Abstract: Described herein is a method of enhancing an image includes determining a level of environmental artifacts at a plurality of positions on an image frame of image data. The method also includes adjusting local area processing of the image frame, to generate an adjusted image frame of image data, based on the level of environmental artifacts at each position of the plurality of positions. The method includes displaying the adjusted image frame.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes a solution in which an electronic device configures at least one view window existing in an image frame including a plurality of post-processing areas, identifies a plurality of division areas obtained by dividing the configured view window by the plurality of post-processing areas, obtains a compensation parameter on the basis of the plurality of identified division areas, and processes an image in the view window using the obtained compensation parameter.

Abstract: Color trim data is used in an approximation function to approximate one or more non-linear transformations of image data in an image processing pipeline. The color trim data is derived in one embodiment through a back projection on a colorist system, and the color trim data is used at the time of rendering an image on a display management system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for generating high dynamic range (HDR) content using existing standard dynamic range (SDR) content. HDR content is generated by restoring lost detail in the SDR content using source content from which the SDR content was derived. The HDR content generated from the SDR content also preserves any color characteristics, such as color grading, of the SDR content in conjunction with the restoration of lost detail.

Abstract: Pixel values of image content are lowered in response to setting a display mode so that the lowered pixel values of the first image content are mapped to a first color gamut. The first color gamut is defined by a nominal range space and is lower than a native color gamut of a display panel. The native color gamut is defined by the nominal range space and an extended range space that is outside of the first color gamut. One or more parameters are obtained for the image content in the display mode. A color boosting operation is performed for, from among the lowered pixel values of the image content in the nominal range space, each of first pixel values that meet one of the parameters. A color associated with each of the first pixel values is proportionally enhanced without changing a corresponding hue to utilize the extended range space.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display. The display may include a backlight having an array of locally dimmable light sources. Control circuitry may provide control signals to the backlight to produce light at different brightness levels. When the brightness level is below a threshold, the control circuitry may use pulse-width-modulation control signals to control the light sources in the backlight. When the brightness level is above the brightness threshold, the control circuitry may use analog control signals to control the light sources in the backlight. The control circuitry may adjust the threshold to achieve different dimming ranges for different brightness settings. A low brightness setting, for example, may have a lower threshold and lower dimming range than a high brightness setting, which may help produce darker darks when the display operates in a low brightness setting.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and articles of multi-dynamic range multi-layer video blending with alpha channel sideband for video playback.

Abstract: An automatic gamma curve setting method for the display is provided, which can automatically detect the input image as a grayscale image or a color image, and classify the input image as a grayscale image or a color image according to the image value, and automatically perform the corresponding Gamma curve to provide a diagnostic platform for the user to make a correct judgment through the correct image presentation.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an image processing method, an electronic device and an apparatus having a storage function. The method includes: inputting a to-be-processed image of a source color gamut; converting a pixel value within the to-be-processed image into a coordinate value of a preset color space; determining whether a first color gamut point in the source color gamut is located outside a target color gamut according to the coordinate value; if yes, converting the first color gamut point into a second color gamut point in an outer converting region in the target color gamut. In the above manner, the present disclosure can increase the level of detail of an image after being mapped in different color gamuts.

Abstract: Application of an electric field to nanorods can control their alignment, thus providing techniques for ultra-fast switching and optical modulators, for example those that might serve as display indicators.

Abstract: A pixel in a picture is pre-processed by determining at least one bound for a luma component value of the pixel in a second color space based on a transfer function of a desired linear luminance value of the pixel in a third color space. A luma component value in the second color space is then selected for the pixel within an interval comprising multiple luma component values in the second color space and 5 bounded by the at least one bound. A color of the pixel is represented by the luma component value and two chroma component values in the second color space. The pre-processing enables selection of a suitable luma component value for the pixel in a computationally efficient way by limiting the number of luma component values that are available for the particular pixel.

Abstract: For the mapping in a non-linear color space of source colors belonging to a same constant-hue leaf, instead of using a lightness mapping function based only on a cusp lightness condition stating that a source cusp color of this leaf should be mapped into a corresponding target cusp color of this leaf, it is proposed to build such a function also on other source cusp color(s) and other target cusp color(s) having hues different from that of said leaf. Preferably, the hue interval in which these other colors are considered is representative of the curvature of the non-linear color space at the position of colors of this constant-hue leaf.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus and an image processing method to preferably transmit/receive or display high dynamic range images. In an image transmission system implementation, metadata is transmitted, the metadata storing information such as peak luminance, color gamut and optical-electro transfer or other characteristics of high dynamic range (HDR) content. An image receiving apparatus utilizes the metadata to perform dynamic range conversion using the metadata to adapt its display to display the HDR content.

Abstract: A method and a device for adjusting a display brightness value are provided. The method includes: acquiring a brightness value of a virtual image at an imaging position of an HUD and a brightness value of an environment where the virtual image is located; and adjusting the display brightness value of the HUD in accordance with the brightness value of the environment and the brightness value of the virtual image.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus that reproduces data recorded onto a recording medium, the apparatus including: circuitry configured to convert a color space of an image recorded onto the recording medium, and superimpose a main content image and a sub-content image recorded onto the recording medium, wherein, when a color space of the main content image corresponds to BT.709 format, the circuitry determines to convert color spaces of the sub-content image and the main content image into the same color space, and wherein, when the color space of the main content image corresponds to BT.2020 format, the circuitry determines to not convert the color space of the sub-content image into BT.2020 format.

Abstract: Relatively low dynamic range images or image partitions are converted into relatively high dynamic range images or image partitions that comprise reconstructed pixel values having a higher dynamic range than pixel values of the relatively low dynamic range images. Information relating to reconstructed pixel values of the relatively high dynamic range images and pixel values of the relatively low dynamic range images is collected. Prediction parameters are derived from the collected information. A predicted image or image partition is predicted from a relatively low dynamic range image or image partition based on the prediction parameters and comprises predicted pixel values having the higher dynamic range than pixel values of the relatively low dynamic range image or image partition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display device and a control method therefor, and the objective of the present invention is to display content on a main screen of the display device, enter a magnification mode according to a magnification mode input request received from a remote control, receive, from the remote control, an input for selecting a specific region from the entire region displayed on the main screen, magnify the selected specific region at a predetermined magnification in correspondence with the received selection input, display the magnified specific region on the main screen, and differently display specific information of the magnified specific region on a PIP screen of the main screen according to the predetermined magnification.

Abstract: Techniques are provided to encode and decode image data comprising a tone mapped (TM) image with HDR reconstruction data in the form of luminance ratios and color residual values. In an example embodiment, luminance ratio values and residual values in color channels of a color space are generated on an individual pixel basis based on a high dynamic range (HDR) image and a derivative tone-mapped (TM) image that comprises one or more color alterations that would not be recoverable from the TM image with a luminance ratio image. The TM image with HDR reconstruction data derived from the luminance ratio values and the color-channel residual values may be outputted in an image file to a downstream device, for example, for decoding, rendering, and/or storing. The image file may be decoded to generate a restored HDR image free of the color alterations.

Abstract: An image color processing apparatus to change a luminance dynamic range includes a maximum calculation unit configured to calculate the maximum of at least three components of the input color; a brightness mapper configured to apply a predetermined function to the maximum, yielding an output value, where the function has a constraint that the output value for the highest value of the maximum cannot be higher than 1.0; a scaling parameter calculator configured to calculate a scaling parameter being equal to the output value divided by the maximum; a multiplier configured to multiply the three color components of the input color by the scaling parameter, yielding the color components of the output color; and at least one component multiplier configured to multiply a component of the input color with a weight being a real number yielding a scaled component prior to input of that component in the maximum calculation unit.

Abstract: Computer implemented method for rendering an image of a three-dimensional scene on an image plane by encoding at least a luminosity in the image plane by a luminosity function. The value of the luminosity can be computed at substantially each point of the image plane by using a set of stored input data describing the scene. The method includes constructing the luminosity function as equivalent to a first linear combination involving the functions of a first set of functions, and computing at least the value of the coefficients of the first linear combination, by solving a first linear system, obtained by using at least the functions of the first linear combination, at least a subset of the first subset of the image plane, and the luminosity at the points of said subset. The method further includes storing the value of the coefficients of the first linear combination and at least the information needed to associate each coefficient to the function multiplying said coefficient in the first linear combination.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention disclose a method for displaying image and a display device. In the display panel, 2*2 pixels constitute one repeating group, each repeating group contains two pixels composed of a B sub-pixel and a Y sub-pixel and two pixels composed of a R sub-pixel and a G sub-pixel, and sub-pixels included in neighboring pixels in the horizontal or vertical direction within the repeating group are different, thus compared to the existing arrangement in which three or more sub-pixels constitute one pixel, the number of sub-pixels in each pixel is reduced, enabling the resolution of image displayed to be enhanced under the same fabrication precision.

Abstract: One embodiment, in the form of a method, includes capturing at least one image with an imaging device of a machine vision device. The at least one image is captured within an environment within which the machine vision device is deployed. This method then queries a color scheme model based on the captured at least one image to identify a color scheme to utilize within the machine vision device and may subsequently implement the identified color scheme on the machine vision device for processing images captured by the imaging device.

Abstract: A display device and a method of compensating a luminance of the display device enhance display quality and reducing storage capacity of a memory, the display device including: a display panel including a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form; a storage unit storing a gray level compensation value of a reference pixel defined by at least one pixel; a compensation circuit receiving a gray level datum and generating a compensated gray level datum by applying the gray level compensation value; and a data driving circuit receiving the compensated gray level datum to generate a data voltage and outputting the data voltage to the display panel. The display panel includes a first compensation area and a second compensation area. The reference pixel in the first compensation area is defined by one pixel and the reference pixel in the second compensation area is defined by m×n pixels, m and n being natural numbers greater than 1.

Abstract: A display device (10) includes: an integrated control unit (31) that allows selection from among at least a high-luminance mode and a luminance-unevenness-suppression-preferred mode in accordance with an input instruction; and an unevenness correction unit (36) that performs color unevenness correction for each pixel in both the high-luminance mode and the luminance-unevenness-suppression-preferred mode. In the luminance-unevenness-suppression-preferred mode, the unevenness correction unit (36) performs a pixel value limitation process for uniformly shifting, for each pixel, a pixel value in image data to a lower pixel value to thereby decrease the pixel value to a pixel value lower than that in the high-luminance mode, and thereafter, performs the color unevenness correction. Accordingly, even if the use of the display device varies, image processing that is appropriate for various uses is implemented.

Abstract: A method for regulating brightness and chromaticity of a display panel includes: obtaining original gray-scale data; regulating gray-scales of green, so that brightness values of pixels match a standard gamma curve; matching color coordinates of red and blue using the gray-scales of green; determining a weight coefficient according to a gradation of the gray-scales of green; and calculating and recording color coordinates of target gray-scales of red and blue using the determined weight coefficient.

Abstract: Provided is a color adjustment method for a display apparatus. The color adjustment method includes: measuring first luminance coordinate data indicating a luminance and color coordinates of a color displayed on a display device when image data corresponding to a white point is supplied to a drive circuitry; measuring second luminance coordinate data indicating luminances and color coordinates of colors displayed on the display device when image data corresponding to the white color of intermediate grayscale values are supplied to the drive circuitry; measuring third luminance coordinate data indicating a luminance and color coordinates of a color displayed on the display device for each of R, G and B elementary color points when image data corresponding to each of the R, G and B elementary color points is supplied to the drive circuitry; and calculating correction parameters based on the first to third luminance coordinate data.

Abstract: Techniques are provided to encode and decode image data comprising a tone mapped (TM) image with HDR reconstruction data in the form of luminance ratios and color residual values. In an example embodiment, luminance ratio values and residual values in color channels of a color space are generated on an individual pixel basis based on a high dynamic range (HDR) image and a derivative tone-mapped (TM) image that comprises one or more color alterations that would not be recoverable from the TM image with a luminance ratio image. The TM image with HDR reconstruction data derived from the luminance ratio values and the color-channel residual values may be outputted in an image file to a downstream device, for example, for decoding, rendering, and/or storing. The image file may be decoded to generate a restored HDR image free of the color alterations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates a method to improve overlay mapping of out-of-gamut. The method includes: step 10, converting a RGB digital value to a L*a*b* value of a Lab color space; step 20, determining a hue plane where the color point P located, and further determining values of a hue angle H, a color saturation C, and a brightness L; step 30, determining a reference color point Pi by combing intersections color point PC and color point PS with the color point Lm and a parameter ?; step 40, determining whether the color point P inside or outside a line |LmPi|; and step 50, converting a L*a*b* value into a RGB value in the target gamut. The method to improve the overlay mapping of out-of-gamut according to the present disclosure causes multiple colors to no longer be mapped to the same color point.

Abstract: The electronic camera has an imaging device that images a subject with subject reflectance R (%) with a dynamic range wider than that at displaying or printing to acquire image data and a recording device that converts the image data acquired by the imaging device with a predetermined function and records the converted image data and the information on the function as digital values (digit). Therefore, a printed image with an automatically or manually corrected density can be obtained at the displaying or the printing.

Abstract: A processor for approximating a reshaping function using a multi-segment polynomial receives an input reshaping function. Given a number of target segments (N) and an initial maximum fitting error, in a first pass, it applies a first smoothing filter to the input reshaping function to generate a first smoothed reshaping function. Next, it generates a first multi-segment polynomial approximation of the input reshaping function based on one or more multi-segment polynomial approximation algorithms, the smoothed reshaping function, the number of target segments, and the initial maximum fitting error. The same process may be repeated in two or more similar passes that may include in each pass: reconstructing the reshaping function from the polynomial approximation of the previous pass, smoothing and segmenting the reconstructed reshaping function, and generating an updated multi-segment polynomial approximation according to an updated maximum fitting error.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. Color ambient light sensors may make measurements of ambient light intensity and color through windows in an inactive border region of the display or other portions of the device. The electronic device may process the ambient light measurements based on ambient light information from the ambient light sensors and based on information from additional sensors such as an image sensor, a force sensor, a capacitive touch sensor, a proximity sensor, an orientation sensor, and other devices. Control circuitry in the electronic device may produce reliable ambient light measurements by combining readings from multiple reliable sources and by discarding readings from ambient light sensors that are blocked by a user's fingers or other external objects. Display color cast and intensity may be adjusted based on ambient light information.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices are provided for generating a tone mapping function used in adjusting the power consumed by a backlight of an electronic display. One such method includes sampling an image frame in framebuffer space and generating a tone mapping function in linear space. The tone mapping function may have at least two portions: a nondistorting portion that does not to distort pixels to which it applies when an intensity of a backlight of the electronic display is modified and a distorting portion that does distort pixels to which it applies when the intensity of the backlight is modified. Thereafter, the intensity of the backlight may be modified based at least in part on the nondistorting portion of the tone mapping function, the tone mapping function converted to framebuffer space, and the tone mapping function applied to the image frame or a subsequent image frame.

Abstract: A transparent display device includes a transparent display panel which displays an image, a scan driver which provides a scan signal to the transparent display panel, a data driver which driver converts image data into a data signal based on an applied gamma curve and provides the data signal to the transparent display panel, a timing controller which controls the scan driver and the data driver, and a gamma curve adjuster which adjusts the applied gamma curve based on a reference gamma value of a reference gamma curve, luminance of incident light that enters the transparent display panel, light transmittance of the transparent display panel, and panel-luminance of the transparent display panel.

Abstract: By converting a first color space to a second color space, using a two-dimensional lookup table in said second color space, and converting from said second color space to said first color space, it may be possible to use one or more two-dimensional lookup tables (LUTs) to do a task conventionally handled by three-dimensional lookup tables. This may reduce storage requirements and memory bandwidth requirements in some embodiments. In general a color pixel with N color components can be processed with n number of M dimensional LUT where M<N and n is some chosen positive integer number.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for determining and providing color metadata for a downlink data channel. In accordance with the present invention color metadata is determined such that gamut mapping is defined by a transmitted source gamut which enables adapted mapping that preserves saturation and contrast levels of the source for a downlink data channel. The metadata is then provided to a downlink data channel for color management.

Abstract: Techniques are provided to encode and decode image data comprising a tone mapped (TM) image with HDR reconstruction data in the form of luminance ratios and color residual values. In an example embodiment, luminance ratio values and residual values in color channels of a color space are generated on an individual pixel basis based on a high dynamic range (HDR) image and a derivative tone-mapped (TM) image that comprises one or more color alterations that would not be recoverable from the TM image with a luminance ratio image. The TM image with HDR reconstruction data derived from the luminance ratio values and the color-channel residual values may be outputted in an image file to a downstream device, for example, for decoding, rendering, and/or storing. The image file may be decoded to generate a restored HDR image free of the color alterations.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for transferring data for displaying images at a first resolution to a display panel of a second resolution, the first resolution being higher than the second resolution. The method includes steps of sequentially collecting and storing pixel data into primary caches; sequentially transferring the pixel data stored in the primary caches to a data processing unit; and applying a color mixing process to received pixel data according to a time-sharing operation to generate display data. The method also includes sequentially transferring the display data to secondary caches and repeating the steps until pixel data for a row of pixel structures corresponding to the first resolution are processed and stored in the secondary caches as display data, and transferring the display data to a row of pixel structures corresponding to the second resolution.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving efficiency in three-dimensional (3D) look-up table (LUT) coding and/or reducing table size of a 3D LUT may be provided. For example, octants associated with the 3D LUT may be provided for color space segmentation and coding may be performed on an octree associated with the octants where coding may include encoding nodes of the octree associated with the octants and corresponding vertices of the 3D LUT belonging to the nodes. Conversion parameters represented by the nodes are lossy coded with reduced precision. The 3D LUT may also be signaled (e.g., based on a sequence and/or picture level).

Abstract: A terminal apparatus includes: a buffer memory that stores rendering data displayed on a display device; and a processor that acquires, according to scroll operation of the display device, rendering data including a connection portion, which is connected to a residual portion displayed in a moving destination region on a screen after the scroll operation from a screen before the scroll operation and is displayed, stores, in the buffer memory for storing the rendering data including the moving destination region and the connection portion, the rendering data of the residual portion and the rendering data including the connection portion, and outputs, in response to update of a display position of the rendering data stored in the buffer memory, the rendering data, the display position of which is updated, to the display device after the scroll operation.

Abstract: A display panel driver includes an image data generator, a brightness correction circuit performing a correction calculation on image data, a drive section driving the display panel in response to corrected image data; and a display timing generator outputting a timing control signal. The correction calculation by the brightness correction circuit is adjustable. When the display panel driver is placed into a test mode, the display timing generator is configured to output an internally-generated timing control signal and the image data generator outputs internally-generated evaluation image data. The evaluation image data are generated so that the evaluation images are switched from one to another in response to the internally-generated timing control signal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of RGBW compensation based on color aberrations of white subpixel and an apparatus thereof: when aberrations exist between a color coordinate point Ws of white subpixel and a standard white color coordinate point Wd under sRGB, analyzing color coordinates of every subpixel on the RGBW panel, and then dividing a triangle with vertices points Rs, Gs and Bs into three triangle regions based on Ws as the center point; based on ranges of the three triangle regions, a triangle region where Wd is located is confirmed; a first data is calibrated by performing compensating the white subpixel corresponding by the center point Ws via a predetermined normalized proportion through two subpixels corresponding to the other two points within the triangle region surrounding and locating Wd. Through the aforementioned manner, the present invention is capable of calibrating aberrations of white subpixels in order to normalize images of RGBW panels.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel; and a display panel driver driving the display panel. The display panel driver includes: a processing circuit configured to perform digital arithmetic processing on R, G and B grayscale values of input image data to calculate R, G and B grayscale values of output image data, respectively, and a control point data generation circuit configured to: generate first control point data indicating the shape of a desired gamma curve; calculate Re, G and B control point data indicating input-output curves of digital arithmetic processing performed on the R, G and B grayscale values of the input image data by correcting the first control point data in response to the input image data. The processing circuit is configured to calculate the R, G and B grayscale values of the output image data in response to the R, G and B control point data.

Abstract: System and method of calibration, screening, and compensation for multiple gray-level digital presses. Unequal quantization of the input range is employed with compensated overlapping of sub-ranges. Multiple instances of bi-level screening algorithms, tone modification functions, and a recombination algorithm are employed to produce calibrated screening on individual tone ranges. The method works with any bi-level screening algorithm and devices with any number of gray-levels. Quality imaging results from high detail, high tonal accuracy, low screening noise, and lack of printed artifacts. Dynamic re-calibration is facilitated. The elimination of the constraint of evenly spaced gray-levels has advantages of cost and yield for print head fabricators and digital press manufacturers. Multiple implementations are given for hardware and software embodiments.

Abstract: Methods to reduce chroma-related artifacts during video coding of high dynamic range images are presented. Given an input signal in a color space comprising a luma component and two chromaticity components, a processor determines the original white point chromaticity coordinates (Du, Dv) of a white point in the color space of the input signal. The input signal is translated using a chromaticity translation function to a second signal in a translated color space comprising two translated chromaticity components, wherein the chromaticity translation function shifts the original white point chromaticity coordinates to a predetermined second set of coordinates in the translated chromaticity color space. The second signal is encoded to generate a coded bit stream.

Abstract: Video data with enhanced dynamic range (EDR) are color graded for a first and a second reference display with different dynamic range characteristics to generate a first color-graded output, a second color graded output, and associated first and second sets of metadata. The first color-graded output and the two sets of metadata are transmitted from an encoder to a decoder to be displayed on a target display which may be different than the second reference display. At the receiver, a decoder interpolates between the first and second set of metadata to generate a third set of metadata which drives the display management process for displaying the received video data onto the target display. The second set of metadata of metadata may be represented as delta metadata values from the first set of metadata values.

Abstract: A data processing device includes a first reference value generator which generates a first reference value corresponding to a ratio of a chromatic color using image signals or first image signals obtained by gamma-compensating the image signals, a white generator which generates a white image signal and second image signals using the first image signals and a second reference value corresponding to an amount of a white data in use, a third reference value generator which generates a third reference value using a first color coordinate corresponding to a color coordinate of the second image signals, a second color coordinate corresponding to a color coordinate of the white image signal, the first reference value, and the second reference value, and a gamut mapper which maps the second image signals to a color coordinate corresponding to the third reference value to generate third image signals.

Abstract: Content aware cropping techniques are described in which a combined crop and fill operation may be performed in one-step using an automated workflow. In one or more implementations, an image is exposed for editing in a user interface and input is obtained that indicates a position for a crop frame to select a portion of the image. The crop frame may be employed as a basis for a combined crop and fill operation that is initiated by a single input or trigger that causes a sequence of actions to automatically crop the image, recognize portions of empty pixels to fill, apply a content aware fill algorithm, and produce a resulting output image. In one or more implementations, a size of the crop frame may be controlled to maintain at least one of image size, aspect ratio, or pixel resolution.

Abstract: In a digital camera system, traditional input color transformations of raw data using a 3×3 matrix are replaced by two-dimensional lookup (2-D LUTs) tables that better approximate spectral reflectance characteristics. Chromaticity-like signals and an input scale factor are generated in response to raw sensor output values. The chromaticity signals and the input scale factor are mapped via 2-D LUTs into preliminary output signals and an output scaling factor. A final set of output color signals is generated in response to the preliminary output signals and the output scale factor. The 2-D LUTs are designed in response to spectral response curves generated on both the input and output side of the color transformation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an image processing method includes steps of measuring stimulus value matrixes of trichromatic grays of a displaying image; calculating a stimulus value matrix of each pixel gray of the displaying image from the measured stimulus value matrixes; transforming the stimulus value matrixes of each pixel gray to coordinate values of each pixel in a color space; calculating a chromatic aberration between two adjacent pixels of each row and each column in the color space; selecting a pixel area and calculating a chromatic aberration value of the pixels in the selected pixel area and a chromatic aberration value between pixels of a periphery of the selected pixel area and the adjacent pixels out of the selected pixel area; executing an image process to the selected pixel area if a difference between these two chromatic aberration values and a preset chromatic aberration threshold value meets a predetermined rule.

Abstract: A method and related CAD system and computer readable medium. A method includes loading an object model in a CAD system, the object model including a plurality of parts each of which may contain one or more shapes which in turn are composed of multiple polygons. The method includes adding the shapes to a spatial tree, the shapes each corresponding to at least one cell, each cell corresponding to a spatial region of the object model. The method also includes, for each cell that is too complex to process within a memory space of the CAD system, subdividing the cell into a plurality of subcells using a first subdivision process. The method also includes subdividing each cell into a plurality of subcells using a multi-threaded subdivision process, and combining the subcells into the spatial tree.