Abstract: In a writing head for forming an electrostatic latent image on a cylindrical image carrier, a plurality of writing electrodes are arranged on a first face of a film substrate in a first direction parallel with an axial direction of the image carrier. The writing electrodes are adapted to be abutted against an outer periphery of the image carrier to provide electric charges thereto. A first wiring member are arranged on the first face of the film substrate to supply signals from a first electrode driver to a first electrode group in the writing electrodes. A second writing member are arranged on a second face of the film substrate to supply signals from a second electrode driver to the second electrode group in the writing electrodes.

Abstract: A thermal printhead is disclosed which prevents an undesired color from being generated around the periphery of a desired color, even when a two-color thermo-sensitive paper is used as the recording medium. A plurality of variable electric potential regions are formed on top of a heating resistor. Each region is disposed between two adjacent projections, and has an individual electrode that intersects therewith. The variable electric potential regions generate colors due to electric potential differences that are produced between a common electrode and individual electrodes. The width of each variable electric potential region corresponds to one dot, and is set such that the temperature of the entire region is substantially uniform when heated. A plurality of fixed electric potential regions are formed on top of the heating resistor, and each region has a fixed electric potential even when an electric potential difference is produced between the common electrode and the individual electrodes.

Abstract: An electro-thermosensitive transfer printer is provided with a gravure endless ribbon including a conductive thin film belt having a large number of gravure cells on its right side and an electric resistor layer laminated on its back side; and a resistive ribbon thermal print head including an electric insulating plate body coming into contact with the surface of the electric resistor layer, a heat-radiating plate embedded in the plate body, sliding along the surface of the electric resistor layer, and a large number of signal electrodes embedded in the plate body, sliding along the surface of the electric resistor layer. The signal electrodes are arrayed so that each of them is opposite to each of the gravure cells.

Abstract: A thermal head has a head chip having an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface. Heating elements are disposed on the upper surface of the head chip, and electrodes are disposed on the upper surface of the head chip and connected to the heating elements. A wiring substrate is disposed on the lower surface of the head chip. A semiconductor integrated circuit is mounted on the wiring substrate and is in contact with the side surface of the head chip and connected to the electrodes.

Abstract: A master making device includes a thermal head with heat generating elements and a platen roller. While the head and platen roller convey a thermosensitive medium in a subscanning direction perpendicular to a main scanning direction, the heat generating elements selectively generate heat in order to perforate the medium in accordance with an image signal. The head includes a stepped portion formed at a medium outlet side in the subscanning direction. The edges of the heat generating elements adjoining the medium outside side are located at a distance of 0.018 mm to 0.5 mm from the end of the stepped portion adjoining the above edges. It is not necessary to position the head with respect to an effective nip between it and the platen roller by a troublesome procedure. Further, the distance over which the perforated medium is conveyed is reduced to obviate the reduction or contraction of an image ascribable to the sticking of the medium to the head.

Abstract: When a common electrode is formed, pattern accuracy is improved corresponding to further miniaturization and wiring resistance within lamination is restrained in a low value, so that unevenness of printing density is eliminated in case of printing by a low-voltage driving printer, and higher efficiency of heating for printing can be performed. A buildup electrode of a lower layer has a tapered shape in a peripheral portion and the common electrode of an upper layer is formed so as to cover the buildup electrode.

Abstract: A thermal head and a thermal head unit are provided, which can prevent density variation while suppressing the size of the thermal head to be small. In a thermal head (10) having a head chip (20) having one surface on which heat generating elements and segment and common electrodes connected to the heat generating elements are provided, and an IC chip (32) connected to the segment electrodes, the common electrode (27) provided to the head chip (20) is elongated in an array direction of the heat generating elements, and connections between the common electrode (27) and common electrode wirings (41) are provided at plural locations along the array direction.

Abstract: A thick film thermal head includes a substrate which is provided with a linear groove and is heat-conductive at least at a part of the surface facing the groove. An elongated resistance heater is embedded in the groove to be in contact with the part of the surface of the substrate at which the substrate is heat-conductive, and a plurality of electrodes are formed on the surface of the substrate in contact with the resistance heater and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the resistance heater.

Abstract: The heat-sensitive recording apparatus includes a thermal head in which drive power is supplied at heating elements located at both ends in the main scanning direction, and both impedances from at least one connecting portion connecting a common electrode connected to all of the heating elements to heating elements at both ends in the main scanning direction are equal to and an image processing section which, in accordance with image data, determines a current distribution within the common electrode for each of positions in the main scanning direction that correspond to the heating elements, determines amount of voltage drop due to resistance of the common electrode as a function of a position in the main scanning direction using the determined current distribution and corrects resulting density unevenness in accordance with the image data based on both the amount of voltage drop due to the resistance of the common electrode as the function of the position in the main scanning direction and the amount of vol

Abstract: Thermal line head has an electrically-insulated base member, a plurality of electric resistance elements linearly formed on a surface of the base member; and an electrically-conductive wiring pattern configuration formed on the surface of the base member, the electrically-conductive wiring pattern configuration electrically activating the plurality of electric resistance elements. The electrically-conductive wiring pattern configuration is configured such that each of the electric resistance elements is surrounded by at least two pattern elements included in the electrically-conductive wiring pattern configuration.

Abstract: A thermal printhead for printing on pre-embossed plastic cards, and a method for making a thermal printhead for printing on pre-embossed plastic cards. The printhead includes a means for connecting to a data source, means for connecting to a power source, a data transfer means, and at least one elongated contact member having at least one notch to allow the thermal printhead to pass over the pre-embossed text during the printing process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermal head having a long lifetime and a high printing quality by making the size of steps of a protective layer formed on a heating portion of a heating resistor small and a method for manufacturing the thermal heads. In the thermal head, respective lower-layer electrodes having a film thickness of approximately 2 &mgr;m are formed on outskirts portion of a bulging portion of a heat insulation layer excluding a heating portion of a heating resistor and portions in the vicinity of the heating portion. Then, respective upper-layer electrodes having a film thickness which falls in a range of 0.1 to 0.3 &mgr;m are continuously formed from portions at positions in the vicinity of the heating portion excluding the heating portion to upper surfaces of the lower-layer electrodes.

Abstract: A thermal print device comprising a plane support (1) of rectangular shape that is fitted on one of its faces, parallel to one of its longitudinally-extending edges (1a), with a resistive line (17) extending over conductor segments (14, 15) disposed perpendicularly thereto and extending alternately to one side and to the other side of the resistive line (17), one (14) of the series of segments coming from a common conductor which is constituted by a conductive layer covering the support, and in which the resistive line (17) and the conductor segments (14, 15) across which it extends are formed on an insulating layer (7) covering the conductive layer (3).

Abstract: A thick film thermal head for making a stencil by thermally perforating a stencil material includes an electrical insulating substrate and a glaze layer superposed on a heat radiating plate in this order, a resistance heater formed on the glaze layer to continuously extend in a main scanning direction, a plurality of electrodes of at least two lines which extend in a direction intersecting the main scanning direction in contact with the resistance heater and are alternately arranged in the main scanning direction, and a protective layer which covers exposed part of the resistance heater and the electrodes.

Abstract: A thick-film thermal printhead includes an insulating substrate, an electrode pattern formed on the substrate and a linear heating resistor electrically connected to electrode pattern. The electrode pattern includes a common electrode and a plurality of individual electrodes. The common electrode includes a plurality of comb-teeth and a main conductor connected to the comb-teeth. The distance between the main conductor and the heating resistor is 0.25-0.75 times the width of the heating resistor.

Abstract: A thick-film thermal printhead comprises: an oblong rectangular substrate (1) having at least one longitudinal edge (1a); a partial glaze layer provided on the substrate along the longitudinal edge; a linear heating resistor (11) formed on the partial glaze layer; a common electrode (12) formed on the substrate and electrically connected to the heating resistor; and a plurality of individual electrode (13) formed on the substrate and electrically connected to the heating resistor. The common electrode includes a plurality of comb-like teeth (12A). Each of the comb-like teeth includes a tip portion (12c) having a smaller width and a base portion (12d) having a larger width. Each of the individual electrodes includes a tip portion (13d) having a smaller width and an intermediate portion (13e) having a larger width.

Abstract: A thick film thermal head includes an electrical insulating substrate. A pair of heat-resistant electrical insulating plates fixed to a surface of the substrate with their side faces opposed to each other with a gap between. An elongated resistance heater is embedded in the gap, and a plurality of electrodes are formed on the surface of the heat-resistant electrical insulating plates in contact with the resistance heater and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the resistance heater.

Abstract: When a film thickness of electrodes is increased in order to lower a wiring resistance of the electrodes, printing efficiency is reduced because of an electrode step produced in the heating element portion, a two-stage electrode structure in which a film thickness of the electrodes near resistors interfering with a print paper is made small such that the influence due to a step is not caused and in which a film thickness of other electrode portions is made large such that a sufficient wiring resistance can be obtained.

Abstract: The heat-sensitive recording apparatus includes a thermal head in which drive power is supplied at heating elements located at both ends in the main scanning direction, and both impedances from at least one connecting portion connecting a common electrode connected to all of the heating elements to heating elements at both ends in the main scanning direction are equal to and an image processing section which, in accordance with image data, determines a current distribution within the common electrode for each of positions in the main scanning direction that correspond to the heating elements, determines amount of voltage drop due to resistance of the common electrode as a function of a position in the main scanning direction using the determined current distribution and corrects resulting density unevenness in accordance with the image data based on both the amount of voltage drop due to the resistance of the common electrode as the function of the position in the main scanning direction and the amount of vol

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermal head having a long lifetime and a high printing quality by making the size of steps of a protective layer formed on a heating portion of a heating resistor small and a method for manufacturing the thermal heads. In the thermal head, respective lower-layer electrodes having a film thickness of approximately 2 &mgr;m are formed on outskirts portion of a bulging portion of a heat insulation layer excluding a heating portion of a heating resistor and portions in the vicinity of the heating portion. Then, respective upper-layer electrodes having a film thickness which falls in a range of 0.1 to 0.3 &mgr;m are continuously formed from portions at positions in the vicinity of the heating portion excluding the heating portion to upper surfaces of the lower-layer electrodes.

Abstract: A thermal printhead (A) includes an insulating substrate (10) having an upper surface (10a) and a side surface (10b), and a heat retaining glaze layer (11) formed on the substrate (10). A heating resistor (13) is formed on the glaze layer (11). The thermal printhead (A) further includes a common electrode (12) and a plurality of individual electrodes. The common electrode (12) has a plurality of teeth (12a) connected to the heating resistor (13), and a connecting portion (12b) which connects the teeth (12a) with each other. An electrode auxiliary layer (14) is formed on the connecting portion (12b). The heating resistor (13) and the electrode auxiliary layer (14) are covered with an overcoat layer (16) which is, in turn, covered with a protective layer (17). The connecting portion (12b) of the common electrode (12) directly contacts both the glaze layer (11) and the upper surface (10a) of the substrate.

Abstract: A thick film thermal head includes an electrical insulating substrate and a photosensitive material layer which is formed on the substrate and is provided with a linear groove formed on a surface thereof by exposing it to light. An elongated resistance heater is embedded in the groove, and a plurality of electrodes are formed on the surface of the photosensitive material layer in contact with the resistance heater and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the resistance heater.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a thermal head wherein a satisfactory image free of unevenness in printing density can be acquired by suitably correcting voltage drop in the common electrode of the thermal head and heating an individual heater element at uniform temperature. The thermal head according to the invention is characterized in that a common electrode comprised of a conductive layer and a base electrode layer is formed on most of the surface of a heat insulating layer, a separate electrode and a heater element are provided on the common electrode via a layer insulating layer and the edge of the base electrode layer is suitably overlapped with the conductive layer. Also, the thermal head according to the invention is characterized in that the conductive layer is divided every heater element and suitable electric resistance is applied to divided each conductive layer.

Abstract: A thick film thermal head includes a substrate which is provided with a groove on a surface to extend in a main scanning direction and has an electrically conductive portion which faces the groove and extends substantially over the entire length of the groove. A resistance heater strip is embedded in the groove to be in contact with the electrically conductive portion substantially over its entire length. A plurality of discrete electrodes are formed on the surface of the substrate and are in contact with the resistance heater strip at predetermined intervals in the main scanning direction. The discrete electrodes are electrically insulated from the electrically conductive portion of the substrate except through the resistance heater strip, and the electrically conductive portion is connected to a power source to be applied with an electrical potential and forms a common electrode.

Abstract: A thermal head has an insulating substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite the first main surface, and an end surface. Heater resistors are arranged in a line on the first surface of the insulating substrate. Driving elements are disposed on the second main surface of the insulating substrate for driving the heater resistors. The heater resistors are electrically connected to the driving elements by turnup connection terminals.

Abstract: A thick film thermal head for making a stencil by thermally perforating a stencil material includes an electrical insulating substrate and a glaze layer superposed on a heat radiating plate in this order, a resistance heater formed on the glaze layer to continuously extend in a main scanning direction, a plurality of electrodes of at least two lines which extend in a direction intersecting the main scanning direction in contact with the resistance heater and are alternately arranged in the main scanning direction, and a protective layer which covers exposed part of the resistance heater and the electrodes.

Abstract: A thin-film thermal head incorporating a resistance heating layer; and a conductor layer, wherein the main component of the conductor layer is a Cu—Ag alloy. More particularly, the conductor layer contains Cu by 50 atom % or higher, Ag by 0.5 atom % or higher and 50 atom % or lower and other elements by 2 atom % or lower.

Abstract: A thick film thermal head includes a plurality of first and second electrodes which extend in a sub-scanning direction and are alternately arranged in a main scanning direction intersecting the sub-scanning direction at predetermined spaces. A resistance heater continuously extends in the main scanning direction across the first and second electrodes. Parts of the resistance heater between adjacent first and second electrodes form a plurality of resistance heater elements which are arranged in the main scanning direction and generate heat when energized through the first and second electrodes. The spaces between the first and second electrodes are smaller than the widths of the first and second electrodes in the main scanning direction.

Abstract: A thermal head includes a heat dissipating substrate, a heat-insulating layer formed thereon, a common lead layer formed thereon, an insulating interlayer formed thereon, a plurality of heating elements provided on the insulating interlayer, a common electrode connected to one end of each heating element, and a plurality of discrete electrodes connected to the other ends of the heating elements. The heating elements are connected to each other via the common electrode, and the common electrode is electrically connected to the common lead layer through a contact hole provided in the insulating interlayer. The common lead layer includes a thin region below the heating elements and a thick region.

Abstract: A thermal print head arrangement for a thermal printer in which print lines of printing elements of adjacent print heads are parallel and spread across the width direction of a recording sheet, perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of travel of the recording sheet, with any two adjacent print heads having opposite orientations facing each other is provided. Print heads are cut at an oblique angle at both ends thus allowing them to be closely and consecutively arranged in alternate dispositions. The method for alignment of the print heads, involves the use of a microscope positioned above print elements of print heads. An alignment marker of the microscope's eyepiece is used to position the print heads on the print head support. Each adjacent print head is positioned with its oblique cut edge against the similar cut edge of the first print head and displaced to obtain the distance between end print elements of adjacent print heads equal to the internal distance of all print elements of each print head.

Abstract: A substrate for a recording head includes a heat generating resistor for generating thermal energy to eject liquid, and a pair of opposed electrodes which are electrically connected to the heat generating resistor to supply electric signal to that heat generating resistor. A portion of the heat generating resistor interposed between the electrodes constitutes a heat generating portion, and the electrodes have respective ends adjacent to the heat generating resistor, each of which ends has a smooth convex shape. The width of a pattern constituting the heat generating resistor is greater than a width of a pattern constituting the electrodes.

Abstract: A printhead is provided comprising a plate having a plurality of orifices through which ink droplets are ejected and a heater chip coupled to the plate. The heater chip includes at least one heating element provided on a main body portion of the heater chip. The main body portion includes at least one first conductor and at least one second conductor for providing current to the heating element. The first conductor is positioned in a first plane and the second conductor is positioned in a second plane which is vertically spaced from the first plane. The heating element is positioned between the first and second conductors and has a substantially constant cross-sectional area along a first axis which is generally parallel to the direction of current flow.

Abstract: A cutout portion 12 is formed by partially cutting out a board along a predetermined fold and a first portion 14 and a second portion 15 partitioned along the fold are folded and attached together into a unitary body by a bonding agent or thermal fusing. Formed on a surface of the printed wiring board 11 is a conductor pattern 17 that continuously runs across the fold at the cutout portion between the first portion and the second portion, and thus the conductor pattern assuring continuity between both sides of a printed wiring board 20 results without the need for providing through-holes. By employing such a printed wiring board, a compact and low-cost feature can be implemented into electronic apparatuses or portable information apparatuses, such as liquid crystal display devices or electronic printers, through a miniature, light-weight and flat design effort.

Abstract: In a recording head, in which a strip form resistor is arranged over comb-shaped electrode leads of common electrode leads from strip form common electrodes and individual electrode leads, a distance between electrode leads positioned at the center of the strip form resistor is shorter than at other portions. As a result of this, fluctuation of print dot size can be made smaller, fluctuation of printing color development density is reduced and improvement of tone printing performance can be achieved.

Abstract: A thermal head comprises an insulative substrate, a heating-element layer disposed over the insulative substrate, at least one electrode disposed over the heating-element layer for supplying power to the heating-element layer, and a protective film disposed over the heating element layer and the electrode. The electrode has a tapered peripheral edge portion, and the protective film has a Vickers hardness of at least 1200 Kg/mm.sup.2 or more.

Abstract: In a thermal head consisting of one or more substrates, each of the substrates comprises a heating element, common electrodes arranged on one of the sides of the heating element, and individual electrodes arranged on the other side of the heating element. In the vicinity of the side edges of the substrate, the patterns of the two types of electrodes extend from the heating element toward the upper edge and lower edge of the substrate corresponding to the top side and bottom side of the trapezoid, respectively, in such a manner as to be directed at an angle toward the central portion of the substrate. This enables a plurality of substrates to be manufactured with the same electrode patterns, and all the substrates to have the same data transfer direction to simplify the wiring.

Abstract: A linear thermal print head used for a printer, for such as a facsimile, and formed so as to improve the quality of a printed product by reducing density differences of parts of a printed product. An ease with which to fix the linear thermal print head and a head connector to each other is improved. A heating resistor (2), a common wiring pattern (3), individual writing patterns (4), driving circuit elements (5) and a ground wiring pattern (7) are provided in a linearly extending manner on a surface of a head base plate (1). A ground writing pattern connecting terminal (8), which is electrically connected to a substantially longitudinally intermediate portion of the ground writing pattern, is provided on the portion of the surface of the head base plate which is at a substantially intermediate part of a ground writing pattern side edge region thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal head which comprises: a plurality of heating elements arranged at regular intervals on the top surface of an electrically insulating substrate; a common electrode connected to one ends of the respective heating elements; a plurality of discrete lead wires connected to the other ends of the respective heating elements and led out in directions at predetermined angles with respect to the direction of arrangement of the heating elements; and driving IC including a plurality of connecting pads arranged nearly parallel with the direction of arrangement of the heating elements and with intervals smaller than the intervals of arrangement of the heating elements, the connecting pads connected to lead-out sections of the discrete lead wires, wherein the connecting pads of the driving IC are arranged with intervals between the neighboring connecting pads which vary depending on the sine values of angles between the direction of arrangement of the heating elements and the lead-out dire

Abstract: A thermal printing head of a printing apparatus is provided. The thermal printing head includes an alumina substrate on which a plurality of heat resistors and signal supplying aluminum pattern elements are formed, a print circuit board for supplying an electric signal and power to the heat resistors, which is located adjacent to the alumina substrate, a heat sink for discharging heat, wherein the heat sink is attached to the bottom of the print circuit board and the alumina substrate; and a driving IC mounted on the alumina substrate, each signal supplying aluminum pattern element thereof being formed of two portions having different widths which are alternately connected in a lengthwise direction along the signal supplying aluminum pattern. This arrangement minimizes or prevents contamination of the wire bonding pad due to bleeding of solder resist and non-conductive epoxy along the signal supplying aluminum pattern element during manufacturing processes.

Abstract: A thermal printhead formed on a substrate. The plurality of thermal print elements in the thermal printhead are formed in a linear array. Each of the plurality of thermal print elements is respectively connected to a plurality of common electrode traces and a plurality of ground electrode traces. The common electrode traces are switchably connected to a single common electrode and the ground electrode traces are connected to a single ground electrode. The common electrode is held at a common voltage and the ground electrode is held at a ground voltage. The electrical circuit includes at least one common remote sense electrode connected to the single common electrode and, optionally, at least one ground remote sense electrode connected to the single ground electrode.

Abstract: A circuit connecting device for use with a digital printing apparatus is disclosed, the digital printing apparatus having a jet module assembly, a plurality of ink ejecting devices mounted in the jet module assembly, a corresponding plurality of ink ejecting nozzles formed on a nozzle plate mounted on an exterior of the jet module assembly, conduit means within the jet module assembly communicating between the ink ejecting devices and the nozzles, and a control electronics component for controlling the sequence of activation of the ink ejecting devices to cause ink to be ejected from the nozzles onto an image receiving medium during relative movement between the print head and the image receiving medium.

Abstract: A thermal printhead according to the present invention includes an insulating head substrate (8) having an obverse surface (8a), a reverse surface (8b), a first longitudinal edge surface (8c) and a second longitudinal edge surface (8d). The surface (8a) of the head substrate (8) is formed with an array of heating dots (10a) along the first longitudinal edge surface (8c), a common electrode pattern (11) electrically connected to the array of heating dots (10a) adjacent to the first longitudinal edge surface (8c) and individual electrodes (12) extending away from the common electrode pattern (11) and being electrically connected to the respective heating dots (10a). The heating dots (10a) are selectively heated by drive elements. The common electrode pattern (11) is electrically connected to an auxiliary electrode layer (14) which covers at least the first longitudinal edge surface (8c), reverse surface (8b) and second longitudinal edge surface (8d) of the heat substrate (8).

Abstract: A recording head has a substrate on which a plurality of heat generating elements as recording elements are arranged and a plurality of driving integrated circuits (driving ICs) to drive the plurality of heat generating elements are supported. The recording head comprises wirings which are extended from the heat generating elements and pass through a region on the substrate on which the driving ICs are supported and are connected to the driving ICs; signal series wirings which are arranged on the heat generating element side of the substrate, are closer to the heat generating elements than terminals for the wiring connection, and serially connect the driving ICs; and conductors which are formed in a region on the substrate between the adjacent driving ICs and connect recording current to the ground.

Abstract: To realize a high-quality and high-speed printing which can sufficiently comply with high definition, a thermal head having a high heat resistance and excellent thermal responsivity comprises a high thermal conductivity substrate, a heat accumulating layer formed on the surface of the substrate, a plurality of heater elements formed on the surface of the heat accumulating layer in line, a common electrode and an individual electrode energizing each of the heater elements, and a protective layer formed so as to cover the heat accumulating layer, the heater elements and the electrodes, wherein a stress-resistant layer composed of an insulating high-modulus ceramic is provided on the surface of the heat accumulating layer.

Abstract: A thermal head which can effectively use a thin film ribbon as an ink ribbon, and take a relatively long edge distance. The thermal head has its object to maintain transferring property of the ink to a recording medium and to maintain high printing quality for a long period of time. A heating portion is formed from the top of a heat insulating layer to a slope of the common electrode side of the heat insulating layer, and a gap is formed on the common electrode. The ink ribbon is pressed into contact with the recording medium at a portion of low-temperature of the top of portion of the heat insulating layer falling outside the center portion of the heating portion where a pressure of the printer to the platen is mainly applied.

Abstract: A thermal printhead formed on a substrate. The plurality of thermal print elements in the thermal printhead are formed in a linear array. Each of the plurality of thermal print elements is respectively connected to a plurality of common electrode traces and a plurality of ground electrode traces. The common electrode traces are switchably connected to a single common electrode and the ground electrode traces are connected to a single ground electrode. The common electrode is held at a common voltage and the ground electrode is held at a ground voltage. The electrical circuit includes at least one common remote sense electrode connected to the single common electrode and, optionally, at least one ground remote sense electrode connected to the single ground electrode.

Abstract: A thermal head including a temperature keeping layer disposed on a substrate, a plurality of heat generating elements formed on the temperature keeping layer, a plurality of individual electrodes connected to the corresponding heat generating elements, a common electrode connected to the heat generating elements, respectively. Each heat generating element includes a heat generating portion formed between one of the individual electrodes and the common electrode. Each of the individual electrodes and the common electrode have a dual layered structure including a lower electrode and an upper electrode, the lower electrode being formed between the temperature keeping layer and one of the heat generating elements, and the upper electrode being formed above the heat generating element.

Abstract: An image recording head, for one of a image recording apparatus in which a voltage is applied to fine pattern electrodes to directly record an image on a recording medium and a image recording apparatus in which a voltage is applied to fine pattern electrodes to form an electrostatic latent image on an intermediate recording medium, the electrostatic latent image is developed to form a developed image, and the developed image is transferred and fixed to a recording medium, wherein at least a part of the fine pattern electrodes comprises a member selected from the group consisting of the elements of one of transition metals which is acid-resistant and electrolytically noncorrosive, and an alloy of titanium including at least one of group VIII metals of the periodic table. Accordingly, the image recording head which has a long life particularly under an environment of high temperature and humidity is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermal head and the manufacturing method. In the thermal head, even when a multilayer wiring constitution is adopted, a trouble caused by bad connection or bad insulation in respective layers can be certainly prevented, and even if a real edge constitution is adopted, manufacturing is easy and reliability can be maintained high.

Abstract: A print head applies electrical energy to an electrically resistive and grounded transfer ribbon bearing heat transferable dye, during sliding pressure contact and relative movement between the head and ribbon, for resistive heating of the dye to a transfer temperature for transfer to a receiver to form images of selective pixel size thereon. The head has a row of electrodes with end faces and an electrically non-conductive substrate with an end face, the end faces lying in a contact plane for contact with the ribbon. A groove in the substrate end face separates such end face from the electrode end faces. The width of the groove is sufficient to inhibit heat transfer at the groove from the ribbon to the substrate for controlling the dye amount heated to transfer temperature adjacent the groove during the relative movement and in turn the image pixel size.