Abstract: An image forming apparatus capable of executing a single-sided recording mode in which an image is recorded on one side of a recording medium and a double-sided recording mode in which an image is recorded on both sides of the recording medium, the image forming apparatus includes: a first temperature adjustment device that adjusts a temperature of the recording medium; an inkjet head that ejects ink onto a surface of the recording medium; a reverse unit that reverses front and back surfaces of the recording medium by switching a conveying direction of the recording medium when the double-sided recording mode is executed; a second temperature adjustment device that controls the temperature of the recording medium in which the front and back surfaces are reversed; and a control device that controls at least one of the first and second temperature adjustment devices.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting device includes an ejecting head configured to eject liquid to a medium, a conveyance belt including an adhesive layer to which the medium is bondable, the conveyance belt being configured to convey the medium with the adhesive layer, a heating unit configured to heat the conveyance belt, a pressing unit configured to press the medium against the conveyance belt heated by the heating unit, a channel member configured to define a channel of the liquid to be supplied to the ejecting head, an airflow generation unit configured to generate airflow to be jetted to the conveyance belt past the pressing unit, and a heat exchange mechanism configured to exchange heat between a heat absorption unit configured to absorb heat and a heat dissipation unit configured to emit heat. The heat dissipation unit makes contact with the channel member, and the heat absorption unit is disposed in a course of an airway path through which the airflow moves.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a liquid ejecting head that ejects a printing liquid to form an image on a medium, a circuit board provided with a drive circuit for driving the liquid ejecting head, and a storage mechanism for storing a cooling liquid in a liquid storage space. The storage mechanism stores the cooling liquid in the liquid storage space in which all of the drive circuit and a circuit arrangement portion of the circuit board are immersed in the cooling liquid. The circuit arrangement portion of the circuit board is provided with the drive circuit.

Abstract: An example device may comprise a molded structure and a dependent device coupled to the molded structure. The molded structure comprises thermo-electric traces and channels. The channels are between ten ?m and two hundred ?m, or less in one dimension. The dependent device comprises apertures corresponding to the channels and through which fluids, electromagnetic radiation, or a combination thereof is to travel. The dependent device also comprises contacts corresponding to the thermo-electric traces of the molded structure.

Abstract: An inkjet recording apparatus includes a conveying portion, a recording portion including a line head including a plurality of recording heads, a temperature detecting portion, a cooling mechanism, and a control portion. The cooling mechanism includes a storing portion that stores cooling liquid, a circulation path of the cooling liquid that is arranged to be branched into a plurality of branch paths passing near the recording heads, a heat dissipating portion that dissipates heat of the cooling liquid, and a pump that causes the cooling liquid to circulate. If there exists, among the recording heads, a recording head that is predicted to undergo a temperature rise, the control portion increases a flow amount or circulation time of the cooling liquid in whichever of the branch paths serves as a flow path of the cooling liquid flowing toward the recording head that is predicted to undergo a temperature rise.

Abstract: There are provided a substrate on which a first integrated circuit, a first transistor, a second integrated circuit, and a second transistor are disposed; a heat sink fixed to the substrate; a first heat conductive elastic body which is in contact with the heat sink and the first integrated circuit; a second heat conductive elastic body which is in contact with the heat sink and the first transistor; a third heat conductive elastic body which is in contact with the heat sink and the second integrated circuit; and a fourth heat conductive elastic body which is in contact with the heat sink and the second transistor, the heat sink has a first recess portion positioned between the first heat conductive elastic body and the second heat conductive elastic body, and a second recess portion positioned between the third heat conductive elastic body and the fourth heat conductive elastic body.

Abstract: A printing apparatus according to an embodiment may include: a printing device; a cooling device; an environmental value detector configured to detect an environmental value in or around the printing apparatus; an environmental value storage storing the environmental value detected by the environmental value detector before a current printing operation starts; and a print controller configured, in response to starting the current printing operation, to select one of the environmental value stored in the environmental value storage before the start of the current printing operation and an environmental value detected by the environmental value detector after a start of cooling the printing device by the cooling device in the current printing operation, calculate, based on the selected environmental value, a parameter for the printing device to perform the current printing operation, and cause the printing device to perform the current printing operation based on the calculated parameter.

Abstract: There is provided a head unit including: a substrate on which a first driving circuit is disposed; a heat sink fixed to the substrate; and heat conductive elastic bodies positioned between the substrate and the heat sink, in which the first driving circuit includes a first integrated circuit, a first amplifier circuit including a first transistor, and a first smoothing circuit that outputs the first driving signal, in which a first heat conductive elastic body is in contact with the heat sink and the first integrated circuit, a second heat conductive elastic body is in contact with the heat sink and the first transistor, and the first heat conductive elastic body and the second heat conductive elastic body are in a form of a gel having flame retardancy and electric insulation property.

Abstract: A nozzle plate includes, on a substrate: at least a base layer; an intermediate layer; and a liquid repellent layer. The base layer contains a silane coupling agent A having reactive functional groups at both terminals and including a hydrocarbon chain and a benzene ring at an intermediate part. The intermediate layer contains an inorganic oxide. The liquid repellent layer contains a fluorine (F)-containing coupling agent B.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an engineered stone, the method including: providing a mixture comprising at least a stone or stone like material and a binder; compacting the mixture; curing the binder; and further comprising printing a printed pattern on at least a top surface of the engineered stone.

Abstract: A fluid cartridge having a plastic fluid body, a bottom wall having a fluid supply opening therein. A metal insert is adhesively attached to the bottom wall. The metal insert has a fluid supply slot therein corresponding to the fluid supply opening in the bottom wall, a die bond surface adjacent to the fluid supply slot for adhesively attaching an ejection head chip thereto, and a plurality of air vents adjacent to the die bond surface. An ejection head chip is adhesively attached to the die bond surface of the metal insert.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a printer apparatus including a thermoelectric cooling assembly and a processor coupled to the thermoelectric cooling assembly. The thermoelectric cooling assembly includes a thermoelectric cooling element that includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a first plurality of semiconductor elements electrically coupled to a second plurality of semiconductor elements in a space between the first substrate and the second substrate. The thermoelectric cooling element includes a base plate electrically coupled to the first substrate. The base plate is positioned proximate to a plurality of labels traversing above the thermoelectric cooling assembly.

Abstract: At times, devices, such as semiconductor devices, may be attached to molded structures. The molded structure may have through holes or channels through which fluids and gasses (among other things) may travel, A number of processes exist for creating molded structures with through holes or channels. For instance, build up processes, such as lithography on dry film, may be used to create molded structures with through holes or channels. Substrate bonding and/or welding may also be used to yield molded structures with through holes or channels.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a housing, a holder configured to hold a medium, a heater configured to heat the medium held by the holder, and a liquid discharge head configured to discharge a liquid onto the medium held by the holder. The holder has a flat holding surface on which the medium is placed flat, the holder is movable in the housing in a direction parallel to the flat holding surface and in a vertical direction, and the heater is disposed inside the housing within a movable region of the holder in which the holder is movable in the direction parallel to the flat holding surface in a view from the vertical direction.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of nozzles from which a liquid is discharged in a discharge direction, a plurality of individual chambers communicating with the plurality of nozzles, respectively, a common chamber communicating with each of the plurality of individual chambers, a drive element configured to change a volume of each of the plurality of individual chambers to discharge the liquid in the plurality of individual chambers from the plurality of nozzles, and a refrigerant channel through which a refrigerant flows, the refrigerant channel facing the common chamber via a partition in the discharge direction.

Abstract: A liquid output apparatus includes a plurality of liquid output heads and a maintenance assembly. The plurality of liquid output heads is arranged in a staggered arrangement. The maintenance assembly is configured to perform maintenance on the plurality of liquid output heads in different rows in a set.

Abstract: A method and a device as provided for printing a large surface which is situated, in particular, on a substrate which cannot be fed to a printing device. The method is distinguished by the fact that the perpendicular spacing Azo of a reference point of the device at a plurality of points which are distributed over the printing web from the surface to be printed is determined in each case at the points which are distributed over the printing web, and the perpendicular spacing Az of the print head from the surface to be printed is set in accordance with a previously recorded measured value. Here, the plurality of points can be distributed uniformly over the length of the printing web. The device for carrying out the method has a measuring device for contactless measurement of the spacing between a reference point of the device and the surface to be printed.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of pressure generating elements configured to generate pressure to discharge a liquid, a plurality of wirings configured to transmit a drive signal to the plurality of pressure generating elements, respectively, a plurality of integrated circuits configured to drive the plurality of pressure generating elements, respectively, the plurality of integrated circuits being provided on the plurality of wirings, respectively, and a heat sink configured to contact the plurality of integrated circuits to dissipate heat in the plurality of integrated circuits. The heat sink includes a first dissipation part that directly contacts one of the plurality of integrated circuits, and a second dissipating part that contacts another of the plurality of integrated circuits via one of the plurality of wirings.

Abstract: The liquid discharge head is configured to switch between a first mode in which the liquid supplied into the common liquid chamber is discharged through the individual flow channel from the outlet and a second mode in which the liquid supplied into the common liquid chamber is discharged from the outlet without passing through the individual flow channel.

Abstract: A fluid ejection device may include a fluid ejection die embedded in a moldable material, a number of fluid recirculation pumps within the fluid ejection die to recirculate fluid within a number of firing chambers of the fluid ejection die, and a number of heat exchangers thermally coupled to a fluid channel side of the fluid ejection die.

Abstract: A three-dimensional object printing system comprises a ejectors configured to eject drops of material towards a platen, a heater, a sensor configured to sense temperature of the ejected material, a radiator configured to direct radiation to the ejected material, a cooler configured to cool the ejected material, and a controller operatively connected to the ejectors, heater, sensor radiator and cooler. The controller is configured to control the ejectors to form layers of material for a three-dimensional object on the surface of the platen with reference to image data of the three-dimensional object, to operate the heater to heat the surface of the platen, to compare a temperature signal received from the sensor to a predetermined threshold, to operate the radiator to radiate the object layers, and to operate the cooler to attenuate heat produced by the radiated material in response to the signal from sensor exceeding the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A head unit has: a first member in which a pressure chamber that stores a liquid to be discharged from a nozzle is formed; a piezoelectric element disposed on the first member and configured to deform in response to a driving signal; a first substrate disposed on the first member so as to cover the piezoelectric element; an integrated circuit disposed on the first substrate, and configured to supply the driving signal to the piezoelectric element; a second member disposed on the first member, and the second member including a holding chamber configured to hold the liquid, and a heat dissipation opening configured to dissipate heat of the integrated circuit; and a third member formed from a metal, the third member being disposed on the second member. The heat dissipation opening is located between the integrated circuit and the third member.

Abstract: A recording device includes a recording head housed in a carriage, and for discharging a droplet on an obverse surface of a medium to perform recording on the medium, a support section having a support surface for supporting a reverse surface of the medium, and a heater for heating the droplet adhered to the obverse surface of the medium. The carriage is provided with a collection section capable of collecting steam generated when the droplet is heated by the heater. The recording head includes a nozzle cover provided with a plurality of holes for discharging the droplet. The nozzle cover includes a nozzle surface opposed to the support surface The collection section is formed of a material higher in hydrophilic property than the nozzle surface.

Abstract: A method of connecting a cartridge comprising a fluid composition with a microfluidic delivery system is provided. The method includes the steps of: providing a housing comprising electrical contacts, wherein the electrical contacts of the housing are disposed on a first plane; providing a cartridge comprising a reservoir for containing a fluid composition, a die comprising a nozzle, and electrical contacts that are in electrical communication with the die, wherein the electrical contacts of the cartridge are disposed along a second plane that is parallel with the first plane; and connecting the cartridge with the housing by moving the cartridge in a direction parallel with the second plane toward the housing until the electrical contacts of the cartridge are in electrical communication with the electrical contacts of the housing.

Abstract: A fluid ejection device may include a fluid ejection die embedded in a moldable material, and a number of heat exchangers thermally coupled to an ejection side of the fluid ejection die. Further, the fluid ejection device may include a number of cooling channels defined in the moldable material thermally coupled to the heat exchangers.

Abstract: A head unit includes: a head module having a nozzle surface; a casing; a first connector having a first communication opening; a second connector having a second communication opening; a first liquid-passage tube connected to the first communication opening; first and second branch-liquid-passage tubes connected to the first liquid-passage tube; a first tube joint connecting the first liquid-passage tube to the first and second branch-liquid-passage tubes; a second liquid-passage tube connected to the second communication opening; third and fourth branch-liquid-passage tubes connected to the second liquid-passage tube; and a second tube joint connecting the second liquid-passage tube to the third and fourth branch-liquid-passage tubes. The first tube joint is disposed between the second connector and the second tube joint when viewed in a direction parallel with the nozzle surface.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a carriage unit which is provided with a liquid ejecting head, a liquid storage container which is storing a liquid, a tube which is connected to the carriage unit and which supplies the liquid which is fed from the liquid storage container to the carriage unit, a first driven roller which is provided on a downstream of the liquid ejecting head and which comes into contact with a surface of the medium which faces the liquid ejecting head, and a tube support surface which is positioned closer to a bottom side than the carriage unit in a vertical direction, and supports the tube, in which the tube support surface is at a position which is deviated from the first driven roller in the transport direction of the medium and falls within a height range of the first driven roller in the vertical direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ink-jet printing method that is capable of obtaining good printed materials that are free of occurrence of color migration and deformation of a printing medium even when printed on a resin printing medium. The present invention provides an ink-jet printing method using a water-based ink containing a black ink, a chromatic ink and a white ink which each contain a pigment (A), an organic solvent (C) having a boiling point of not lower than 90° C. and lower than 250° C.

Abstract: A liquid jetting apparatus includes: a liquid jetting module having drive elements; a wiring member including: a base material having a first surface; wirings formed on the first surface of the base material; and a protective film configured to covers the first surface of the base material and the wirings; and a heat sink. One of the protective film and the base material, of the wiring member, is formed with an opening through which at least some of the wirings are partially exposed, the wirings of the wiring member are electrically connected to terminals of the drive elements, and the heat sink is joined to the at least some of the wirings via the opening of the wiring member.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer body is efficiently heated, and thus, transfer properties of an image and durability of the intermediate transfer body are ensured. A heating unit heats the intermediate transfer body by using a plurality of heating sources which are positioned by being shifted, with respect to a rotation direction of the intermediate transfer body. The plurality of heating sources includes a first heating source and a second heating source. A degree of heating the intermediate transfer body by the second heating source is greater than a degree of heating the intermediate transfer body by the first heating source. The second heating source is positioned on an upstream side, with respect to the rotation direction of the intermediate transfer body, from the first heating source.

Abstract: A liquid ejection apparatus includes a supply control section that controls the supply and stop of a liquid to pressure chambers communicating with ejection ports to eject the liquid, and a negative pressure generating section that generates a negative pressure. The liquid ejection apparatus also includes a negative pressure control unit using the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure generating section to adjust the pressure of the liquid flowing through a collection channel. To stop a flow of the liquid, the supply control section stops the supply of the liquid, and then the negative pressure generating section is stopped.

Abstract: A print bar comprises a mounting assembly and a plurality of drop-on-demand inkjet print modules mounted to the mounting assembly. The modules comprise conduits for continuously circulating ink. Each of the modules comprises a drop-on-demand inkjet print head and a local element for controlling the ink pressure, assigned to the print head. The print bar further comprises control circuitry assigned to the print heads of the modules for controlling the local elements for controlling the ink pressure and ink release by the print head. An optimum printing result at high frequency may be obtained from every print head as the ink delivered to the print head is locally brought to a desired pressure. A modular buildup is achieved, which means that new printers may be easily designed and built from a comparably small number of components to be held available. Maintenance is similarly facilitated. Scalability is excellent.

Abstract: A drive signal generator of an inkjet printer includes a first electronic component that generates a greater amount of heat than a second electronic component. A heat sink includes wall members and first and second ends. The wall members include first and second wall members having an outer wall. The heat sink has a tubular shape defined by the wall members and is open at the first and second ends. A portion of a cooling fan faces the first end of the heat sink, and another portion of the cooling fan protrudes at least from the first end toward the first wall member. The first electronic component is in contact with the outer wall of the first wall member, and the second electronic component is in contact with the outer wall of the second wall member.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is provided in which heat of a heat sink is less apt to transfer to a head body. The liquid discharge head includes a head body having a discharge hole for discharging a liquid therethrough, a driver IC configured to control driving of the head body, a casing which is disposed on the head body and has openings on a side surface of the casing, and a heat sink which is disposed on the openings of the casing and configured to dissipate heat generated in the driver IC, and a thermal insulation part disposed between the heat sink and the head body. This makes it possible to reduce the likelihood that the heat of the heat sink transfers to the head body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a print system, such as an ink jet printer, which performs printing on a medium, such as a sheet that is transported.

Abstract: There is provided an ink-jet printer including a conveyer, a recording head, a carriage, an ink receiver and a controller. The controller executes: receiving a recording instruction; determining an ink amount to be jetted in a flushing process; moving the carriage in a first orientation up to a returning position corresponding to the ink amount; moving the carriage in a second orientation opposite to the first orientation from the returning position to a sheet facing area; executing a flushing processing; and executing recording. The returning position is located at a first position downstream from the sheet facing area in the first orientation, under a condition that the determined ink amount is less than a threshold value; and the returning position is located at a second position downstream from the first position in the first orientation, under a condition that the determined ink amount is not less than the threshold value.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes an ink ejecting head which ejects an ultraviolet curing ink, a supply flow path and a circulation outgoing path in which the ultraviolet curing ink which is supplied from an ink cartridge which stores the ultraviolet curing ink to the ink ejecting head flows, a circulation pump which is provided in the circulation outgoing path and emits heat, and a gas supplying module which is provided closer to an upstream side than the circulation pump in the supply flow path and the circulation outgoing path and supplies air to the ultraviolet curing ink which flows in the supply flow path.

Abstract: A first substrate including a plurality of supply ports through which a liquid is supplied to a position of an electrothermal conversion element and a second substrate including a common liquid supply chamber from which the liquid is supplied to the plurality of supply ports are coupled together with an intermediate layer therebetween. The intermediate layer includes a first region and a second region having lower thermal conductivity than the first region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a print system, such as an ink jet printer, which performs printing on a medium, such as a sheet that is transported.

Abstract: An ink jet apparatus includes: a head that discharges liquid; a circuit substrate that has a drive circuit for driving the head; a heat sink which has a part that is in direct or indirect contact with the circuit substrate and is able to dissipate heat generated in the circuit substrate; and a fan that generates air flow capable of cooling the heat sink. The heat sink is configured such that the air flow is not directly blown against the drive circuit and such that the air flow having changed a direction after blown against the heat sink is not blown against the drive circuit.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection head including: a plurality of recording element substrates including energy generating elements that generate ejection energy for ejecting liquid from ejection orifices; a first support member that supports the plurality of recording element substrates such that the recording element substrates are arranged in one or more lines on a main surface of the first support member; and a second support member that supports the first support member on a surface opposite to the main surface. A first thermal resistance concerning an in-plane direction parallel to the main surface, of a region between the recording element substrates in the first support member is higher than a second thermal resistance concerning a thickness direction of the second support member, of a projection region that overlaps with each recording element substrate in the second support member.

Abstract: A printhead assembly for an inkjet printer has a ink filter tower portion that contains filtered ink and includes multiple, substantially parallel extending elements. Settling of ink in an ink filter tower could clog the printhead nozzles and lessen the print quality. Therefore, in order to prevent the settling of the ink in the ink filter tower of the present design, a free-floating weighted slider is installed within the ink filter tower. The weighted slider has a top bridging member and downward-pointing shafts that are movable within trenches formed between the extending elements. During a reciprocating motion of the printhead assembly, the slider moves in a direction opposite to the direction of the printhead assembly and thereby agitates the ink within the tower. In addition to sliding from side to side of the printhead assembly, the slider may also be designed to pivot about an upper axis as it moves to further agitate the ink.

Abstract: A microfluidic refill includes a reservoir having a hollow body and an opening; a transport member in fluid communication with the reservoir; and a lid enclosing the opening of the reservoir. The lid is in fluid communication with the transport member. The lid comprises a rigid microfluidic delivery member. The rigid microfluidic delivery member includes a die and electrical traces that are in electrical communication with the die, wherein the electrical traces terminate at electrical contacts, wherein the electrical traces are disposed on only one plane. The die has a fluid chamber in fluid communication with the transport member at an inlet of the fluid chamber and with an orifice at an outlet of the fluid chamber and.

Abstract: A print head mounting assembly for mounting and positioning an inkjet print head on a print head support structure includes a first clamping mechanism for clamping the inkjet print head in a first direction and a second clamping mechanism for clamping the inkjet print head in a second direction, the second direction being substantially perpendicular to the first direction. In order to ease adjustment of the position of the print head, the second clamping mechanism includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the print head in the second direction and a release mechanism for releasing the first clamping mechanism, the release mechanism being arranged that the release mechanism is to be operated for operating the adjustment mechanism.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid discharge apparatus including: driving elements; a first member including a first trace and a first IC connected to ones of the plurality of driving elements; a second member including a second trace and a second IC connected to other ones of the driving elements; and a metallic member arranged on one side with respect to the plurality of driving elements in a second direction orthogonal to the liquid discharge surface, the metallic member including: a body portion extending in the first direction while straddling over the driving elements, a first projection projected from the body portion toward the liquid discharge surface; and a second projection projected from the body portion toward the liquid discharge surface, wherein the first IC is supported by the first projection and the second IC is supported by the second projection.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a plurality of recording element substrates that each include an energy generating element generating energy utilized for ejecting a liquid and that each have a supply port through which the liquid is supplied to the energy generating element, a plurality of support members that each have a flow passage communicating with a corresponding one of the supply ports and that each support a corresponding one of the plurality of recording element substrates, a base substrate that supports the plurality of support members, and a heat insulating member disposed between the flow passages and the base substrate. In the liquid ejection head, a thermal conductivity of the support members is equal to or greater than a thermal conductivity of the recording element substrates, and a thermal conductivity of the heat insulating member is less than a thermal conductivity of the base substrate.

Abstract: A first part of liquid holders includes at least one liquid holder provided at the first casing. A second part of liquid holders includes at least one liquid holder provided at the second casing. Each of a plurality of flexible tubes has one end and another end. The one end is connected to the first part of the liquid holders. The other end is connected to the second part of the liquid holders. A first supporting section is provided at the first casing and supports the tubes. A second supporting section is provided at the second casing and supports the tubes. A third supporting section supports the tubes at a position between the first supporting section and the second supporting section in such a manner that the tubes are arranged in a direction parallel to a pivotal axis.

Abstract: A liquid ejection apparatus includes a tank; a liquid ejection head; and a casing configured to integrally cover the tank and the liquid ejection head. The tank includes a container portion configured to contain a liquid, an air introducing path arranged to introduce the air into the container portion, an inlet port configured to pour the liquid into the container portion, and an outlet port formed to supply the liquid into the liquid ejection head. In an attitude that the liquid is ejectable from the liquid ejection head, the liquid is contained in the container portion such that a liquid level of the liquid in the container portion is located at a higher position than a nozzle of the liquid ejection head in a vertical direction. In the attitude that the liquid is ejectable from the liquid election head, the inlet port is covered by the casing.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a substrate, a heat resistor layer, and a side wall member that forms a side wall of a pressure chamber. The heat resistor layer has a heat effect portion configured to foam liquid in an interior of the pressure chamber to discharge liquid from a discharge port. The heat effect portion is apart from the substrate, at least part of a surface of the heat resistor layer is covered with a covering layer in the interior of the pressure chamber, and the covering layer extends from the interior of the pressure chamber to a position coming into contact with the side wall of the side wall member.

Abstract: A first part of liquid holders includes at least one liquid holder provided at the first casing. A second part of liquid holders includes at least one liquid holder provided at the second casing. Each of a plurality of flexible tubes has one end and another end. The one end is connected to the first part of the liquid holders. The other end is connected to the second part of the liquid holders. A first supporting section is provided at the first casing and supports the tubes. A second supporting section is provided at the second casing and supports the tubes. A third supporting section supports the tubes at a position between the first supporting section and the second supporting section in such a manner that the tubes are arranged in a direction parallel to a pivotal axis.