientation of the object of interest is determined in the other images based on the defined 3D bounding region of the object of interest and the camera pose in the other images.

Abstract: Systems and methods configured for implementing behavior trees when modifying attribute values of game entities based on physical token detection are presented herein. Behavior and/or action of game entities may be implemented using behavior trees. Individual behavior trees may be implemented for individual game entities and/or groups of game entities defined, at least in part, by individual sets of attribute values. Token detection may cause attribute values of one or more game entity attributes to change. In response to the change in attribute values, a behavior tree being implemented for the game entity may be changed to a different game entity. In this manner, behavioral changes for game entity may be implemented “on-the-fly” as attribute values are modified based on token detection.

Abstract: A portable device has an adaptive panoramic image processor. The portable device further has a plurality of image sensors having overlapping fields of view and an input device receiving a trigger signal that triggers the plurality of image sensors to capture a plurality of images. The adaptive panoramic image processor of the portable device processes the images to form a panorama based on side information about the portable device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for supplying an open interface (e.g., web pages) for viewpoint navigation control of a three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of an object that is simple to create and fast and easy to use. This viewpoint navigation control application allows users to control the viewpoint in a 3-D environment by interacting with (e.g., clicking on) a 2-D hyperlink layout within a web browser (or other 2-D viewer with hyperlink capability). Position and orientation data for a selected viewpoint are transferred as part of a command message sent to the 3-D visualization application through an application programming interface when users select a hyperlink from a web page displayed by the 2-D layout application. The 3-D visualization application then retrieves data and displays a view of at least a portion of the 3-D model of the object with the predefined viewpoint specified in the command message.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for visualizing and navigating cybersecurity information. A hypertree is displayed on a display device of a computerized system. The hypertree includes a plurality of nodes linked by edges, one or more of the nodes representing cybersecurity incidents, and one or more of the nodes representing elements or artifacts of cybersecurity incidents, the edges representing a specific relationship between the nodes linked by the edges. The computerized system displays an interactive navigation aid to enable a user to navigate the hypertree, and receives a navigation command from the user through the interactive navigation aid. The computerized system modifies the displayed hypertree in response to the navigation command. The navigation command comprises selective elimination or restoration of edges or nodes on the hypertree so as to enable the user to readily visualize interrelationships between the displayed nodes that are significant to a cybersecurity investigation or response.

Abstract: A telecommunication network planning method, system, and computer readable medium support accessing point cloud data and a corresponding image of a location. The point cloud data indicates positions of physical objects visible in the image. A network planning function may be performed. The network planning function may include modifying an outside plant asset object visible in the image, obtaining a metric of an outside plant asset object visible in the image, and adding a virtual outside plant asset to a location. The point cloud data may be associated with the image within an interface that depicts the image to facilitate visualization of the outside plant assets in the surrounding environment.

Abstract: Systems and methods according to various embodiments enable a user to view three-dimensional representations of data objects (“nodes”) within a 3D environment from a first person perspective. The system may be configured to allow the user to interact with the nodes by moving a virtual camera through the 3D environment. The nodes may have one or more attributes that may correspond, respectively, to particular static or dynamic values within the data object's data fields. The attributes may include physical aspects of the nodes, such as color, size, or shape. The system may group related data objects within the 3D environment into clusters that are demarked using one or more cluster designators, which may be in the form of a dome or similar feature that encompasses the related data objects. The system may enable multiple users to access the 3D environment simultaneously, or to record their interactions with the 3D environment.

Abstract: Predictive background updating is disclosed, which takes advantage of a processors' unused capacity to build up live model views in advance. Open model views of the project can be continuously updated in the background. In this manner, changing model views is implemented more rapidly, regardless of the size and complexity of the BIM model, such as when the view updates in the background have finished prior to the change in views.

Abstract: To provide an information output system and an information output method capable of providing appropriate information for the user's current situation. The operation device comprises a state detection section for detecting a posture of the operation device, and a state information transmission section for transmitting state information to a home-use computer based on the state detected by the state detection section. The home-use computer outputs information depending on the state information transmitted by the state information transmission section.

Abstract: An electronic device for extracting a distance of an object and displaying information and a method thereof. The method includes extracting relative distance information of at least two or more objects using a pixel distribution diagram sensed using a sensor of the electronic device and displaying information on an object with a relative value in which the extracted relative distance information and object analysis information are reflected.

Abstract: A rendering method for a plurality of users includes mapping positions of both eyes of a first user and positions of both eyes of a second user to a view area, the view area corresponding to a pixel. The method includes determining a value of the pixel based on the mapped positions of both eyes of the first user and the mapped positions of both eyes of the second user.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for converging IoT technology with a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a 4G system, and a system therefor. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology (e.g. smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars, connected cars, healthcare, digital education, retail business, services related to security and safety, etc.).

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes an image capturing unit, an optical system, and a control unit. The control unit causes the image capturing unit to capture images while moving an in-focus position of the optical system to a plurality of positions to form a plurality of images with different in-focus positions, and causes the image capturing unit to capture images with an aperture set to a depth of field deeper than depths of field for the plurality of images with the different in-focus positions to form a reference image. A combining unit compares the reference image to the plurality of images with the different in-focus positions, and combines images using the plurality of images with the different in-focus positions and the reference image based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: Systems and methods according to various embodiments enable a user to view three-dimensional representations of data objects (“nodes”) within a 3D environment from a first person perspective. The system may be configured to allow the user to interact with the nodes by moving a virtual camera through the 3D environment. The nodes may have one or more attributes that may correspond, respectively, to particular static or dynamic values within the data object's data fields. The attributes may include physical aspects of the nodes, such as color, size, or shape. The system may group related data objects within the 3D environment into clusters that are demarked using one or more cluster designators, which may be in the form of a dome or similar feature that encompasses the related data objects. The system may enable multiple users to access the 3D environment simultaneously, or to record their interactions with the 3D environment.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for facilitating electronic commerce in an augmented reality environment. In some embodiments, a method comprises detecting, by a mobile device, presence of the physical product or the real life service; and presenting, on the mobile device, information to conduct the transaction of a physical product or a real life service via the augmented reality environment. In some embodiments, a method comprises detecting one or more targets in the augmented reality platform using a select area in a perspective of a user, the perspective being captured by a mobile device; and prompting the user to choose an object of interest from the one or more detected targets.

Abstract: An industrial visualization system generates and delivers virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) presentations of industrial facilities to wearable appliances to facilitate remote or enhanced interaction with automation systems within the facility. VR presentations can comprise three-dimensional (3D) holographic views of a plant facility or a location within a plant facility. The system can selectively render a scaled down view that renders the facility as a 3D scale model, or as a first-person view that renders the facility as a full-scale rendition that simulates the user's presence on the plant floor. Camera icons rendered in the VR presentation can be selected to switch to a live video stream generated by 360-degree cameras within the plant. The system can also render workflow presentations that guide users through the process of correcting detected maintenance issues.

Abstract: A novel ray tracing acceleration structure is divided into one central acceleration structure and multiple local acceleration structures, to support intersection tests between incoming rays and scene polygons, while the scene is divided into multiple non uniform cells.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, methods, and a computer system for configuring navigational controls in a geometric environment are disclosed. The method may include obtaining a data set for geometric representation on a display, forming one or more reference surfaces, calculating a fit score and a confidence score using one or more of the reference surfaces, and configuring the navigational system to a control scheme when a computational operation on the fit score and the confidence score is outside of a threshold value. The control scheme may be a geometric control scheme, a planar control scheme, and a roaming control scheme.

Abstract: A subject's head position and motion can be tracked by analyzing a series of frames from a monocular camera and mapping distinguishing points visible in the frames onto an elliptical cylinder. The tracking data can be used to control a physical pan/tilt actuator or to reconfigure/reposition virtual objects, images of which can be synthesized and displayed, or composited back into the original frames and displayed.

Abstract: An exemplary device renders, within a field of view of an immersive virtual reality world (“world”) presented on a display screen, content of the world based on a stream of a first content file comprising a first content sector of the world encoded in a high resolution and a second content sector encoded in a low resolution. The device detects user input to shift additional content included in the second content sector but not the first content sector into the field of view. In response, the device switches from receiving a stream of the first content file to receiving a stream of a second content file comprising the first content sector encoded in the low resolution and the second content sector encoded in the high resolution. The device then renders the additional content from the second content sector in the high resolution based on the second content file.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of and system for measuring a three-dimensional surface are provided. The method includes projecting structured illumination on the surface and acquiring a plurality of sets of images. The sets of images are processed to obtain a plurality of point clouds. A spatial accumulator is defined. A first point cloud of the plurality of point clouds is combined with a second point cloud of the plurality of point clouds into the spatial accumulator. Spatial coordinates of the surface are generated based on the contents of the spatial accumulator.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system provides the ability to process and render a point cloud. The points in the point cloud are grouped into three-dimensional (3D) voxels. A position of each of the points is stored in the point data file. The position is with respect to a location of the point's corresponding 3D voxel. Surface normal data for a surface normal associated with each of the points is also stored in the point data file. The points are organized into levels of details (LODs). The point data file is provided to a graphics processing unit (GPU) that processes the point data file to render the point cloud. During rendering, a LOD is selected to determine the points in the point cloud to render.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first detection section detects the position of a first indicator on the image. A second detection section detects the position of a second indicator on the image. A storage section includes a first storage region corresponding to the first indicator and a second storage region corresponding to the second indicator. The first storage control section stores a first virtual object relating to the first indicator in the first storage region. The second storage control section stores a second virtual object relating to the second indicator in the second storage region. A first pasting section pastes the first virtual object stored in the first storage region to the image according to an operation of the first indicator. A second pasting section pastes the second virtual object stored in the second storage region to the image according to an operation of the second indicator.

Abstract: Systems and method for creating and utilizing a virtual 360-degree view of a telecommunications site include capturing first data of a 360-degree view at multiple points around the telecommunications site; capturing second data of a 360-degree view at aerial points above the telecommunications site; capturing third data of a 360-degree view inside a shelter or cabinet at the telecommunications site, wherein each of the first data, second data, and third data comprise one or more of photos and video; stitching the first data, the second data, and the third data together with links to create a virtual 360-degree view environment of the telecommunications site, wherein the links enable virtual navigation about the telecommunications site; and displaying the virtual 360-degree view environment to a viewer over a network and adjusting the virtual 360-degree view environment based on commands received from the viewer.

Abstract: A video processing system generates and automatically updates videos. A client inputs a smart script that defines general preferences and information to include in a video. The video processing system generates a model of the story from the smart script. A story model comprises story beats that define order and characteristics of information that is presented in a story. The video processing system accesses client content (e.g., video clips, images, and testimonials from a client website) and assigns content items to story beats. The story model and associated content is rendered into a video. The video processing system can then adapt the story model in response to viewer feedback, external events, or other client-supplied parameters. Adapting the story model may include reordering, adding, or removing story beats, or altering parameter values associated with story beat characteristics. Thus, the video processing system can iteratively improve and update a video automatically.

Abstract: Display method and system for converting 2D image into multi-viewpoint image is disclosed, comprising: acquiring and tagging a target object within a 2D image; calculating a depth value according to a frequency component; generating a layered image before viewing from different preset viewpoints; tagging a viewpoint image; estimating before filling a pixel in a blank area of a virtual viewpoint image, based on a depth value difference of the layered image, generating and saving sequentially a single-viewpoint image output, before detecting and filling a blank area in it; detecting before smoothing a sudden change area; assembling to form a synthesized image, processing and sending to a naked-eye 3D display screen for displaying. It converts a 2D image to a multi-viewpoint image, provides a naked-eye 3D display, reduces image distortion, easy and convenient to use, with a low cost.

Abstract: The deformation analysis device includes: a storage unit (12) which stores analysis data of a material; a state variable calculating unit (152) which calculates stresses and other state variables of respective elements of the material at each point in time of deformation of the material, based on the analysis data; a fracture determining unit (153) which, based on the calculated state variables, determines whether or not a fracture has occurred in each of the elements of the material, based on a fracture limit stress curve which is found in advance for the material; and a stress correcting unit (154) which, regarding an element in which it is determined that the fracture has occurred, out of the elements of the material, reduces ? by the following expression ?=(1?D)?? where ? is a stress with a rigidity decrease taken into consideration, D is a damage variable (note that 0?D?1) in continuum damage mechanics, and ?? is a stress with the rigidity decrease not taken into consideration, to thereby decrease rigidi

Abstract: A method for calibrating a triangulation sensor including a light emitting unit for emitting measuring light and a light receiving unit. The light emitting unit is arranged with known position and orientation relative to the light receiving unit and the triangulation sensor which is adapted to provide triangulation-based position measurements. A calibration setup which comprises the triangulation sensor and a calibration target providing a defined calibration pattern, and a calibration measurement is performed with reference to the calibration target by means of the triangulation sensor. An image of the calibration target is captured by means of the light receiving unit, and the captured image is processed with deriving a pattern image position with reference to the inner sensor image coordinate system and deriving a light image position with reference to the inner sensor image coordinate system.

Abstract: A method of generating unrecorded camera views may include receiving a plurality of 2-D video sequences of a subject in a real 3-D space, where each 2-D video sequence may depict the subject from a different perspective. The method may also include generating a 3-D representation of the subject in a virtual 3-D space, where a geometry and texture of the 3-D representation may be generated based on the 2D video sequences, and the motion of the 3-D representation in the virtual 3-D space is based on motion of the subject in the real 3-D space. The method may additionally include generating a 2-D video sequence of the motion of the 3D representation using a virtual camera in the virtual 3-D space where the perspective of the virtual camera may be different than the perspectives of the plurality of 2-D video sequences.

Abstract: Techniques and systems are described for encoding 360-degree video data using the planes of a truncated square pyramid to map the 360-degree data for different fields of view. 360-degree video data can include multiple frames, where each frame includes spherical video data. In various implementations, a video coding system can select a field of view for the video data, and determine an offset from the center of the spherical video data that corresponds to the field of view. Using the offset, the system can determine a projection of the spherical video data onto the planes of the truncated square pyramid, where the base plane represents a front view and the top plane represents a back view. The system can then map the video data according to the projection such that each plane of the truncated square pyramid includes a portion of the spherical video data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to encode and decode normals of geometric representations of surfaces are disclosed herein. An example method includes defining a tile having regions, each of the regions of the tile corresponding with a surface of a geometric shape, arranging an edge of a first instance of the tile to abut an edge of a second instance of the tile to define a composite tile, determining a first vector between a first point on the composite tile in the first instance of the tile, and a second point on the composite tile in the second instance of the tile, and encoding the first vector to determine an approximation of the location of the second point relative to the first point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for positioning a target in a three-dimensional CT image and a CT system for security inspection. The method includes: displaying a three-dimensional CT image; receiving a selection by a user of at least one area of the three-dimensional CT image at a viewing angle; generating at least one set of three-dimensional objects in a depth direction based on the selection; and determining a target object from the set. With the above technical solutions, the user may be facilitated in marking a suspected object in a CT image in a quick manner.

Abstract: A computer program product is tangibly embodied on a computer-readable medium and includes executable code that, when executed, is configured to cause a data processing apparatus to display multiple objects in a single pane, where the multiple objects are visual representations of real objects and the multiple objects are dynamically sized and spaced relative to one another to fit all of the objects in the single pane. The computer program product includes executable code that, when executed, causes the data processing apparatus to display a subset of the objects and associated metadata in an examination frame. The examination frame is sized to fit within the single pane, where the subset of the objects displayed within the examination frame are sized larger than the objects outside of the examination frame.

Abstract: A superimposition device of virtual guiding indication and reality image includes at least an image capturing device, a processor, a graphic processing unit (GPU), and a display device. The image capturing device captures reality image including instant scene. The processor receives the reality image and obtains height variation information. The GPU performs image correction processing on the reality image to obtain corrected image, generates updated transformation matrix according to the height variation information, and performs inverse perspective projection transformation by using the updated transformation matrix to generate bird's-eye view image of the corrected image and superimposes virtual guiding indication on the bird's-eye view image and performs perspective projection transformation on the bird's-eye view image to transform the bird's-eye view image into three-dimensional (3D) navigation image which includes the guiding indication.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, methods, and a computer system for configuring navigational controls in a geometric environment are disclosed. The method may include obtaining a data set for geometric representation on a display, forming one or more reference surfaces, calculating a fit score and a confidence score using one or more of the reference surfaces, and configuring the navigational system to a control scheme when a computational operation on the fit score and the confidence score is outside of a threshold value. The control scheme may be a geometric control scheme, a planar control scheme, and a roaming control scheme.